DOCSLIB.ORG

Gerrards Cross Historic Town Assessment Draft Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gerrards Cross Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Gerrards Cross Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Gerrards Cross Historic Town Assessment Report David Green 1-6 Station Parade, Gerrards Cross Gerrards Cross Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 4 I DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Project Background and Purpose ............................................................................................ 7 1.2 Aims ......................................................................................................................................... 7 2 Setting ............................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Location, Topography & Geology............................................................................................. 8 2.2 Wider Landscape ..................................................................................................................... 8 3 Evidence.......................................................................................................................................... 14 3.1 Historic Maps.......................................................................................................................... 14 3.2 Documentary Evidence .......................................................................................................... 14 3.3 Built Heritage.......................................................................................................................... 14 3.4 Archaeological Evidence........................................................................................................ 17 3.5 Environmental Evidence ........................................................................................................ 19 4 Archaeological & Historical Development................................................................................... 21 4.1 Prehistoric and Roman periods (to AD 410) .......................................................................... 21 4.2 Saxon and Medieval Gerrards Cross (AD 410 – 1536) ......................................................... 23 4.3 Post Medieval Gerrards Cross (1536 – 1800) ....................................................................... 26 4.4 Late 18th century to 1900 ...................................................................................................... 29 The Coming of the New Town (1900-Present) .................................................................................... 33 II ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................. 44 5 Designations................................................................................................................................... 44 5.1 Conservation Areas (CA) ....................................................................................................... 44 5.2 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 44 5.3 Scheduled Monuments .......................................................................................................... 44 5.4 Archaeological Notification Areas .......................................................................................... 44 6 Historic Urban Zones ..................................................................................................................... 47 6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 47 6.2 Historic Urban Zones ............................................................................................................. 47 6.3 Archaeological Assessment................................................................................................... 47 6.4 Heritage Values...................................................................................................................... 50 6.5 Modern Settlement................................................................................................................. 52 Zone 1: Gerrards Cross Common.................................................................................................... 52 Zone 2: Packhorse Road.................................................................................................................. 53 Zone 3: Marsham Way..................................................................................................................... 54 Zone 4: Dukes Wood Estate ............................................................................................................ 55 Zone 5: Camp Road Estate.............................................................................................................. 55 Zone 6: Cannon Meadow................................................................................................................. 56 III RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................ 57 7 Management Recommendations .................................................................................................. 57 8 Research Agenda ........................................................................................................................... 57 8.1 Prehistoric .............................................................................................................................. 57 8.2 Roman.................................................................................................................................... 57 8.3 Medieval................................................................................................................................. 57 8.4 Post Medieval......................................................................................................................... 57 9 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................... 58 10 Addresses ................................................................................................................................... 59 1 Appendix: Chronology & Glossary of Terms .............................................................................. 60 1.1 Chronology (taken from Unlocking Buckinghamshire’s Past Website).................................. 60 1.2 Glossary of Terms.................................................................................................................. 60 2 Appendix: HER Records................................................................................................................ 61 2.1 Monuments HER Report ........................................................................................................ 61 2.2 Landscapes HER Reports...................................................................................................... 63 2.3 Find Spots .............................................................................................................................. 63 2.4 Listed Buildings ...................................................................................................................... 66 3 Appendix: Trade Listings and Population Data .......................................................................... 68 4 Appendix: Historical Consultancy Report................................................................................... 70 2 Gerrards Cross Historic Town Assessment Draft Report List of Illustrations Figure 1: Urban Character Zones for Gerrards Cross............................................................................... 5 Figure 2: Gerrards Cross in location ......................................................................................................... 9 Figure 3: Geology of town (BGS) ............................................................................................................ 10 Figure 4: Diagram of Connections from Gerrards Cross (representational only).................................... 11 Figure 5: the historic landscape around Gerrards Cross c. 1880 using Buckinghamshire/Milton Keynes Historic landscape Characterisation data................................................................................................ 12 Figure 6: Dispersed settlement around Gerrards Cross ......................................................................... 13 Figure 7: Listed Buildings by century ...................................................................................................... 14 Figure 8: Historic maps............................................................................................................................ 15 Figure 9: Listed buildings by century...................................................................................................... 16 Figure 10: Location of archaeological interventions...............................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Just As the Priests Have Their Wives”: Priests and Concubines in England, 1375-1549
    “JUST AS THE PRIESTS HAVE THEIR WIVES”: PRIESTS AND CONCUBINES IN ENGLAND, 1375-1549 Janelle Werner A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2009 Approved by: Advisor: Professor Judith M. Bennett Reader: Professor Stanley Chojnacki Reader: Professor Barbara J. Harris Reader: Cynthia B. Herrup Reader: Brett Whalen © 2009 Janelle Werner ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT JANELLE WERNER: “Just As the Priests Have Their Wives”: Priests and Concubines in England, 1375-1549 (Under the direction of Judith M. Bennett) This project – the first in-depth analysis of clerical concubinage in medieval England – examines cultural perceptions of clerical sexual misbehavior as well as the lived experiences of priests, concubines, and their children. Although much has been written on the imposition of priestly celibacy during the Gregorian Reform and on its rejection during the Reformation, the history of clerical concubinage between these two watersheds has remained largely unstudied. My analysis is based primarily on archival records from Hereford, a diocese in the West Midlands that incorporated both English- and Welsh-speaking parishes and combines the quantitative analysis of documentary evidence with a close reading of pastoral and popular literature. Drawing on an episcopal visitation from 1397, the act books of the consistory court, and bishops’ registers, I argue that clerical concubinage occurred as frequently in England as elsewhere in late medieval Europe and that priests and their concubines were, to some extent, socially and culturally accepted in late medieval England.
