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Home , Banded rock lizard, Boidae, California whipsnake, Coast mole, Dark kangaroo mouse, Eublepharidae

FISH AND GAME CHECK-LISTOF AMPHIBIANS, , , AND 129

PARIDAE (Titmice),cont. Northern Mockingbird MimusOreoscoptes polyglottos montanus Plain Titmouse Parus inornatus Sage Thrasher Brown Thrasher Toxostoma rufum REMlZlDAE (Verdin) Bendire'sThrasher Toxostomabendirei Verdin Auriparus flaviceps Curve-billed Thrasher Toxostoma curvirostre CaliforniaThrasher Toxostoma redivivum AEGITHALIDAE (Bushtit) Crissal Thrasher Toxostoma crissale BusMi Psaltriparusminimus Le Conte's Thrasher Toxostomalecontei

SITTIDAE (Nuthatches) MOTACILLIDAE (Wagtails and Pipits) Red-breasted Nuthatch Sitta canadensis Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava White-breastedNuthatch Sitta carolinensis Gray Wagtail Motacillacinerea Pygmy Nuthatch Sitta pygmaea WhiteWagtail Motacillaalba Black-backed Wagtail Motacillalugens CERTHIIDAE (Creepers) Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus Brown Creeper Certhia americana Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii TROGLODYTIDAE (Wrens) Wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus BOMBYCILLIDAE (Waxkings) Coastal C. b. sandiegoense SC Bohemian Waxwing Bombycillagarrulus Rock Wren Salpinctesobsoletus Cedar Waxwing Bombycillacedrorum Wren Catherpesmexicanus Bewick's Wren Thryomanesbewickii PTILOGONATIDAE (Silky Flycatchers) House Wren Troglodytesaedon Phainopepla Phainopepla nitens Winterwren Troglodytes troglodytes Sedge Wren Cistothorusplatensis + LANllDAE () Marsh Wren Cistothoruspalustris Brown cristatus Lanius excubitor CINCLIDAE (Dippers) Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus American Dipper Cinclus mexicanus San Clemente Loggerhead Shrike L. I. mearnsi

MUSCICAPIDAE ( Warblers,Gnatcatchers, Kinglets, Thrushes,Bluebirds, STURNIDAE (Starlings) and Wrentit) European Starling Sturnus vulgaris Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus Golden-crowned Kinglet Regulus satrapa VlREONlDAE (Typical Vireos) Ruby-crowned Kinglet Regulus calendula White-eyedVireo Vireo griseus Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Polioptilacaerulea Bell's Vireo Vireobellii Black-tailed Gnatcatcher Polioptilamelanura Bell's Vireo V. b. arizonae CE CaliforniaGnatcatcher Polioptilacalifornica Least Bell's Vireo V. b. pusillus CE, FE Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior SC Western Bluebird Sialia mexicana Solitary Vireo Vireo solitarius ~ountainBluebird Sialia currucoides Yellow-throated Vireo Vireoflavifrons Townsend's Solitaire Myadestes townsendi Hutton's Vireo Vireohuttoni Veery Catharus fuscescens Warbling Vireo Vireogilvus Gray-cheekedThrush Catharusminimus Philadelphia Vireo Vireophiladelphicus Swainson'sThrush Catharusustulatus Red-eyed Vireo Vireoolivaceus Hermit Thrush Catbarusguttatus Yellow-greenVireo Vireoflavoviridis Wood Thrush Hvlocichlamustelina Rufous-backed Robin Grdus rufopalliatus EMBERIZIDAE (Wood Warblers,Sparrows, Blackbirds, and relatives) American Robin Turdus migratorius Blue-winged Warbler Vermivorapinus + Varied Thrush lxoreus naevius Golden-wing.ed Warbler Vermivora chrysaptera + Wrentit Chamaea fasciata Tennessee Warbler Vermivoraperegrina Orange-crowned Warbler Vermivoracelata MlMlDAE (Mockingbirdsand Thrashers) Nashville Warbler Vermivoraru ficapilla Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis Virginia'sWarbler Vermivora virginiae 130 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME CHECK-LISTOF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 127

