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Myrmecological News myrmecologicalnews.org Myrmecol. News 31 Digital supplementary material Digital supplementary material to BUXTON, J.T., ROBERT, K.A., MARSHALL, A.T., DUTKA, T.L. & GIBB, H. 2021: A cross- species test of the function of cuticular traits in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Myrmecological News 31: 31-46. The content of this digital supplementary material was subject to the same scientific editorial processing as the article it accompanies. However, the authors are responsible for copyediting and layout. Table S1: Eigenvalues and eigenvectors from the principal component analysis of ant traits. Variables contributing meaningfully to each axis are presented in bold type. Variable PC1 PC2 PC3 Eigenvalues 2.5 1.8 1.4 %Variation 25.1 17.5 13.5 Cum.%Variation 25.1 42.7 56.2 Eye length (residuals) 0.29 0.16 0.22 Scape length (residuals) -0.25 -0.38 -0.25 Weber's length 0.32 -0.52 0.09 Pronotum width (residuals) 0.39 0.25 -0.41 Pilosity 0.43 -0.09 -0.25 Hair colour score -0.20 0.03 -0.45 Pubescence score -0.05 -0.52 -0.19 Pronotum sculpturing score 0.45 0.11 0.24 Mass-independent water loss rate -0.41 0.21 0.32 CTmax 0.07 0.41 -0.50 Table S2. Species means for traits data used in this study. ) ) -1 ) ) 2 ing unit (mm unit ing puncture (mN) (mN) puncture ity ity Subfamily Morphospecies Species code Location Activ (mm) length Scape (mm) Eyelength (mm) length Webers (mm) width Pronotum Pilosity (mm) length hair Greatest colour score Hair score Pubescence score sculpturing Pronotum score Overall sculpturing units sculpturing of Frequency sculptur single Area of depressions of proportion ridges of Proportion (um) Cuticle thickness rate (mg.hr loss water Mass independent CTmax (°C) content water Proportion Force to (dynes/cm) energy Adhesion (mg) Dry mass PC1 PC2 PC3 Cerapachinae Cerapachys clarki group sp.1 Cer.sp1 Scotia diurnal 0.84 0.27 2.05 0.94 37.6 0.33 1.5 1 2.0 2.1 89.0 1.7E-04 0.59 0.41 31.8 0.017 52.0 0.56 491.4 0.069 2.78 -0.97 -2.23 0.13 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex brunneus sp.1 Iri.br.sp1 Scotia diurnal 0.74 0.18 0.98 0.45 9.2 0.07 3.0 2 1.4 1.4 162.5 5.5E-05 0.60 0.53 0.171 50.0 0.82 0.11 2.68 -0.81 0.76 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex exsanguis Iri.ex Scotia nocturnal 0.81 0.19 1.05 0.45 11.2 0.04 1.5 1 1.4 1.4 170.0 5.1E-05 0.60 0.40 0.082 44.0 0.68 0.15 1.25 0.14 -1.46 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex lividus Iri.li Scotia diurnal 1.71 0.29 2.66 1.24 109.8 0.27 3.0 3 1.4 1.4 159.0 5.0E-05 0.58 0.42 18.5 0.051 49.6 0.70 279.7 0.065 2.54 0.13 1.07 2.74 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex purpureus sp.1 Iri.pu Scotia diurnal 1.89 0.28 3.00 1.22 89.2 0.21 3.0 3 1.4 1.4 158.8 6.7E-05 0.60 0.40 25.5 0.042 51.0 0.67 269.4 0.093 3.03 0.57 1.09 2.82 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex rufoniger group sp.2 Iri.gr.sp2 Scotia diurnal 0.88 0.17 1.28 0.56 22.0 0.17 1.5 3 1.4 1.4 144.0 6.9E-05 0.53 0.47 10.8 0.115 47.0 0.69 0.39 1.56 0.63 -0.40 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. 