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Researching Stonehenge: Theories Past and Present
Parker Pearson, M 2013 Researching Stonehenge: Theories Past and Present. Archaeology International, No. 16 (2012-2013): 72-83, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ai.1601 ARTICLE Researching Stonehenge: Theories Past and Present Mike Parker Pearson* Over the years archaeologists connected with the Institute of Archaeology and UCL have made substantial contributions to the study of Stonehenge, the most enigmatic of all the prehistoric stone circles in Britain. Two of the early researchers were Petrie and Childe. More recently, colleagues in UCL’s Anthropology department – Barbara Bender and Chris Tilley – have also studied and written about the monument in its landscape. Mike Parker Pearson, who joined the Institute in 2012, has been leading a 10-year-long research programme on Stonehenge and, in this paper, he outlines the history and cur- rent state of research. Petrie and Childe on Stonehenge William Flinders Petrie (Fig. 1) worked on Stonehenge between 1874 and 1880, publishing the first accurate plan of the famous stones as a young man yet to start his career in Egypt. His numbering system of the monument’s many sarsens and blue- stones is still used to this day, and his slim book, Stonehenge: Plans, Descriptions, and Theories, sets out theories and observations that were innovative and insightful. Denied the opportunity of excavating Stonehenge, Petrie had relatively little to go on in terms of excavated evidence – the previous dig- gings had yielded few prehistoric finds other than antler picks – but he suggested that four theories could be considered indi- vidually or in combination for explaining Stonehenge’s purpose: sepulchral, religious, astronomical and monumental. -
Durham Research Online
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 17 January 2014 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Towers, J. and Montgomery, J. and Evans, J. and Jay, M. and Pearson, M.P. (2010) 'An investigation of the origins of cattle and aurochs deposited in the Early Bronze Age barrows at Gayhurst and Irthlingborough.', Journal of archaeological science., 37 (3). pp. 508-515. Further information on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2009.10.012 Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of archaeological science. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A denitive version was subsequently published in Journal of archaeological science, 37,3, 20 2010, 10.1016/j.jas.2009.10.012 Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. -
Theory and Practice in Archaeology
THEORY AND PRACTICE IN ARCHAEOLOGY This book aims to show through a series of examples that an interpretive archaeology dealing with past meanings can be applied in practice to archaeological data, and that it can also contribute effectively to social practice in the world of today. Seven of the nineteen contributions included have been specifically written for this volume to act as an overview of the way archaeology has developed over the last ten years. Yet Ian Hodder goes beyond this: he aims to break down the separation of theory and practice and to reconcile the division between the intellectual and the ‘dirt’ archaeologist. Faced with public controversy over the ownership and interpretation of the past, archaeology needs a clear image of itself, be able to gain funding, win public confidence and manage the heritage professionally and sensitively. Hodder asserts that archaeologists cannot afford to ignore general theory in favour of practice any more than they can afford an ivory-tower approach. Theoretical debate is important to any discipline, particularly in archaeology, if it is not to become complacent, self-interested and uncritical Theory and Practice in Archaeology captures and extends the lively debate of the 1980s over symbolic and structural approaches to archaeology. It will be essential reading for students of archaeology and for those involved in, and responsible for, heritage management. Ian Hodder is a Reader in Archaeology at the University of Cambridge, a Fellow of Darwin College and a Director of the Cambridge -
Secrets of the High Woods: Landscapes and Lasers
