Rev. Kevin Zilverberg
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Latin Spelling and Pronunciation 1 Latin Spelling and Pronunciation
Latin spelling and pronunciation 1 Latin spelling and pronunciation Latin spelling or orthography refers to the spelling of Latin words written in the scripts of all historical phases of Latin, from Old Latin to the present. All scripts use the same alphabet, but conventional spellings may vary from phase to phase. The Roman alphabet, or Latin alphabet, was adapted from the Old Italic alphabet to represent the phonemes of the Latin language. The Old Italic alphabet had in turn been borrowed from the Greek alphabet, itself adapted from the Phoenician alphabet. Latin pronunciation continually evolved over the centuries, making it difficult for speakers in one era to know how Latin was spoken in prior eras. A given phoneme may be represented by different letters in different periods. This article deals primarily with modern scholarship's best reconstruction of Classical Latin's phonemes (phonology) and the pronunciation and spelling used by educated people in the late Ancient Roman inscription in Roman square capitals. The words are separated by Republic, and then touches upon later engraved dots, a common but by no means universal practice, and long vowels are changes and other variants. marked by apices. Letters and phonemes In Latin spelling, individual letters mostly corresponded to individual phonemes, with three main exceptions: 1. Each vowel letter—⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨v⟩, ⟨y⟩—represented both long and short vocalic phonemes. As for instance mons /ˈmoːns/ has long /oː/, pontem /ˈpontem/ short /o/. The long vowels were distinguished by apices in many Classical texts (móns), but are not always reproduced in modern copy. -
The Greek Rendering of Hebrew Absolute Hapax Legomena in the Speeches of Eliphaz, Bildad and Elihu in LXX Job
HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies ISSN: (Online) 2072-8050, (Print) 0259-9422 Page 1 of 8 Original Research Verba Rara Amicorum Iob: The Greek rendering of Hebrew absolute hapax legomena in the speeches of Eliphaz, Bildad and Elihu in LXX job Author: In 2011, Elke Verbeke has examined the Greek rendering of Hebrew absolute and non-absolute 1,2 Bryan Beeckman hapax legomena in the Septuagint (LXX) version of Job. This examination has indicated that the Affiliations: LXX translator of Job dealt with hapaxes in a variety of ways, that is, omission, transliteration, 1Research Institute for consistent rendering, association with a similar-looking word, contextual exegesis, approximate Religions, Spiritualities, translation and paraphrasing. Although Verbeke’s study has shed more light on the translation Cultures, Societies (RSCS), technique of the LXX translator of Job, she has only examined the Hebrew hapaxes and their Faculty of Theology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la- Greek rendering in the speeches of Job and God. In order to come to a more accurate description Neuve, Belgium of the translation technique of LXX Job, this article has analysed the Greek rendering of Hebrew absolute hapax legomena in the speeches of Job’s friends. This examination has indicated that the 2Biblical Studies, Faculty of LXX translator of Job has applied a diversity of techniques to deal with Hebrew hapaxes. Theology and Religious Therefore, this article has obtained a more complete image of the translation technique of LXX Job. Studies, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Contribution: This article fits well within the scope ofHTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies Corresponding author: because it focusses on the translation technique of the LXX translator of Job and thus contributes to Bryan Beeckman, research regarding historical thought (textual transmission of biblical texts) and source interpretation bryan.beeckman@ (because the LXX translator does not only reflect a translational but also an interpretative process). -
The Current State of Masoretic Studies*