EMBERIZIDAE (Wood Warblers,Sparrows, Blackbirds, and relatives),cont. Western Wood- Contopus sordidulus Lucy's Warbler Vermivora luciae Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens Northern Parula Parula americana Yellow-belliedFlycatcher Empidonax flaviventris Yellow Warbler Dendroicapetechia Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii CaliforniaYellow Warbler D. p. brewsten' SC Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus Sonoran Yellow Warbler D. p. sonorana SC Hamrnond's Flycatcher Empidonax hammondii Chestnut-sided Warbler Dendroica pensylvanica Dusky Flycatcher Empidonaxoberholseri Magnolia Warbler Dendroica magnolia Gray Flycatcher Empidonax wrightii Cape May Warbler Dendroica tigrina Pacific-SlopeFlycatcher Empidonax difficilis Black-throated Blue Warbler Dendroica caerulescens Cordilleran Flycatcher Empidonaxoccidentalis Yellow-rurnped Warbler Dendroica coronata Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans Black-throated Gray Warbler Dendroica nigrescens Eastern Phoebe Sayornisphoebe Townsend's Warbler Dendroica townsendi Say's Phoebe Sayornis saya Hermit Warbler Dendroica occidentalis Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus Black-throated Green Warbler Dendroica virens Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer Golden-cheeked Warbler Dendroica chrysoparia + Ash-throated Flycatcher Myiarchus cinerascens Blackburnian Warbler Dendroica fusca Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus Yellow-throatedWarbler Dendroica dominica + Brown-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus tyrannulus Grace'sWarbler Dendroica graciae + Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Myiodynastes luteiventris Pine Warbler Dendroicapinus + Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus Warbler Dendroica discolor Cassin's Kingbird Tyrannus vociferans Palm Warbler Dendroicapalmarum Thick-billed Kingbird Tyrannus crassirostris Bay-breasted Warbler Dendroica castanea Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis Blackpoll Warbler Dendroicastriata Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus CeruleanWarbler Dendroica cerulea + Scissor-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus forficatus Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla ALAUDIDAE (Larks) Prothonotary Warbler Protonotariacitrea + Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis Worm-eating Warbler Helmitheros vermivorus + Eremophila alpestris Ovenbird Seiurusaurocapillus Northern Waterthrush Seiurus noveboracensis HlRUNDlNlDAE (Swallows) Louisiana Waterthrush Seiurus motacilla + Purple Martin Progne subis Kentucky Warbler Oporornis formosus + Tree Swallow Tachycinetabicolor ConnecticutWarbler Oporornisagilis + Violet-greenSwallow Tachycinetathalassina Mourning Warbler Oporornisphiladelphia + Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryxserripennis MacGillivray's Warbler Oporornistolmiei Bank Swallow Riparia riparia Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas Cliff Swallow Hirundo pyrrhonota Hooded Warbler Wilsoniacitrina Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Wilson'sWarbler Wilsoniapusilla Warbler Wilsoniacanadensis CORVIDAE (Jays, Magpies, and Crows) Red-faced Warbler Cardellinarubrifrons + Gray Jay Perisoreuscanadensis Painted Redstart Myioborus pictus Steller's Jay Cyanocittastelleri Yellow-breastedChat lcteria virens SC Blue Jay Cyanocittacristata Hepatic Tanager Piranga flava SC Scrub Jay Aphelowma coerulescens Summer Tanager Piranga rubra SC Gymnorhinuscyanocephalus Scarlet Tanager Pirangaolivacea + Clark's Nutcracker Nucifragawlumbiana WesternTanager Piranga ludoviciana Black-billed Magpie Pica pica Northern Cardinal Cardinaliscardinalis SC, I" Yellow-billedMagpie Pica nuttalli Pyrrhuloxia Cardinalissinuatus + American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos HA Rose-breasted Grosbeak Pheucticus ludovicianus Common Ravep Corvus corax Black-headed Grosbeak Pheucticus melanocephalus Blue Grosbeak Guiracacaerulea PARIDAE (Titmice) Black-capped Chickadee Parus atricapillus SC %ardinals are native to Californiaonly marginally in the River Valley, other populations Mountain Chickadee Parusgambeli are of introduced . Chestnut-backed Chickadee Parus rufescens 126 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME CHECK-LIST OF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 131

APODIFORMES (Swiftsand Hummingbirds) Lazuli Bunting Passerina amoena Indigo Bunting Passerina cyanea APODIDAE (Swifts) Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor Black Swift Cypseloidesniger SC Passerina ciris White-collaredSwift Streptoprocnezonaris + Dickcissel Spiza arnericana Chimney Swift Chaeturapelagica Green-tailed Towhee Pipilo chlorurus Vaux's Swift Chaetura vauxi Rufous-sided Towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus White-throatedSwifi Aeronautes saxatalis CaliforniaTowhee Pipilo crissalis lnyo CaliforniaTowhee P. c. eremophilus CE, FT TROCHlLlDAE (Hummingbirds) Abert's Towhee Pipilo aberti Broad-billed Hummingbird Cyanthuslatirostris 7 Cassin'sSparrow Aimophila cassinii + Xantus' Hummingbird Hylocharis xantusii + Rufous-crowned Sparrow Airnophila ruficeps Violet-crowned Hummingbird Amazilia violiceps + American Tree Sparrow Spizellaarborea Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae + Chipping Sparrow Spizellapasserina Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris + Clay -colored Sparrow Spizellapallida Black-chinned Hummingbird Archilochus alexandri Brewer's Sparrow Spizella bre weri Anna's Hummingbird Calypteanna Field Sparrow Spizellapusilla Costa's Hummingbird Calypte costae Black-chinned Sparrow Spizella atrogularis Calliope Hummingbird Stellula calliope Vesper Sparrow Pooecetesgrarnineus Broad-tailed Hummingbird Selasphorusplatycercus Lark Sparrow Chondestesgrammacus Rufous Hummingbird Selasphorusrufus Black-throated Sparrow Amphispiza bilineata Allen's Hummingbird Selasphorussasin Sage Sparrow Amphispiza belli San Clemente Sage Sparrow A. b. clementeae CORACIIFORMES (Kingfishers and relatives) Lark Bunting Calamospizamelanocorys Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis ALCEDINIDAE (Kingfishers) Belding's savannah Sparrow P. s. beldingi Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon Large-billed Savannah Sparrow P. s. rostratus ~aird'sSparrow Ammodramus bairdii PICIFORMES (Woodpeckersand relatives) Sparrow Ammodramus savannarum Le Conte's Sparrow Ammodramus leconteii PlClDAE (Woodpeckersand Wrynecks) Sharp-tailed Sparrow Ammodramus caudacutus Lewis' Woodpecker Melanerpes lewis Sparrow Passerella iliaca Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus + Song Sparrow Melospiza rnelodia Acorn Woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus Suisun Song Sparrow M. m. maxillaris Gila Woodpecker Melanerpes uropygialis CE San Pablo Song Sparrow M. m. samuelis Yellow-belliedSapsucker Sphyrapicus varius Alameda Song Sparrow M. m. pusillula Red-naped Sapsucker Sphyrapicusnuchalis Lincoln's Sparrow Melospiza lincolnii Red-breasted Sapsucker Sphyrapicusruber Swamp Sparrow Melospizageorgiana Williamson's Sapsucker Sphyrapicusthyroideus White-throatedSparrow Zonotrichia albicollis Ladder-backed Woodpecker Picoides scalaris Golden-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichiaatricapilla Nuttall's Woodpecker Picoides nuttallii White-crownedSparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys Downy Woodpecker Picoidespubescens Harris' Sparrow Zonotrichiaquerula Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus Dark-eyed Junco Junco hyemalis White-headed Woodpecker Picoides albolarvatus Gray-headedJunco J. h. caniceps Three-toedWoodpecker Picoides tridactylus + McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii Black-backed Woodpecker Picoides arcticus Lapland Longspur Calcariuslapponicus Northern Flicker Colaptesauratus Chestnut-collared Longspur Calcarius ornatus Gilded Northern Flicker C. a. chrysoides CE Rustic Bunting Emberiza rustica Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus Snow Bunting Plectrophenaxnivalis Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus PASSERIFORMES (Perching Birds) Red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus Tricolored Blackbird Agelaius tricolor TYRANNIDAE (Tyrant Flycatchers) Western Meadowlark Sturnellaneglecta Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus borealis Yellow-headedBlackbird Xanthocephalusxanthocepha Greater Pewee Contopuspertinax Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus 132 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME CHECK-LIST OF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 125