THE NEWSLETTERAST OF THE PREHISTORIC SOCIETY P Registered Office: University College London, Institute of Archaeology, 31–34 Gordon Square, London WC1H 0PY http://www.prehistoricsociety.org/ Secrets of the High Woods: Landscapes and Lasers Introduction fieldscapes, or testified by historic cartography and ancient The South Downs National Park Authority is hosting a documents. However, many more sites have been suspected Heritage Lottery funded community archaeology project. to have been concealed below woodland – and Lidar has “Secrets of the High Woods” is exploring 305 km² of the provided the ideal tool to help explore the hidden landscapes South Downs using specially commissioned high resolution below the trees. airborne Laser scanning data – with spectacular results. Landscapes and lasers The open pasture land of the South Downs has long been Lidar captures three dimensional terrain data, and at 0.25 m recognised as one of our richest archaeological landscapes, resolution the data set is one of the largest and most detailed popular with casual visitors and academic researchers commissioned for archaeological research to date. Highly alike. However, the archaeology of the central area of the accurate models of the landscape are generated and researchers South Downs National Park, characterised by the ancient can digitally “strip away” tree cover, revealing the form of the woodlands and forestry plantations of great private estates, ground surface below. is much less well known. The models have revealed a complex, palimpsestual archae Historically, scholars working in this landscape have revealed ological landscape. They contain so much detail that a fascinating traces of the past, often visible as monuments National Mapping Programme has been essential to provide in areas of open pasture, or as ephemeral traces in arable a baseline quantification and qualification of the resource. -
Burial and Identity in the Late Neolithic And
Burial and identity in the Late Neolithic and Copper Age of south-east Europe Susan Stratton Thesis submitted in candidature for the degree of PhD Cardiff University March 2016 CONTENTS List of figures…………………………………………………………………………7 List of tables………………………………………………………………………….14 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 16 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................... 17 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 18 2 Archaeological study of mortuary practice ........................................................................... 22 2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 22 2.2 Culture history ................................................................................................................... 22 2.3 Status and hierarchy – the processualist preoccupations ............................................ 26 2.4 Post-processualists and messy human relationships .................................................... 36 2.5 Feminism and the emergence of gender archaeology .................................................. 43 2.6 Personhood, identity and memory ................................................................................ -
British Archaeological Reports
British Archaeological Reports Gordon House, 276 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 7ED, England Tel +44 (0) 1865 311914 Fax +44 (0) 1865 512231 [email protected] www.archaeopress.com TITLES IN PRINT JANUARY 2013 – BAR INTERNATIONAL SERIES The BAR series of archaeological monographs were started in 1974 by Anthony Hands and David Walker. From 1991, the publishers have been Tempus Reparatum, Archaeopress and John and Erica Hedges. From 2010 they are published exclusively by Archaeopress. Descriptions of the Archaeopress titles are to be found on www.archaeopress.com Publication proposals to [email protected] Sign up to our ALERTS SERVICE Find us on Facebook www.facebook.com/Archaeopress. and Twitter www.twitter.com/archaeopress BAR –S545, 1989 Ecology, Settlement and History in the Osmore Drainage, Peru edited by Don S. Rice, Charles Stanish and Philip R. Scarr. ISBN 0 86054 692 6. £42.00. BAR –S546, 1989 Formal Variation in Australian Spear and Spearthrower Technology by B. J. Cundy. ISBN 0 86054 693 4. £13.00. BAR –S547, 1989 The Early Roman Frontier in the Upper Rhine Area Assimilation and Acculturation on a Roman Frontier by Marcia L. Okun. ISBN 0 86054 694 2. £25.00. BAR –S548, 1989 Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology 1989 edited by Sebastian Rahtz and Julian Richards. ISBN 0 86054 695 0. £29.00. BAR –S549, 1989 La Colonización Griega en Sicilia Griegos, Indígenas y Púnicos en la Sicilia Arcaica: Interacción por Adopho J. Dominguez. ISBN 0 86054 696 9. £58.00. BAR –S550, 1989 Art, Death and Social Order The Mortuary Arts of Pre-Conquest Central Panama by Peter S. -
The Sarsen Stones of Stonehenge
Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association 127 (2016) 363–369 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pgeola The sarsen stones of Stonehenge Mike Parker Pearson * UCL Institute of Archaeology, 31-34 Gordon Square, London WC1H 0PY, United Kingdom A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Around 4500 years ago, some 80 large blocks of silcrete or ‘sarsen’ were erected at Stonehenge during its Received 1 January 2015 second stage of construction. Stonehenge is the only prehistoric stone circle to have its stones dressed, Received in revised form 29 June 2015 and debris from this stone-dressing has been found on the north side of the monument. Numerous Accepted 1 July 2015 locations have been proposed for the origin of these sarsens, from the immediate locality to more distant Available online 2 September 2015 areas of east Somerset and north Wiltshire about 30 km (18 miles) away, but geological provenancing of Stonehenge’s silcrete monoliths has so far been largely unsuccessful. The suspected sources are, Keywords: however, much closer than those of Stonehenge’s ‘bluestones’, over 200 km (125 miles) away in west Sarsen Wales. That said, the sarsens are much heavier than the 1–2 tonne bluestones. For more than 300 years, Silcrete Stonehenge researchers have suspected that the main sources of Stonehenge’s sarsens were deposits of silcrete on Neolithic the highest points of the Marlborough Downs, 30 km (18 miles) north of Stonehenge. Antiquarian Britain records of a group of sarsens at Clatford Bottom, at the foot of the Downs, suggest that these may have been abandoned in transit to Stonehenge. -
Curriculum Vitae - Ian Hodder
CURRICULUM VITAE - IAN HODDER Date of Birth: 23rd November 1948 Nationality: British Career Details 1968-71 B.A. degree in Prehistoric Archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, London University. Received First Class Honours Degree. 1971-75 Research leading to Ph.D. at Cambridge University, on the subject of ‘spatial analysis in archaeology'. 1974-77 Lecturer in the Department of Archaeology, University of Leeds. 1977-99 University Assistant Lecturer, University Lecturer (1981), Reader in Prehistory (1990), Professor of Archaeology (1996 - 9) in the Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge. 1999- Professor of Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, and Co-Director and Director of the Archaeology Center (to 2009). Dunlevie Family Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences (2002-) Other Appointments and Fellowships 1984 - 1989 Adjunct Assistant Professor of Anthropology at State University of New York, Binghamton. 1986 - 1994 Adjunct Professor and Visiting Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. 1980 (6 months) Visiting Professor, Van Giffen Institute for Pre- and Proto-history, Amsterdam. 1985 (6 months) Visiting Professor, University of Paris I -Sorbonne (U.E.R. d'Art et d'Archéologie). 1987(6 months) Fellow at Centre for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California. 1990 - 2001 Fellow of Darwin College, Cambridge. 1996 - Fellow of the British Academy. 1 2005 – 2006 Guggenheim Fellow. 2007 - Honorary Professor, Institute of Archaeology, University College, London. 2009 (3 months) Visiting Fellow, Magdalen College, Oxford. 2010 (3 months) Visiting Professor, Maison des Sciences de l’Homme and Associate Professor at University of Paris I –Sorbonne. 2010 (6 months) Senior Residential Fellow in Research Center for Anatolian Civilization, Koç University, Istanbul. -
Feeding Stonehenge: Feasting in Late Neolithic Britain
This is a repository copy of Feeding Stonehenge: Feasting in Late Neolithic Britain. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/112443/ Version: Published Version Book Section: Albarella, U. orcid.org/0000-0001-5092-0532, Parker Pearson, M., Pollard, J. et al. (6 more authors) (2011) Feeding Stonehenge: Feasting in Late Neolithic Britain. In: Aranda Jiménez, G., Montón-Subías, S. and Sánchez Romero, M., (eds.) Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner. Feasting rituals in the prehistoric societies of Europe and the Near East. Oxbow Books , Oxford , pp. 73-90. Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ his pdf of your paper in Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner belongs to the publishers Oxbow Books and it is their copyright. -
The Age of Stonehenge
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by NERC Open Research Archive The Age of Stonehenge Mike Parker Pearson1, Ros Cleal2, Josh Pollard3, Colin Richards4, Julian Thomas, Chris Tilley5, Kate Welham6, Andrew Chamberlain, Carolyn Chenery7, Jane Evans, Janet Montgomery8 & Mike Richards9 The date of Stonehenge’s sarsen circle and trilithons has never been satisfactorily established. This detailed re-examination of the monument’s stratigraphy identifies flaws in previous excavators’ interpretations, leading to a revision of the stratigraphic sequence and re-dating of this important phase(Phase 3ii) to 2620-2480 BC. Implications of this include the presence of Beaker pottery in Britain before 2500 BC, the relatively late adoption of an inhumation rite after 2470 BC for the Amesbury Archer and other early Beaker burials, and