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Home , Backbone Limestone, Grove Church Shale, Joachim Dolomite, Kinkaid Limestone, Oneota Dolomite

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Kentucky Geological Survey Map and Chart Kentucky Geological Survey

2017 Kentucky Stratigraphy Stephen F. Greb University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits oy u.

Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/kgs_mc Part of the Geology Commons

Repository Citation Greb, Stephen F., "Kentucky Stratigraphy" (2017). Kentucky Geological Survey Map and Chart. 210. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/kgs_mc/210

This Map and Chart is brought to you for free and open access by the Kentucky Geological Survey at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kentucky Geological Survey Map and Chart by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAP AND CHART 211 William C. Haneberg, State Geologist and Director Series XII, 2017 UNIVERSITY of KENTUCKY, Lexington Kentucky Stratigraphy https://doi.org/10.13023/kgs.mc211.12 Compiled by Stephen F. Greb

Western Kentucky Western Kentucky Central Kentucky Eastern Kentucky ia l Western Kentucky Western Kentucky Central Kentucky Eastern Kentucky Era Era Series Series

(Mississippi Embayment) ( Basin) (Cincinnati Arch) (Appalachian Basin) Glacial- (Mississippi Embayment) (Illinois Basin) (Cincinnati Arch) (Appalachian Basin) System System (E po ch) (E po ch) Substages Interglac 0 Holo- Late 0 Quarter- See Holocene- detail (larger scale) cene Peoria loess nary Pleistocene ? See Holocene-Pleistocene detail (larger scale)  Ohio River Big Bone Lick (mostly Most of Kentucky’s 2.6 Roxana silt “Metropolis Fm.” floodplain sediments floodplain sediments on sinan less than 10,600 years old)

Pliocene lli noian Loveland loess I ? (alluvium) are 0 to (alluvium) are less than Mounds Gravel Middle 5.3 Wisc 20,000 years old 10,000 years old ? (Lafayette Gravel, continental deposits) Old Kentucky River on ian 1.0 river deposits Upper ? 10

no ian ? anga m S

Pleistocene ? Quaternary Ohio River in its present valley Cenozoic Cenozoic ? ? Irvine Fm. Early Pre-Illi

Neogene Lower levels formed (Older downstream to west) 2.0 pa rt pa rt Miocene The “Mounds Gravel” may be as

ia ry young as the Early Pleistocene Mammoth Cave Upper levels formed

sly iou sly Prev Tert of iou sly Prev P lio c en e of ? 20 Lo wer Middle 2.59 23 ppe r U Western Kentucky Western Kentucky Central Kentucky Eastern Kentucky Era ciozoneC Series

System (Mississippi Embayment) (Illinois Basin) (Cincinnati Arch) (Appalachian Basin) 30

en e Oligoc 359 Lo wer ? Cleveland Shale Member 360 )yraitreT fo trap ylsuoiverp( trap fo )yraitreT Three Lick Bed Berea Ss. 33.9 Hannibal Maury Fm.? equivalent Ky. ) Jackson Member Bedford Sh. ppe r Cl egg Creek ? U Formation Member U. Upper tral en tral be r Sha le

“Cockfield Fm.” Sha le Camp Run Mbr. ea st-central Ky.) M. Middle

“Cook 40 ou th-c

Grassy Creek and Mountain Morgan L. Gassaway Mbr. (of Chattanooga Sh.) Mem

Fm.” Ohio (in s (in Lower Member Trail Mbr. 370 Huron

“Sparta en tral

Middle Fm.” Upper (in c (in Upper Olentangy Shale Sh ale and ”) Eo c en e Dowelltown Mbr. und ivided) Selmier Member Sh . ( (of Chattanooga Sh.) Rhinestreet ph is S ? Shale

50 Shale Albany New (upper) Albany New Jackson and Claiborne Claiborne and Jackson Fms. rne Fm. (Gp.) Clai bo rne “Tallahata Formation” an oog a (“ Mem ? ? ? Blocher Mbr. 380 Lo wer ? (of New Albany Sh.)

leogene ? ? ? Wilcox Fm. Chatt Portwood Mbr. Blocher Member New Albany Albany New

Pa (of New Albany Sh.) 56 (lower) Sweetland Creek Mbr. Sweetland Portwood Mbr. Duffin bed ppe r

U Marcellus Sellersburg Ls. Boyle Porters Creek Clay 60 ? Beechwood Mbr. Dolomite Shale Mid. Midway on ian Silver Creek Mbr. ? Clayton Middle Grand ? Onondaga 390 Group ? Formation Tower Ls. Limestone Dev

