TAEKWON DO (The Korean Art of Self-Defence)

XVI VOLUME

(SUPPLEMENTAL VOLUME)

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TAEKWON-DO (The Korean Art of Self-Defence)

By: Nick Campbell With: Catherine Galvin, Paul Bailey, Indra Talip & Jon Lennart Løbak

Special Thanks To: Valda Gallagher, Renee Robinson, Matt Wood, 林琳 (Lin Lin), John Harvery, Zoe Campbell, Quinn Campbell, Aquielle Campbell, Dr. George Vitale Ph.D. (VIII Degree), Master Nathan Doggett, Grandmaster Al Cole, Grandmaster Jung Woo Jin & Grandmaster C.K. Choi

Based On The Works Of General Choi Hong Hi 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Mokcha)

FORWARD by Dr. George Vitale, Ph.D. (VIII Degree) . . . 10 PREFACE ...... 14 KO-DANG – TAEKWON-DO’S REPLACED PATTERN . . . 18 U-NAM – TAEKWON-DO’S FORGOTTEN PATTERN . . . 22 ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR PATTERN KO-DANG . . 28 PATTERN KO-DANG ...... 33 ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR PATTERN U-NAM . . . 121 PATTERN U-NAM ...... 130 HOW THE PATTERNS WERE DOCUMENTED . . . . . 233 ANALYSIS OF THE PATTERN’S USE OF TERMINOLOGY . 264 CONDENSED PATTERNS ...... 284 Four Direction Punch (Saju Jirugi) ...... 292 Four Direction Block (Saju Makgi) ...... 294 Chon-Ji Tul ...... 296 Dan-Gun Tul ...... 298 Do-San Tul ...... 302 Won-Hyo Tul ...... 306 Yul-Gok Tul ...... 309 Joong-Gun Tul ...... 313

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Toi-Gye Tul ...... 317 Four Direction Thrust (Saju Tulgi) ...... 320 Hwa-Rang Tul ...... 323 Choong-Moo Tul ...... 327 Kwang-Gae Tul ...... 331 Po-Eun Tul ...... 335 Gae-Baek Tul ...... 339 Eui-Am Tul ...... 343 Choong-Jang Tul ...... 346 Juche Tul ...... 350 Ko-Dang Tul ...... 355 Sam-Il Tul...... 359 Yoo-Sin Tul ...... 363 Choi-Yong Tul ...... 367 Yon-Gae Tul...... 371 Ul-Ji Tul ...... 375 Moon-Moo Tul ...... 379 Seo-San Tul ...... 383 Se-Jong Tul ...... 389 U-Nam Tul ...... 392 Tong-Il Tul ...... 396 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 400 INDEX ...... 402

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Forward By Dr. George Vitale, Ph.D. (VIII Degree)

As many will know, General Choi Hong-Hi authored a 15 volume masterpiece he called the Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do. There should be little doubt that the scope of this work is truly unprecedented in the history of Martial Arts. During his lifetime (1918-2002) he wrote seven books on Taekwon-Do which have been translated into at least 10 languages. I am certain that no other Korean Martial Artist can brag of similar accomplishments and do not believe many other Koreans can boast of achieving a comparable level of global recognition for their leadership and teachings. The theme of a 16th volume to supplement, add to, or refine the over 3200 fundamental movements outlined in his life's crowning achievement has been bantered around for some time. Perhaps the first person who suggested this to me is someone who is my friend, colleague and senior – Master Earl Weiss, Esq. His idea was to use a 16th volume to fill in gaps that, for one reason or another, General Choi never had the opportunity to clarify. General Choi, like all human beings, had a limited time on Earth. Like all of us he was imperfect, however he left us with specific instructions to expand upon his teachings. He taught that changes could come, but cautioned us to consider them only after careful deliberation and deep thought. This book however is not primarily concerned with change, but rather addition. It is adding, or actually re-adding, two patterns that have never benefited from the expanded and detailed treatment that the current 24 patterns in the syllabus have had in the Encyclopedia. These two patterns, U-Nam Hyung (as they were called in those days) and Ko-Dang Tul, were removed from the syllabus back in 1960 and the early 1980s, respectfully. Since U-Nam was around only for a brief period of time (removed early on and only appearing in the 1959 Textbook, which was the first ever book on Taekwon-Do and very rare) it came to be called the