EMBERlZlDAE (Wood Warblers, Sparrows, Blackbirds, and relatives), cont. Ringed Turtle-Dove Streptopeliarisoria Brewer's Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus Spotted Dove Streptopeliachinensis Great-tailedGrackle Quiscalus mexicanus White-winged Dove Zenaida asiatica Common Grackle Quiscalus quiscula Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura Bronzed Cowbird Molothrusaeneus Inca Dove Columbina inca Brown-headedCowbird Molothrusater Common Ground-Dove Columbinapasserina Orchard Oriole lcterus spurius Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti Hooded Oriole lcterus cucullatus Streak-backed Oriole lcteruspustulatus PSITTACIFORMES(Parrots and relatives) Northern Oriole lcterusgalbula Scott's Oriole lcterusparisorum PSlTTAClDAE (Lories, Parakeets, Macaws, and Parrots) Rose-wingedParakeet Psittacula krameri FRlNGlLLlDAE(Finches) Canary-winged Parakeet Brotogeris versicolurus Brambling Fringillamontifringilla Red-crowned Parrot Amazona viridigenalis Rosy Finch Leucostictearctoa Lilac-crowned Parrot Amazona finschi Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator Yellow-headed Parrot Amazona oratrix Purple Finch Carpodacus purpureus Cassin's Finch Carpodacuscassinii CUCULIFORMES ( and relatives) House Finch Carpodacus mexicanus Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra CUCULIDAE (Typical Cuckoos) White-winged Crossbill Loxia leucoptera Black-billedcuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus + Common Redpoll Carduelis flammea Yellow-billed Coccyzusamericanus Pine Siskin Carduelispinus CaliforniaYellow-billedCuckoo C. a. occidentalis CE Lesser Goldfinch Carduelispsaltria Geococcyx californianus Lawrence's Goldfinch Carduelislawrencei Groove-billedAni Crotophagasulcirostris + American Goldfinch Carduelis tristis Evening Grosbeak Coccothraustesvespertinus STRIGIFORMES ()

PASSERIDAE (Old World Sparrows) TYTONIDAE (Barn Owls) House Sparrow Passer domesticus I Common Barn Tyto alba CLASS: MAMMALlA (Mammals) STRlGlDAE (Typical Owls) FlammulatedOwl Otus flammeolus MARSUPIALIA () Western Screech-Owl Otus kennicottii Bubo virginianus DIDELPHIDAE(Opossums) Snowy Owl Nyctea scandiaca VirginiaOpossum Didelphis virginiana Northern Pygmy-Owl Glaucidiumgnoma Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi INSECTIVORA () Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis SORlClDAE () Northern Spotted Owl S. 0. caurina Mt. Lyell lyelli Strix varia Sorex vagrans Great Gray Owl Strixnebulosa Salt-marshWandering Shrew S. v. halicoetes Long-eared Owl Asio otus Dusky (Montane) Shrew Sorex monticolus Short-earedOwl Asio flammeus Sorex pacificus Northern Saw-whet Owl Aegolius acadicus Sorex ornatus Buena Vista Lake Shrew S. 0. relictus CAPRIMULGIFORMES (Goatsuckers and relatives) Monterey Ornate Shrew S. 0. salarius So. California Salt-marshShrew S. 0. salicornicus CAPRIMULGIDAE (~oatsuckers) Suisun Shrew s. 0. sinuosus Lesser Nighthawk Chordeilesacutipennis Santa Catalina Shrew S. 0. willetti Common Nighthawk Chordeilesminor lnyo Shrew Sorex tenellus Common Poorwill Phalaenoptilus nuttallii Water Shrew Sorex palustris Chuck-will's-widow Caprimulguscarolinensis Marsh (Pacific Water) Shrew Sorex bendirii Whip-poor-will Caprimulgusvociferus 124 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME CHECK-LIST OF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 133

