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European Interview N°107 with Frédéric Mérand
EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW WITH FRÉDÉRIC MÉRAND European interview n°107 «Engaging in politics is a source of th 13 July 2021 risk for the Commission. But it has become inevitable». Interview with Frédéric Mérand (PhD), scientific director of CÉRIUM and professor of political science at the University of Montreal. Author of “The Political Commissioner - A European Ethnography” The European Union is a unique system, neither about a ‘political Commission’, without necessarily an international organisation nor a federal giving it the same meaning. Ultimately, the book state. How did a Canadian sociologist become is about this experience of a political Commission interested in the inner workings of the European and, more broadly, about what I call ‘political work’, Commission? because I followed a Commissioner who, unlike many of his colleagues, was not at all embarrassed to say I did my thesis in the US on the European Union at a that he was doing politics and that he was a politician. time, at the turn century, when there was a great deal I wanted to see how this institution, which was not of excitement about Europe, when many people saw it programmed to do so, which in principle oscillates as the beginning of a federation or a superstate. Most of between its duty of independence, of guardian of the the leading political scientists writing about the Union treaties and of defence of the general interest, and were based in American universities. One of them, which moreover many Member States see as their George Ross, had written a few years earlier what Secretariat, could do politics in the most traditional has become a classic, “Jacques Delors and European sense of the word, namely take sides and make integration”, based on a one-year ethnographic choices according to values and ideology. -
Deepening the Emu: How to Maintain and Develop the European Social Model? a Study for the Federal Chancellery of Austria
DEEPENING THE EMU: HOW TO MAINTAIN AND DEVELOP THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL? A STUDY FOR THE FEDERAL CHANCELLERY OF AUSTRIA Sofia Fernandes and Kristina Maslauskaite Foreword by Jacques Delors OCTOBER 2013 STUDIES & REPORTS 101 The authors thank Yves Bertoncini (Director of “Notre-Europe-Jacques Delors Institute – NE-JDI”), Marjorie Jouen (Adviser of “NE-JDI”), Maria João Rodrigues (Member of the Board of Directors of “NE-JDI”) and Eulalia Rubio (Senior Research Fellow at “NE-JDI”) for their valuable comments and ideas, which helped to improve the quality of this study. The authors are grateful to the following experts for the fruitful exchange of views on the social dimension of the Economic and Monetary Union: Pervenche Berès (Chair of Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, European Parliament), Muriel Lacoue-Labarthe (Advisor for European and international finance affairs of the French Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs Pierre Moscovici), Philippe Pochet (General Director of the European Trade Union Institute), Franck Vandenbroucke (Affiliate Professor to the Den Uyl Chair at the University of Amsterdam) and Laurence Weerts (Member of Cabinet of Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion Laszlo Andor). This paper benefited from a discussion held at the Federal Chancellery of Austria on 6 March 2013. We are grateful to participants, in particular to Dr. Stefan Imhof and Dr. Christa Peutl for their contributions to discussions held on that occasion. We are grateful to Marie Billotte for diligent and effective research -
Les Réponses Des Candidats À L'élection Présidentielle