the possible contemporaneity of Stonehenge Phase 3ii with nearby Durrington Walls. The paper outlines two new initiatives: the Beaker People Project (analysing mobility, migration and diet in the late third millennium BC) and the Stonehenge Riverside Project (summarizing results of new excavations at Durrington Walls). Key words: Stonehenge, Durrington Walls, radiocarbon dating, Beakers Introduction The date of Stonehenge remains a matter of dispute. There is no agreement amongst archaeologists as to whether the sarsen stones were erected as early as 2600-2500 BC (Parker Pearson et al. in press), in the period after 2550 BC (Cleal et al. 1995: 167) or even towards the end of the millennium around 2300 BC or later (Pitts 2000: 144; Case 1997: 164). This is perhaps surprising, given the success of the 1994 dating programme which produced three of the four accepted radiocarbon dates from contexts associated with the erection of the sarsen circle and the trilithons (Phase 3ii; Cleal et al. -
Program of the 82Nd Annual Meeting
PROGRAM OF THE 82ND ANNUAL MEETING March 29–April 2, 2017 Vancouver, BC, Canada THE ANNUAL MEETING of the Society for American Archaeology provides a forum for the dissemination of knowledge and discussion. The views expressed at the sessions are solely those of the speakers and the Society does not endorse, approve, or censor them. Descriptions of events and titles are those of the organizers, not the Society. Program of the 82nd Annual Meeting Published by the Society for American Archaeology 1111 14th Street NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20005-5622 USA Tel: +1 202/789-8200 Fax: +1 202/789-0284 E-mail: [email protected] WWW: http://www.saa.org Copyright © 2017 Society for American Archaeology. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted in any form or by any means without prior permission from the publisher. Contents 4 ............. Awards Presentation and Annual Business Meeting Agenda 5 ............. 2017 Award Recipients 15 ........... Maps 24 ........... Meeting Organizers, SAA Board of Directors, and SAA Staff 27 ........... General Information 29 ........... Featured Sessions 31 ........... Summary Schedule 36 ........... A Word about the Sessions 37 ........... Sessions at a Glance 45 ........... Program 251 ......... SAA Awards, Scholarships, and Fellowships 260 ......... Presidents of SAA 261 ......... Annual Meeting Sites 262 ......... Exhibit Map 263 ......... Exhibitor Directory 274 ......... SAA Committees and Task Forces 281 ......... Index of Participants Awards Presentation and Annual Business Meeting MARCH 31, 2017 5:00 PM Call to Order Call for Approval of Minutes of the 2016 Annual Business Meeting Remarks President Diane Gifford-Gonzalez Reports Treasurer Deborah Nichols Secretary Patricia Gilman Executive Director Tobi A. -
The Stonehenge Riverside Project Research Design and Initial Results
Journal of Nordic Archaeological Science 14, pp. 45–60 (2004) The Stonehenge Riverside project Research design and initial results Mike Parker Pearson*1, Colin Richards2, Mike Allen3, Andrew Payne4 & Kate Welham5 * Corresponding author ([email protected]) 1 Dept of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Northgate House, West street, Sheffield, S1 4ET, UK 2 Dept of Archaeology & Art History, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK 3 Wessex Archaeology, Portway House, Old Sarum, Salisbury, UK 4 English Heritage, Fort Cumberland, Eastney, Portsmouth, UK 5 School of Conservation Sciences, University of Bournemouth, Bournemouth, UK Stonehenge was in use throughout the third millennium , within a land- scape of linked Neolithic and Early Bronze Age timber, chalk and earth monu- ments. Its stone phase began probably in the mid-third millennium and its famous sarsens were erected around the same time that the henge enclosure of Durrington Walls with its timber circles was constructed three miles upstream along the River Avon. The river may have been significant as a link between the living and the dead, represented in the use of perishable wood and per- manent stone materials. This theory has been elaborated to develop expecta- tions about the landscape which may be investigated on the ground. One of these is the expectation that Durrington Walls was connected to the river by an access in a similar way that Stonehenge is linked to the river by the Avenue. This paper sets out the research design for a new project “Stonehenge river- side” and reports on the findings of the 2003 field season. Keywords: Stonehenge, Woodhenge, Neolithic, Bronze Age, landscape, monuments “For what it’s worth, I predict that one day this cen- methods such as geophysical survey (David & Payne tury there will be a hugely important archaeological 1997), archive research (Cleal et al.