2 Iri.sp2 Scotia diurnal 0.63 0.14 0.72 0.38 4.0 0.05 1.5 2 1.4 1.4 125.0 5.4E-05 0.69 0.31 0.119 0.62 0.13 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. 7 Iri.sp7 Scotia diurnal 1.06 0.20 1.51 0.63 27.0 0.15 1.5 3 1.4 1.4 125.0 6.5E-05 0.49 0.51 0.060 47.2 0.52 0.86 1.07 1.02 0.07 Dolichoderinae Ochetellus sp. 1 Och.sp1 LTU diurnal 0.46 0.28 0.88 0.43 0.0 0.03 1.8 2 2.0 2.3 130.0 6.7E-05 0.45 0.55 20.6 0.028 50.0 0.71 0.13 -0.43 -1.68 -0.53 Dolichoderinae Papyrius sp. 1 Pap.sp1 LTU nocturnal 0.69 0.15 1.23 0.48 32.2 0.18 2.0 3 1.2 1.2 115.0 7.7E-05 0.49 0.51 0.060 45.2 0.69 0.32 1.18 0.91 -0.34 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. 1 Iri.sp1 LTU diurnal 0.98 0.19 1.32 0.52 21.8 0.04 1.3 3 1.4 1.4 160.0 7.2E-05 0.42 0.58 0.066 48.8 0.68 0.28 1.30 0.76 0.03 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. 2 Iri.sp2 LTU diurnal 0.81 0.17 1.24 0.57 24.0 0.12 1.8 3 1.4 1.4 118.0 4.6E-06 0.77 0.23 49.8 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. 3 Iri.sp3 LTU diurnal 1.14 0.20 1.61 0.73 70.2 0.15 1.5 3 1.4 1.4 168.0 1.5E-04 0.44 0.56 0.040 47.6 0.71 0.45 0.34 1.18 0.79 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. 4 Iri.sp4 LTU diurnal 0.74 0.16 1.15 0.55 16.8 0.09 1.3 3 1.3 1.5 150.0 2.3E-05 0.43 0.57 0.072 48.6 0.72 0.33 1.03 0.19 0.06 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. 5 Iri.sp5 LTU diurnal 0.90 0.20 1.52 0.64 2.5 0.06 1.0 3 1.2 1.2 70.0 7.1E-05 0.62 0.38 0.041 47.6 0.69 0.44 0.82 0.53 -0.52 Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. 6 Iri.sp6 LTU nocturnal 1.11 0.25 1.40 0.56 9.8 0.05 1.0 2.5 1.4 1.4 72.0 9.4E-05 0.42 0.58 0.039 46.8 0.68 0.34 0.90 0.97 -0.62 Ectatomminae Rhytidoponera maniae Rhy.ma Scotia diurnal 2.19 0.39 3.22 1.18 0.0 0.05 1.0 3 3.0 3.0 19.3 6.5E-05 0.19 0.81 70.2 0.044 46.2 0.57 1310.7 0.114 7.33 -0.16 1.64 -1.21 Ectatomminae Rhytidoponera metallica group sp.1 Rhy.gr.sp1 Scotia diurnal 1.17 0.22 1.86 1.01 23.3 0.23 1.5 1 3.0 3.0 30.0 3.5E-03 0.67 0.33 71.5 0.068 47.2 0.53 962.8 0.107 2.22 -0.43 -0.83 -0.56 Ectatomminae Rhytidoponera near mayri sp.1 Rhy.ma.sp1 Scotia diurnal 2.72 0.46 4.19 1.54 16.8 0.09 2.0 1 3.0 3.0 10.0 1.3E-02 0.68 0.32 62.7 0.015 46.0 0.55 0.031 16.77 -0.63 0.91 -0.53 Ectatomminae Rhytidoponera sp. 1 Rhy.sp1 LTU diurnal 0.72 0.18 1.39 0.72 31.0 0.20 1.2 2 3.0 3.0 12.0 5.0E-03 0.67 0.33 34.7 0.034 44.0 0.55 452.5 0.93 -1.16 -0.17 -1.58 Ectatomminae Rhytidoponera sp. 2 Rhy.sp2 LTU diurnal 1.11 0.21 1.77 0.95 18.6 0.18 2.5 2 3.0 3.0 12.0 4.0E-03 0.50 0.50 40.5 0.035 48.0 0.57 1.76 -0.17 -0.22 0.80 Ectatomminae Rhytidoponera sp. 4 Rhy.sp4 LTU nocturnal 1.16 0.24 2.00 1.04 27.4 0.22 1.5 2 3.0 3.0 14.0 6.0E-03 0.50 0.50 0.037 46.0 0.54 2.47 -0.86 0.02 -0.57 ) ) -1 ) ) 2 ing unit (mm unit ing puncture (mN) (mN) puncture ity ity Subfamily Morphospecies Species code Location Activ (mm) length Scape (mm) Eyelength (mm) length Webers (mm) width Pronotum Pilosity (mm) length hair Greatest colour score Hair score Pubescence score sculpturing Pronotum score Overall sculpturing units sculpturing of Frequency sculptur single Area of depressions