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lost or forgotten pattern. Ko-Dang was of course in both the 1965 first English book as well as the 1972 Textbook. However, none of those books had the detailed and expanded layouts of the pattern's movements like that which appears in the Encyclopedia. So it appears that a Volume 16 which includes both of these heirloom patterns is a great place to start in further documenting General Choi's complete system. When these patterns were removed and replaced, there was the taint of politics involved. However, now in 2016, with General Choi gone, reacquainting the Taekwon-Do world with these gems can be done for pure technical enjoyment, minus any political restrictions or ramifications. Therefore, I salute Instructor Nick Campbell for his groundbreaking work and worthy contribution. My own research uncovered that a pattern named U-Nam (in honor of the first Republic of Korea's President, Dr. Syngman Rhee, Ph.D.) did indeed exist. However, it was by pure coincidence that U-Nam was rediscovered in my digital copy of General Choi’s rare 1959 book. The rediscovery happened at a conference in 2013 where I had only a limited amount of time to try to reconstruct it. The translation efforts were assisted by many, which in the end turned out to be both a blessing and a disadvantage. It gave us a creative opportunity that lacked consistency and an authoritative review. Mr. Campbell's work however was much more exhaustive and has resulted in a much better interpretation and more accurate recreation of this historic lost or forgotten pattern. He has extensively documented the source of every description, foot diagram, and photograph – all of which come directly from General Choi’s books. Likewise, the expanded detail with this pattern and the replaced Ko-Dang Tul provides a uniform addition to the other 15 Volumes. It is exciting to have a definitive way to examine the movements so students all around the world can recreate these Taekwon-Do gems. I appreciate Mr. Campbell’s efforts and I am certain that this Volume 16 will be a great addition to everyone's library. I encourage all students of Taekwon-Do to follow his lead and expand your Martial Arts knowledge. Mr. Campbell has trained in Taekwon-Do for over a decade and has

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supplemented his Martial Art training and self-defense capabilities by cross training in other Arts. This is also how the Original Taekwon-Do began in the Korean Army as Military Taekwon-Do, which eventually became the Taekwon-Do governed and distributed by the ITF worldwide. Originally started as Mr. Campbell’s 4th degree paper, he has greatly expanded beyond the scope of his organizations’ grading guidelines with a work that can be embraced by all, no matter where they live or train! My sincere thanks and deep appreciation for sharing these historical gems! I whole-heartedly encourage others to submit ideas on adding to this project, either here within subsequent editions of Volume 16 or for Volume 17 and beyond. All Taekwon-Do will be better for it!

– Taekwon-Do Historian Dr. George Vitale, Ph.D. (VIII Degree)

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Catherine Galvin, Dr. George Vitale and Nick Campbell at the Dosanseodang Academy

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PREFACE (Morimal)

In Taekwon[-Do], “form” [tul, pattern] does not merely mean a simple form as in regular sports. It is an expression where every kind of exquisite skill of attack, defense and breaking are gathered together systematically into continuous movements. This makes it the core of the three essential elements of Taekwon[-Do] [forms, sparring and breaking]. For a General like Xiang Yu [項籍 232-202 B.C.] the task of breaking 2-3 bricks was an extremely easy thing. A Taekwon[-Do] opponent is always well trained with quick movements, so there is no use in basing it all on pure physical power. Furthermore, even just by sparring a naturally well-developed athlete, one will be able to hit and receive in a very similar way (as a trained person) even without systematic training and research. But that is not a scientific way of dallyon [conditioning], so in front of an opponent who is stronger and better conditioned one cannot achieve a big result. On the other hand, the forms were realized by several great masters’ long time research and experience, so they cannot be mastered without studying even though the person is strong and has fast movements. About practicing, there is a saying - "one form three years". Accordingly, in order to achieve the profound exquisiteness of each form one must invest a long time in its practice. That’s why the author [General Choi] emphasizes the forms instead of sparring and breaking and has depicted the features of actual fighting of the famous Generals of Korea and researched and improved them into new forms to inspire the patriotism of new generations. One must emphasize on the exactness of the movements and avoid the "dance likeness" of the form in order to show the proper power of Taekwon[-Do]. – “TAEKWON-DO TEXTBOOK” (跆拳道教本, 1959) page 125