Les réponses des candidats à l'élection présidentielle : François Bayrou, Olivier Besancenot, Christine Boutin, Jean-Pierre Chevènement, Jacques Chirac, Daniel Gluckstein, Robert Hue, Lionel Jospin, Arlette Laguiller, Jean-Marie Le Pen, Corinne Lepage, Alain Madelin, Noël Mamère, Bruno Mégret, Jean Saint-Josse, Christine Taubira. Synthèse des réponses. Paris, le 5 mars 2002 Trois questions aux candidats à l'élection présidentielle Madame, Monsieur, En vous présentant aux suffrages de vos concitoyens vous contribuez à un moment important de notre vie démocratique et c'est pour certains d'entre nous l'occasion de mettre en lumière de façon privilégiée des questions qui nous tiennent à coeur en tant que professionnels mais aussi et surtout en tant que citoyens. Professionnels des bibliothèques, nous avons la conviction forte que les établissements dans lesquels nous exerçons, dans les universités, dans les collectivités territoriales, dans les grandes bibliothèques institutionnelles, jouent un rôle fondamental dans la conservation de la pensée mais aussi et surtout dans la diffusion et le partage des idées et de la connaissance et d'une certaine façon, ces établissements contribuent à la vie démocratique et au développement de la société. C'est pourquoi nous souhaitons, dans l'attente d'un débat plus large et plus approfondi, vous poser trois questions essentielles à nos yeux. 1/ Les Bibliothèques - que leur tutelle soit l'État ou une collectivité territoriale - sont un lieu essentiel de la démocratisation de l'accès à toutes les formes de formation, d'information, de culture personnelle et de loisirs culturels. Contrairement à ce qui se passe dans un certain nombre de pays européens, et malgré les efforts considérables de ces vingt dernières années, elles souffrent encore en France d'un déficit important d'image et de considération auprès des décideurs, et par voie de conséquence, d'une cruelle absence de moyens. -
Monde.20011122.Pdf
EN ÎLE-DE-FRANCE a Dans « aden » : tout le cinéma et une sélection de sorties Demandez notre supplément www.lemonde.fr 57e ANNÉE – Nº 17674 – 7,90 F - 1,20 EURO FRANCE MÉTROPOLITAINE -- JEUDI 22 NOVEMBRE 2001 FONDATEUR : HUBERT BEUVE-MÉRY – DIRECTEUR : JEAN-MARIE COLOMBANI Afghanistan : les débats de l’après-guerre b Quels étaient les buts de la guerre, quel rôle pour les humanitaires ? b « Le Monde » donne la parole à des intellectuels et à des ONG b Conférence à Berlin sur l’avenir de l’Afghanistan, sous l’égide de l’ONU b Le reportage de notre envoyée spéciale en territoire taliban SOMMAIRE formation d’un gouvernement pluriethnique. Les islamistes étran- BRUNO BOUDJELAL/VU b Guerre éclair, doute persistant : gers de Kunduz encerclée risquent Dans un cahier spécial de huit d’être massacrés. Kaboul retrouve a REPORTAGE pages, Le Monde donne la parole à le goût des petites libertés, mais un spécialiste du droit d’ingéren- une manifestation de femmes a ce, Mario Bettati, et à deux person- été interdite. Notre envoyée spé- Une petite ville nalités de l’humanitaire, Rony ciale en territoire taliban, Françoi- Brauman et Sylvie Brunel. Ils disent se Chipaux, a rencontré des popula- leur gêne ou leur inquiétude tions déplacées qui redoutent l’Al- POINTS DE VUE en Algérie devant le rôle que les Etats-Unis liance du Nord. p. 2 et 3 font jouer aux ONG. Des intellec- L’ÉCRIVAIN François Maspero tuels français, Robert Redeker, b La coalition et l’humanitaire : Le Cahier a passé le mois d’août dans une Jean Clair, Daniel Bensaïd et Willy Pentagone compte sur l’Alliance petite ville de la côte algéroise. -
Responsive to Whom? a Comparison of the Mitterrand and Hollande Presidencies
Responsive to whom? A comparison of the Mitterrand and Hollande presidencies Koen Damhuis (corresponding author) European University Institute [email protected] Johannes Karremans European University Institute [email protected] Acknowledgments: This article was presented during the workshop on electoral coalitions and their analytical implications at the European University Institute, 13–14 June 2016. We would like to thank the participants for their constructive feedback. We would also like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. Of course, any errors remain our own. 1 Abstract This article investigates the responsiveness of the Parti socialiste towards specific social groups under the Hollande and Mitterrand presidencies. It thereby contributes to the discussion on the changing representativeness of social-democratic parties in Western Europe. The study is based on a content analysis of the governments’ justifications for the annual budget. With this innovative approach it is possible to assess whether the responsiveness of a party persists at the governmental level. Through an inductive coding procedure, three categories of responsive justifications are discerned: inequality reduction, needs of specific social groups and general functioning of society. In line with its title, the article mainly focuses on the second category, identifying a shift from responsiveness to the low-income classes towards responsiveness to the middle classes. Furthermore, a corresponding transformation of the Parti socialiste is observed, from advocating expansive policies in the early 1980s to justifying restrictive policies today. 2 1. Introduction In the spring of 2012, the French Parti socialiste won both the presidential and the legislative elections (with 51.64% and 49.93% of the votes respectively), and François Hollande became the first socialist president since 1995. -