    [Show full text]
  • Seasons at Amersham & Chiltern RFC
    seasons at Amersham & Chiltern RFC A HISTORY OF THE CLUB 1924-2004 seasons at Amersham & Chiltern RFC WRITTEN AND RESEARCHED BY ROGER COOK © Roger Cook 2004. Interviews, named articles and illustrations are copyright to the several contributors. 1 Eighty seasons at Amersham & Chiltern RFC Dedication Author’s introduction and acknowledgments n 1992, on a Saturday evening at the Chiltern clubhouse bar, his condensed history of Chiltern as in many previous seasons past Griff Griffiths was holding Rugby Football Club is dedicated to Icourt. He would have then been seventy seven years of age. “Someone in the club has to write down the club's history and I Arthur Gerald ‘Griff’ Griffiths who T am too old”. Several people had started, John Carpenter and Colin passed away in 1995. Maloney were names that Griff mentioned. From somewhere Griff fortunately had the opportunity to within, I suddenly heard myself volunteering for yet another job at the club. Roger Cook edit the initial collected stories and I feel Of the many varied tasks I have carried out around the club over the past thirty years, confident that his fear of losing the several have been very rewarding. But the satisfaction gained over the last twelve years spent connections with bygone days of the club in researching the first years of the club's history has surpassed all others by far. to which he was so devoted are My first box of information was passed down from John Carpenter. John when Chairman of the club in the 1980s had put together a brief history for a 65th anniversary appeal.
    [Show full text]
  • Accounts of the Constables of Bristol Castle
    BRISTOL RECORD SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS General Editor: PROFESSOR PATRICK MCGRATH, M.A., Assistant General Editor: MISS ELIZABETH RALPH, M .A., F.S.A. VOL. XXXIV ACCOUNTS OF THE CONSTABLES OF BRISTOL CASTLE IN 1HE THIRTEENTH AND EARLY FOURTEENTH CENTURIES ACCOUNTS OF THE CONSTABLES OF BRISTOL CASTLE IN THE THIR1EENTH AND EARLY FOUR1EENTH CENTURIES EDITED BY MARGARET SHARP Printed for the BRISTOL RECORD SOCIETY 1982 ISSN 0305-8730 © Margaret Sharp Produced for the Society by A1an Sutton Publishing Limited, Gloucester Printed in Great Britain by Redwood Burn Limited Trowbridge CONTENTS Page Abbreviations VI Preface XI Introduction Xlll Pandulf- 1221-24 1 Ralph de Wiliton - 1224-25 5 Burgesses of Bristol - 1224-25 8 Peter de la Mare - 1282-84 10 Peter de la Mare - 1289-91 22 Nicholas Fermbaud - 1294-96 28 Nicholas Fermbaud- 1300-1303 47 Appendix 1 - Lists of Lords of Castle 69 Appendix 2 - Lists of Constables 77 Appendix 3 - Dating 94 Bibliography 97 Index 111 ABBREVIATIONS Abbrev. Plac. Placitorum in domo Capitulari Westmon­ asteriensi asservatorum abbrevatio ... Ed. W. Dlingworth. Rec. Comm. London, 1811. Ann. Mon. Annales monastici Ed. H.R. Luard. 5v. (R S xxxvi) London, 1864-69. BBC British Borough Charters, 1216-1307. Ed. A. Ballard and J. Tait. 3v. Cambridge 1913-43. BOAS Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society Transactions (Author's name and the volume number quoted. Full details in bibliography). BIHR Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research. BM British Museum - Now British Library. Book of Fees Liber Feodorum: the Book of Fees com­ monly called Testa de Nevill 3v. HMSO 1920-31. Book of Seals Sir Christopher Hatton's Book of Seals Ed.
