Quercus Pubescens), Pedunculate Oak (Q
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Morphometric Leaf Variation in Oaks (Quercus) of Bolu, Turkey
Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 233–242 ISSN 0003-3847 Helsinki 29 August 2003 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2003 Morphometric leaf variation in oaks (Quercus) of Bolu, Turkey Aydın Borazan & Mehmet T. Babaç Department of Biology, Abant |zzet Baysal University, Gölköy 14280 Bolu, Turkey (e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]) Received 16 Sep. 2002, revised version received 7 Jan. 2003, accepted 10 Jan. 2003 Borazan, A. & Babaç, M. T. 2003: Morphometric leaf variation in oaks (Quercus) of Bolu, Turkey. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 233–242. Genus Quercus (Fagaceae) has a problematic taxonomy because of widespread hybridization between the infrageneric taxa. The pattern of morphological leaf varia- tion was evaluated for evidence of hybridization in Bolu, Turkey, since previous stud- ies suggested that in oaks leaf morphology is a good indicator of putative hybridiza- tion. Principal components analysis was applied to data sets of leaf characters from fi ve populations to describe variation in leaf morphology. Leaf characters analyzed in this study showed high degrees of variation as a result of hybridization between four taxa (Q. pubescens, Q. virgiliana, Q. petraea and Q. robur) of subgenus Quercus while Q. cerris as a member of subgenus Cerris was clearly separated from the others. Key words: hybridization, morphological leaf variation, principal components analy- sis, Quercus Introduction in regions of mild and warm temperate climates. Fossil leaves indicate that todayʼs several major In the northern hemisphere oaks (Quercus) are oak groups are at least 40 million years old. Gen- conspicuous members of the temperate decidu- eral distribution of fossil ancestors supports the ous, broad leaved forests. -
What Is a Tree in the Mediterranean Basin Hotspot? a Critical Analysis
Médail et al. Forest Ecosystems (2019) 6:17 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-019-0170-6 RESEARCH Open Access What is a tree in the Mediterranean Basin hotspot? A critical analysis Frédéric Médail1* , Anne-Christine Monnet1, Daniel Pavon1, Toni Nikolic2, Panayotis Dimopoulos3, Gianluigi Bacchetta4, Juan Arroyo5, Zoltán Barina6, Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh7, Gianniantonio Domina8, Bruno Fady9, Vlado Matevski10, Stephen Mifsud11 and Agathe Leriche1 Abstract Background: Tree species represent 20% of the vascular plant species worldwide and they play a crucial role in the global functioning of the biosphere. The Mediterranean Basin is one of the 36 world biodiversity hotspots, and it is estimated that forests covered 82% of the landscape before the first human impacts, thousands of years ago. However, the spatial distribution of the Mediterranean biodiversity is still imperfectly known, and a focus on tree species constitutes a key issue for understanding forest functioning and develop conservation strategies. Methods: We provide the first comprehensive checklist of all native tree taxa (species and subspecies) present in the Mediterranean-European region (from Portugal to Cyprus). We identified some cases of woody species difficult to categorize as trees that we further called “cryptic trees”. We collected the occurrences of tree taxa by “administrative regions”, i.e. country or large island, and by biogeographical provinces. We studied the species-area relationship, and evaluated the conservation issues for threatened taxa following IUCN criteria. Results: We identified 245 tree taxa that included 210 species and 35 subspecies, belonging to 33 families and 64 genera. It included 46 endemic tree taxa (30 species and 16 subspecies), mainly distributed within a single biogeographical unit. -
From Genes to Genomes: Botanic Gardens Embracing New Tools for Conservation and Research Volume 18 • Number 1