Lo wer ? Dutch Creek Ss. ? 66 ? “Owl Creek Fm.” Jeffersonville de d

ee k Limestone McNairy Fm. 70

und ivi Clear Creek McNairy Fms. McNairy and 400 ? Limestone r Cr ea r on Limestone

? ? Cl

? “Coffee Sand” Fm. McNairy Clear Clear CreekChert

Clayt Backbone “Post Creek Fm.” ? Limestone (The McNairy Formation as ? Lo wer ciozoseM 80 Grassy Knob mapped in western Kentucky Grassy may contain other units in Chert ? Oriskany addition to the McNairy Sand Knob Ls. Grassy Knob Ls. 410 of other states) Sandstone ? Upper Flat Gap (The Tuscaloosa Flat Gap Limestone Helderberg Formation in western Limestone Limestone Kentucky may be younger than at its 90 type locality) 419 420 ? Bailey Brownsport Fm. ? Salina Tuscaloosa Fm. Pridoli Limestone ? ? Decatur Ls. Lobelville Mbr. Dolomite Bob Member (old (old Upper) Moccasin Moccasin Beech River Mbr. Lud low Springs Springs Fm. Dixon Ls. Lockport Formation Lego Ls. Louisville Dolomite 100.5 Waldron Sh. Limestone ? 430

en lock St. Clair St. Clair Laurel Do. Bisher Do. Keefer Ss. W Unconformity (Triassic, Jurassic, and Lower to Middle Cretaceous strata are absent in Kentucky) (old Middle) Limestone Limestone Osgood Fm. Crab Orchard Fm. Estill Shale Mbr.

S il urian (of Crab Orchard Fm.) Waco Ls. Mbr.

252 Lulbegrud Sh. Mbr. Fm.ha rd ? ? Lee Creek Member ? Sh. A lge r Paleozoic Oldham Ls. Mbr. ? Drowning ? Plum Creek Sh. Mbr. Sh.RoseHill ab Orc do very Lo wer) ? Creek Fm. Cr (old (old Llan Brassfield Do. 440 Tuscarora Ss. Sexton Creek Ls. Belfast Mbr. of Brassfield Do. 260 Brassfield Mbr. of Drowning Ck. Fm. 444

Upper Drakes Fm. Drakes Fm. Bull Fork Fm. Grant Lake Ls. Juniata Cumberland Bull Fork Fm. “Upper Formation ” Formation Maquoketa Shale Grant Lake Ls. Ashlock Fm. Maquoketa undivided Leipers Fm. Calloway Ck. Fm. Fairview Fm. Garrard Slt. in subsurface Martinsburg 450 Shale Kope Fm. Clays Ferry or Kope Fm. Clays Ferry Fm. Point Pleasant tongue Formation Mud Cave ? 270 Kimmswick Ls. Lexington Ls. Lexington Ls. Trenton Limestone (Millbrig) Western Kentucky Upper K-bentonite Fluorspar District Plattin Limestone High Tyrone Ls. and Oregon Fm. High High Bridge Group Elliott Bridge Gp. Camp Nelson Ls. Bridge Gp. (Black River Group) Pencil Cave igneous intrusions Pecatonica Limestone Pecatonica Ls. (Deicke) County Wells K-bentonite igneous Joachim and Dutchtown Fms. Creek Wells Creek Dolomite Wells Creek Dolomite intrusion undivided Dutchtown Formation Do. 460 ? ? ? ? Permian St. Peter Ss. St. Peter Ss. St. Peter Ss. St. Peter Ss. ? 280 Middle Middle do vician Or Near Tennessee: Near Tennessee: 470 Black Rock Mbr. Mascot Do. Mascot Do. ? 290 Smithville Fm. “upper Knox” Longview Do. Kingsport Do. Powell Do. “upper ? Kingsport Do. Knox” ? Longview Do. Cotter Do. undivided Waverly Arch ? Shakopee Jefferson City Dolomite Lo wer Lo wer Dolomite ? ? ? Mauzy Fm. ? ? ? 480 Roubidoux Do. Beekmantown 299 Dolomite Beekmantown

Oneota Dolomite pu l- 300 Gasconade Dolomite pu l-

Conemaugh and Beekmantown Gp.

epe c Do. Dolomite

Gunter Ss. Gunter Ss. epe c Dol. t Che t ? ? Che ciozoelaP Mattoon Fm. Monongehala Fm. ? 485 Supe rgroup Bond Fm. undivided Supe rgroup