SCOLOPACIDAE (Sandpipersand relatives),cont. Trowbridge's Shrew Sorex tro wbridgii Laughing Gull Larus atricilla Merriam's Shrew Sorexmerriami Franklin's Gull Larus pipixcan Desert Shrew crawfordi Little Gull Larus minutus Common Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus (Moles) Bonaparte'sGull Larus philadelphia Shrew- Neurotrichusgibbsii Heermann's Gull Larus heermanni Townsend's Mole townsendii Mew Gull Larus canus Coast Mole capa anus orarius Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis Broad-footed Mole Scapanus latimanus CaliforniaGull Larus californicus Herring Gull Larus argentatus CHIROPTERA () Thayer's Gull Larus thayeri Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus PHYLLOSTOMATIDAE(Leaf-nosed Bats) Yellow-footedGull Larus livens California Leaf-nosed Macrotus californicus SC Western Gull Larus occidentalis Mexican Long-tongued Bat Choeronycterismexicana SC Glaucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus VESPERTILIONIDAE (Evening Bats) Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifugus Sabine's Gull Xema sabini Arizona Myotis M. I. occultus Gull-billedTern Sterna nilotica Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis Caspian Tern Sterna caspia Cave Myotis Myotis velifer Royal Tern Sterna maxima Long-eared Myotis Myotis evotis ElegantTern Sterna elegans Fringed Myotis Myotis thysanodes Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis Long-legged Myotis Myotis volans Common Tern Sterna hirundo California Myotis Myotis californicus Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea Western Small-footed Myotis Myotis ciliolabrum Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri Silver-haired Bat Lasionycterisnoctivagans Least Tern Sterna antillarum Western Pipistrelle Pipistrellus hesperus California Least Tern S. a. browni CE, FE, CP Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata + Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii Black Tern Chlidonias niger Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus Black Skimmer Rynchops niger SC Southern Yellow Bat Lasiurus xanthinus Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum SC ALCIDAE (Auks, Murres, and Puffins) Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii Common Murre Uria aalge Pale Big-eared Bat P. t. pallescens SC Thick-billed Murre Uria lomvia + Townsend's Western Big-eared Bat P. t. townsendii SC Pigeon Guillemot Cepphus columba Pallid Bat Antrozous pallidus SC Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus CE Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris + MOLOSSIDAE (Free-tailed Bats) Xantus' Murrelet Synthliboramphus hypoleucus Brazilian Free-tailed Bat Tadaridabrasiliensis Craveri'sMurrelet Synthliboramphuscraveri Pocketed Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops femorosacca SC Ancient Murrelet 2$nthliboramphus antiquus Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis SC Cassin's Auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus Western Mastiff Bat Eumops perotis Parakeet Auklet ~~clorrh~nchus~sittacula+ California Mastiff Bat E. p. californicus SC Least Auklet Aethia pusilla + Crested Auklet Aethia cristatella + LAGOMORPHA (Rabbits,Hares, and Pikas) Rhinoceros Auklet Cerorhincamonocerata SC Tufted Puffin Fraterculacirrhata SC OCHOTONIDAE (Pikas) Horned Puffin Fratercula corniculata Pika Ochotonaprinceps

COLUMBIFORMES (Pigeonsand Doves) LEPORIDAE (Rabbits and Hares) Pygmy Rabbit Brachylagus idahoensis SC, HA COLUMBIDAE (Pigeons and Doves) Brush Rabbit Svlvilaaus, - bachmani HA Rock Dove Columbalivia Riparian Brush Rabbit S. b. riparius SC, HA Band-tailed Pigeon Columbafasciata Nuttall's (Mountain)Cottontail Sylvilagusnuttallii HA 134 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME CHECK-LISTOF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 123

