The Designated-Hitter Rule in Baseball As a Natural Experiment
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Defense of Baseball
In#Defense#of#Baseball# ! ! On!Thursday!afternoon,!May!21,!Madison!Bumgarner!of!the!Giants!and! Clayton!Kershaw!of!the!Dodgers,!arguably!the!two!premiere!left@handers!in!the! National!League,!faCed!off!in!San!FranCisCo.!The!first!run!of!the!game!Came!in!the! Giants’!third,!when!Bumgarner!led!off!with!a!line!drive!home!run!into!the!left@field! bleaChers.!It!was!Bumgarner’s!seventh!Career!home!run,!and!the!first!Kershaw!had! ever!surrendered!to!another!pitCher.!In!the!top!of!the!fourth,!Kershaw!Came!to!bat! with!two!on!and!two!out.!Bumgarner!obliged!him!with!a!fastball!on!a!2@1!count,!and! Kershaw!lifted!a!fairly!deep,!but!harmless,!fly!ball!to!Center!field.!The!Giants!went!on! to!win,!4@0.!Even!though!the!pitChing!matChup!was!the!main!point!of!interest!in!the! game,!the!result!really!turned!on!that!exchange!of!at@bats.!Kershaw!couldn’t!do!to! Bumgarner!what!Bumgarner!had!done!to!him.! ! ! A!week!later,!the!Atlanta!Braves!were!in!San!FranCisCo,!and!the!Giants!sent! rookie!Chris!Heston!to!the!mound,!against!the!Braves’!Shelby!Miller.!Heston!and! Miller!were!even!better!than!Bumgarner!and!Kershaw!had!been,!and!the!game! remained!sCoreless!until!Brandon!Belt!reaChed!Miller!for!a!solo!home!run!in!the! seventh.!Miller!was!due!to!bat!seCond!in!the!eighth!inning,!and!with!the!Braves! behind!with!only!six!outs!remaining,!manager!Fredi!Gonzalez!elected!to!pinch@hit,! even!though!Miller!had!only!thrown!86!pitches.!The!Braves!failed!to!score,!and!with! the!Braves’!starter!out!of!the!game,!the!Giants!steamrolled!the!Braves’!bullpen!for! six!runs!in!the!bottom!of!the!eighth.!They!won!by!that!7@0!score.! -
How to Maximize Your Baseball Practices
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the author. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ii DEDICATED TO ••• All baseball coaches and players who have an interest in teaching and learning this great game. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to\ thank the following individuals who have made significant contributions to this Playbook. Luis Brande, Bo Carter, Mark Johnson, Straton Karatassos, Pat McMahon, Charles Scoggins and David Yukelson. Along with those who have made a contribution to this Playbook, I can never forget all the coaches and players I have had the pleasure tf;> work with in my coaching career who indirectly have made the biggest contribution in providing me with the incentive tQ put this Playbook together. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS BASEBALL POLICIES AND REGULATIONS ......................................................... 1 FIRST MEETING ............................................................................... 5 PLAYER INFORMATION SHEET .................................................................. 6 CLASS SCHEDULE SHEET ...................................................................... 7 BASEBALL SIGNS ............................................................................. 8 Receiving signs from the coach . 9 Sacrifice bunt. 9 Drag bunt . 10 Squeeze bunt. 11 Fake bunt and slash . 11 Fake bunt slash hit and run . 11 Take........................................................................................ 12 Steal ....................................................................................... -
St. Louis Amateur Baseball Association Playing Rules