SEFARAD, vol. 73:2, julio-diciembre 2013, págs. 423-458 ISSN: 0037-0894, doi: 10.3989/sefarad.013.015 ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN The Current State of Masoretic Studies* Elvira Martín Contreras** ILC-CCHS, CSIC, Madrid The foundation of the International Organization of Masoretic Studies (IOMS) in 1972 was a turning point in the studies on Masorah. Since then, Masoretic studies have undergone a true renaissance. The publications on Masoretic issues have proliferated, and the importance of the Masorah for the study of the text of the Hebrew Bible has been stressed in numerous reviews. This brief survey presents the evolution of Masoretic stu- dies, the main research lines and achievements, and some of the most relevant works in the last forty years. KEYWORDS: Masorah; Ketib-Qere; Grammar; Hebrew Bible Text. ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIOS MASORÉTICOS.— La creación de la International Organization of Masoretic Studies (IOMS) en 1972 supuso un punto de inflexión en los estudios sobre Masora. Desde entonces, los estudios masoréticos han experimentado un auténtico renacer. Las publicaciones sobre temas masoréticos han proliferado y la impor- tancia de la Masora para el estudio del texto de la Biblia Hebrea ha sido resaltada en nu- merosas reseñas. Esta breve panorámica ofrece la evolución de los estudios masoréticos, sus principales líneas de investigación y logros, así como los trabajos más significativos de los últimos cuarenta años. PALABRAS CLAVE: Masora; ketib-qere; gramática; texto de la Biblia hebrea. Last year marked the 40th anniversary of the creation of the International Organization of Masoretic Studies (IOMS) by Prof. Harry Orlinsky brin- ging together all the modern “Masoretes” and enabling work in this field. -
The Dead Sea Scrolls Seventy Years Later. Manuscripts, Traditions
13th International Biblical Congress Institute of Biblical Studies, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland 24-26 The Dead Sea Scrolls Seventy Years Later. October 2017 Manuscripts, Traditions, Interpretations, CTW 113 and Their Biblical Context TUESDAY, 24 OCTOBER 2017 Seminar on the Biblia Hebraica Quinta 10:00 Adrian Schenker, O.P., University of Fribourg, Switzerland Problems of a Critical Edition of the Hebrew Bible in Light of the Genesis in the Biblia Hebraica Quinta The content of the presentation: layout of the Bible text, the critical apparatus, the textual commentary, the Masorah with its apparatus, the introduction, in comparison with other critical editions of Genesis, e.g Biblia Hebraica Rudoph Kittel, 3d edition, Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia etc. 11:00 Emanuel Tov, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel The Biblia Hebraica Quinta Edition of Genesis (2016) For Prof. E. Tov’s intervention, the participants of the seminar are kindly requested to make themselves familiar with the general introduction to the BHQ (see the volume 18 of BHQ “Megilloth”) and the apparatus of chapter 49 of the Book of Genesis (BHQ, vol. 1). WEDNESDAY, 25 OCTOBER 2017 8:15 Sławomir Nowosad, Dean of the Faculty of Theology at the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin Welcome Address 13th International Biblical Congress 24-26 October 2017 8:20 Mirosław S. Wróbel, Director of the Institute of Biblical Studies at the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Opening Address Session I: Qumran and the Hebrew Bible Chairperson: Loren Stuckenbruck, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany 8:30-9:10 Adrian Schenker, University of Fribourg, Switzerland Was There a Mastercopy of a Specific Biblical Text at the Time of the Biblical Qumran Scrolls? An Investigation Into the Text History Between the 3rd and 1st Centuries The biblical text attested in the Qumran scrolls is still in fluidity. -
The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance
•••••••• ••• •• • .. • ••••---• • • - • • ••••••• •• ••••••••• • •• ••• ••• •• • •••• .... ••• .. .. • .. •• • • .. ••••••••••••••• .. eo__,_.. _ ••,., .... • • •••••• ..... •••••• .. ••••• •-.• . PETER MlJRRAY . 0 • •-•• • • • •• • • • • • •• 0 ., • • • ...... ... • • , .,.._, • • , - _,._•- •• • •OH • • • u • o H ·o ,o ,.,,,. • . , ........,__ I- .,- --, - Bo&ton Public ~ BoeMft; MA 02111 The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance ... ... .. \ .- "' ~ - .· .., , #!ft . l . ,."- , .• ~ I' .; ... ..__ \ ... : ,. , ' l '~,, , . \ f I • ' L , , I ,, ~ ', • • L • '. • , I - I 11 •. -... \' I • ' j I • , • t l ' ·n I ' ' . • • \• \\i• _I >-. ' • - - . -, - •• ·- .J .. '- - ... ¥4 "- '"' I Pcrc1·'· , . The co11I 1~, bv, Glacou10 t l t.:• lla l'on.1 ,111d 1 ll01nc\ S t 1, XX \)O l)on1c111c. o Ponrnna. • The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance New Revised Edition Peter Murray 202 illustrations Schocken Books · New York • For M.D. H~ Teacher and Prie11d For the seamd edillo11 .I ltrwe f(!U,riucu cerurir, passtJgts-,wwbly thOS<' on St Ptter's awl 011 Pnlladfo~ clmrdses---mul I lr,rvl' takeu rhe t>pportrmil)' to itJcorporate m'1U)1 corrt·ctfons suggeSLed to nu.