LEPORIDAE (Rabbits and Hares),cont. RECURVIROSTRIDAE (Avocets and Stilts) Audubon's (Desert)Cottontail Sylvilagus audubonii HA Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus European Rabbit Oryctolaguscuniculus I American Avocet Recurvirostraamericana Snowshoe Hare Lepus americanus HA Snowshoe Hare L. a. klamathensis SC, HA SCOLOPACIDAE (Sandpipersand relatives) Sierra Snowshoe Hare L. a. tahoensis SC, HA Greater Yellowlegs Tringamelanoleuca White-tailed (Hare)Jackrabbit Lepus townsendii HA Lesser Yellowlegs Tringaflavipes Western White-tailed Hare L. t. townsendii SC, HA Spotted Redshank Tringaerythropus t Black-tailed (Hare)Jackrabbit Lepus californicus HA Solitary Sandpiper Tringasolitaria Willet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus RODENTIA (,Rats, Mice, and relatives) Wandering Tattler ~eteroscelusincanus Gray-tailedTattler Heteroscelus brevipes APLODONTIDAE (Mountain ) Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia Mountain Beaver Aplodontia rufa Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus Mountain Beaver A. r. californica Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda Point Arena Mountain Beaver A. r. nigra Little Curlew Numenius minutus Point Reyes Mountain Beaver A. r. phaea Whimbrel Numeniusphaeopus Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus SCIURIDAE (Squirrels,Chiamunks, and ) Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica ~l~inechipmunk Tamias alpinus Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica Least Tamias minimus Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa Yellow-pineChipmunk Tamias amoenus Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres Townsend'sChipmunk Tamias townsendii BlackTurnstone Arenaria melanocephala Sonomachipmunk Tamias sonomae Surfbird Aphriza virgata Merriam's Chipmunk Tamias merriami Red Knot Calidris canutus CaliforniaChipmunk Tamias obscurus Sanderling Calidris alba Long-eared Chipmunk Tamiasquadrimaculatus Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidrispusilla Lodgepole Chipmunk Tamias speciosus Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri Panamint Chipmunk Tamiaspanamintinus Rufous-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis UnitaChipmunk Tamias umbrinus Little Stint Calidris minuta Yellow-belliedMarmot Marmota flaviventris Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta White-tailedAntelope Ammospermophilus leucurus Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla San Joaquin (Nelson's) Ammospermophilus nelsoni CT White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis Townsend's Sperrnophilus townsendii Baird's Sandpiper Calidris bairdii Belding's Ground Squirrel beldingi Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos Rock Squirrel Spermophilus variegatus Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata CaliforniaGround Squirrel Spermophilus beecheyi Rock Sandpiper Calidrisptilocnemis Mohave Ground Squirrel Spermophilus mohavensis CT Dunlin Calidris alpha Round-tailed Ground Sauirrel Spermophilus tereticaudua Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea Palm Springs round Squirrel 's. t. chlorus Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himanto~us Golden-mantled Ground Sauirrel Spermophilus lateralis Buff-breastedSandpiper ~r~n~itessubruficollis Gray Squirrel Sciurus carolinensis Ruff Philomachuspugnax Western Gray Squirrel Sciurus griseus Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromusgriseus Fox Squirrel Sciurus niger Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolo~aceus Douglas' Squirrel Tamiasciurusdouglasii Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus Northern Flying Squirrel Glaucomyssabrinus Common Snipe Gallinagogallinago San Bernardino Flying Squirrel G. s. californicus Wilson'sPhalarope Phalaropus tricolor

GEOMYIDAE (Pocket Gophers) SCOLOPACIDAE (Sandpipersand relatives) Botta's Pocket Goaher Thomomysbottae Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus Amargosa pocket Gopher T. b. amargosae Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicaria Townsend's Pocket Goaher Thomomystownsendii Pornarine Jaeger Stercorariuspomarinus Northern Pocket Gopher Thomomys talpoides Parasitic Jaeger Stercorariusaarasiticus Western Pocket Gopher Thomomysmazama Long-tailed Jaeger ~tercorariusion~icaudus Mountain Pocket Gopher Thomomysmonticola South Polar Skua Catharactamaccormicki 122 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME, CHECK-LIST OF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 135

GALLIFORMES (, , Pheasants, and relatives) (Pocket Mice and Rats) Little Pocket longimembris PHASlANlDAE (Quails, Pheasants, and relatives) Los Angeles Pocket Mouse P. I. brevinasus SC Chukar Alectoris chukar I, HA Pacific Pocket Mouse P. I. pacificus SC Ring-neckedPheasant Phasianus colchicus I, HA San Joaquin Pocket Mouse Perognathus inornatus Common Peafowl Pavo cristatus I? San Joaquin Pocket Mouse P. i. inornatus SC Blue Dendragapus obscurus HA Salinas Pocket Mouse P. i. psammophilus SC White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus I Pocket Mouse Perognathusparvus Ruffed Grouse Bonasa umbellus SC, HA White-eared Pocket Mouse Perognathus alticolus Sage Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus SC, HA White-eared Pocket Mouse P. a. alticolus SC Sharp-tailedGrouse Tympanuchusphasianellus SC Tehachapi Pocket Mouse P. a. inexpectatus SC Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo I, HA Yellow-eared Pocket Mouse Perognathusxanthonotus Gambel's Quail Callipeplagambelii HA Long-tailed Pocket Mouse formosus CaliforniaQuail Callipeplacalifornica HA Bailey's Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus baileyi Oreortyx pictus HA Desert Pocket Mouse Chaetodipuspenicillatus San Diego Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus fallax GRUIFORMES (Cranes, Rails, and relatives) California Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus californicus Spiny Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus spinatus RALLIDAE (Rails, Gallinules, and Coots) Dark Microdipodops megacephalus Yellow Rail Coturnicopsnoveboracensis SC t MicrodiRodo~s all id us Black Rail ~aterallu~amaicensis Ord's ~i~odo'm~sor& California Black Rail L. j. coturniculus CT, CP Chisel-toothedKangaroo Rat Dipodomys microps Clapper Rail Rallus longirostris Big-earei "\-mgaroo Rat Dipodomys elephantinus CaliforniaClapper Rail R. I. obsoletus CE, FE, CP Narrow-rticr -t Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys venustus Light-footedClapper Rail R. I. levipes CE, FE, CP Pacific (Ap-) Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys agilis Yuma Clapper Rail R. I. yumanensis CT, FE, CP Heermann's Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys heermanni Virginia Rail Rallus limicola Marysville Kangaroo Rat D. h. eximus SC Sora Porzana carolina Morro Bay Kangaroo Rat D. h. morroensis CE, FE, CP PurpleGallinule Porphyrula martinica + California Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys californicus Common Moorhen Gallinulachloro~us HA Dipodomys ingens CE. FE American Coot Fulica americana HA Dipodomyspanamintinus Stephens' Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys stephensi CT, FE GRUIDAE (Cranes) Dipodomys deserti Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis Merriam's Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys merriami Greater Sandhill Crane G. c. tabida CT, CP San Joaquin (Fresno) Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys nitratoides Tipton Kangaroo Rat D. n. nitratoides CE, FE CHARADRIIFORMES (Shorebirds, Gulls, and relatives) Fresno Kangaroo Rat D. n. exilis CE, FE Short-nosed Kangaroo Rat D. n. brevinasus SC CHARADRHDAE (Plovers and relatives) Black-bellied Plover Pluvialissquatarola CASTORIDAE () Lesser Golden-Plover Pluvialisdominica Beaver Castorcanadensis MongolianPlover Charadrius mongolus + Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus CRlCETlDAE (Native Mice, Rats, and ) Western Snowy Plover C. a. nivosus SC Western Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis Wilson's Plover Charadrius wilsonia + So. Marsh Harvest Mouse R. m. limicola Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus Santa Cruz Harvest Mouse R. m. santacruzae Piping Plover Charadrius melodus + Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomysraviventris CE, FE, CP Killdeer Charadrius vociferus Cactus Mouse Peromyscus eremicus Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus SC CaliforniaMouse Peromyscus californicus Eurasian Dotterel Charadrius morinellus + Deer Mouse Peromyscus maniculatus Anacapa Island Deer Mouse P. m. anacapae SC HAEMATOPODIDAE (Oystercatchers) San Clemente Deer Mouse P. m. clementis SC American Oystercatcher Haematopuspalliatus + Black Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani QSomepopulations were introduced into the Sierra Nevada and Southern California from stock taken from Oregon and . 140 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME CHECK-LIST OF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 117

