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Karlv Pak'o/Ok Alkalic Karlv Pak'o/ok Alkalic and ('.alr-Alkalic Plntomsm an<i Associates! Contact Mctamoi phism, ( cntral \ h ornnia Piedmont I'.S. (JEOLOCiK AL SIHVEY I' K () F E S S I () N A E I'A I'K K 1 :> 2 !> Early Paleozoic Alkalic and Gale-Alkalic Plutonism and Associated Contact Metamorphism, Central Virginia Piedmont By LOUIS PAVLIDES, J.G. ARTH, J.F. SUTTER, T.W. STERN, and HENRY CORTESINI, JR. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1529 A description of the plutonic and contact-metamorphic history of part of the central Virginia Piedmont. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 1994 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Early Paleozoic alkalic and calc-alkalic plutonism and associated contact metamorphism, central Virginia Piedmont / by Louis Pavlides ... [et al.]. p. cm. U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1529) Includes bibliographical references. Supt. of Docs. no. : I 19.16: 1529 1. Intrusions (Geology)-Virgina. 2. Petrology-Virginia. 3. Geology, Stratigraphic-Paleozoic. I. Pavlides, Louis, 1921-. II. Series. QE611.5.U6E37 1994 92-17608 552'.3'09755-dc20 CIP For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution Box 25286, MS 306, Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract............................................................................ 1 Metamorphism Continued Introduction....................................................................... 1 Contact Metamorphism Continued Acknowledgments............................................................... 2 Mineralogy Continued Regional Setting................................................................. 2 Kyardte........................................................... 43 Geophysical Features.......................................................... 4 Staurolite........................................................ 43 Local Stratigraphic Setting .................................................. 5 Chloritoid........................................................ 43 Chopawamsic Formation................................................ 5 Other Minerals................................................. 44 Lithology and Petrography....................................... 5 Margarite.................................................. 44 Metavolcanic Rocks........................................... 5 Tourmaline................................................ 45 Metavolcanic Rocks of Felsic to Intermediate Allanite-Clinozoisite.................................... 46 Composition...................................... 6 Chlorite.................................................... 46 Fragmental Metavolcanic Rock ..................... 6 Mineral Distribution................................................ 46 Mafic Metavolcanic Rocks ............................ 6 Metasedimentary Rocks..................................... 6 Geochemistry..................................................................... 49 Schists and Phyllites ................................... 6 Lahore Complex........................................................... 49 Carbonate................................................. 7 Lahore Pluton........................................................ 49 Ta River Metamorphic Suite........................................... 7 Major Elements................................................ 49 Mine Run Complex ....................................................... 7 Minor Elements................................................ 49 Lithology and Petrography....................................... 7 Lahore Mafic Pluton................................................ 51 Phyllite and Schist............................................ 7 Dikes of the Lahore Pluton ...................................... 53 Exotic Blocks................................................... 7 Ellisville Pluton............................................................ 53 Serpentinite, Talc Schist, and Chlorite-Rock ... 7 Major Elements...................................................... 53 Greenstones and Greenschists....................... 8 Minor Elements...................................................... 53 Lahore Complex................................................................. 8 Inclusions or Intrusions ........................................... 55 Granitoid Nomenclature................................................. 8 Geochronology.................................................................... 55 Lahore Pluton.............................................................. 8 Lahore Pluton.............................................................. 55 Mineralogy and Petrography .................................... 9 Ellisville Pluton............................................................ 56 Pyroxene Monzonites ........................................ 9 Olistoliths of the Mine Run Complex................................ 58 Amphibole Monzonites....................................... 9 Plutonism.......................................................................... 58 Mafic Pluton................................................................ 33 Lahore Pluton Monzonites.............................................. 58 Dikes of the Lahore Complex ......................................... 33 Ellisville Pluton Granodiorites ........................................ 67 Ellisville Pluton.................................................................. 33 Regional Relationships of the Plutons .............................. 67 Mineralogy and Petrography .......................................... 34 Metamorphism................................................................... 38 Geothermometry................................................................ 68 Regional Metamorphism ................................................ 38 Geobarometry.................................................................... 69 Taconian or Older Metamorphism.............................. 38 Thermochronology.............................................................. 71 Alleghanian Metamorphism...................................... 39 Summary.......................................................................... 72 Contact Metamorphism.................................................. 39 References Cited................................................................ 73 Ar/Ar Geochronology .............................................. 39 Appendix A....................................................................... 78 Structural Features ................................................ 40 Appendix B ....................................................................... 84 Textural Features................................................... 40 Appendix C...................................................................... 114 Mineralogy............................................................ 40 Appendix D...................................................................... 127 Muscovite and Biotite........................................ 41 Appendix E...................................................................... 139 Fibrolite.......................................................... 41 Appendix F ...................................................................... 145 in IV CONTENTS ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates in pocket] PLATE 1. Simplified geologic map of a part of the central Virginia Piedmont, Blue Ridge, and Mesozoic basin terranes with: (A) superposed aeromagnetic contours and (B) superposed gravity contours 2. Geologic map (A) and sample location and metamorphic mineral assemblage map (B) of the Lahore Complex-Ellisville pluton area Page FIGURE 1. Maps of Virginia showing location of plates 1 and 2 and topographic index .................................................................... 3 2. Plot of serpentine compositions with respect to weight percent normalized Si02-MgO-FeO............................................... 7 3. Diagrams showing amphiboles from the Lahore and Ellisville plutons and some of the enclosing country rocks.................... 10 4. Chlorites from contact-metamorphosed schists of the Chopawamsic Formation, olistoliths of the Mine Run Complex and from the mafic pluton of the Lahore Complex plotted on the chlorite classification diagram.................................. 12 5. Diagram showing composition fields of the granitoids of the Lahore and Ellisville plutons................................................ 13 6. Photomicrograph of pyroxene monzonite of the Lahore pluton with euhedral and subhedral, nonpoikilitic and poikilitic augite........................................................................................................................................................... 19 7. Diagram showing compositional range of pyroxenes from monzonites of the Lahore pluton and the mafic pluton of the Lahore Complex............................................................................................................................................ 19 8. Photomicrographs of pyroxene monzonite of the Lahore pluton with altered plagioclase................................................... 28 9. Ternary Or-Ab-An diagram showing compositional range and distribution of feldspars from Ellisville pluton granodiorite rocks,
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