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Adware and Spyware Matt Deline CIS 2 02/08/2007 Introduction: Subway, Eat Fresh. Your World, Delivered. It’s the network. Expect More, Pay less. Just Do it. A Diamond is forever. Hungry? Grab a Snickers. Chances are you are familiar with more than a few of these advertising slogans. People can find them in almost every aspect of their daily lives. They’re everywhere, on billboards, buses, on the radio, on the internet, in movies, and in television. The average American is exposed to an estimated 2500 ads in some form or another each day (Phillips and Rasberry). Imagine if those same advertisements could collect personal information from you. For example: how far from the ad you are, how long you view an ad, which ads you are viewing, and even what angle and distance you are looking at it from. Luckily for us most advertisements can’t, yet; but some computer game advertisements can. Dynamic in- game advertisements found in new PC games come in a specialized form of spyware. Though the intent of Dynamic in-game advertising is not malicious it is a brazen intrusion of our privacy. Furthermore, the capabilities used in the software may be expanded to in the near future to collect more personal information from a user than most would find necessary or decent. Advertising in Computer Games: Advertising in computer and video games is not a new technique. Ads can be found in sports games dating as far back as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in the 1980’s. Spending on advertising in games is expected to reach and exceed $400 million dollars by the year 2009 (Lombardi). This is a significant number, especially considering the amount spent in 2005 was only $80 million. As the market expands for the game industry beyond its mainstay male ages 18-34 audience, so do its prospective investors. This type of rapid growth in spending parallels the exponential growth in television marketing in the early 1990’s. It is prudent to assume that rapid growth in game advertising might follow a similar trend, and greatly surpass the 400 million dollar mark in the years following 2009. As new technology develops, so do clever ways of integrating real world products into games. Product placement, a technique used to subtly market items by placing them in direct view of the camera, has been used by the film and television industries for years. Now that graphics in games are approaching photorealism it is possible to put in a coke can, stick a snickers banner on a wall, or even put a 30 second spot on a screen that populates the game world (Massive Incorporated). Adware and Spyware: It is important to note that while most current in game advertisements do not collect information from the players, the technology known as Dynamic in-game advertising (pioneered by Massive Incorporated) does. In order to know how this system works, we must first define what exactly adware and spyware are. Most people know of spyware likely because they have one or many programs designed to protect against it already installed on their computers. “Spyware is software that covertly tracks and monitors the actions of a PC user, using the internet to secretly send this intelligence to a third party” (Lomas). Spyware is most dangerous when it is used to steal critical personal information such as but not limited to bank account numbers, credit cards, passwords, and personal files. Adware, though similar in operation to spyware, collects personal information based on browsing history and interests in order to serve up advertisements based on the user’s preferences. Adware is completely legal software, although the lines are blurry with regards to its methods and legislation threatening its use is in development. Dynamic In-Game Advertising: In July 2005 a patch was released for the game SWAT4 for the PC. Among the list of updates was a line stating “*Added Massive Streaming Ad Support” (Smith and Wood). The technology developed by Massive Incorporated placed advertisements in the game that were streamed to the user’s computer via the internet. The following images are from the first batch of advertisements added to the game, followed by a screen capture from the game itself (Smith and Wood). The advertisements The advertisements while in the game environment. On the surface the update appears harmless. Upon further investigation, after exiting the game a packet of information is returned to a server owned and operated by Massive Incorporated. At this point a timestamp and the user’s session/gamer id are sent. Gamer ids are unique to each user. Information linked to that specific gamer id based upon the advertisements is also sent once the game is closed. This lets the advertisers know who saw the ad, the time it was viewed, for how long, the distance from the ad (in virtual space), and the average viewing angle (Smith and Wood). Reflection: SWAT4 was published in 2005, and the example of Dynamic In-Game Advertising shown above was a first generation product. Now, in 2007, Massive Incorporated has expanded its “Massive Network” to include support for 100 games (both released and in development) across 37 publishers (Massive Incorporated). According to Massive Incorporated “Advertisers receive daily reports of audience data from the Massive Ad Server which provide full insight into campaign delivery and facilitate the ability to adjust campaigns in real time” (Massive Incorporated). This statement is fairly vague. Any amount of any kind of data could be contained in those reports. Even though it might not pose any serious danger to the security of computer gamers, it is most definitely a breach of their privacy. As the integration of most major home devices into a single unit approaches, could this technology be translated to other advertising mediums in the future? If so, the public would surely rise against its use. For now, consider this chilling possibility of the future of advertising in computer games courtesy of the web comic Penny-Arcade. (Holkins) Works Cited Holkins, Jerry "Tycho". Penny-Arcade. 18 October 2006. 5 February 2007 <www.penny- arcade.com/2006/10/18>. Konrad, Rachel. "Game firms profit from ads, cheats." 21 January 2007. Contra Costa Times. 5 February 2007 <http://www.contracostatimes.com/mld/cctimes/news/local/states/california/16512568.ht m>. Lomas, Natasha. "Security from A to Z: Spyware." 28 November 2006. CNET News.com. 5 February 2007 <http://news.com.com/Security+from+A+to+Z+Spyware/2100-1029_3-6138687.html>. Lombardi, Candace. "In-game ads to hit $400 million by 2009." 15 June 2006. CNET News.com. 5 February 2007 <http://news.com.com/In- game+ads+to+hit+400+million+by+2009/2100-1024_3-6083919.html>. Massive Incorporated. Massive Incorporated Press Release. 24 July 2006. 5 February 2007 <www.massiveincorporated.com/site_network/pr/07.24.06.htm>. —. Massive Incorporated-In Game Advertising. 2006. 5 February 2007 <www.massiveincorporated.com>. McKenna, Aaron. "Swat 4 in-game adverts do more than just advertise." 5 August 2005. The Inquirer. 5 February 2007 <www.theinquirer.net/default.aspx?article=25256>. Phillips, Michael and Salli Rasberry. "Marketing Without Advertising: Inspire Customers to Rave About Your Business to Create Lasting Success." 5 April 2005. Nolo. 8 February 2007 <http://www.nolo.com/product.cfm/objectID/5E5BFB9E-A33A-43DB- 9D162A6460AA646A/sampleChapter/5/111/277/#summary>. Smith, Andrew and Peter Wood. Online advertising for the gamer generation. 1 July 2005. 5 February 2007 <nationalcheeseemporium.org>. .
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