American Ornithologists' Union. 1989. Thirty-seventh supplement to the American Sierra Night X. v. sierrae SC Ornithologists' Union check-list of North American birds. Auk 106532-538. Island riversiana FT, SC Banks, R.C. 1988. Obsolete English names of North American birds and their modem SClNClDAE () equivalents. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Res. Publ. NO. 194. Western Eumecesskiltonianus Binford, L.C. 1986. Checklist of California birds. Western Birds 17:l-16. Coronado Skink E. s. interparietalis SC California Department of Fish and Game. 1988. California's Fully Protected Birds, Gilbert's Skink Eumecesgilberti Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish-March 1988). California Dep. Fish and Game, Sacramento, Calif. 4 pp. TEllDAE (Whiptails and relatives) California Department of Fish and Game. 1990. and of Special Orange-throated Whiptail Cnemidophorus hyperythrus SC Concern (May 1990). California Dep. Fish and Game, Nongame Bird and Mammal Western Whiptail Cnemidophorus tigris Division, Sacramento, Calif. 2 pp. California Department of Fish and Game. 1991~. State and Federal Endangered and (Alligator and relatives) Southern Alligator Lizard Elgaria multicarinata Threatened of California (July 1991). California Dep. Fish and Game, Panamint Alligator Lizard Elgaria panamintina Sacramento, Calif. 5 pp. Northern Alligator Lizard Elgaria coerulea California Department of Fish and Game. 1991h. Special animals (August 1991). California Dep. Fish and Game, Sacramento, Calif. ANNlELLlDAE (California Legless Lizards) Collins, J.T., J.E. Huheey, J.L. Knight, and H.M. Smith. 1978. Standard common and current California Legless Lizard Anniella pulchra scientific names for North American amphibians and reptiles. Society for the Study of Silvery Legless Lizard A. p. pulchra Amphibians and Reptiles, Misc. Publ., Herp. Circ. No. 7. Black Legless Lizard A. p. nigra Collins, J.T., R. Conant, J.E. Huheey, J.L. Knight, E.M. Rundquist, and H.M. Smith. 1982. HELODERMATIDAE (Venomous Lizards) Standard common and current scientific names for North American amphibians and Gila Monster suspectum reptiles. Second Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Misc. Publ., Herp. Circ. No. 12. (Slender Blind ) Collins, J.T. 1990. Standard common and current scientific names for North American Western Blind humilis amphibians and reptiles. Third Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Misc. Publ., Herp. Circ. No. 19. (Boas) Dunn, J. 1988. Tenth report of the California Bird Records Committee. Western Birds Rubber Charinabottae Southern C. b. umbratica 19:129-163. Lichanura trivirgata Jennings, M.R. 1983. An annotated check list of the Amphibians and Reptiles of California. California Fish and Game 69: 151 - 17 1. (Colubrids) Jennings, M.R. 1987. Annotated check list of the Amphibians and Reptiles of California, Ringneck Snake Diadophispunctatus second edition. Southwestern Herpetologists Society, Sp. Publ. No. 3. Sharp-tailed Snake Contia tenuis Jennings. M.R. 1988. Jennings' reply [to Joseph T. Collins' The SSAR common names List- Spotted Leaf-nosed Snake Phyllorhynchus decurtatus a response to Jennings]. Herpetology 18: 1 1- 13. Racer Coluberconstrictor Jones, J.K., Jr., D.C. Carter, H.H. Genoways, R.S. Hoffman, and D.W. Rice. 1982. Revised Coachwhip flagellum checklist of North American mammals north of , 1982. Occasional Papers, San Joaquin Whipsnake M. f. ruddocki Striped Racer (CaliforniaWhipsnake) Masticophis lateralis Museum, Tech University, No. 80. Alameda Striped Racer () M. 1. euryxanthus Jones, J.K., Jr., D.C. Carter, H.H. Genoways, R.S. Hoffman, D.W. Rice, and C. Jones. 1986. Masticophis taeniatus Revised checklist of North American mammals north of Mexico, 1986. Occasional Rat Snake Elaphe rosaliae Papers, Museum, Texas Tech University, No. 107. Western Patch-nosed Snake Salvadora hexalepis Laudenslayer, W.F., Jr., and W.E. Grenfeil, Jr. 1983. A list of amphibians, reptiles, birds Coast Patch-nosed Snake S. h. virgultea and mammals of California. Outdoor California 44(1):5-14. Glossy Snake Arizona elegans Patten, M.A. 1991. An update from the California Bird Records Committee. Western Birds Gopher Snake Pituophis melanoleucus Common Kingsnake Lampropeltisgetulus 22:95. California Mountain Kingsnake Lampropeltis zonata Remsen, J.V., Jr. 1978. Bird Species of Special Concern in California. California San Diego Mountain Kingsnake L. z. pulchra Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, Wildlife Management Branch Admistrative Long-nosed Snake Rhinocheilus lecontei Report 78- 1. Common Garter Snake Thamnophis (Nerodia)sirtalis Roberson, D. 1986. Ninth report of the California Bird Records Committee. Western Birds San Francisco Garter Snake T. (N.) s. tetrataenia CE, FE, CP 17:49-77. Western Terrestrial Garter Snake Thamnophis (Nerodia) elegans 116 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME CHECK-LISTOF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 141