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Ko-Dang and U-Nam, two patterns connected by fate and politics, are invaluable parts of Taekwon-Do’s history. While neither pattern was discarded entirely, both are complete patterns once considered part of the syllabus. Over time, the namesakes of Ko-Dang and U-Nam failed to continue to inspire a positive patriotic image for all Koreans as each presents acute political discomfort for one side of the Korean Peninsula; Ko-Dang for the North and U-Nam for the South. However, as Taekwon-Do’s patterns are the core of the art, both patterns deserve inclusion in this Encyclopedia in order to document the whole of the art equally. The presentations of Ko-Dang and U-Nam presented below have been made as consistent and accurate as possible:

• The modernized pattern description text is based on each pattern’s last official published text; Ko-Dang from “TAEKWON-DO: THE KOREAN ART OF SELF-DEFENCE” (1972, 6th Edition 1986) and U-Nam from the “TAEKWON-DO TEXTBOOK” (跆拳道教本, 1959). • The foot diagrams were sourced from other pattern descriptions in Volumes VIII – XV of this Encyclopedia with only three new diagrams required for Ko-Dang and two for U-Nam when comparable footwork transitions did not already exist. • Each photo was matched with or based on an existing photo to ensure consistent depiction and execution of technique.

Ko-Dang was originally practiced as 2nd degree pattern and could therefore be thought of as part of Volume XII of this Encyclopedia. When

U- Nam was in use the Taekwon-Do grading syllabus was only defined through 4th degree with U-Nam listed as an additional pattern beyond that level, so U-Nam could be considered either a 5th or possibly 6th degree pattern and therefore part of Volume XV of this Encyclopedia. The Condensed Patterns presented in this Supplemental Volume humbly continue the tradition in General Choi Hong Hi’s books of improving the detail and clarity of the pattern descriptions while leaving the patterns themselves unchanged. From 1959’s “Same as movement #6 from Pyung

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Ahn 4 [Sa Dan]”, 1965’s “L.B. stance” through to this Encyclopedia’s presentation many improvements have been made over time. The photos and foot diagrams presented within Volumes VIII – XVI of this Encyclopedia are excellent tools for students to learn the patterns. However, the sheer volume of information is problematic as more than half of the pages are dedicated to documenting the patterns. In order to save space the “Condensed Encyclopedia” (TAEKWON-DO – THE KOREAN ART OF SELF-DEFENSE, 1988) only presents the text for each pattern movement alongside a selection of photos. r04 Detailed yet concise text-based pattern descriptions are clearly essential. The Condensed Patterns undertake this challenge by continuing the evolution of the pattern descriptions. Presenting all of the available text- based and footwork information offered in this Encyclopedia, the Condensed Patterns describe each pattern count in a brief and easy to consume format.

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PATTERN KO-DANG

This pattern was practiced by the 2nd degree and above.

DIAGRAM: MOVEMENTS: 39 READY POSTURE: CLOSE READY STANCE TYPE C.

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DIAGRAM ( Yon Moo Son)

C

A B D

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Ready Posture

Close ready stance C toward D.

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1 . Move the right foot to AC to form a sitting stance toward AD, at the same time executing a middle pushing block with a left palm.

Sitting stance middle pushing block with the left palm toward AD.

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Previous Posture

Application

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2 . Execute a middle punch with the right fist while maintaining a sitting stance toward AD.

Sitting stance middle punch with the right fist toward AD.

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Previous Posture Previous Application

Application

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3 . Move the right foot on line CD, forming a right L-stance toward D while executing a middle guarding block to D with the forearm.

Right L-stance forearm guarding block toward D.

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Previous Posture

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雩南型 (우남형)

第二十四節 (제 24 절 / 제이십사절)

연무선 ~ "ㅗ" 전동작 ~ 42 소요시간 ~ 약 1 분 준비자세 ~ "십수형"의 준비자세와 동일함.

十手型 (십수형) 준비자세~ 발을 모아서는 동시에 우권을 왼손으로 가볍게 쌍아 목 7.8 촌 앞에 놓는다. ※ 팔굽은 어깨간격 보다 약간 넓게 벌린다.

