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BULLETIN of “CAROL I” NATIONAL CAROL I” NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY No BULLETIN OF “CAROL I” NATIONAL CAROL I” NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY No. 3/2019 DEFENCE UNIVERSITY I” NATIONAL CAROL “ DEFENCE UNIVERSITY “CAROL I” NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY (Highly appreciated publishing house within “Military science, intelligence and public order” of Titles, Diploma and University Certificates Awards National Council) BULLETIN OF BULLETIN OF ISSN 2284-936X 3/2019 L 2284-936X JULY-SEPTEMBER 8 ¥ z 1 9 0 0 9 5 948490 380200 1 9 0 0 9 “CAROL I” NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY PUBLISHING HOUSE BUCHAREST, 2019 BULLETIN OF “CAROL I” NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY 3 / 2019 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION HIGHLY ACKNOWLEDGED IN THE FIELD OF ”MILITARY SCIENCES, INFORMATION AND PUBLIC ORDER” OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR ATTESTATION OF ACADEMIC DEGREES, DIPLOMAS AND CERTIFICATES, INDEXED IN INTERNATIONAL DATABASES EBSCO, CEEOL & GOOGLE SCHOLAR PUBLICATION FOUNDED IN 1937 ”CAROL I” NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY PUBLISHING HOUSE BUCHAREST, 2019 Cover: Andreea GÎRTONEA © Reproductions are allowed under the condition of specifying source. Full responsibility for the articles lies with the authors. The articles of journal are under the similarity verification standard using sistemantiplagiat.ro. The articles published in the Bulletin of ”Carol I” National Defence University, ISSN 2284-936X, L 2284-936X, are also found in full text – title, author, abstract, content and bibliography – in the Romanian version of the journal, ISSN 1584-1928. Bulletin of “Carol I” National Defence University EDITORIAL BOARD 1. HONORIFIC BOARD Brigadier Gen.Prof. Gheorghe CALOPĂREANU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Lect. Codrin MUNTEANU, PhD Ministry of National Defence Brigadier Gen.Prof. Constantin Iulian VIZITIU Military Technical Academy Brigadier Gen.Prof. Ghiță BÎRSAN, PhD ”Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy Brigadier Gen.(Air) Prof. Gabriel RĂDUCANU, PhD ”Henri Coandă” Air Forces Academy Commander Prof. Octavian TARABUȚĂ, PhD ”Mircea cel Bătrân” Naval Academy Col.Prof. Valentin DRAGOMIRESCU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col.Prof. Ion PURICEL, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col.Prof. Cezar VASILESCU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Commander Prof. Ioan CRĂCIUN, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col. Prof. Ioana ENACHE, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col.Prof. Constantin POPESCU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Lect. Florian BICHIR, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col.Prof. Doina MUREŞAN, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col.Prof. Daniel GHIBA, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col.Lect. Florin CÎRCIUMARU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col. Prof. Marinel-Dorel BUŞE, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University LtCol.Assoc.Prof. Tudorel-Niculai LEHACI, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Col.Lect. Liviu BALABAN, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Cpt.Lect. Răzvan GRIGORAȘ, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Inspector Carol Teodor PETERFY Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical (Winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 2013) Weapons – OPCW 2. SCIENTIFIC BOARD Prof. Gheorghe CALOPĂREANU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Assoc.Prof. Iulian CHIFU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Prof. Daniel DUMITRU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Prof. Gheorghe MINCULETE, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Prof. Teodor FRUNZETI, PhD ”Titu Maiorescu” Christian University Prof. Gelu ALEXANDRESCU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Prof. Sorin TOPOR, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Prof. Marian NĂSTASE, PhD The Bucharest University of Economic Studies CS II Alexandra SARCINSCHI, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University CS II Cristina BOGZEANU, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Pavel OTRISAL, PhD University of Defence, Brno, Czech Republic September, 2019 3 Bulletin of “Carol I” National Defence University Assoc.Prof. Elena ŞUŞNEA, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University Elitsa PETROVA, PhD “Vasil Levski” National Military University Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria Jaromir MAREȘ, PhD University of Defense, Brno, Czech Republic Lect. Cris MATEI, PhD Center for Civil-Military Relationships, USA Piotr GAWLICZEK, PhD ”Cuiavian” University in Wloclawek, Poland Assoc.Prof. Piotr GROCHMALSKI, PhD ”Nicolaus Copernicus” University in Torun, Poland Marcel HARAKAL, PhD “General Milan Rastislav Štefánik” Armed Forces Academy, Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovak Republic