TESTUDINIDAE (True Land Tortoises) Roberson, D. 1989. News from the California Bird Records Committee. Western Birds Gopherus (Xerobates) agassizii CT, FT 20:269-276. Shapovalov, L., A.J. Cordone, and W.A. Dill. 198 1. A list of the freshwater and anadromous CHELONllDAE (Sea Turtles) fishes of California. Calif. Fish and Game 67:4-38. Chelonia mydas FT Green Turtle + Stebbins, R.C. 1985. A field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. Second Edition. Loggerhead Caretta caretta FT + Pacific Ridley Lepidochelys olivacea FT + Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. 336 pp. Hawksbill Eretmochelysimbricata FE + Williams, D.F. 1979. Checklist of California mammals. Annals of Carnegie Museum 48:425-433. DERMOCHELYIDAE (LeatherbackTurtles) Williams, D.F. 1986. Mammalian Species of Special Concern in California California Leatherback Dermochelyscoriacea FE + Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento,Wildlife Management Division Admistrative Report 86- 1. TRIONYCHIDAE (SoftshellTurtles) Spiny Softshell Trionyxspiniferus I

SQUAMATA (Lizards and Snakes)

GEKKONIDAE () Western Banded (Banded Geck~)~ variegatus Switack's Banded Gecko (Switak's Geck~)~ Coleonyx switaki CT Leaf-toedGecko Phyllodactylusxanti MediterraneanGecko turcicus I

IGUANIDAE (Iguanids) Desert Dipsosaurus dorsalis Common Sauromalusobesus Zebra-tailedLizard Callisaurus draconoides Colorado Desert Fringe-toedLizard Uma notata SC CoachellaValley Fringe-toedLizard Uma inornata CE, FT Mojave Fringe-toedLizard Uma scoparia SC Desert Collared Lizard Crotaphytus insularis Long-nosed Leopard Lizard Gambelia wislizenii Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard Gambelia silus CE, FE, CP Desert Spiny Lizard Sceloporus magister Granite Spiny Lizard Sceloporus orcutti Sceloporus occidentalis Sagebrush Lizard Sceloporusgraciosus Side-blotched Lizard Uta stansburiana Long-tailedBrush Lizard Urosaurus graciosus Tree Lizard Urosaurus ornatus Small-scaled Lizard Urosaurus microscutatus Banded Rock Lizard Petrosaurus mearnsi Coast Horned Lizard Phrynosomacoronatum San Diego Horned Lizard P. c. blainvillei SC California HornedLizard P. c. frontale SC Desert Horned Lizard Phrynosomaplatyrhhos Short-horned Lizard Phrynosomadouglassii Flat-tailedHorned Lizard Phrynosomamcallii SC . XANTUSIIDAE (Night Lizards) Xantusia henshawi X. h. gracilis SC Xantusia vigilis

Some authors place banded geckos in the (Eyelid Geckos)i CHECK-LIST OF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS 11 1