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PATTERN U-NAM

This “hyeong” was listed as the 24th pattern in 1959 and was practiced by those above 4th degree.

DIAGRAM: MOVEMENTS: 42 READY POSTURE: CLOSE READY STANCE TYPE A.

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DIAGRAM ( Yon Moo Son)

C

A B

D

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Ready Posture

Close ready stance A toward D

준비자세 ~ "십수형"의 준비자세와 동일함. 十手型 (십수형) 준비자세~ 발을 모아서는 동시에 우권을 왼손으로 가볍게 쌍아 목 7.8 촌 앞에 놓는다. ※ 팔굽은 어깨간격 보다 약간 넓게 벌린다.

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1 . Move the right foot to A to form a sitting stance toward D while executing a side front block with the right inner forearm and a low block with the left forearm.

Sitting stance toward D with a right inner forearm side front block and left forearm low block.

제 1 동작 우족을 1 보 A 방에 욺겨디뎌 기마로 서는 동시에 왼 손목으로 D 방하단을 막으면서 바른 손목으로 A 방상단을 막는다.

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Keep the forearms crossed Previous Posture in front of the solar plexus.

Application

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2 . Execute a side front block with the left inner forearm and a low block with the right forearm while maintaining a sitting stance toward D.

Application

Sitting stance toward D with a left inner forearm side front block and right forearm low block.

제 2 동작 하반신은 그대로 제 1 동작과 반대동작을 취한다

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Keep the forearms crossed Previous Posture in front of the solar plexus. =

Application

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3 . Bring the right foot to the left foot forming a close stance toward D while bringing the right fist to the right hip and at the same time the left fist horizontal in front of the right chest.

Close stance toward D with the left fist horizontal in front of the right chest.

제 3 동작 우족을 좌족에 당겨 모아서는 동시에 우권을 바른 허리에 당기면서 좌권을 바른 가슴앞에 수평으로 대비한다.

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Previous Posture

Application

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CHON-JI TUL (9TH GUP WHITE BELT YELLOW TIP, 19 MOVEMENTS)

296 Chon-Ji means literally "the Heaven - the Earth." In the Orient, it is

interpreted as the creation of the world or the beginning of human history, therefore, it is the initial pattern practiced by the beginner. This pattern consists of two similar parts: one representing Heaven and the other representing Earth.

Stances & Leg Techniques Body Movements • L-stance • Turning R 180° • Parallel Ready Stance • Turning L 90° • Walking Stance • Stepping Forward • Stepping Backward Arm Techniques • Mid Punch [Forefist] • Mid Block [Inner Forefist] • Low Block [Forearm]

Body Movement Diagram Feet In Leg Section Stance/Leg Technique [Tool; Line] Arm Section Arm Technique [Tool; Line] ☺ # Motion [Method] Direction Motion (Stance/Technique To; Diagram Direction) (Technique To; Diagram Direction) ing • 12:00; D Parallel Ready Stance F

1 Turning L 90° 9:00; B L L Walking Stance L Low Block [Forearm; Cl] H 2 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

3 Turning R 180° 3:00; A R R Walking Stance R Low Block [Forearm; Cl] H 4 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance L Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

5 Turning L 90° 12:00; D L>R;L L Walking Stance L Low Block [Forearm; Cl] H 6 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

7 Turning R 180° 6:00; C R R Walking Stance R Low Block [Forearm; Cl] H 8 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance L Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

9 Turning L 90° 3:00; A L>R;L R L-Stance L Mid Block [Inner Forearm; Cl] H 10 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

11 Turning R 180° 9:00; B R L L-Stance R Mid Block [Inner Forearm; Cl] H 12 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance L Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

13 Turning L 90° 6:00; C L>R;L R L-Stance L Mid Block [Inner Forearm; Cl] H 14 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

15 Turning R 180° 12:00; D R L L-Stance R Mid Block [Inner Forearm; Cl] H 16 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance L Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

17 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

18 Stepping Backward R L Walking Stance L Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

19 Stepping Backward L R Walking Stance R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

• Stepping Forward L Parallel Ready Stance F

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U-NAM TUL (5TH DAN BLACK BELT) U-Nam is the pseudonym of the first President of the Republic of (South) Korea, Dr Syngman Rhee Ph.D. U-Nam means “southerly moving cloud” and alternately can be interpreted as “sent from heaven to the south”. Designed to develop agility by focusing on advancing and retreating, U-Nam was removed from the syllabus due to a disputed election in April 1960 that sparked nationwide protests against President Rhee’s rule ultimately forcing his resignation and exile.