• byfriet1ds mu! re11iewers. T'he publishers lwvc allowed mr to ddd several nt•w illusrra,fons, and I slumld like 10 rltank .1\ Ir A,firlwd I Vlu,.e/trJOr h,'s /Jelp wft/J rhe~e. 711f 1,pporrrm,ty /t,,s 11/so bee,r ft1ke,; Jo rrv,se rhe Biblfogmpl,y. Fc>r t/Jis third edUfor, many r,l(lre s1m1II cluu~J!eS lwvi: been m"de a,,_d the Biblio,~raphy has (IJICt more hN!tl extet1si11ely revised dtul brought up to date berause there has l,een mt e,wrmc>uJ incretlJl' ;,, i111eres1 in lt.1lim, ,1rrhi1ea1JrP sittr<• 1963,. wlte-,r 11,is book was firs, publi$hed. It sh<>uld be 110/NI that I haw consistc11tl)' used t/1cj<>rm, 1./251JO and 1./25-30 to 111e,w,.firs1, 'at some poiHI betwt.·en 1-125 nnd 1430', .md, .stamd, 'begi,miug ilJ 1425 and rnding in 14.10'. -
Scholaquadrata.Com Course Outline Textbook: Collins, J. F. (1988) a Primer of Ecclesiastical Latin. (Paperback Ed.) Washington
scholaquadrata.com Course Outline Textbook: Collins, J. F. (1988) A Primer of Ecclesiastical Latin. (Paperback ed.) Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press. Additional Resources: Audio-Visual Recordings and other multimedia instructional materials will be provided during the course. These include: MP3 (audio) recordings of reading materials, PowerPoint presentations, MP4 (video) lectures and interviews, PDF exercises and reference materials. Course Description: This course is an introduction to the very exciting world of Ecclesiastical Latin (hereafter, EL). Our focus will be on The Vulgate Bible (Biblia Sacra Vulgata) and mastering the skill of reading it with both ease and no small measure of joy. Learning this form of Latin will unlock the world of Canon Law, Roman Catholic Liturgy, Scholastic philosophers, Gregorian Chants, Ambrosian Hymns, Papal Bulls and a whole lot more. Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of this course, you will be able to read from both the New and Old Testaments of the Latin Bible with relative ease and with much enjoyment. Being able to read, for example, the Book of Psalms or the Gospels in Latin will open your mind not only to the world all those men and women throughout history who have also read them in Latin but also to the world of those who actually wrote them: among them, St. Jerome, St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas, the decidedly un-saintly Abelard and his beloved Héloïse, and the list is almost endless. Structure and Sequence of Class Activities: Our course is divided into three main parts: A. Preliminaries B. Learning Tasks C. Readings and Other Adventures Let’s take a closer look at each one: scholaquadrata.com A. -
ALEXANDER H. PIERCE 130 Malloy Hall, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, in 46556 USA [email protected]; [email protected]
ALEXANDER H. PIERCE 130 Malloy Hall, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA [email protected]; [email protected] EDUCATION 2022 Ph.D. University of Notre Dame (expected) Department of Theology (History of Christianity) Dissertation: “Augustine on the Sacramental Economy of God’s Plan for Human Salvation” Director: John C. Cavadini Board: J. Patout Burns, Khaled Anatolios, Cyril O’Regan, Joseph Wawrykow 2016 M.Div. Trinity Evangelical Divinity School 2016 M.A. Trinity Evangelical Divinity School Systematic Theology 2012 B.A. Northwestern College Department of Biblical and Theological Studies Major: Biblical Studies PUBLICATIONS Refereed Journal Articles and Conference Proceedings In press. “Augustine as an Auctoritas in Juan de Torquemada’s Apparatus Super Decretum Florentinum Unionis Graecorum (1441).” Church History (Forthcoming 2021) In press. “Apokatastasis, Genesis 1.26–27, and the Theology of History in Origen’s De principiis.” Journal of Early Christian Studies 29.2 (Forthcoming 2021). In press. “From Emergency Baptism to Christian Polemics? Augustine’s Invocation of Infant Baptism in the Pelagian Controversy.” Augustinian Studies 52.1 (Forthcoming 2021). In press. “At the Crossroads of Christology and Grace: Augustine on the Union of Homo and Verbum in Christ (ca. 411–430).” Augustinianum 60.2 (Forthcoming 2020). “Augustine’s Eschatological Vision: The Dynamism of Seeing and Seeking God in Heaven.” Pro Ecclesia 29.2 (2020): 217–238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1063851219886590 “Reconsidering Ambrose’s Reception of Basil’s Homiliae in Hexaemeron: The Lasting Legacy of Origen.” Zeitschrift für Antikes Christentum 23.3 (2019): 414–444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/zac-2019-0028 1 Book Chapters “Mark 14: 27–31: The Divine Shepherd, Deliverer and King.” R. -