    [Show full text]
  • Buckinghamshire Historic Towns Project
    Amersham Historic Town Assessment Final Consultation Report 1 Appendix: Chronology & Glossary of Terms 1.1 Chronology (taken from Unlocking Buckinghamshire’s Past Website) For the purposes of this study, the period divisions correspond to those used by the Buckinghamshire and Milton Keynes Historic Environment Records. Broad Period Chronology Specific periods Palaeolithic Pre 10,000 BC Mesolithic 10,000 – 4000 BC 10,000 BC – AD Prehistoric Neolithic 4000 – 2350 BC 43 Bronze Age 2350 – 700 BC Iron Age 700 BC – AD 43 Roman AD 43 – AD 410 Roman Expedition by Julius Caesar 55 BC Saxon AD 410 – 1066 First recorded Viking raids AD 789 Battle of Hastings – Norman Conquest 1066 Medieval 1066 – 1536 Wars of the Roses – Start of Tudor 1485 period Built Environment: Medieval Pre 1536 Dissolution of the Monasteries 1536 and 1539 Civil War 1642-1651 Post Medieval 1536 – 1800 Built Environment: Post Medieval 1536-1850 Built Environment: Later Post Medieval 1700-1850 Victorian Period 1837-1901 World War I 1914-1918 World War II 1939-1945 Cold War 1946-1989 Modern 1800 - Present Built Environment: Early Modern 1850-1945 Built Environment: Post War period 1945-1980 Built Environment: Late modern-21st Post 1980 Century 1.2 Glossary of Terms Terms Definition Charter Official charter granted by the sovereign to legitimise a corporate body such as a (market) borough or to grant rights to a percentage of the revenue from a market or fair to a private individual Conservation An area of special architectural or historic interest the character or appearance of Area which it is desirable to preserve or enhance (Planning Act 1990) Domesday Rapid survey of the agricultural estates and manorial holdings for England.
    [Show full text]
  • Welsh Contacts with the Papacy Before the Edwardian Conquest, C. 1283
    WELSH CONTACTS WITH THE PAPACY BEFORE THE EDWARDIAN CONQUEST, C. 1283 Bryn Jones A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2019 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18284 This item is protected by original copyright Welsh contacts with the Papacy before the Edwardian Conquest, c. 1283 Bryn Jones This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) at the University of St Andrews June 2019 Candidate's declaration I, Bryn Jones, do hereby certify that this thesis, submitted for the degree of PhD, which is approximately 80,000 words in length, has been written by me, and that it is the record of work carried out by me, or principally by myself in collaboration with others as acknowledged, and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for any degree. I was admitted as a research student at the University of St Andrews in September 2009. I received funding from an organisation or institution and have acknowledged the funder(s) in the full text of my thesis. Date Signature of candidate Supervisor's declaration I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of PhD in the University of St Andrews and that the candidate is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree.
    [Show full text]
  • The London Gazette, Issue 42575, Page
    THE LONDON GAZETTE, 19ra JANUARY 1962 521 of 9 a.m. and S p.m. on Mondays to Fridays in- much of the map as relates to each borough, urban clusive and 1'1.30 a.m. on Sa,turdays. district and rural district affected may be inspected Any objection or representation witih reference to at all reasonable hours at the addresses shown below: the proposal may be sent in writing to the Secretary, M'nistry of Housing and Local Government, White- Aylesbury Borough. The Town Clerk's Office. hail, London S.W.I, before the 3rd day of March Municipal 'Offices, Aylesbury. L962, amd any such objection or representation should Wolverton Urban District. The Office of the Clerk state the grounds on which it is made. Persons of the Wolverton Urban District Council, Market making an objection or representation may register 'Square, Stony Stratford. tiheir names and addresses with the undersigned and Aylesbury Rural District. The Police Office, will! tihen be entitled to receive notice of any amend- Aylestoury Road, Wendover. ment of Itihe Development Plain made as a result oif Newport Pagnell Rural District. The Post Office, the proposal. 37 Market Place, Olney. Winslow 'Rural District. The Office of the Clerk Dated itlhis 19th day of January 1962. of the Winslow 'Rural District Council, 28-30 C. P. H. McCali, 'Clerk of the County Council. High Street, Winslow. Chesham Urban District. The Office of the Clerk County Hall, Preston. of the Chesham Urban District Council, Council (586) Offices, High Street, Chesham. Amersham Rural District. The Office of the Clerk of the Amersham Rural District' Council, ANGLESEY COUNTY COUNCIL Elmodesham House, High Street, Amersham.