Lucian DUMITRESCU, PhD Romanian Academy Prof. Anton MIHAIL, PhD ”Carol I” National Defence University” Prof. Constantin IORDACHE, PhD ”Spiru Haret” University Prof. Gheorghe ORZAN, PhD The Bucharest University of Economic Studies Prof. Gheorghe HURDUZEU, PhD The Bucharest University of Economic Studies 3. SCIENTIFIC REVIEWERS Col.Prof. Ioana ENACHE, PhD Col.Prof. Ion ANDREI, PhD Col.Prof. Dănuț TURCU, PhD Col.Prof. Dorin EPARU, PhD Col.Prof. Filofteia REPEZ, PhD Commander Prof. Florin NISTOR, PhD Col. Associate Prof. Cristian-Octavian STANCIU, PhD LtCol. Associate Prof. Daniel ROMAN, PhD Col. Ștefan-Antonio DAN ȘUTEU, PhD LtCol. Associate Prof. Tudorel-Niculai LEHACI, PhD LtCol. Engineer Associate Prof. Dragoș BĂRBIERU, PhD Mr Associate Prof. Marinel-Adi MUSTAȚĂ, PhD Lecturer Florin BICHIR, PhD Associate Prof. Diana-Elena ȚUȚUIANU, PhD 4 September, 2019 Bulletin of “Carol I” National Defence University CONTENT Migration in the Kremlin’s disinformation war 7 Magdalena CRIȘAN, PhD Student The physiognomy of joint multinational operations 14 LtCol. Associate Professor Alexandru HERCIU, PhD Societal security in the current context 22 Octavian Victor Mihail DIMA, PhD Student Some dysfunctional elements in the management of health facilities with beds 26 within the own sanitary network of the ministry of national defence LtCol. MD Ionuț RĂDULESCU, PhD Student The use of complexity in societal security studies 30 Professor Ioan CRĂCIUN, PhD Octavian Victor Mihail DIMA, PhD Student Integrated software platform for malware analysis of mobile terminals 35 LtCol. Eng. Associate Professor Dragoș-Iulian BĂRBIERU, PhD Col. Ștefan-Antonio Dan ȘUTEU, PhD Associate Professor Elena ȘUȘNEA, PhD An analysis of NATO and EU maritime strategies 44 Commander (N) Valentin-Cătălin VLAD, PhD Student September, 2019 5 Bulletin of “Carol I” National Defence University The euro-atlantic maritime security comprehensive approach 50 Captain (N) Ioan CRĂCIUN, PhD Commander (N) Valentin-Cătălin VLAD, PhD Student Risks and threats in the current operational environment 56 LtCol. Associate Professor Alexandru HERCIU, PhD Planning and teaching styles in military physical education 66 LtCol. Lecturer Gabriel Constantin CIAPA, PhD Principles and methods of training in military physical education 72 Lt.Col. Lecturer Gabriel Constantin CIAPA, PhD The cyber security of critical infrastructures in an increasingly connected world 78 LtCol. Eng. Vasile Florin POPESCU, PhD Ways of cyberterrorism 82 Commander Professor Sorin TOPOR, PhD Files from the history of “Carol I” National Defence University 91 Laura-Rodica HÎMPĂ, PhD 6 September, 2019 Bulletin of “Carol I” National Defence University MIGRATION IN THE KREMLIN’S DISINFORMATION WAR Magdalena CRIȘAN, PhD Student* The migration crisis of 2015 was accompanied by a wave of disinformation and fake news related to migrants, meant to influence the public perception of the phenomenon, and which serves Russia’s geopolitical interest: a divided European Union and split European societies with leaders whose legitimacy is called into question. Keywords: disinformation; Russian propaganda; European Union; perception; migration; fake news. In recent years, new forms of struggle for power technology is superior to its own, Russia is betting and hegemony in international relations have been on another strategy of “warfare”, with non-military discussed. This fact leads not only to the adoption means such as disinformation, manipulation of new strategies, but also to the design and use of campaigns6, dissemination of fake news, whose new weapons. Hybrid warfare, for example, implies purpose is “shaping their (A/N population in among other types of technologies also the use of European countries) opinions in favor of Russian refugees as a weapon1 . Kelly M. Greenhill asserts objectives”7, a strategy that was applied also in that the “exploiting and manipulating outflows 2015, when the migration crisis hit the European created by others” can become a non-military Union . weapon of effective coercion on the international “The day has come when we all have to admit stage, especially if the opponent is a state with a that a word, a camera, a photo, the Internet, and liberal democracy2. The aim of the constraint of information in general have become yet another type the adversary is to generate an “domestic conflict” of weapons, yet another component of the armed or /and “public dissatisfaction” in the target state, forces. This weapon can be used in a good and in either by diminishing the capacity or by influencing a bad way”, stated the Russian Defense Minister a state’s willingness to receive and integrate a Serghei Shoigu in 20158. So the battlefield is the number of migrants3. This second strategy, called mind of the people, the population of Western states, “political agitating”, represents an efficient way often neglected by the Western military strategies9, to increase the gap between the pro and cons in a and the aim is “weakening the internal cohesion society, especially in the case of sensitive issues such of societies and strengthening the perceptions
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