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Faunistik Der Springschrecken Südtirols (Insecta: Orthoptera) 109

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Faunistik Der Springschrecken Südtirols (Insecta: Orthoptera) 109 K. HELLRIGL: Faunistik der Springschrecken Südtirols (Insecta: Orthoptera) 109 KLAUS HELLRIGL FAUNISTIK DER SPRINGSCHRECKEN SÜDTIROLS (Insecta: Orthoptera) ABSTRACT - HELLRIGL K., 2006 - Faunistics of the Crickets, Locusts and Grass- hoppers of South Tyrol (Prov. Bozen-Bolzano, Northern Italy) (Insecta: Orthoptera). Atti Acc. Rov. Agiati, a. 256, 2006, ser. VIII, vol. VI, B: 109-213. Ten years ago, in 1996, the Author published in the course of his comprehensive Faunistic synopsis «Die Tierwelt Südtirols» (The Fauna of South Tyrol) a first check- list of the Orthoptera known from South Tyrol (HELLRIGL 1996: 307-315). In this commented checklist were also considered older and recent bibliographic references indicated by abbreviations as well as the authors own personal collections and investigations since the 1990s. Of course in this short checklist it was not possible to give any specific indications about the locations of the various species. The principal purpose of the checklist 1996 was to give a general view on the presence of Orthop- tera in South Tyrol. After ten years it seems high time to publish also the locations-data of the species observed before 1996, and to complete them with additional recent findings. Morever a comprehensive survey of the previous investigations on Orthoptera in South Tyrol was given, beginning from older historical reviews, like those of GRABER (1867), KRAUSS (1873-1908), BRUNNER (1882), DALLA TORRE (1882), COBELLI (1883-1906), etc., includ- ing more recent publications, like MARCUZZI (1956, 1961), SCHMÖLZER (1962), HARZ (1957, 1969, 1975), NADIG (1981-1991), GALVAGNI (1950-2001). A particular enrich- ment was the list of Orthoptera of the Venosta Valley (South Tyrol), with 53 species considered, collected especially in the years 1967/68, published by A. GALVAGNI (2001); in this list there are also many others indications regarding South Tyrol as well as Trentino. In the present paper the necessity to distinguish between the territory of the ac- tual provinces «South Tyrol» (Prov. Bozen-Bolzano) and «Trentino» (Prov. Trento), respectively, is pointed out. Prior to 1919, both provinces belonged to Austria and were called in common «South Tyrol» or «Southern Tyrol». In consequence this inac- curate distinction comported, that the presence of same more southern species, that occur only in the southern part of «Trentino», in bibliographies (e.g. HARZ 1957- 1975; BELLMANN 1993) are erroneously reported also for the actual «South Tyrol» (Prov. Bozen-Bolzano). To illustrate and clear the question of the presence of the various species, the distribution of species in Trentino and Veneto was briefly consid- ered. While the Orthoptera-Fauna of the northern part of Trentino is very similar to that of South Tyrol (Alto Adige), in the southern part of Trentino there are present 110 Atti Acc. Rov. Agiati, a. 256, 2006, ser. VIII, vol. VI, B some additional species, in part endemic elements of the southern Alps and Pre-Alps, that do not occur in South Tyrol: Barbitistes vicetinus, Ephippiger vicheti, Isophya modestior, Leptophyes laticauda, Pachytrachis gracilis, Pholidoptera fallax, Poecilimon ornatus, Polysarcus denticauda, Saga pedo, Tylopsis liliifolia, Melanogryllus desertus, Chortopodisma cobellii, Odontopodisma schmidti, Pezotettix giornai, Pseudoprumna baldensis, Acrida ungarica mediterranea, Acrotylus patruelis, Aiolopus thalassinus, Parac- inema tricolor bisignata, Euchorthippus declivus. On the other hand it is remarkable, that some species which are present in limited locations in South Tyrol, are missing in Trentino (and, mostly, also in Veneto), e.g.: Miramella (Kisella) alpina, Epacromius tergestinus ponticus, Chrysochraon dispar dispar, Chorthippus montanus, Chorthippus (Glyptobothrus) apricarius, Ch. (Glyptobothrus) pullus, Myrmeleotettix maculatus, Ste- nobothrus nigromaculatus The identification of the species from personal collections and investigations (coll. Hellrigl & coll. Mörl) was carried out by using the determination-keys of HARZ (1969, 1975), BELLMANN (1993) and FONTANA et al. (2002). The scientific nomenclature used was that of «Fauna Europaea» (HELLER 2005). From the present inquiry of Orthop- tera in South Tyrol (Prov. Bozen-Bolzano) results the presence of 85 species (38 En- sifera and 47 Caelifera). In reference to the previous checklist (HELLRIGL 1996) there are two additional species: Conocephalus (Xiphidion) dorsalis and Chorthippus pullus. Altogether in the present paper 112 Orthoptera-species (53 Ensifera and 59 Caelif- era) are reviewed and discussed. KEY WORDS - Insecta, Orthoptera, South Tyrol, Northern Italy. RIASSUNTO - HELLRIGL K., 2006 - Faunistica degli