    [Show full text]
  • 1104 the LONDON GAZETTE, 12Fh FEBRUARY 1'960
    1104 THE LONDON GAZETTE, 12fH FEBRUARY 1'960 METROPOLITAN BOROUGH OF southern end, SD.S2c, SD.5S for 200 yards from its SHOREDITCH western end, SD.59 from the Stratford-on-Avon— Banbury Road A.422 to iCoombe Farm and from a Confirmation of Byelaws as to point 100 yard's north of iBeedham Farm to the (i) The Regulation of Street Trading Stratford-on-Avon—Shipston-on-Stour Road A.34, SD.64a from Stratford-on-Avon—-Shipston-on-Stour (ii) Street Trading Charges Road A.34 to Grove Farm, SD.6S for 132 yards from Notice is hereby given that the Council of the Metro- Short Lane, SD.75a from the Warwick—Moreton-in- politan Borough of .Shoreditch intend, after the expiry Marsh Road A.429 to Whitfield Farm, S'D.76 for SO of the period mentioned below, to apply to the Secre- yards at its western end, &D.77 from the Stratford-on- tary of State for confirmation of Byelaws relative to Avon—Loxley Road to Pasture Farm Cottage, SD.77a the (Regulation of Street Trading and to the amount for 60 yards from its eastern end and from Grovehill of the charges which the Council are authorised to Farm to SD.77, SGD.78 for a length of 120 yards to make for services rendered and expenses incurred by the north of Glebe Farm. SO.78a from the Stratford- them in connection with Street Trading in the on-Avon—Loxley Road to Oldborough Farm,. SO.80 Borough. from the Warwick—Moreton-in-Marsh -Road to Oak- ham Farm, SO.SOc, SD.97e for 320 yards from its Copies of the Byelaws will be kept at the Town northern end, SD.110 for 200 yards at its southern Hall, Old Street, London E.C.I, and will be open to end, SO.
    [Show full text]
  • 3094 the London Gazette, 26Th March 1965
    3094 THE LONDON GAZETTE, 26TH MARCH 1965 The Revised Map and Statement in definitive form substantially prejudiced by a failure to comply with may be inspected at the .offices of the County any such requirement as aforesaid, may make an Surveyor, County Offices, Aylesbury, at all reasonable Order declaring that, notwithstanding anything con- hours. A copy of so much of the Revised Map tained in the said Part IV, the definitive map shall and Statement in definitive form as relates to each not be conclusive evidence of any such matter as borough, urban district and rural district may be may be specified in the Order. inspected at all reasonable hours ait the following R. E. Millard, Clerk of .the Bucks County addresses: Council. Aylesbury Borough. The Town Clerk's Office, County Hall, Aylesbury. Municipal Offices, Aylesbury. Buckingham Borough. The Town Clerk's Office, 26th March 1965. Town Hall, Buckingham. (383) Blatch'ley Urban District. The Office of the Clerk of the Bletchley Urban District Council, Council Offices, Bletchley. Linslade Urban District. The Office of the Clerk KENT COUNTY COUNCIL of the "Wing Rural District Council, Brooklands, Leighton Road, Linslade. National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act, Newport Pagnell Urban District. The Office of the 1949 Clerk of the Newport Pagnell Urban District Provisional Map of Public Rights of Way Council, 60 High .Street, Newport Pagnell. Notice is hereby given that in accordance with Wolveitton Urban District. The Office of the Clerk section 30 of the National Parks and Access to the of the Wolverton Urban District Council, Market Countryside Act, 1949, the Kent County Council Square, Stony Stratford.