Upper Rose Run Sandstone Rose Run Sandstone Patoka Fm. Conemaugh Fm. Eminence Dolomite x Group Kno x suorefinobraC etaL suorefinobraC x Kno x x Kno x

Copper Ridge Group Kno x bo ro Group Lean s-Mc Shelburn Fm. Copper Ridge Copper Ridge 490 Carbondale Fm. Dolomite Dolomite Dolomite 310 Upper Elvins Formation

Middle Tradewater Princess Fm.Princess Maynardsville Limestone Eau Claire Formation Four Corners Fm. International position Eau Claire Nolichucky Shale ia n Pe nnsylvan Formation ? Hyden Formation ? Mount Simon Ss. k Group ee k Raccoon Mount Traditional U.S. position Corbin Ss. Pikeville Formation Formation 500 Grundy Formation Maryville Cr Caseyville Fm. Livingston Cgl. Simon ug a Group Breathitt Gp. Breathitt Limestone Bee Rock Ss. Alvy Creek Fm. 320 Sandstone “Basal Ss.” Sewanee Ss. and Bottom Creek Fm.

Lo wer Warren Point Ss. No units subdivided in the Rogersville Sh. 323 Middle deeper part of the Rutledge Ls. In south-central Ky. Slade Mbrs in NE Ky. Paragon Fm. Degonia Fm. Rough Creek Graben above the Conasa Clore Ls. Buffalo Poppin Rock Mbr. Pennington Near Virginia Pumpkin Valley Sh. Reelfoot Arkose Palestine Fm. Wallow Fm. Leitchfield Fm. Pennington Fm. Maddox Br. Mbr. Fm. or Gp. Bramwell Mbr. ? Ramey Creek Mbr. Menard Ls. Carter Caves Ss. Pride Sh. Mbr. Bluestone Fm. 510 Bangor Ls. Tygarts Creek Mbr., Waltersburg Fm. Little Stone Gap Mbr. ? Upper Vienna Ls. Holly Fork Mbr., Hinton Fm. ? Girkin Fm. Hartselle Fm. Armstrong Hill Mbr., Stony Gap Mbr. Tar Springs Ss. Golconda Fm. & Cave Branch Bed Rome Fm. Shady Do. Glen Dean Ls. Kidder 330 Reelfoot Arkose Paint Creek Ls. Mont- Arch ti Ls. Mbr. Mill Knob Mbr. ? Hardinsburg Ss. Renault Ls. Renault Ls. Paoli Ls. Ste. Gene- eagle Ste. Warix Run Mbr. Haney Ls. Levias Ls. Mbr. Genevieve Fredonia Ls. Mbr. Rosiclare Ss. Mbr. Ste. Genevieve Ls. Golconda Fm. Big Clifty Ss. vieve Ls. Ls. Ls. Mbr. “Basal Ss.” Beech Creek Ls. St. Louis Ls. St. Louis Ls. Newman Rome Trough Grenville Front Grenville Cypress Ss. St. Louis Ls. Burnside Member Limestone Rough Creek Graben Cincinna suorefinobraC ylraE suorefinobraC Reelsville Ls. (of Slade Fm.) or ? Paint Creek Ls. Sample Ss. Salem Ls. Salem- St. Louis Member Beaver Bend Ls. Salem Ls. 520 (of Newman Ls.) Bethel Ss. Warsaw Fms. (undivided) Fm.Slade Middle Aux Vases Ss. Harrodsburg Ls. Renfro Mbr. ? 340 Salem- Warsaw Fm. Fms. Warsaw Muldraugh Mbr. (of Slade Fort Payne Cane Valley Mbr. (Ft. Payne Fm.) (Borden Fm.) or Borden Fm.) Fm. (Chert) or Fort Payne Knifley Slt. and Jabez Ss. Mbrs. (Borden Fm.) ? ? Floyds Knob bed ? Maccrady Fm. Lo wer Formation “reef ls.” (Ft. Payne Fm.) (on Pine Mountain) Nada Member ? New Nancy Providence Mbr. Cowbell Mbr. Shale Mbr. Farmers Mbr. 530 ? (Borden Fm.) Fm. ne ? Rockford ? ? Rockford ? rden For ma tion Bo rden 350 Limestone Limestone ? ? ? Henley ? ? ? bed Grainger Jacobs Hannibal Jacobs Chapel bed equivalent Formation Chapel (on Pine Mountain) Fort Pay Lo wer bed (part) Sh. Mbr., ? l Sh. ba l New Falling ?