LE MONDE/PAGES<UNE>
LE MONDE INTERACTIF a ADN, génome et bio-informatique a Le commerce équitable en ligne www.lemonde.fr 57e ANNÉE – Nº 17496 – 7,50 F - 1,14 EURO FRANCE MÉTROPOLITAINE MERCREDI 25 AVRIL 2001 FONDATEUR : HUBERT BEUVE-MÉRY – DIRECTEUR : JEAN-MARIE COLOMBANI Moulinex licencie Charles Pasqua, ses ennuis et ses amis b a Moulinex-Brandt L’ancien ministre de l’intérieur organise sa défense après sa mise en cause par la justice prévoit de fermer pour le financement illicite du RPF b Deux de ses proches contestent les accusations d’une ancienne trois de ses usines : collaboratrice sur des fonds occultes b Les « souverainistes » sont partagés entre solidarité et inquiétude MIS EN CAUSE dans deux instruc- cédente perquisition, en novembre dans l’Orne, le Nord tions judiciaires sur le financement du 2000, les enquêteurs y avaient décou- Rassemblement pour la France (RPF), vert, dans un coffre, une somme de et le Calvados qui font suite à l’affaire des ventes d’ar- 9 000 dollars entourée d’un ruban por- mes à l’Angola, Charles Pasqua organi- tant le cachet d’une banque suisse. JACQUES DEMARTHON/AFP a se sa contre-attaque. Bernard Guillet, Interrogé par Le Monde, François Les sites concernés son conseiller diplomatique, mis en Antona conteste, lui aussi, avoir reçu, ENQUÊTE examen le 12 avril pour « recel d’abus de Mme de la Laurencie, en 1994, une emploient de biens sociaux », et Francois Antona, mallette contenant de l’argent en 2 900 salariés son ancien conseiller quand il était provenance de Genève. A quoi sert ministre de l’intérieur, mis en examen Entendu plusieurs fois dans l’enquê- en 1999 pour avoir perçu des fonds te sur les ventes d’armes à l’Angola, a Le gouvernement d’Elf Aquitaine International, contes- Jean-Charles Marchiani, ancien préfet le Quai ? tent le témoignage de Sabine de la Lau- du Var, proche de Charles Pasqua, a durcit son dispositif rencie. -
Should We Use Recall of Previous Vote(S) to Weight Electoral Polls? Presented at the Wapor/Aapor Joint Annual Conference
Should we use recall of previous vote(s) to weight electoral polls? Presented at the Wapor/Aapor joint Annual Conference Chicago, May 11-13, 2010 By Claire Durand, Isabelle Valois and Mélanie Deslauriers, Université de Montréal © Claire Durand,25/05/2010 Page 1 sur 28 Presentation ‚A bit of History ‚Literature : Three questions ‚Methodology ‚Is declared past vote reliable? ‚What are the causes of bad recall? ‚What are the consequences of adjustment using voter recall? ‚Conclusion © Claire Durand,25/05/2010 Page 2 sur 28 A bit of history Adjusting according to declared past vote ‚ Started in 1948 (Hellevik, 2009) and is still used in Europe, mostly where quota sampling is used. ‚ Was first developped to compensate for the under estimation of the vote for Communist parties after the Second World War (Hellevik, 2009) ‚ And has been recently used to correct the under estimation of the extreme-right vote. ‚ Was recommended in 1992 (Market Research Society, GB 1992) in order to compensate for socio-political biases in the samples © Claire Durand,25/05/2010 Page 3 sur 28 Three questions... ‚1. Is declared past vote reliable? ‚2. What are the causes of unreliable recall? ‚3. What is the impact of adjusting by declared past vote on the accuracy of the estimation of the vote? © Claire Durand,25/05/2010 Page 4 sur 28 1. Is declared past vote reliable? Literature ‚Literature of the question states that recall of past voting behavior is often biased: ‚ It tends to underestimate the support for the extreme right or left-wing parties. ‚ It tends to underestimate the support for small parties. -
C/Min(2015)18
