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Russian Threats to United States Security in the Post-Cold War Era

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Russian Threats to United States Security in the Post-Cold War Era RUSSIAN THREATS TO UNITED STATES SECURITY IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT REFORM HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED SIXTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JANUARY 24, 2000 Serial No. 106–158 Printed for the use of the Committee on Government Reform ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpo.gov/congress/house http://www.house.gov/reform U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 66–968 CC WASHINGTON : 2000 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:25 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 C:\DOCS\66968.TXT HGOVREF1 PsN: HGOVREF1 COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT REFORM DAN BURTON, Indiana, Chairman BENJAMIN A. GILMAN, New York HENRY A. WAXMAN, California CONSTANCE A. MORELLA, Maryland TOM LANTOS, California CHRISTOPHER SHAYS, Connecticut ROBERT E. WISE, JR., West Virginia ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida MAJOR R. OWENS, New York JOHN M. MCHUGH, New York EDOLPHUS TOWNS, New York STEPHEN HORN, California PAUL E. KANJORSKI, Pennsylvania JOHN L. MICA, Florida PATSY T. MINK, Hawaii THOMAS M. DAVIS, Virginia CAROLYN B. MALONEY, New York DAVID M. MCINTOSH, Indiana ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, Washington, MARK E. SOUDER, Indiana DC JOE SCARBOROUGH, Florida CHAKA FATTAH, Pennsylvania STEVEN C. LATOURETTE, Ohio ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS, Maryland MARSHALL ‘‘MARK’’ SANFORD, South DENNIS J. KUCINICH, Ohio Carolina ROD R. BLAGOJEVICH, Illinois BOB BARR, Georgia DANNY K. DAVIS, Illinois DAN MILLER, Florida JOHN F. TIERNEY, Massachusetts ASA HUTCHINSON, Arkansas JIM TURNER, Texas LEE TERRY, Nebraska THOMAS H. ALLEN, Maine JUDY BIGGERT, Illinois HAROLD E. FORD, JR., Tennessee GREG WALDEN, Oregon JANICE D. SCHAKOWSKY, Illinois DOUG OSE, California ——— PAUL RYAN, Wisconsin BERNARD SANDERS, Vermont HELEN CHENOWETH-HAGE, Idaho (Independent) DAVID VITTER, Louisiana KEVIN BINGER, Staff Director DANIEL R. MOLL, Deputy Staff Director DAVID A. KASS, Deputy Counsel and Parliamentarian LISA SMITH ARAFUNE, Chief Clerk PHIL SCHILIRO, Minority Staff Director (II) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:25 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 C:\DOCS\66968.TXT HGOVREF1 PsN: HGOVREF1 C O N T E N T S Page Hearing held on January 24, 2000 ......................................................................... 1 Statement of: Campbell, Hon. Tom, a Representative in Congress from the State of California ....................................................................................................... 39 Lunev, Stanislav, former GRU Officer, author of ‘‘Through the Eyes of the Enemy’’; ; and Peter Vincent Pry, former employee of the Central Intelligence Agency, author of ‘‘War Scare’’ ................................................ 59 Weldon, Hon. Curt, a Representative in Congress from the State of Penn- sylvania .......................................................................................................... 11 Letters, statements, et cetera, submitted for the record by: Burton, Hon. Dan, a Representative in Congress from the State of Indi- ana, prepared statement of .......................................................................... 6 Campbell, Hon. Tom, a Representative in Congress from the State of California, series of letters requesting investigations ............................... 43 Green, William, California State University—San Bernadino, Naval Re- serves Intelligence Officer, prepared statement of ..................................... 100 Lunev, Stanislav, former GRU Officer, author of ‘‘Through the Eyes of the Enemy’’, prepared statement of ............................................................. 61 Pry, Peter Vincent, former employee of the Central Intelligence Agency, author of ‘‘War Scare’’, prepared statement of ........................................... 74 Weldon, Hon. Curt, a Representative in Congress from the State of Penn- sylvania: Article entitled, ‘‘The Employment of Special Task Forces Under Contemproty Conditions’’ ...................................................................... 32 Partial transcript of October 26, 1999 hearing ....................................... 16 Partial transcript of September 14, 1999 press conference ................... 