Saint Thomas Aquinas, Priest and Doctor of the Church
Thomas Aquinas 1 Thomas Aquinas "Aquinas" redirects here. For other uses, see Aquinas (disambiguation). For the ship that sank in 2013, see MV St. Thomas Aquinas. Saint Thomas Aquinas, OP An altarpiece in Ascoli Piceno, Italy, by Carlo Crivelli (15th century) Religious, priest and Doctor of the Church Born 28 January 1225 Roccasecca, Kingdom of Sicily Died 7 March 1274 Fossanova, Papal States Honored in Roman Catholic Church Anglican Communion Lutheranism Canonized July 18, 1323, Avignon, Papal States, by Pope John XXII Major shrine Church of the Jacobins, Toulouse, France Feast 28 January (7 March, until 1969) Attributes The Summa theologiae, a model church, the sun on the chest of a Dominican friar Patronage Academics; against storms; against lightning; apologists; Aquino, Italy; Belcastro, Italy; book sellers; Catholic academies, schools, and universities; chastity; Falerna, Italy; learning; pencil makers; philosophers; publishers; scholars; students; [1] University of Sto. Tomas; Sto. Tomas, Batangas; theologians. Thomas Aquinas 2 Thomas Aquinas Detail from Valle Romita Polyptych by Gentile da Fabriano (circa 1400) Occupation Catholic priest, philosopher and theologian Education Abbey of Monte Cassino University of Naples Federico II Genre Scholasticism, Thomism Subject Metaphysics, Logic, Theology, Mind, Epistemology, Ethics, Politics Notable works • Summa Theologica • Summa contra Gentiles Relatives Landulf of Aquino and Theodora Rossi (parents) Thomas Aquinas, OP (/Help:IPA for English#Keyəˈkwaɪnəs/; 1225 – 7 March 1274), also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino, was an Italian Dominican friar and priest and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, within which he is also known as the "Doctor Angelicus" and "Doctor Communis".[2] "Aquinas" is from the county of Aquino, an area his family held land in until 1137. -
A Brief History of Chapter and Verse Divisions
HISTORY OF CHAPTER AND VERSE DIVISIONS • Pre-Babylonian Captivity (586 BCE): Bible divided into sections, with Pentateuch divided into 154 sections used in a 3-year reading cycle. • Pre-Dead Sea Scrolls (before 300 BCE—100 CE): Bible divided into sections now called parashoth. Larger sections were indicated by beginning a new line in the scroll, smaller sections by a space within the line. This practice is continued in Masoretic texts1 (oldest known Hebrew Bibles, from 7th-10th centuries CE). Samech (Hebrew <s>) between sentences = small paragraph; pe (Hebrew <p>) between sentences indicates a large paragraph. • Mishnaic period (ca. 200 CE): Verse divisions made within the parashoth when Aramaic translations were introduced into the Hebrew text; the amount of Hebrew that preceded the Aramaic translation became the verse division. After about 500 CE these were indicated by the soph pasuq, a cantillation mark resembling a colon used after the last word of every verse and indicated a full stop, or a period. (Mishnah is a kind of commentary in Judaism.) • Pre-Council of Nicea (325 CE): New Testament divided into kephalia (lit. headings, i.e., paragraphs) for reference; this system no longer survives. • Ca. 1205: Stephen Langton, an Englishman teaching at the University of Paris, later Archbishop of Canterbury, divides Vulgate Bible into modern chapters. In 1244-48, Hugh of St. Cher, a professor of theology at the University of Paris, produces the first Biblical concordance because chapter divisions now make it possible to search for passages in the Bible. In the 1205-1500’s, manuscript and printed bibles (after 1455, Gutenberg Bible) often use a system of letters A-G to further divide chapters into sections. -
GALILEO CREATION and COSMOGONY a Study on the Interplay Between Galileo’S Science of Motion and the Creation Theme [M-STO/05, M-FIL/06]
DOCTORAL DISSERTATION GALILEO CREATION AND COSMOGONY A Study on the Interplay between Galileo’s Science of Motion and the Creation Theme [M-STO/05, M-FIL/06] Ph.D. Candidate Ph.D. Coordinator IVAN MALARA Prof. ANDREA PINOTTI Registration number: R11933 JOINT PH.D. SUPERVISORS Università degli Studi di Milano Prof. LUCA BIANCHI Doctoral course in Philosophy and Human Sciences – XXXIII Cycle Prof. ELIO NENCI (Dipartimento di Filosofia “Piero Martinetti”) Gent Universiteit Prof. MAARTEN VAN DYCK Academic Year 2019/2020 È chiaro che il pensiero dà fastidio anche se chi pensa è muto come un pesce anzi è un pesce e come pesce è difficile da bloccare perché lo protegge il mare Com’è profondo il mare