ST. LOUIS AMATEUR BASEBALL ASSOCIATION PLAYING RULES 1.00 ENTRY FEE 1.01 Entry fees, covering association-operating costs, will be paid by each participating team during the year and shall be the responsibility of the head of the organization. Costs should be determined no later than the January regular meeting. 1.02 A deposit of $250.00 will be made at the January meeting by the first team in each organization. Additional teams in an organization will make deposits of $100.00. 1.03 Full payment of all fees shall be due no later than the May regular meeting with the exception of the 14 and 13 & under teams that shall be paid in March. 1.04 Entry fees shall include: affiliation fees, insurance, game balls, trophies, banquet reservations, awards, and any other fee determined by the Executive Board. 1.05 Umpire fees are not part of the entry fee; each team is required to pay one umpire directly on the field prior to the commencement of the game. Umpires are to be paid the exact contracted fee, no more and no less. 2.00 ELIGIBLE PLAYERS, TERRITORIES & RECRUITING 2.01 Eligible Players Each organization can draw players who attend any public or private high school in the immediate St. Louis metropolitan area or adjoining counties (the player’s legal residence is the address recorded at the school the player attends as of March 31 of the current year). While programs do not have exclusive rights to players from “base schools,” the spirit of this rule is that the majority of an organization’s players should be recruited from within a reasonable distance to the home field of that organization. -
CWS Series Records
CWS Series Records Individual Batting ................................................................... 2 Individual Pitching ................................................................. 2-3 Individual Fielding .................................................................. 3-4 Team Batting ............................................................................. 4 Team Pitching ........................................................................... 4-5 Team Fielding ........................................................................... 5 2 CWS Series Records 1.250 (20-16), Mark Kotsay, Cal St. Fullerton, 4 games, 1995 Batting - Individidual 1.250 (20-16), Kole Calhoun, Arizona St., 4 games, 2009 1.200 (18-15), Scott Schroeffel, Tennessee, 4 games, 1995 1.176 (20-17), Danny Matienzo, Miami (FL), 4 games, 2001 HIGHEST BATTING AVERAGE (mINIMUM 15 AT BATS) *.714 (10-14), Jim Morris, Notre Dame, 4 games, 1957 MOST RUNS BATTED IN .611 (11-18), John Gall, Stanford, 4 games, 1999 17, Stan Holmes, Arizona St., 6 games, 1981 .600 (9-15), Robin Ventura, Oklahoma St., 4 games, 1986 13, Robb Gorr, Southern California, 6 games, 1998 .588 (10-17), Jay Pecci, Stanford, 4 games, 1997 12, Russ Morman, Wichita St., 5 games, 1982 .588 (10-17), Danny Matienzo, Miami (FL), 4 games, 2001 12, Todd Walker, LSU, 5 games, 1993 .571 (12-21), Steve Pearce, South Carolina, 5 games, 2004 11, Bob Horner, Arizona St., 5 games, 1978 .563 (9-16), Mark Standiford, Wichita St., 4 games, 1988 11, Martin Peralta, Arizona St., 6 games, 1988 .563 (9-16), -
Pensacola Blue Wahoos Double-A Affiliate Miami Marlins Double-A South Game #8, Home Game #2 (0-1), Pensacola Blue Wahoos (4-3) Vs
2021 Game Notes Pensacola Blue Wahoos Double-A Affiliate Miami Marlins www.BlueWahoos.com/Media Double-A South Game #8, Home Game #2 (0-1), Pensacola Blue Wahoos (4-3) vs. Birmingham Barons (6-1), 6:35 PM CT Probable Pitching Matchup RHP Kade McClure (0-0, 1.80) vs. LHP Jake Eder (1-0, 0.00) Wednesday, May 12, Birmingham Barons vs. Pensacola Blue Wahoos, 6:35 PM CT Thursday, May 13, Birmingham Barons vs. Pensacola Blue Wahoos, 6:35 PM, RHP Emilo Vargas (1-0, 3.60) vs. LHP Brandon Leibrandt (0-0, 0.00) Friday, May 14, Birmingham Barons vs. Pensacola Blue Wahoos, 6:35 PM, LHP Konnor Pilkington (1-0, 1.80) vs. RHP Jeff Lindgren (0-1, 7.20) Saturday, May 15, Birmingham Barons vs. Pensacola Blue Wahoos, 6:05 PM, LHP John Parke (0-0, 4.50) vs. LHP Will Stewart (0-1, 9.00) Sunday, May 16, Birmingham Barons vs. Pensacola Blue Wahoos, 2:05 PM, TBA vs. TBA Monday, May 17, OFF DAY 2021 At A Glance Blue Wahoos vs. Barons Record 4-3, 1st, -- GB 2021 Overall: 0-1 Home: 0-1 Away: 0-0 Home Attendance (Total/Average) 3,669/3,669 2019 Overall: 5-6 Home: 4-1 Away: 1-5 Come From Behind Wins 1 2018 Overall: 4-6 Home: 2-3 Away: 2-3 Last Shutout By Blue Wahoos (0 in 2021) 9/2/19 at MTG (8-0) 2017 Overall: 6-4 Home: 4-1 Away: 2-3 Last Shutout By Opponent 8/19/19 at MIS (0-1; F/7) Vs. -