A usage officiel/For Official Use C/MIN(2015)18 Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Économiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 03-Jun-2015 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________ Bil. CONSEIL COUNCIL A usage officiel/ A usage C/ MIN(2015)18 For OfficialFor Use Réunion du Conseil au niveau des Ministres, 3-4 juin 2015 Meeting of the Council at Ministerial Level, 3-4 June 2015 LISTE DES MINISTRES ET CHEFS DE DELEGATION LIST OF MINISTERS AND HEADS OF DELEGATION Les informations contenues dans cette liste (y compris l'ordre de préséance) sont celles transmises par les Délégations via le système de gestion des réunions (EMS) au 2 juin 2015. The information contained herein (including protocol ranking) was supplied by Delegations via the Events Management System (EMS) as of 2 June 2015. JT03377707 Complete document available on OLIS in its original format Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to Ce document et toute carte qu'il peut comprendre sont sans préjudice the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of du statut de tout territoire, de la souveraineté s'exerçant sur ce dernier, international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, du tracé des frontières et limites internationales, et du nom de tout city or area. territoire, ville ou région. Bil. C/MIN(2015)18 Pays-Bas/Netherlands Présidence/Chair Mr. Mark RUTTE Prime Minister Mr. Henk KAMP Minister of Economic Affairs Ms. Lilianne PLOUMEN Minister of Foreign Trade and Development Co-operation Ms. -
Where Now for Multispeed Europe?
Centro de Estudios y Documentación InternacionalesCentro de Barcelona E-ISSN 2014-0843 B-8438-2012 D.L.: opinión JUNCKER’S STATE OF THE UNION: 497 Where now for multispeed SEPTEMBER Europe? 2017 Pol Morillas, Research Fellow CIDOB *This article was previously published in LSE Europp ean-Claude Juncker was harshly criticised when he presented his White Pa- per on the future of Europe earlier this year. At that time, he intended to J throw the ball back to member states to decide on the path of integration, after several backlashes against his initiatives to move integration forward. Side- lining the European Commission and its proposals to tackle the euro and refugee crises, member states have reinforced the dynamics of an intergovernmental Un- ion. In Juncker’s mind, it was about time that member states worked to avoid the risk of disintegration (scenario 2 of the White Paper), conscious that the appetite for a federal Union was low after Brexit (scenario 5). The criticism came from those who argued that, if Juncker’s Commission was the “most political”, presenting disintegration as a plausible scenario was a danger- ous move. Instead, Juncker should have proposed a way forward, making full use of the Commission’s right of initiative and not opened a debate on the future of Europe, as think tanks tend to do. Between then and his annual ‘State of the Union’ speech, which he delivered on 13 September, a constellation of forces has gathered behind multispeed Europe (scenario 3). Emmanuel Macron’s election in France and the slow but steady ac- ceptance of the formula by Angela Merkel has increased the prospects of reform in this direction. -
The Importance of Being Nice
LES CAHIERS EUROPEENS DE SCIENCES PO. > N° 02/2004 The Importance of Being Nice An Institutionalist Analysis of French Preferences on the Future of Europe Nicolas Jabko > N. Jabko – The Importance of Being Nice Les Cahiers européens de Sciences Po. n° 02/2004 NICOLAS JABKO The Importance of Being Nice: An Institutionalist Analysis of French Preferences on the Future of Europe1 Nicolas Jabko, CERI – Sciences Po Paris Contact: [email protected] Citation : Nicolas Jabko (2004), “The Importance of Being Nice: An Institutionalist Analysis of French Preferences on the Future of Europe”, Les Cahiers européens de Sciences Po, n° 02. 