LUCIO DALLA, Com’è profondo il mare (1977) Non ’mbrischiare a calia ca ’nzudda (Calabrian saying) Table of contents Abstract English .........................................................................................................VII Italian ..........................................................................................................VIII Dutch.............................................................................................................IX Introduction .............................................................................................................XI PART ONE: CREATION I. Anno 1607: Galileo and Castelli 1. Galileo in 1607..............................................................................................3 2. Castelli in 1607. The epistulae Cavenses....................................................... -
St. Thomas Aquinas, 1225-1274
St. Thomas Aquinas, 1225-1274 Entrance to Monte Cassino Fortress of San Giovanni Demidoff Altarpiece Fossanova Abbey Aquinas Instructing a Group of Clerics Carlo Crivelli, 1476 By Jean Fouquet, C. 1450 Medieval University Ruins of Aquino Estate The Temptation of St. Thomas Bernardo Daddi, 1338 Quaestiones Disputatae, Clairvaux Abbey of Notre Dame, 1453 Roccasecca Tomb of St. Thomas Aquinas Albert the Great St. Thomas Aquinas Confounding Averroes Giovanni de Paolo, 1445 “All that I have written seems to me 1st Church built in Honor of St. Thomas, like straw compared to what has now Church of St. Thomas, The Glory of St. Thomas Aquinas been revealed to me.” Roccasecca, c. 1323 The Young Aquinas Gozzoli Benozza, C. 1468 c.1225 c. 1230 c. 1239-44 c. 1244 c. 1245-48 1252-56 1256 1256-59 1261-65 1265-68 1268-72 1273 1274 1323 1567 master master at - Summa Summa Contra Commentaries Commentaries on Questions On Truth Truth On Questions Commentary Commentary on the Sentences master master at Rome; begins writing - Summa Summa Theologiae Aquinas bornAquinas in Roccasecca Thomas Thomas dies at a Cistercian monastery (Fossanova) on his way to the Council of Lyon Begins his studies at Naples the University of Thomas Thomas is admitted to Theology of Master the degree of Thomas Aquinas is canonized Thomas Thomas Thomas Aquinas is proclaimed a Doctor of the Church Thomas Thomas becomes Conventual Lector in Orvieto; completes the Gentiles Aristotle Thomas begins his 2nd Regency 2nd his begins Thomas at Paris and begins his Paris begins and Regent the of Peterof Lombard Thomas Thomas sent to teach at the University of Paris as a composes his Bachelor of Sentences; Thomas Thomas has a vision in which is “straw”that allwriting his he sees Thomas Thomas is elevated to Regent Paris; composes Paris;composes Rejoins Rejoins order and begins study under Albert the Great— first in Paris, then in Cologne Joins Joins the Dominican Order against the wishes of his family. -
Chaos Theory and the Text of the Old Testament1 Peter J
Chaos Theory and the Text of the Old Testament1 Peter J. Gentry Peter J. Gentry is Donald L. Williams Professor of Old Testament Interpretation and Director of the Hexapla Institute at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. He has served on the faculty of Toronto Baptist Seminary and Bible College and also taught at the University of Toronto, Heritage Theological Seminary, and Tyndale Seminary. Dr. Gentry is the author of many articles and book reviews, the co-author of Kingdom through Covenant, 2nd ed. (Crossway, 2018) and God’s Kingdom through God’s Covenants (Crossway, 2015), and the author of How to Read and Understand the Biblical Prophets (Crossway, 2017), and he recently published a critical edition of Ecclesiastes for the Göttingen Septuagint (2019). Introduction Canon and Text are closely related. For those who believe in divine revelation mediated by authorized agents, the central questions are (1) which writings come from these agents authorized to speak for God and (2) have their writings been reliably transmitted to us? Although my inquiry is focused on the latter question, the former is logically prior. How one answers the first question will determine evaluation of evidence relating to the second. What defines a canonical text according to Nahum Sarna, is “a fixed arrangement of content” and “the tendency to produce a standardized text.”2 Since the very first biblical text constituted a covenant, this automatically implies a fixed arrangement of content and a standard text. I am referring to the Covenant at Sinai, a marriage between Yahweh and Israel. A marriage contract does not have a long oral pre-history.