of proportion ridges of Proportion (um) Cuticle thickness rate (mg.hr loss water Mass independent CTmax (°C) content water Proportion Force to (dynes/cm) energy Adhesion (mg) Dry mass PC1 PC2 PC3 Formicinae Calomyrmex purpureus Cal.pu Scotia diurnal 1.75 0.37 2.54 1.57 103.0 0.43 1.0 1 2.0 2.0 85.0 1.9E-04 0.65 0.35 14.3 0.025 50.5 0.73 319.8 3.58 -1.76 -0.71 1.16 Formicinae Camponotus aeneopilosus Cam.ae LTU diurnal 1.58 0.26 2.29 1.18 14.0 0.33 2.5 3 1.8 1.8 121.0 1.7E-04 0.52 0.48 11.6 0.033 48.0 0.70 0.030 2.07 0.69 1.05 1.56 Formicinae Camponotus lownei Cam.lo LTU nocturnal 1.11 0.29 1.68 0.84 38.5 0.42 2.0 2 2.0 2.0 81.0 6.7E-04 0.63 0.37 0.056 0.74 0.81 Formicinae Camponotus sp.
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    Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Associated with Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) on Citrus Trees in Coastal and Lower Eastern Counties, Kenya

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  • Notes on the Remarkable Karyology of the Primitive Ant Nothomyrmecia Ma Crops, and of the Related Genus Myrmecia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

    Notes on the Remarkable Karyology of the Primitive Ant Nothomyrmecia Ma Crops, and of the Related Genus Myrmecia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

    PSYCHE Vol. 97 1990 No. 3-4 NOTES ON THE REMARKABLE KARYOLOGY OF THE PRIMITIVE ANT NOTHOMYRMECIA MA CROPS, AND OF THE RELATED GENUS MYRMECIA (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) BY HIROTAMI T. IMAI l, ROBERT W. TAYLOR2, MASAO KUBOTA 3, KAZUO OGATA AND MASAYASU Y. WADA4 INTRODUCTION Nothomyrmecia macrops Clark (subfamily Nothomyrmeciinae) is arguably the most primitive of all known ants, and study of this "living fossil" has been deemed "one of the principal challenges of modern Australian entomology" (Brown and Wilson, 1959). Its first two worker representatives were collected in southeastern Western Australia in 1932-33 (Clark, 1934), but despite much effort by many naturalists Nothomyrmecia was not encountered again for nearly half a century, until rediscovered in 1977 near Poochera (3243'S; 134 50'E), South Australia (about 1000 km east of the original site) by R. W. Taylor and colleagues (Taylor, 1978). It has not been found again in Western Australia, and the known distribution at Poochera lies within a radius of only about kilometre. Reasons for this resistance to collection by Nothomyrmecia include its purely nocturnal above-ground worker activities, which are further restricted to relatively cold nights, its cryptic nesting habits, and probably very patchy distribution. Aspects of its anat- INational Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka-ken 411, Japan. 2Division of Entomology, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia, 2601. 3Nakasone 13, Odawara, Kanagawa-ken 250, Japan. qmamiti Institute for Applied Animal Reproduction, Omiya, Saitama-ken 331, Japan. Manuscript received by the editor May 8, 1990. 133 134 Psyche [Vol. 97 omy and behaviour (Taylor, 1978; H611dobler and Taylor, 1983) imply that N.