Baseball in Japan and the US History, Culture, and Future Prospects by Daniel A
Sports, Culture, and Asia Baseball in Japan and the US History, Culture, and Future Prospects By Daniel A. Métraux A 1927 photo of Kenichi Zenimura, the father of Japanese-American baseball, standing between Lou Gehrig and Babe Ruth. Source: Japanese BallPlayers.com at http://tinyurl.com/zzydv3v. he essay that follows, with a primary focus on professional baseball, is intended as an in- troductory comparative overview of a game long played in the US and Japan. I hope it will provide readers with some context to learn more about a complex, evolving, and, most of all, Tfascinating topic, especially for lovers of baseball on both sides of the Pacific. Baseball, although seriously challenged by the popularity of other sports, has traditionally been considered America’s pastime and was for a long time the nation’s most popular sport. The game is an original American sport, but has sunk deep roots into other regions, including Latin America and East Asia. Baseball was introduced to Japan in the late nineteenth century and became the national sport there during the early post-World War II period. The game as it is played and organized in both countries, however, is considerably different. The basic rules are mostly the same, but cultural differences between Americans and Japanese are clearly reflected in how both nations approach their versions of baseball. Although players from both countries have flourished in both American and Japanese leagues, at times the cultural differences are substantial, and some attempts to bridge the gaps have ended in failure. Still, while doubtful the Japanese version has changed the American game, there is some evidence that the American version has exerted some changes in the Japanese game. -
Name of the Game: Do Statistics Confirm the Labels of Professional Baseball Eras?
NAME OF THE GAME: DO STATISTICS CONFIRM THE LABELS OF PROFESSIONAL BASEBALL ERAS? by Mitchell T. Woltring A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Leisure and Sport Management Middle Tennessee State University May 2013 Thesis Committee: Dr. Colby Jubenville Dr. Steven Estes ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would not be where I am if not for support I have received from many important people. First and foremost, I would like thank my wife, Sarah Woltring, for believing in me and supporting me in an incalculable manner. I would like to thank my parents, Tom and Julie Woltring, for always supporting and encouraging me to make myself a better person. I would be remiss to not personally thank Dr. Colby Jubenville and the entire Department at Middle Tennessee State University. Without Dr. Jubenville convincing me that MTSU was the place where I needed to come in order to thrive, I would not be in the position I am now. Furthermore, thank you to Dr. Elroy Sullivan for helping me run and understand the statistical analyses. Without your help I would not have been able to undertake the study at hand. Last, but certainly not least, thank you to all my family and friends, which are far too many to name. You have all helped shape me into the person I am and have played an integral role in my life. ii ABSTRACT A game defined and measured by hitting and pitching performances, baseball exists as the most statistical of all sports (Albert, 2003, p. -
An Unpredictable King – More Than a Man Series