Journal of Botanic Gardens Conservation International Volume 18 • Number 1 • February 2021 From genes to genomes: botanic gardens embracing new tools for conservation and research Volume 18 • Number 1 IN THIS ISSUE... EDITORS Suzanne Sharrock EDITORIAL: Director of Global Programmes FROM GENES TO GENOMES: BOTANIC GARDENS EMBRACING NEW TOOLS FOR CONSERVATION AND RESEARCH .... 03 Morgan Gostel Research Botanist, FEATURES Fort Worth Botanic Garden Botanical Research Institute of Texas and Director, GGI-Gardens NEWS FROM BGCI .... 06 Jean Linksy FEATURED GARDEN: THE NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Magnolia Consortium Coordinator, ECOLOGICAL PARK & BOTANIC GARDENS .... 09 Atlanta Botanical Garden PLANT HUNTING TALES: GARDENS AND THEIR LESSONS: THE JOURNAL OF A BOTANY STUDENT Farahnoz Khojayori .... 13 Cover Photo: Young and aspiring scientists assist career scientists in sampling plants at the U.S. Botanic Garden for TALKING PLANTS: JONATHAN CODDINGTON, the Global Genome Initiative (U.S. Botanic Garden). DIRECTOR OF THE GLOBAL GENOME INITIATIVE .... 16 Design: Seascape www.seascapedesign.co.uk BGjournal is published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI). It is published twice a year. Membership is open to all interested individuals, institutions and organisations that support the aims of BGCI. Further details available from: ARTICLES • Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3BW UK. Tel: +44 (0)20 8332 5953, Fax: +44 (0)20 8332 5956, E-mail: [email protected], www.bgci.org BANKING BOTANICAL BIODIVERSITY WITH THE GLOBAL GENOME • BGCI (US) Inc, The Huntington Library, BIODIVERSITY NETWORK (GGBN) Art Collections and Botanical Gardens, Ole Seberg, Gabi Dröge, Jonathan Coddington and Katharine Barker .... 19 1151 Oxford Rd, San Marino, CA 91108, USA. -
NGS Report Explained
Jonah Ventures NGS Report Files Explained Summary data The % of base pairs in the Sample identifiers Exact Sequence Variant sequence that match to the The detected Exact Sequence Variant Consensus Taxonomy The detected Numbers after the decimal point unique identifier species in the library. sequence. represent lab replicates of the same Taxonomic ranking from the Number of species sample. library matched to each sequence. matching the sequence at a given level. ESV Family Genus Species %match # Species Sequence S10001.1 S10002.1 S10003.1 S10003.2 ESV_000080 Fagaceae Quercus NA 100 7 AAAAAG… 3066 1340 5780 3462 ESV_000818 Orobanchaceae Orthocarpus Orthocarpus luteus 100 1 AAAAAG… 0 2582 249 0 ESV_000006 Poaceae NA NA 100 77 GAAAAG… 584 101 0 1039 ESV_000050 Poaceae NA NA 100 12 GAAAAG… 1328 0 0 0 ESV_000308 Polygonaceae Polygonum Polygonum humifusum 100 2 AAAAAG… 902 0 0 278 ESV_000027 Polygonaceae Eriogonum Eriogonum umbellatum 100 1 ATAAAG… 341 124 282 381 ESV_000520 Polygonaceae Fallopia Fallopia multiflora 99 1 AAAAAG… 126 0 0 994 “NA” at a taxonomic ranks means multiple species present in The number in each cell is the absolute number of the sample differ in that taxonomic rank times a given sequence was read by the sequencer. ESV detail Exact Sequence Variant The % of base pairs in the sequence that match to the species. Index identification number. that match to the species. Each sample has an Species Taxonomy 100% indicates all base pairs matched individual index number. ESV GB_ID Phylum Order Family Genus Species %match ESV_000818 -
Response of Downy Oak (Quercus Pubescens Willd.) to Climate Change: Transcriptome Assembly, Differential Gene Analysis and Targe
plants Article Response of Downy Oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) to Climate Change: Transcriptome Assembly, Differential Gene Analysis and Targeted Metabolomics Jean-Philippe Mevy 1,*, Beatrice Loriod 2, Xi Liu 3, Erwan Corre 3, Magali Torres 2, Michael Büttner 4, Anne Haguenauer 1, Ilja Marco Reiter 5, Catherine Fernandez 1 and Thierry Gauquelin 1 1 CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Avignon University, IRD, IMBE, 13331 Marseille, France; [email protected] (A.H.); [email protected] (C.F.); [email protected] (T.G.) 2 TGML-TAGC—Inserm UMR1090 Aix-Marseille Université 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France; [email protected] (B.L.); [email protected] (M.T.) 3 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424, ABiMS platform, Station Biologique, 29680 Roscoff, France; xi.liu@sb-roscoff.fr (X.L.); erwan.corre@sb-roscoff.fr (E.C.) 4 Metabolomics Core Technology Platform Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; [email protected] 5 Research Federation ECCOREV FR3098, CNRS, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +33-0413550766 Received: 20 July 2020; Accepted: 1 September 2020; Published: 4 September 2020 Abstract: Global change scenarios in the Mediterranean basin predict a precipitation reduction within the coming hundred years. Therefore, increased drought will affect forests both in terms of adaptive ecology and ecosystemic services. However, how vegetation might adapt to drought is poorly understood. In this report, four years of climate change was simulated by excluding 35% of precipitation above a downy oak forest. -