Albany Run equ ival en t y Sh.” ur y “Ma Sunbury Shale New New Providence Shale

Mbr., Mbr., New 540 y Sh. A lban y bed Hanni Shale ? ? 541 Gassaway Member, 359 Chattanooga Shale unconformity Change in time scale Era System Explanation 541 Western Kentucky Western Kentucky Central Kentucky Eastern Kentucky 600 (MiWesternssissippi Kentucky Embayment) Western(Illinois Kentucky Basin) Central(Cincinnati Kentucky Arch) Eas(Appalternac Kentuckyhian Basin) Ediacaran This stratigraphic chart shows correlations of Kentucky rock units scaled to the International (Mississippi Embayment) (Illinois Basin) (Cincinnati Arch) (Appalachian Basin) 635 Commission on Stratigraphy time scale (Gradstein and others, 2012; Cohen and others, 2013). Explanation Covington 39° Alluvium 700 Legend , Paleogene,

Rock-unit names for four general geologic regions of the commonwealth are provided: the and Cretaceous North Cryogenian Quaternary ? Paleogene & Neogene 0 50 mi Mississippi Embayment, Illinois Basin, Cincinnati Arch, and Appalachian Basin. Rock-unit & Cretaceous Ashland 800 Mississippian Louisville Pennsylvanian scale Frankfort Middle Front Grenville names and correlations are updated from data collected for the Correlation of Stratigraphic Mississippian 38° Run Fm. Owensboro Lexington 850 Devonian Units of North America project (Patchen and others, 1984; Shaver, 1984), which was the last Ordovician 900 Silurian

Fault Neoproterozoic Tonian Ordovician comprehensive correlation of Kentucky’s rock-unit stratigraphy. Data on Quaternary sedi- Pikeville ? mentary units are also included. This update is in response to changes to some of Kentucky’s Paducah London Grenville 1,000 37° bedrock nomenclature, correlations of units, and changes in the geologic time scale (series and Bowling Green Metamorphic stage correlations and dates) since the COSUNA charts were published. The age of most units Hopkinsville East Continent Rift Basin Province 1,100 shown is relative and based on stratigraphic correlation. Numeric ages and correlations are Middlesboro (metamorphic and 89° 88° 87° 86° 85° 84° 83° 82° subject to change, which is why periodic updates are needed to stratigraphic charts. More igneous crust) 1,200

information concerning individual rock units, geologic time, and references can be found at B Elev. (ft) Neogene, Mississippian +3,000 Ectasian 1,300 the Kentucky Geological Survey website (www.uky.edu/KGS). Paleogene, and Mississippian Devonian Devonian Pennsylvanian Pennsylvanian Elev. Cretaceous Silurian Silurian (ft) 0 Ordovician 0 Ordovician 1,400 References Cited Cambrian Ordovician Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province

Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L., and Fan, J.-X., 2013, The ICS international chronostratigraph ic chart: –5,000 Cambrian Precambrian –5,000 (igneous crust) Episodes, v. 36, no. 3, p. 199–204. Calymmian 1,500 Surface and generalized subsurface distribution of rock-unit systems in Kentucky. Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J., Schmitz, M.A., and Ogg, G., 2012, A geologic time scale 2012: International Commis- Regions shown on map correspond to regions on stratigraphic chart. 1,600 sion on Stratigraphy, www.stratigraphy.org [accessed 12/2014]. Patchen, D.G., Avary, K.L., and Erwin, R.B., coords., 1984, Southern Appalachian Region: American Associa- tion of Petroleum Geologists, COSUNA Project, 1 sheet. Legend Abbreviations for Formal Unit Names Explanation of Symbols Cgl. Conglomerate Mbr. Member Shaver, R.H., coord., 1984, Midwest Basins and Arches Region: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Formal unit names are capitalized Unconformable contact Correlation that may be COSUNA Project, 1 sheet. Do. Dolomite Sh. Shale younger (up arrow) or older “Unit Names” in quotation marks are formal units Missing time Conformable contact (down arrow) than shown from bordering states that occur, or may occur, in Fm. Formation Slt. Siltstone (from erosion or nondeposition) Significant named bed Kentucky, but are not officially recognized in Kentucky Gp. Group Ss. Sandstone Uncertain contact Statement of Benefit to Kentucky. This stratigraphic chart helps to show Informal unit names are lowercase Ls. Limestone Condensed section the rock units and their ages occurring in different parts of Kentucky. It (little deposition over (age or correlation uncertain) also helps with correlations of units into other states and countries. Italicized unit names are significant beds or the equivalents of units that were not officially mapped in a region very long time)