Stances & Leg Techniques Arm Techniques • Close Ready Stance Type A • Mid Upper Strike [Elbow] • Raised Prone Position • High Horizontal Strike [Backfist] • High Side Strike [Backfist] • Low Stance • Mid Block [Knife-Hand] • Low Block [Forearm] • One-Leg Stance • High Punch [Open Fist] • High Punch [Forefist] • Close Stance • High (Inward) Front Block [Outer Forearm] • Mid Punch [Forefist] • Fixed Stance • Mid Block [Forearm] • Sitting Stance • High Side Front Block [Inner Forearm] Arm Placements • L-Stance • Mid Back Thrust [Back Elbow] • Fist horizontal in front of opposite Chest • Walking Stance • High W-Shape Block [Twin Outer Forearm] • Fist in front of opposite Chest • Low Upward (Front Snap) Kick [Knee] • High Side Back Strike [Backfist] • Fist pulled to Hip • High (Side Front) Turning Kick [Foot] • Low>Mid Scooping (Upward) Block [Palm] • Palm trapping opponents Instep • Low Front Snap Kick [Foot] • High Thrust [Flat Fingertip] • Fingerbelly on opposite Backhand • Mid Side Piercing Kick [Foot] • High Strike [Backfist] • Palms on ground under shoulders • Low Pressing Block [X-Fist] • Side Fist on opposite Under Fist Leg Placements • Mid Outward Strike [Knife-Hand] • Hand stays in previous position • Heel Raised ~Parallel Stance • Mid Thrust [Straight Fingertip] • Backfist under opposite Elbow 393 Motions • Mid Block [Inner Forearm] • Hands stay in previous position

• Fast Motion • High Rising Block [Forearm] • Hands pulled to L Hip [X-Palm] • Continious Motion • High Vertical Punch [Twin Forefist] • Mid Downward Block [Palm] • Low Pressing Block [Twin Palm]

Body Movements • Sliding (Shifting) Backward [~2 FT] • Turning R 180° • Crouch Down • Sliding Forward [~2 FT] • Turning L 90° 394 • Turning R 45° • Turning L 360° • Stepping Forward

• Stepping Across L • Stepping Backward • Stepping Across R • Turning L 180°

Body Movement Diagram Feet In Leg Section Stance/Leg Technique [Tool; Line] Arm Section Arm Technique [Tool; Line] ☺ # Motion [Method] Direction Motion (Stance/Technique To; Diagram Direction) (Technique To; Diagram Direction) ing • 12:00; D Close Ready Stance Type A F

R High Side Front Block [Inner Forearm; Sl] 1 Stepping Across R R Sitting Stance F L Low Block [Forearm; Cl] L High Side Front Block [Inner Forearm; Sl] 2 F R Low Block [Forearm; Cl] L Fist horizontal in front of opposite Chest [RBl] 3 Stepping Across L R>L Close Stance F R Fist pulled to Hip [Sl] 4 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance High Vertical Punch [Twin Forefist; ~Bl] F

R High Strike [Backfist; Cl] 5 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance F L Backfist under opposite Elbow U -

Nam Tul Lh R High Side Back Strike [Backfist; Fl] (6:00; C) H L Low Block [Forearm; Cl] (11:00; BD) 6 Fast Motion Lh R High Strike [Backfist; Cl] F L Backfist under opposite Elbow

7 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance L High Rising Block [Forearm; Cl] F

8 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance R High Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

Turning L 360° R R Heel Raised ~Parallel Stance (5:00; ~C) L Mid Block [Forearm; Cl] 9 12:00; D H Sliding Shifting Backward [~2 FT] Rh+L L Fixed Stance R Fist in front of opposite Chest [RBl] 10 R R Low Front Snap Kick [Foot; ~Cl] Hands stay in previous position F