AN UNPREDICTABLE KING – MORE THAN A MAN SERIES It has been said before that the most difficult thing to do in all of sports is to hit a live baseball. The most difficult thing to do in all of sports according to some sports experts is to hit a live baseball. And it can become more and more difficult the more the pitcher develops in his skills to pitch. It gets harder from little league to junior high to high school to college to professional ball and ultimately to the major leagues. Now if you know anything about baseball a wise coach only lets a pitcher when he is young throw one pitch. And what is that pitch? It is the fast ball. And why does a coach not allow a pitcher to throw other pitches like curve balls? It is because of injuries. They don’t want the pitcher to injure their shoulder, and in particular their elbow, because what takes place when a pitcher throws a curve ball is the twisting motion can create some serious elbow issues. But what happens is, as the pitcher learns to master different pitches, he becomes more unpredictable to the batter. In little league the batter knows what he is facing, it will be a fast ball. Now the batter does not know how accurate the fast ball is going to be, but the batter knows that he is going to face a fast ball. But when a person gets into college level baseball and into the major leagues, a pitcher by that time has mastered three to four, and some pitchers may have five different pitches that they have mastered. -
Rule Modifications
BASEBALL COACHES MANUAL Appendix F — Rule Modifications NAIA baseball will follow NCAA Baseball Playing Rules with approved NAIA modifications. Wih the change in NCAA rules the modifications listed below are the only current modifications to the NCAA Baseball Rules that will be in effect for the 2018-19 baseball season. Any future modifications to the NCAA Rules must be passed by the NAIA Baseball Coaches Association (NAIA-BCA) and approved by the NAIA National Administrative Council (NAC). NCAA RULE 5-5 – NAIA RE-ENTRY RULE MODIFICATION Any of the starting players, with the exception of the pitcher and the designated hitter, may withdraw from the game and re- enter once, provided such players occupy the same batting position whenever they re-enter the lineup. Starting pitchers and designated hitters who change positions later in the same game are NOT eligible to re-enter; because their original starting position was either pitcher or designated hitter. A defensive substitution cannot be made unless the team wanting to make the substitution is playing defense at the time. NCAA RULE 5-5 – NAIA COURTESY RUNNER RULE MODIFICATION Teams have the option to use a courtesy runner for the pitcher/designated hitter or catcher at any time. For speed-up purposes, it is recommended that the courtesy runner be used with two men out in all games. The courtesy runner, although never officially in the game, will be credited with the following: A. Run scored B. Stolen base C. Caught stealing The courtesy runner rule does not apply to a pinch-hitter for the catcher unless the catcher has been re-entered. -
Organizational Differences Between US Major Leagues and European
Working Paper Series, Paper No. 11-05 Organizational Differences between U.S. Major Leagues and European Leagues: Implications for Salary Caps Helmut Dietl†, Egon Franck††, Markus Lang††† and Alexander Rathke††††, March 2011 Abstract This paper outlines and compares the organizational structure of major sports leagues, explores the reasoning behind their formation, and derives implications for salary caps in European football. To understand why sports leagues have developed a specific organizational structure, one must take the economic peculiarities of team sports leagues into consideration. For this purpose, we analyze the production process and illuminate its major peculiarities. For example, we present the difference between economic competition and competition on the pitch and discuss the consequences of this distinction for an attractive final