    [Show full text]
  • Durham E-Theses
    Durham E-Theses The constitution and the clergy op Beverley minster in the middle ages McDermid, R. T. W. How to cite: McDermid, R. T. W. (1980) The constitution and the clergy op Beverley minster in the middle ages, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7616/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk II BEVERIEY MINSTER FROM THE SOUTH Three main phases of building are visible: from the East End up to, and including, the main transepts, thirteenth century (commenced c.1230); the nave, fourteenth century (commenced 1308); the West Front, first half of the fifteenth century. The whole was thus complete by 1450. iPBE CONSTIOOTION AED THE CLERGY OP BEVERLEY MINSTER IN THE MIDDLE AGES. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be pubHshed without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract and Illustrations
    Abstract anti Elustrattons* Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.40.219, on 23 Sep 2021 at 20:28:30, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2042169900015777 THE title of this document, announcing that it contains an account of the household expenses of Richard, Bishop of Hereford, drawn up by John de Kemeseye, his chaplain, from Friday, the morrow after the feast of Saint Michael, 1289, to the said feast, 1290, presents several matters for inquiry and explanation. Before we enter upon its details, it may be observed, that the style of living and scale of expenditure here exhibited obviously suggest some investigation as to the origin of those means by which such an establish- ment was supported. The information to be obtained upon this subject is far from ample, but may be sufficient to afford a cursory view of this bishopric at a remote period, and some of the various changes it had under- gone in arriving at the condition in which it existed under Richard de Swinfield. As in every stage of society man must derive his primary sustenance from the earth and the waters, so in early and uncivilised times they were the most advantageously circumstanced who enjoyed the widest range of field, forest, and river; and princes, whose territories were wide in propor- tion to their population, made ample gifts to those whom they desired to establish in consequence and dependence. This was especially the case with regard to the Church, where Christianity prevailed, for they were influenced by the belief that what they conferred upon it was given to God and for their own eternal welfare.
    [Show full text]
  • WW2 Bombs Over Bucks
    Bombs over Buckinghamshire Bombs and crashed aircraft The fires of the London blitz could be seen as far away as Waddesdon, but happily Buckinghamshire escaped relatively unscathed. A comparison of the figures of peo- ple who died in the Blitz makes this clear: People killed during the period of the Blitz, 26 June – 31December 1940: London 23000 Buckinghamshire 33 Nonetheless, around 1700 high explosive bombs and 4200 incendiaries were dropped within the county in this period, chiefly in the south and east, and 200 houses were destroyed or seriously damaged. After 1940 the number of incidents diminished but bombs continued to be dropped from time to time in various parts of the county and, beginning in June 1944, 27 V1 flying bombs landed in Bucks. Bomb in Aylesbury A land mine was dropped on the night of 25th September 1940 and landed in Walton Street, Aylesbury, causing considerable damage. The initial report stated that there were “a number of casualties” but did not give more details. A letter about the bomb damage was sent to the regional officer by Colonel M O Clarke, the ARP chief officer for the county. It shows that the land mine fell on a coal store at the back of Walton Grange and not Walton Pond as is commonly be- lieved. (ref AR 59/90/2/2) Photograph of the damage (ref D/HWV 131) Other Incidents Not all bombs dropped exploded immediately. The following report records a lucky escape by people in Great Missenden High Street. (from report 27/9/40 from AR 59/90 2/2) Report of A.R.P.
    [Show full text]
  • 5636 the London Gazette, 5 October, 1956
    5636 THE LONDON GAZETTE, 5 OCTOBER, 1956 The effect of the Order will be to extinguish the it is not within the powers of the National Parks- Public Right of Way from Jubilee Road to Saint and (Access to the Countryside Act, 1949, or on the Vincent's Church for a distance of 258 yards. ground1 that any requirement of the Act or any A certified copy of the Order, and of the map con- regulation made thereunder has not been complied tained in the Order, has been deposited at the offices with in relation to the approval of the Order, h& of the Bridge-Blean Rural District Council, 41, Old may, within six weeks from the date of publication Dover Road, Canterbury, and will be open for of this notice, make application to the High Court. inspection free of charge between the hours of 9 a.m. and 1 p.m., and 2.15 p.m. and 5 p.m., from Monday SCHEDULE. to Friday inclusive, and 9 a.m. to 12 noon on Public Rights of Way to be extinguished. Saturdays. (a) That length of public footpath from a point Any objection or representation with reference 530 yards or thereabouts north of Park Farm, to the Order may be sent in writing to the Secre- 'Langhurstwood Road, in the Parish of Horsham tary, Ministry of Housing and Local Government, Rural, in the County of Sussex, for a distance of Whitehall, London, S.W.I, before the 5th day of 1,055 yards or thereabouts in a general northerly November, 1956, and any such objection or repre- direction to a point where the said right of way sentation should state the grounds on which it is intersects the southern boundary of land comprising made.
    [Show full text]