1 The author wants to thank French officials who accepted to be interviewed for this research. He also thanks other participants in the workshop at Birbeck College (London) and Christ Church (Oxford), as well as Dyonyssis Dimitrakopoulos, Hussein Kassim, Bernard Manin, David Michel, Craig Parsons, and two anonymous referees for discussions and comments. Les Cahiers européens de Sciences Po. – n° 02/2004 N. Jabko – The Importance of Being Nice Abstract: This article offers an institutionalist explanation of French preferences on the future of Europe from the Maastricht Treaty of 1992 through the Constitutional Treaty of 2004. It argues that the autonomous institutional logic of the constitution-drafting exercise increasingly shaped the evolution of French preferences. More specifically, the French Government’s preferences reflected its acceptance of the European Union’s new method of debate at the Convention, the contingency of a revived alliance with Germany in that debate, and the legacy of a half century of European integration. Beneath the surface, this autonomous institutionalist logic offset French leaders’ aspirations to maximize national power interests, to improve decision-making efficiency, and to achieve their ideal visions of Europe. -
The French Presidential Election: an Assessment by Thierry Leterre, Professor of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Versailles, St
The French Presidential Election: An Assessment By Thierry Leterre, Professor of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Versailles, St. Quentin In the Constitution of the Fifth Republic (founded by General Charles de Gaulle in 1958), the presidency is the key-stone of French institutions. Presidential elections are dramatic moments in the country’s democratic life: the people of the Republic choses by direct universal suffrage the incarnation of its sovereignty for five years. (The term was seven years until the 2001 constitutional revision: see US-France Analysis by Olivier Duhamel, “France's New Five-Year Presiential Term, http://www.brookings.edu/fp/cusf/analysis/quinquennat.htm). The President of the Republic is elected by an absolute majority of votes cast. If no candidate obtains a majority on the first ballot, a second ballot is organized with the two candidates who have won the greatest number of votes in the first ballot. This two-round system avoids an election with only a relative majority and prevents third party candidates-such as Ross Perot or Ralph Nader in recent American elections-from distorting the outcome. The French believe this would weaken the bond between the nation and its supreme representative. Any French citizen who meets certain eligibility criteria can run for president. These criteria include paying a deposit of €153,000 and getting “500 signatures”-the patronage of at least 500 elected officials (from a list of about 45,000) from 30 départements. There are some 15 official candidates in the 2002 election (see table). The final contest, however, will be a showdown between two, and only two, competitors. -
Briefing January 2016 European Commission: Facts and Figures the European Commission Is the Executive Body of the European Union
Briefing January 2016 European Commission: Facts and Figures The European Commission is the executive body of the European Union. Under the Treaties, its tasks are to ‘promote the general interest of the Union’, without prejudice to individual Member States, ‘ensure the application of the Treaties’ and adopted measures, and ‘execute the budget’. It further holds a virtual monopoly on legislative initiative, as it proposes nearly all EU legislation to the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. The College of Commissioners is composed of 28 individuals. The college which came into office in November 2014 has an explicit hierarchy created through the designation by the President of seven Vice-Presidents, heading ‘project teams’ of the other 20 Commissioners. The following pages set out the responsibilities, composition and work of the Commission and its leadership, both in the current Commission and in the past. They also shed light on the staff of the Commission’s departments, their main places of employment, gender distribution and national background. Finally, they provide a breakdown of the EU’s administrative budget and budget management responsibilities. College of Commissioners 1 PRESIDENT 7 VICE-PRESIDENTS 20 COMMISSIONERS PRESIDENT Jean-Claude Juncker VICE-PRESIDENTS Frans Timmermans Federica Mogherini First Vice-President Better Regulation, Interinstitutional Relations, the Rule of Law and the Charter High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy / Vice- of Fundamental Rights President