11 Sliding Forward [~2 FT] L R Low Stance R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

12 Crouch Down Lh+R R High Side Front Turning Kick [Foot; ~Sl] Palms on ground under shoulders H

R High Punch [Forefist; Cl] 13 Stepping Forward R R Raised Prone Position F L Palm trapping opponents Instep Stepping Forward L 14 L Low Stance L Mid Upper Strike [Elbow; Sl] F Sliding Forward [~2 FT] R 15 Stepping Backward L L L-Stance R Mid Outward Strike [Knife-Hand; Cl>~Fl] H

16 Stepping Backward R R L-Stance L Low>Mid Scooping Upward Block [Palm; Cl] H

17 Stepping Backward L L L-Stance R Mid Outward Strike [Knife-Hand; Cl>~Fl] H

18 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance Low Pressing Block [X-Fist; Cl] F

19 R R Low Upward Front Snap Kick 1 [Knee; ~Bl] Hands pulled to L Hip [X-Palm; Sl] H

Body Movement Diagram Feet In Leg Section Stance/Leg Technique [Tool; Line] Arm Section Arm Technique [Tool; Line] ☺ # Motion [Method] Direction Motion (Stance/Technique To; Diagram Direction) (Technique To; Diagram Direction) ing 20 Sliding Shifting Backward [~2 FT] L R L-Stance L Mid Outward Strike [Knife-Hand; Cl>~Fl] H

Stepping Forward R 21 R Low Stance R Mid Upper Strike [Elbow; Sl] F Sliding Forward [~2 FT] L Stepping Forward R Fist pulled to Hip [Sl] 22 9:00; B L R One-Leg Stance (12:00; D) S Turning L 90° L Side Fist on opposite Under Fist 23 L L Mid Side Piercing Kick [Foot; Fl] L High Horizontal Strike [Backfist; Fl] S

24 Turning R 45° 10:30; BD L R L-Stance Low Pressing Block [Twin Palm; Cl*] F Turning R 45° R R High Inward Front Block [Outer Forearm; Cl] H 25 12:00; D R Walking Stance Stepping Forward Lh R High Side Strike [Backfist; Sl] (3:00; A) F Stepping Backward R 26 L Low Stance L High Thrust [Flat Fingertip; Cl] F Sliding Shifting Backward [~2 FT] L L Hand stays in previous position 27 R R Low Front Snap Kick [Foot; ~Cl] F R Fingerbelly on opposite Backhand Stepping Forward R R Heel Raised ~Parallel Stance (8:00; ~B) L Fist pulled to Hip [Sl] 28 Turning L 180° 6:00; C Rh+L R Walking Stance R Side Fist on opposite Under Fist F Stepping Backward

29 Stepping Across L R Sitting Stance (3:00; A) High W-Shape Block [Twin Outer Forearm; Fl] F

30 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance L High Rising Block [Forearm; Cl] F

31 Sliding Shifting Backward [~2 FT] R;L R L-Stance Low Pressing Block [X-Fist; Cl*] H

32 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance R High Rising Block [Forearm; Cl] F

33 Continuous Motion Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance L High Rising Block [Forearm; Cl] F

34 Continuous Motion Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance R High Rising Block [Forearm; Cl] F

35 L L Mid Side Piercing Kick [Foot; Fl] S

36 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F

R>L;R L Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F 37 Turning R 180° 12:00; D L Walking Stance Rh R Mid Punch [Forefist; Cl] F R Mid Back Thrust [Back Elbow; Rl] (6:00; C) 38 Sliding Shifting Backward [~2 FT] R+L L Low Stance F L Side Fist on opposite Under Fist L Low>Mid Scooping Upward Block [Palm; Cl] 39 Turning L 90° 9:00; B L>R;L L Fixed Stance H R High Punch [Open Fist; Cl*] R Low Block [Forearm; Cl] 40 Stepping Forward R R Walking Stance H 395 L Mid Block [Inner Forearm; Cl] 41 Turning R 180° 3:00; A R L L-Stance R Mid Block [Knife-Hand; Cl] H L Mid Thrust [Straight Fingertip; Cl] 42 Stepping Forward L L Walking Stance F R Mid Downward Block [Palm; Cl] • Turning L 90° 12:00; D L>R Close Ready Stance Type A F

1 – Front Snap Kick