REVISING FISH CONSUMPTION ADVISORIES ONE STEP AT A TIME
INTEGRATING SCIENCE AND DEVELOPING APPROACHES TO INFORM MANAGAMENT FOR CONTAMINANTS OF CONCERN IN AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN SETTINGS
John G. Cargill, IV, P.G.
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control Division of Watershed Stewardship & Division of Waste and Hazardous Substances
May 21, 2019 FISH TISSUE CONTAMINANT MONITORING
• DNREC, in cooperation with the DRBC, NJDEP and others have been testing fish for contaminants for over 30 years. (Focused mainly on impaired Delaware River drainages) • PCBs, mercury, DxF & other contaminants in fish have fallen significantly in response to source mitigation efforts. • Consequently, the number & severity of fish advisories have been reduced in recent years.
2018 Changes to Fish Consumption Advisories in Delaware Waters (Previous Advisories Noted in Orange) Women of childbearing age Waterbody Name Fish Species Average adult/angler Contaminant Children less than 6 years old Tidal Delaware River (between PCBs, dioxins, DE/NJ/PA border and northeast 1 meal per year Do not eat All fish furans, and extent of the Chesapeake and 3 meals per year Do not eat Dieldrin Delaware (C&D) Canal) Striped Bass Channel Catfish 2 meals per year Do not eat PCBs Lower Delaware River and White Catfish 3 meals per year Do not eat Delaware Bay (from the American Eel northeast extent of the C&D 2 meals per year Do not eat White Perch PCBs Canal down to the mouth of the 6 meals per year 6 meals per year* Delaware Bay, defined by a line Bluefish – greater than 20 1 meal per year Do not eat between Cape Henlopen, DE and PCBs, Mercury Cape May, NJ) inches 3 meals per year Do not eat 12 meals per year 12 meals per year Weakfish (Sea Trout) - No limit 12 meals per year Atlantic Coastal Waters (beyond 2 meals per year Do not eat Striped Bass PCBs the mouth of Delaware Bay, 3 meals per year Do not eat extending out 3 miles into the Bluefish – greater than 20 1 meal per year Do not eat Atlantic Ocean between Cape PCBs, Mercury Henlopen and Fenwick Island) inches 3 meals per year Do not eat
Previous advisories issued in 2009 - Lower River/Bay and Coastal Waters, and 2013 - Tidal Portion HOW DID WE GET TO WHERE WE ARE IN DELAWARE ? ONE STEP AT A TIME
1. Agree To Be Part of The Solution • Embrace DRBC Pollution Minimization Plan Strategy • Foster Relationships and Partnerships . . . Be a TEAM 2. Characterize Current Loads 3. Prioritize Load Reduction Efforts 4. Actively Reduce Loads 5. Move to the Next Priority WHAT IS WATAR? WATERSHED APPROACH TO TOXICS ASSESSMENT AND RESTORATION
• Whole Basin Management framework – “…programs from throughout DNREC work in an integrated manner to assess different geographic areas of the State defined on the basis of drainage patterns” • Focus on Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) compounds – Risk drivers for fish advisories • Linking Sources and Sinks – advanced sampling and analysis utilizing multiple lines of evidence • Clean Water Act (1972), 303d listing and TMDL implementation tool - assess impact of toxics in waterways • HSCA site prioritization tool – target DNREC remediation efforts MEDIA SAMPLED & ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS
SURFACE WATER SEDIMENT FISH TISSUE • PCBs by EPA Method 1668 • PCBs by EPA Method 1668 • PCBs by EPA Method 1668 • Dioxins and Furans by EPA • Dioxins and Furans by EPA • Dioxins and Furans by EPA Method 1613 Method 1613 Method 1613 • Organochlorine Pesticides by • Organochlorine Pesticides by • Organochlorine Pesticides by EPA Method 1699 EPA Method 8081 EPA Method 1699 • PAHs + Alkylated Homologs by • PAHs + Alkylated Homologs by • PAHs + Alkylated Homologs by EPA Method 8270/1625 EPA Method 8270 SIM EPA Method 8270/1625 • Mercury by EPA Method 7471 • Total Mercury by EPA Method 1631 General WATER parameters and sorbents • Methyl Mercury by EPA Method General SEDIMENT parameters and 1630 • BC of Suspended Sediments sorbents • % lipid • PC, POC, DOC • TOC/BC • Chl-a • Bulk Density Other for Water, Sediment and Fish • TSS • Specific Gravity of Solids • Chlorinated Benzenes in Red Lion Watershed • DO, T, Cond, pH • % Moisture • Grain Size • Metals in Christina Basin (Sediment only) • Ambient toxicity (Water only – DRBC) APPLICATION OF WATAR APPROACH TO CHESAPEAKE BAY DRAINAGES