NAMING CONVENTIONS AND STATUS

Amphibians and Reptiles

There are a number of formal lists of amphibians and reptiles that can be used to standardize the nomenclature of these species. Collins et al. (1978,1982) and Collins (1990) attempted to provide a standard list of amphibians and reptiles for . Although the Collins (1990) list is quite recent, many of the naming conventions for vernacular and scientific names are not well accepted by herpetologists, especially in the western (e.g., see Stebbins 1985, Jennings 1988). Jennings (1987) produced a comprehensive list of species and subspecies found in California; however, genera, species, and subspecies are organized alphabetically rather than in a phylogenetic order. Stebbins (1985), in the most recent update of his field guide to western amphibians and reptiles, organized the species list phylogenetically. We followed the order set forth by Stebbins (1985) and used Jennings (1987) as an additional source for species found in California. We prefer and generally used the scientific names from Stebbins (1985) but have also included names from Jennings (1987) where appropriate. Names and relationships of amphibians and reptiles are currently undergoing many changes as new information accumulates. As an example, the Batr-achosepsis currently under intense study and changes in the list of species of this genus may occur in the next several years. Thus, the nomenclature of these groups is relatively unstable. We have taken a conservative approach when applying names to these species, and it is clear that a revision of these taxa will be necessary in a relatively short time. Names of amphibians and reptiles considered by the Federal government to be Threatened or Endangered are taken from the Code of Federal Regulations (50 CFR 17.1 1); whereas those listed by the State of California are from the California Administrative Code (Title 14, Section 670.5) (see also CDF&G 1991a, 1991h for a complete listing of these species). Amphibians and reptiles currently listed as California Fully Protected are from the Fish and Game Code of California (Section 5050); Amphibians and Reptiles of Special Concern are taken from CDF&G (1991h).

Birds

We based the organization and nomenclature for species of birds and higher taxa on the work of the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) Committee on Classification and Nomenclature (AOU 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1989); names for subspecies are from the Fifth Edition of the AOU Check-list of North American Birds (1957). Binford (1986) provided the most recent found in California, and Roberson (1986, 1989), Dunn (1988), Patten (1991) and Don Roberson (pers. comm.) provided us with additional information from recent decisions of the California Bird Record Committee. Our list differs slightly from that of Binford 110 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME grouped into or split out of other species; names, especially scientific names, have changed; and species and subspecies have been added to the various California and Federal lists of Threatened and Endangered species and California Species of Special Concern. Our list, then, is a revision intended to bring the Laudenslayer and Grenfell (1983) list up to date (as of July 1991). Because knowledge of the systematic relationships of animals is always changing and additional species are being added to the list of California's fauna, it is likely that this list will be out-of-date in a relatively short time. Therefore, this list should be considered a working list, and it will be necessary to initiate a process to issue updates periodically.

OBJECTIVES

The purposes of this list are to (1) provide users with a list of amphibian, , bird, and mammal species that can be found in California and adjacent waters, (2) promote standardized usage of vernacular and scientific names for these species, and (3) identify those species and subspecies that currently appear on various California and Federal lists of species with special legal status. The list includes those introduced species that are relatively widespread in the State. We did not include those species that formerly existed within the borders of California and are now extinct. Because, for some species, a number of vernacular names may exist (e.g., see Banks 1988), we have provided alternative names for some species; our preferred name is the first presented. We have also included alternative scientific names for those species that are undergoing taxonomic revision. As with vernacular names, our preferred name is the first presented. We have attempted to place species in phylogenetic order to illustrate potential relationships, recognizing that such relationships are not very well known for many taxa and are subject to change as more is learned about phylogenetic relationships. The various California and Federal lists of species that have legal status or are of concern are also continually changing. We have incorporated the most recent information available. We differ from the current California list of species of Special Concern because we have used the subspecies names from the original publications (Remsen 1978, Williams 1986) that describe why each taxon was of concern rather than merely listing the species name. We hope that this list will help standardize species names and improve communications about wildlife issues in California. We recommend that, as new information becomes available, this list be reexamined periodically and, if appropriate, updated. REPRINT FROM CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME Calif. Fish and Game 77(3):109-141 1991

A CHECK-LIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS OF CALIFORNIA

WILLIAM F. LAUDENSLAYER, JR.' Pacific Southwest Research Station USDA Forest Service 2081 E. Sierra Ave. Fresno, California 9371 0

WILLIAM E. GRENFELL, JR. Wildlife Management Division California Department of Fish and Game 1416 Ninth St. Sacramento, California 95814

and

DAVID C. ZEINER Wildlife Management Division California Department of Fish and Game 1701 Nimbus Rd. Rancho Cordova, California 95670

The following is a check-list of the species of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals found in California and adjacent off-shore waters. The list is presented, to the extent possible, in phylogenetic order and includes vernacular and scientific names for each species. Information is also provided on the legal status of those species and subspecies that appear on California and Federal lists of Threatened and Endangered species. California Species of Special Concern (an informal designation used by the California Department of Fish and Game) are also included in the list. Subspecies are included in this check-list only when they appear on any of the preceding lists. This list includes 933 species representing 438 genera and 126 families.

INTRODUCTION

Although lists of species for various classes of vertebrates exist for California (e.g., Williams 1979, Shapovalov et al. 1981, Jennings 1983, 1987, Binford 1986), until 1983, there was no recent, combined list of the species of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals for the State (Laudenslayer and Grenfell 1983). However, animals and their names do not remain static. Since 1983, a number of species, principally birds, have been added to the list of California's fauna; species have been ,

'Mailing address: PSW, Tahoe National Forest, 631 St., P.O. Box 6003,Nevada City, California 95959-6003 109 /