Quercus Robur and Quercus Petraea
Quercus robur and Quercus petraea Quercus robur and Quercus petraea in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats E. Eaton, G. Caudullo, S. Oliveira, D. de Rigo these oaks can mix, compete and naturally hybridise with other Mediterranean oaks, such as Quercus pubescens and Quercus Quercus robur L., (pedunculate oak) and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., (sessile oak) are common broadleaved tree frainetto, even if at relatively low rates12. Both oaks occur at species in Europe, found from Scandinavia to the Iberian Peninsula. The two species are quite similar in appearance and higher elevations in southern regions: Q. robur is recorded to grow have a broadly overlapping range. Oak trees have cultural significance for people throughout Europe and the trees or up to 1 300 m in the Alps13, while Q. petraea is more montane leaves are frequently used in national or regional symbols. Oak trees can live for more than 1 000 years and grow to and in southern Turkey can reach over 2 000 m4, 14, 15. Due to the be 30 to 40 m in height. The wood from oaks is hard and durable and has been valued for centuries. It is favoured for substantial human interest and usage of the species over many construction and for wine and spirit barrels; historically it was a major source of ship timbers. Recently, concerns have centuries, there is widespread disturbance in their distribution, and arisen about the fate of oaks in the face of Acute Oak Decline, a little understood syndrome. the structure of their original forests is highly uncertain16. Q. -
Using Hierarchical Spatial Models to Assess the Occurrence of an Island Endemism: the Case of Salamandra Corsica Daniel Escoriza1* and Axel Hernandez2
Escoriza and Hernandez Ecological Processes (2019) 8:15 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-019-0169-5 RESEARCH Open Access Using hierarchical spatial models to assess the occurrence of an island endemism: the case of Salamandra corsica Daniel Escoriza1* and Axel Hernandez2 Abstract Background: Island species are vulnerable to rapid extinction, so it is important to develop accurate methods to determine their occurrence and habitat preferences. In this study, we assessed two methods for modeling the occurrence of the Corsican endemic Salamandra corsica, based on macro-ecological and fine habitat descriptors. We expected that models based on habitat descriptors would better estimate S. corsica occurrence, because its distribution could be influenced by micro-environmental gradients. The occurrence of S. corsica was modeled according to two ensembles of variables using random forests. Results: Salamandra corsica was mainly found in forested habitats, with a complex vertical structure. These habitats are associated with more stable environmental conditions. The model based on fine habitat descriptors was better able to predict occurrence, and gave no false negatives. The model based on macro-ecological variables underestimated the occurrence of the species on its ecological boundary, which is important as such locations may facilitate interpopulation connectivity. Conclusions: Implementing fine spatial resolution models requires greater investment of resources, but this is advisable for study of microendemic species, where it is important to reduce type II error (false negatives). Keywords: Amphibian, Corsica, Mediterranean islands, Microhabitat, Salamander Introduction reason, studies evaluating the niche of ectothermic verte- Macro-ecological models are popular for evaluating eco- brates associated with forests should include parameters logical and evolutionary hypotheses for vertebrates. -
Scolytus Intricatus (Ratzeburg) Coleoptera: Curculionidae European Oak Bark Beetle