Ortotteri dellAlto Adige (Prov. Bolzano, Italia settentrionale) (Insecta: Orthoptera). Nel 1996 lAutore ha pubblicato, nellambito del suo compendio «Die Tierwelt Südtirols» (La Fauna del Sud Tirolo), un primo elenco comprensivo delle specie di Ortotteri sinora note per la provincia di Bolzano (HELLRIGL 1996: 307-315). In questo elenco, presentato in forma di una checklist commentata, oltre alle varie citatazioni da precedenti pubblicazioni con indicazioni di riferimento in forma di sigle abbreviate vennero considerate soprattutto raccolte effettuate personalmente sin dallinizio degli anni 1990. A causa del limitato spazio disponibile, ovviamente non è stato possibile dare indicazioni dettagliate sulle località di rinvenimento delle singole specie; perciò lelenco del 1996 ha avuto lo scopo principale di dare una visione dassieme sugli Ortotteri presenti. Dopo ormai dieci anni dalla presentazione della checklist del 1996, era più che doveroso pubblicare finalmente i vecchi dati disponibili, aggiungendo pure ulteriori dati di più recenti rinvenimenti. Inoltre viene dato anche largo spazio ad una ricapito- lazione sullandamento storico delle ricerche ortotterologiche in Alto Adige, a partire dalle segnalazioni più remote, come quelle di GRABER (1867), KRAUSS (1873-1908), BRUNNER (1882), DALLA TORRE (1882), COBELLI (1883-1906) ecc., sino a quelle più recenti, come quelle di MARCUZZI (1956, 1961), SCHMÖLZER (1962), HARZ (1957, 1969, 1975), NADIG (1981-1991), GALVAGNI (1950-2001). Tra queste un arricchimento par- ticolare comporta un recente elenco degli Ortotteri della Val Venosta, con 53 specie segnalate, a cura di A. GALVAGNI (2001), nel quale lautore oltre a numerosissime raccolte personali (specialmente negli anni 1967/68), ha dato anche numerose, ulte- riori indicazioni faunistiche sia per lAlto Adige come pure per il Trentino. Viene evidenziata lopportunità di precisare meglio la distribuzione delle singole specie nellambito dei due territori del Südtirol-Alto Adige (Prov. Bolzano) e del Tren- tino (Prov. Trento); infatti, sino al 1919, essi appartenevano ancora allAustria e veni- vano allora denominati assieme, semplicemente come «Südtirol» (Tirolo del Sud) op- K. HELLRIGL: Faunistik der Springschrecken Südtirols (Insecta: Orthoptera) 111 pure «Tirolo meridionale». Questo ha comportato, che sino ai nostri tempi alcune specie meridionali, presenti solo nel Trentino meridionale, in letteratura invece (p.e. HARZ 1957-1975; BELLMANN 1993 ) figurano ancora segnalate come presenti anche in Sudtirolo-Alto Adige (Prov. Bolzano). A chiarimento della questione di distribuzione delle diverse specie, viene riferita e discussa brevemente anche la loro presenza nelle zone limitrofe del Trentino e Veneto. Mentre la fauna ortotterologica del Trentino settentrionale (Val di Cembra, Val di Fiemme, Val di Fassa, Lagorai, Val di Non, Val di Sole ecc.) risulta essere largamente simile a quella dellAlto Adige; al contrario nel Trentino meridionale a Sud di Tione-Trento-Valsugana subentrano alcune specie meridionali, in parte anche endemiche, delle Alpi meridionali e della fascia prealpina, che mancano in Alto Adige, come p.e.: Barbitistes vicetinus, Ephippiger vicheti, Isoph- ya modestior, Leptophyes laticauda, Pachytrachis gracilis, Pholidoptera fallax, Poecili- mon ornatus, Polysarcus denticauda, Saga pedo, Tylopsis liliifolia, Melanogryllus deser- tus, Chortopodisma cobellii, Odontopodisma schmidti, Pezotettix giornai, Pseudoprum- na baldensis, Acrida ungarica mediterranea, Acrotylus patruelis, Aiolopus thalassinus, Paracinema tricolor bisignata, Euchorthippus declivus. Interessante è viceversa il fatto, che pure alcune specie, segnalate localmente in Alto Adige, risultano invece essere mancanti in Trentino (e spesso anche in Veneto), come p.e.: Miramella (Kisella) alpi- na, Epacromius tergestinus ponticus, Chrysochraon dispar dispar, Chorthippus monta- nus, Chorthippus (Glyptobothrus) apricarius, Ch. (Glyptobothrus) pullus, Myrmeleotet- tix maculatus, Stenobothrus nigromaculatus. La determinazione delle specie raccolte personalmente (coll. Hellrigl & coll. Mörl) venne effettuata usando le chiavi dicotomiche di HARZ (1969 e 1975), BELLMANN (1993) e FONTANA et al. (2002). La nomenclatura scientifica adottata segue quella della «Fau- na Europaea» (HELLER 2005). Nel presente rilevamento faunistico degli Ortotteri del- lAlto Adige (= Prov. Bolzano) risultano essere accertate 85 specie (38 Ensifera e 47 Caelifera). Rispetto allelenco precedente (HELLRIGL 1996), si sono aggiunte 2 specie: Conocephalus (Xiphidion) dorsalis e Chorthippus pullus. Vengono trattate e discusse nellelenco complessivamente 112 specie di Ortotteri (53 Ensifera e 59 Caelifera). PAROLE CHIAVE - Insecta, Orthoptera, Alto Adige (Prov. Bolzano), Italia setten- trionale. Wenn man heute ein Werk über eine Gruppe von Lebewesen schreibt, so ist dies nur zum
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