product. Furthermore, we show that a hold-up problem exists between the two stages of the production process and demonstrate how these problems are overcome by the organizational structure chosen by sports leagues. We also outline the differences between the U.S. major leagues and European leagues and document recent developments in that context. Finally, based on this comparative †Institute for Strategy and Business Economics, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 14 CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland, Phone: +41 (0) 44 634 53 11, Fax: +41 (0) 44 634 53 01, [email protected] ††Institute for Strategy and Business Economics, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 14 CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland, -
2009 Stanford Baseball Baseball Contact: Matt Hodson Email: [email protected] • Office Phone: (650) 725-2959 • Cell Phone: (650) 704-2242
2009 STANFORD BASEBALL Baseball Contact: Matt Hodson Email: [email protected] • Office Phone: (650) 725-2959 • Cell Phone: (650) 704-2242 2009 Stanford Regular Season Schedule STANFORD CARDINAL (13-13) vs. CALIFORNIA GOLDEN BEARS (15-17) Monday, April 13 • 5:00 p.m. • Klein Field at Sunken Diamond (Stanford, CA) Date Opponent Time/Result LHP Scott Snodgress (0-2, 6.60) vs. RHP Kevin Miller (1-2, 4.18) 2/20 Vanderbilt W, 6-5 (10) 2/21 Vanderbilt (Gm. 1) L, 9-12 Vanderbilt (Gm. 2) W, 6-5 2/22 UC Riverside Rained Out 2/25 Saint Mary’s L, 3-5 STANFORD CARDINAL (13-13) at SANTA CLARA BRONCOS (13-17) 2/27 at No. 7 Cal State Fullerton L, 1-8 Wednesday, April 15 • 6:00 p.m. • Schott Stadium (Santa Clara, CA) 2/28 at No. 7 Cal State Fullerton L, 2-3 Both clubs are undecided 3/1 at No. 7 Cal State Fullerton L, 3-9 3/5 Saint Mary’s L, 5-6 All times Pacific; every game is broadcast on KZSU (90.1 FM) and gostanford.com 3/6 No. 2 Texas^ L, 2-6 3/7 No. 2 Texas W, 7-1 Stanford Reaches Halfway Point of Regular Season With Two Midweek Games 3/8 No. 2 Texas L, 1-5 Winners of four of its past five games, seven of its past nine contests and nine of its past 12 out- 3/21 at California* L, 6-7 ings, the Stanford Cardinal (13-13) will reach the halfway point of its 2009 regular season with a pair 3/22 at California* W, 6-5 (12) 3/23 at California* L, 4-11 of midweek games. -
Official Baseball Rules: 2011 Edition
2011 EDITION OFFICIAL RULES OFFICIAL BASEBALL RULES DIVISIONS OF THE CODE 1.00 Objectives of the Game, the Playing Field, Equipment. 2.00 Definition of Terms. 3.00 Game Preliminaries. 4.00 Starting and Ending the Game. 5.00 Putting the Ball in Play, Dead Ball and Live Ball (in Play). 6.00 The Batter. 7.00 The Runner. 8.00 The Pitcher. 9.00 The Umpire. 10.00 The Official Scorer. Recodified, amended and adopted by Professional Baseball Playing Rules Committee at New York, N.Y., December 21, 1949; amended at New York, N.Y., February 5, 1951; Tampa, Fla., March 14, 1951; Chicago, Ill., March 3, 1952; New York, N.Y., November 4, 1953; New York, N.Y., December 8, 1954; Chicago, Ill., November 20, 1956; Tampa, Fla., March 30-31, 1961; Tampa, Fla., November 26, 1961; New York, N.Y., January 26, 1963; San Diego, Calif., December 2, 1963; Houston, Tex., December 1, 1964; Columbus, Ohio., November 28, 1966; Pittsburgh, Pa., December 1, 1966; Mexico City, Mexico, November 27, 1967; San Francisco, Calif., December 3, 1968; New York, N.Y., January 31, 1969; Fort Lauderdale, Fla., December 1, 1969; Los Angeles, Calif., November 30, 1970; Phoenix, Ariz., November 29, 1971; St. Petersburg, Fla., March 23, 1972; Honolulu, Hawaii, November 27, 1972; Houston, Tex., December 3 and 7, 1973; New Orleans, La., December 2, 1974; Hollywood, Fla., December 8, 1975; Los Angeles, Calif., December 6, 1976; Honolulu, Hawaii, December 5, 1977; Orlando, Fla., December 4, 1978; Toronto, Ontario, Canada, December 3, 1979; Dallas, Tex., December 8, 1980; Hollywood, Fla.,