Stations, Media and Analytes Tested During Year 1
Filters Filters
Whole Whole Water
Whole Whole Water Filtered
Watershed Station Location (North to South)
Whole Whole Water
(from extract split) (from extract
Whole Whole Water
filtrate filtrate
Filters
Surface Water; T, DO, salinity& pH, Water; conductivity Surface field measurement TSS, Water; PC, from Surface Chl-a & POC, DOC Carboy 10-L from centrifuged 55-gal DOC Water; Surface sample from and PCB for DxF 20-L Water, Surface and fractionation) (co-extraction MRES 20-L with Pesticides Water, ON Surface from from and PCB for DxF 2.5-L 20-L Water, Surface Filtrate 1L MRESfor Water, with Surface Pesticides ON from 20L PAHs for 2.5-L Water, Surface PAHs for 2.5-L Water, Surface Carbamates for 1-L Water, Surface ml 500 AMPA, Water, Glyphosate, for and Surface Glufosinate Acid for Extractable 1-L Water, Surface Herbicides Suspended Sediments,from 55-gal TOC/BC sample centrifuged Sediments, Surface Grain TOC/BC, size, moisture, bulkgravity specific & density Sediment,Surface includingTAL Metals Mercury and Cyanide Sediments,from multipleSubsurface TOC/BC SlicesCore Sediment,Surface DxF, PCBs, MRES Pesticides Moisture & Carbamates with Pesticides, ON PAHs Sediments, mL Surface 500 Glyphosate, for AMPA, and Glufosinate Fish Tissue, DxF, PCBs, MRES with Pesticides ON Moisture, & Pesticides, LipidsPAHs Long Branch @ Steale Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P C&D West Watershed Sammons Pond Outflow @ Old Telegraph Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Bohemia Mill Pond Outflow @ Old Telegraph Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Bohemia Watershed Sandy Branch @ Old Telegraph Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Sassafras River Watershed Sassafras River @ Maryline Line Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Cypress Branch @ Delaney Church Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Chester River Watershed Sewell Branch @ Sewell Branch Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Gravelly Run @ Blanco Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Choptank River Watershed Choptank River @ Rd 287 P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Marshyhope Creek Watershed Marshyhope Creek @ Rt. 404 P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke River @ Rifle Range Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke River @ Old Furnace Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke Watershed Nanticoke River @ Seaford P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke River @ Woodland Ferry P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke River @ MD/DE Line P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Records Pond Outflow P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Broad Creek Watershed Broad Creekbelow Bethel P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Pocomoke River Watershed Pocomoke River @ Bethel Rd P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Notes: 1. MRES = Multi-Residue Pesticides includes organochlorine (OC) pesticides, organophosphate (OP) pesticides, triazine herbicides, total pyrethroids, and organonitrogen (ON) herbicides Stations, Media and Analytes Tested During Year 2
Watershed Station Location (North to South)
Whole Whole Water
Whole Whole Water
Moisture, Lipids
Pesticides with ON Pesticides, PAHs & & with Pesticides, Pesticides ON PAHs
Fish Tissue, DxF, PCBs, MRES
Collected 2017 Collected
PAHs & Moisture from& Slices PAHs Core
MRES with Pesticides, Pesticides ON
Subsurface Sediment,Subsurface DxF, PCBs,
Core Slices Core 2017 Collected
including from and Cyanide Mercury
Subsurface Sediment, Subsurface TAL Metals
gravity
size, moisture, bulk specific & density
Surface Sediments, Surface Grain TOC/BC,
LC MS/MSLC
Surface Sediments - NeonicitinoidsSurface by
and Sterols by MLA-068 (EPA 1698)) and Sterols by MLA-068
Surface Sediments - (HRMS Hormones Sediments Hormones - (HRMS Surface
by by MLA-046)
Surface Sediments Pyrethroids - (HRMS Surface
Neonicitinoids
Surface Water, V for Water, TBD Surface
Sterols Sterols
Surface Water, 1-L for Hormones and Hormones for 1-L Water, Surface
Whole Whole Water
Surface Water, 1-L for Pyrethroids Pyrethroids for 1-L Water, Surface