Scolytus intricatus (Ratzeburg) Coleoptera: Curculionidae European Oak Bark Beetle CAPS-Approved Survey Host(s) Method Major/Primary hosts Visual Castanea sativa (Sweet chestnut), Corylus colurna, Quercus spp. (Oak), Quercus coccifera (Kermes oak), Quercus dalechampii (Dalechamp’s oak), Quercus ilex (Holly oak), Quercus petraea (Durmast oak), Quercus robur (Common oak) Other hosts Aesculus spp. (Buckeye), Aesculus hippocastanum (Horse chestnut), Alnus glutinosa (European alder), Betula spp. (Birch), Betula celtiberica (Iberian white birch), Betula pendula (Common silver birch), Betula pubescens (Downy birch), Betula verrucosa (European white birch), Carpinus spp. (Hornbeam), Carpinus betulus (European hornbeam), Castanea spp. (Chestnut), Castanea vesca (Sweet chestnut), Corylus spp. (Hazelnut), Fagus spp. (Beech), Fagus moesiaca, Fagus orientalis (Oriental beech), Fagus sylvatica (Common beech), Ostrya spp. (Hop-hornbeam), Ostrya carpinifolia (Hop-hornbeam), Parrotia persica (Persian parrotia), Populus spp. (Poplars), Populus alba (White poplar), Populus tremula (European aspen), Quercus canariensis (Algerian oak), Quercus castaneaefolia (Chestnut-leaf oak), Quercus cerris (European turkey oak), Quercus frainetto (Italian oak), Quercus hartwissiana, 1 Quercus lusitanica (Lusitanian oak), Quercus polycarpa, Quercus prinus var. tomentosa, Quercus pubescens (Downy oak), Quercus pyrenaica (Pyrenean oak), Quercus rubra (Northern red oak), Quercus virgiliana (Italian oak), Salix spp. (Willow), Sorbus spp. (Mountain Ash), Tilia cordata (Small-leaf lime), Ulmus spp. (Elms), Ulmus carpinifolia (English elm), Ulmus laevis (European white elm), Zelkova carpinifolia (Caucasian zelkova) (Davis et al., 2006; Kimoto and Duthie-Holt, 2006; CABI, 2008) Reason for Inclusion in Manual Scolytus intricatus was added to the manual in 2010. Scolytus intricatus is a target pest on the FY2011 AHP Prioritized Pest List. Pest Description Eggs: Eggs are a pearly white color and oval 1 with a length of 1 mm (< /16 in) (Haack, 2001). -
The Scented Isle
Corsica - The Scented Isle Naturetrek Tour Report 30 April - 7 May 2017 Corsican Fire Salamander Group at Col de Sevi Long-lipped Tongue-orchid Woodlark Report & images compiled by Andrew Bray Naturetrek Mingledown Barn Wolf's Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ UK T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report Corsica - The Scented Isle Tour participants: Andrew Bray & Richard Lansdown (leaders) with 11 Naturetrek clients Day 1 Sunday 30th April After a flight from London Gatwick we arrived at Bastia airport, where Tongue Orchids were outside the entrance. Arranging the vehicles took a little longer than expected, but once sorted we were on our way, heading to Ponte Leccia. Here we had a coffee stop and Andrew bought some cheese, meat and bread. We then headed across the top of the island to l’Ile-Rousse, where we stopped at the farmer’s market to buy fruit and salad. We then pushed on to our lunch stop near Galeria. Here we saw a variety of birds, wall lizards and some endemic plants: Corsican Storksbill (Erodium corsicum) and Sea Lavender (Limonium corsicum). We then drove a few hundred yards to see if there was a way down to some wetland, but unfortunately there was not. We did hear Cetti’s Warbler and saw a pair of Long-tailed Tits. Our next stop was on the coastal road at one of the U bends at the head of one of the many valleys we had to negotiate. Here were even more endemic plants, though we stopped for the Wild Vine (Vitis riparia) and saw the Illyrian Sea Lily (Pancratium Illyricum). -
Ignazio Camarda Some Considerations About Diversity
Ignazio Camarda Some considerations about diversity, distribution and problems of Quercus L. in Sardinia. Abstract Camarda, L: Some considerations about diversity, distribution and problems of Quercus L. in Sardinia. - Bocconea 16(1): 65-72. 2003. - ISSN 1120-4060. The paper describes and critically analyses the distribution in Sardinia of the species of the genus Quercus L., their main morphological, biological and ecological traits. Particular empha sis is addressed toward the Q. pubescens Willd. s.l. complex and toward the evergreen Q. coc cifera L. s.l., aiming to highlight the great variability of ali traits, as well known from the liter ature conceming other oak populations of diverse geographical regions. Introduction The morphological variability in Quercus L. well known due to the fact that many Authors dealt with this genus in the Mediterranean region, remarking the difficulties involved