20 (III) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:25 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 C:\DOCS\66968.TXT HGOVREF1 PsN: HGOVREF1 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:25 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 C:\DOCS\66968.TXT HGOVREF1 PsN: HGOVREF1 RUSSIAN THREATS TO UNITED STATES SECURITY IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA MONDAY, JANUARY 24, 2000 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT REFORM, Los Angeles, CA. The committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:05 a.m., in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority Boardroom, 3rd floor, One Gateway Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, Hon. Dan Burton (chairman of the committee) presiding. Present: Representatives Burton and Scarborough. Staff present: Daniel R. Moll, deputy staff director; Lisa Smith Arafune, chief clerk; Mildred Webber and Caroline Katzin, profes- sional staff members; and Michael Yeager, minority senior over- sight counsel. Mr. BURTON. Good morning. A quorum being present, the Com- mittee on Government Reform will come to order. I ask unanimous consent that all Members’ and witnesses’ written opening state- ments be included in the record. And without objection so ordered. I ask unanimous consent that all articles, exhibits, and extraneous or tabular material referred to be included in the record. Without objection so ordered. It’s been a little more than 10 years since the Berlin Wall came tumbling down. We’ve been through eras of Glasnost and Perestroika in Russia. We’ve seen economic reforms come and go and we’ve watched the Russian economy come close to collapsing. The conventional wisdom since the end of the cold war has been that the Russian threat to our national security has evaporated. Some people have gone so far as to say that Russia is now our ally. The purpose of this hearing is to examine that question. Is Russia still a threat to United States interests? Is Russia still an adver- sary? I’m very glad that we’re able to hold this session here in Los An- geles today. We hold a lot of hearings in Washington, DC. Some of them get covered by the news media; some don’t. A lot of what we do in the Capital never gets out beyond the Washington beltway. So when we have a recess period, I think it’s a good thing to get out of Washington and give people and local media in other parts of the country some exposure to the congressional process and the issues that are important. Two weeks ago we held a field hearing in Miami about inter- national drug trafficking. We’ve held field hearings in my home town of Indianapolis. One of our subcommittees held a field hear- ing in New York on health care not too long ago. So I think it’s (1) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:25 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 C:\DOCS\66968.TXT HGOVREF1 PsN: HGOVREF1 2 good for the committee and good for the people we represent to do this once in a while. One of the problems with doing field hearings is that not many members of the committee can attend. The 44 members of this committee are from all over the country, and we always have a lot of commitments. So you won’t see many members of the committee here today. However, that doesn’t take anything away from the im- portance of this subject at hand. National security and our relation- ship with Russia are very important issues. By holding this hear- ing, we’re creating a permanent record that every committee mem- ber will be able to review. And I want to particularly thank Rep- resentative Scarborough who came all the way from Florida to be with us today as well as Congressman Curt Weldon who’s from Pennsylvania. Of course Mr. Campbell is here from California, and we appreciate his attendance as well. This is an issue we’re going to continue to look at down the road. So I want to thank all of to- day’s witnesses for being here and participating. Now returning to the question at hand: Is Russia still a threat? One thing we know is that Russia is still conducting espionage against the United States. A lot of people in Washington were shocked when they picked up their newspapers about a month ago and discovered that a Russian spy had bugged the State Depart- ment. A spy who is stationed at the Russian Embassy had planted a tiny listening device in a chair in the conference room. It was right down the hall from the Secretary of State’s office. The FBI caught him red-handed sitting in his car outside the State Depart- ment trying to listen in on a meeting. Nobody has any idea how long that bug was there or what the Russians might have learned. Security is so lax at the State Department that they couldn’t tell you today if there are any other listening devices in the building. They’re sweeping them right now. One of our witnesses today is a former Russian intelligence agent, Colonel Stanivlav Lunev. He is the highest ranking GRU of- ficer ever to defect to the United States. The GRU is Russia’s pre- miere military intelligence agency. Colonel Lunev is in the witness protection program and special arrangements have been made to conceal his identity. So I apologize to the media who’s here, we’ll have to have him come in and be covered up so that his identity is maintained so he won’t be in any jeopardy. Mr. Lunev worked out of the Russian Embassy in Washington for 31⁄2 years. I had a chance to read Colonel Lunev’s testimony when he was before Congressman Weldon’s subcommittee in 1998. He said, ‘‘I can say to you very openly and very firmly that Russian intelligence activity against the United States is much more active than it was in the time of the former Soviet Union’s existence. It’s more active today than it was then.’’ That was a year and a half before the State Department incident. It looks to me like Colonel Lunev knows what he’s talking about. It makes me wonder if there are more bugs in more conference rooms waiting to be discovered.
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