Chl-a from 10-L Carboy from Chl-a 10-L
Surface Water; TSS, Water; PC, Surface & POC, DOC
& salinity& field measurement Surface Water; T, DO, pH, Water; conductivity Surface Long Branch @ Steale Rd P P P P P P P P P C&D West Watershed Sammons Pond Outflow @ Old Telegraph Rd P P P P P P P P P Bohemia Mill Pond Outflow @ Old Telegraph Rd P P P P P P P P P Bohemia Watershed Sandy Branch @ Old Telegraph Rd P P P P P P P P P Sassafras River Watershed Sassafras River @ Maryline Line Rd P P P P P P P P P Cypress Branch @ Delaney Church Rd P P P P P P P P P Chester River Watershed Sewell Branch @ Sewell Branch Rd P P P P P P P P P Gravelly Run @ Blanco Rd P P P P P P P P P Choptank River Watershed Choptank River @ Rd 287 P P P P P P P P P Marshyhope Creek Watershed Marshyhope Creek @ Rt. 404 P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke River @ Rifle Range Rd P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke River @ Old Furnace Rd P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke Watershed Nanticoke River @ Seaford P P P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke River @ Woodland Ferry P P P P P P P P P Nanticoke River @ MD/DE Line P P P P P P P P P P P Records Pond Outflow P P P P P P P P P Broad Creek Watershed Broad Creekbelow Bethel P P P P P P P P P Pocomoke River Watershed Pocomoke River @ Bethel Rd P P P P P P P P P Notes: 1. Subsurface sediment samples collected from the Nanticoke River @ Seaford and the Nanticoke River @ MD/DE Line include multiple samples collected from discreet depth intervals along sediment cores. 2. Fish samples for contaminants analysis will be collected from twelve (12) public ponds (Mud Mill Pond, Chipman Pond, Concord Pond, Craigs Pond, Hearns Pond, Horseys Pond, Portsville Pond, Racoon Pond, Records Pond, Trap Pond, Trussum Pond, and Tussock Pond). SGS AXYS Analytical Services Test Method Matrices Aqueous, Sediment, Tissue, Chesapeake Drainage Analytical Methods PCB Congeners USEPA 1668A - HRMS Glass Wound Filter Aqueous, Sediment, Tissue, Dioxins/Furans USEPA 1613B - HRMS • Get the best data you can afford, and make Glass Wound Filter Aqueous, Sediment, Tissue, it consistent between jurisdictions! Multi-Residue Pesticides USEPA 1699 - HRMS Glass Wound Filter PAHs and Alkylated PAHs USEPA 8270C/D + USEPA 1625 Aqueous, Sediment, Tissue • Collect data strategically, to answer a Carbamates MLA-047 - LC MS/MS Aqueous, Sediment question, or multiple questions. Glyphosates MLA-054 - LC MS/MS Aqueous, Sediment Acid Extractable Herbicides MLA-037 - HRMS Aqueous Pyrethroids MLA-046 - HRMS Aqueous, Sediment • Share information and data (or submit to Hormones and Sterols USEPA 1698 - HRMS Aqueous, Sediment commission or consortium). Neonicitinoids Pending Aqueous, Sediment TestAmerica Test Method Matrices Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Modified Lloyd Kahn Sediment Black Carbon (BC) Grain (Particle) Size ASTM D422 Sediment Bulk Density ASTM D2937 Sediment Specific Gravity of Solids ASTM D854 Sediment TAL Metals, including Mercury and USEPA 6020A, 7471B and 9012B Sediment Total Cyanide Methylmercury USEPA 1630 Tissue DNREC ELS Test Method Matrices Carbon, Organic - Dissolved (DOC) APHA 5310-B Aqueous Carbon, Particulate (PC) USEPA 440(W) Aqueous Carbon, Particulate, Organic (POC) USEPA 440(W) Aqueous Chlorophyll-a USEPA 445 Aqueous Residue, Nonfilterable (TSS) USEPA 2540-D Aqueous WHAT DOES THE DATA SAY?
STAY TUNED…. HOW WILL WE GET TO THE SAME PLACE WITH DELAWARE’S CHESAPEAKE DRAINAGES? ONE STEP AT A TIME
1. Agree To Be Part of The Solution • Embrace Chesapeake Bay Program Plan/Strategy • Foster Relationships and Partnerships . . . Be a TEAM 2. Characterize Current Loads 3. Prioritize Load Reduction Efforts 4. Actively Reduce Loads 5. Move to the Next Priority CONTACT INFORMATION HTTP://WWW.DNREC.DELAWARE.GOV/DWHS/SIRB/PAGES/WATAR.ASPX
John G. Cargill, IV, P.G. DNREC – Div. of Watershed Stewardship – Watershed Assessment & Management Section DNREC – Div. of Waste and Haz. Substances - Site Investigation and Restoration Section [email protected] 302-739-9939 302-395-2600
Todd A. Keyser, P.G. DNREC- Div. of Waste and Haz. Substances – Site Investigation and Restoration Section [email protected] 302-395-2600 QUESTIONS?