in the taxonomic treatment (Camus 1936-39; Schwartz 1993; Maire 1961; Burger 1975; Hedge & Yaltrik 1982; Amaral Franco 1990; Greuter & al. 1986; Bussotti & Grossoni 1997). Very different view-points are found also in recent Italian literature (Moggi 1972; Moggi & Paoli 1972; Milletti & al. 1982; Filipello & Vittadini 1975, 1982; Pignatti 1982; Ronsisvalle & al. 1984; Camarda & Valsecchi 1983; Blue 1988; Gellini & aL 1992; Di Noto & aL 1995; Brullo & al. 1998; Bersacchi & al. 1997; Camarda 1987, 1998; Grossoni & al. 1998; Brullo & al. 1999) conceming consistency in the diagnostic value to be attributed to each single character and, consequently, to the rank ofthe relevant entities. This paper aims to give a contribution to the knowledge ofthe genus Quercus, dealing with the island of Sardinia, i.e. -
Page 1 the Following Pages Outline Phasing Recommendations for The
Kruckeberg Botanic Garden Master Site Plan PHASING AND IMPLEMENTATION he following pages outline phasing recommendations for the KruckebergT Botanic Garden that seem desirable to address the needs, vision, and requirements of a private garden’s evolution into the publc domain. With the transfer of this property from a private residence to a commercial public entity, new sets of codes, restrictions, and opportunities come into play. These deal with public safety, health, and well-being and ensure that equal opportunities are afforded to all. Within a limited budget, Phase 1 responds to these immediate needs by providing on-site public parking to reduce impacts to the surrounding residential community, adding much needed public restrooms, and creating a permanent and separate service access road and staff parking area. Phase 2 focuses on siting an interpretive switchback boardwalk trail that connects the upper and lower gardens in an aesthetic ADA-compliant manner. It is also envi- sioned that an ADA-compliant loop path would be routed through the lower garden. While it would be optimal to build the environmental learning center in Phase 2, it is recognized that lack of funding may require deferment to a later phase. Further development of future phases depends on many factors, most importantly securing funding and the commitment of the City, Foundation, and public to sup- port and encourage new work to proceed. In the end, this alone will determine how quickly Garden projects are completed and the Garden vision, as outlined in this report, is realized. This is a modest plan as represented by the development costs associated with each phase in 2010 dollars. -
Oaks for the Adelaide Plains: Successful Species in the Waite Arboretum
Treenet Proceedings of the 4 th National Street Tree Symposium: 4 th and 5 th September 2003 ISBN 0-9775084-3-9 Treenet Inc OAKS FOR THE ADELAIDE PLAINS: SUCCESSFUL SPECIES IN THE WAITE ARBORETUM Jennifer Gardner , Waite Arboretum, University of Adelaide, South Australia Abstract The University of Adelaide’s Waite Arboretum is a valuable experimental collection. Species of oaks performing well there under natural rainfall of 625 mm are reported. Most successful are the species from the Mediterranean region, California and Mexico. Many of these oaks have potential for street or amenity planting. Introduction Oaks belong to Quercus, one of eight genera in the family Fagaceae that occurs primarily in temperate Northern Hemisphere. The family also includes sweet chestnuts Castanea (8 spp.), Trigonobalanus (3 spp.), beeches Fagus (10 spp.), Chrysolepis (2 spp.) and two tropical genera Castanopsis (134 spp.) and Lithocarpus (325 spp.) (Govaerts & Frodin, 1998). In Australia the family is represented by the Gondwanan genus Nothofagus (34 spp.) which considered to be in a separate family by Hill & Jordan (1993). Of the 531 species of oaks, about 250 occur in the Americas, 125 in Asia and Malesia and the rest in Europe, N. Africa and Macaronesia (Govaerts & Frodin, 1998). Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico and East and Southeastern Asia are rich in species. The infrageneric taxonomy of oaks is in a state of flux and various schemes exist. Oaks are widely cultivated, and widespread hybridisation and high variability make the delimitation of some species contentious. The Waite Arboretum The Waite Arboretum is nestled in the foothills of Adelaide, South Australia , 34 o58’S 138 o 38’E at an altitude of 100 – 110m.