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NEGOTIATING the LABYRINTH of MODERNITY's PROMISE a PARADIGM ANALYSIS of ENERGY POVERTY in PERI-URBAN KUMASI, GHANA by Lily

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NEGOTIATING the LABYRINTH of MODERNITY's PROMISE a PARADIGM ANALYSIS of ENERGY POVERTY in PERI-URBAN KUMASI, GHANA by Lily NEGOTIATING THE LABYRINTH OF MODERNITY’S PROMISE A PARADIGM ANALYSIS OF ENERGY POVERTY IN PERI-URBAN KUMASI, GHANA by Lily Ameley Odarno A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Energy and Environmental Policy Summer 2014 © 2014 Lily Ameley Odarno All Rights Reserved UMI Number: 3642344 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3642344 Published by ProQuest LLC (2014). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 NEGOTIATING THE LABYRINTH OF MODERNITY’S PROMISE A PARADIGM ANALYSIS OF ENERGY POVERTY IN PERI-URBAN KUMASI, GHANA by Lily Ameley Odarno Approved: __________________________________________________________ John Byrne, Ph.D. Professor in charge of dissertation on behalf of Advisory Committee Approved: __________________________________________________________ Young-Doo Wang, Ph.D. Director of the Energy and Environmental Policy Program Approved: __________________________________________________________ Babatunde Ogunnaike, Ph.D. Dean of the College of Engineering Approved: __________________________________________________________ James G. Richards, Ph.D. Vice Provost for Graduate and Professional Education I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ John Byrne, Ph.D. Professor in charge of dissertation I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Lawrence Agbemabiese, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Renosi Mokate, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Yacob Mulugetta, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am deeply grateful to Dr. John Byrne for his very able guidance and mentorship through this process. My sincerest gratitude also goes to Dr. Lawrence Agbemabiese, Dr. Renosi Mokate and Dr. Yacob Mulugetta for serving on my dissertation committee. Their thought-provoking questions and very gracious support through this process were invaluable. I would like to thank my colleagues and staff at the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy for creating a congenial and academically stimulating environment which has been of great value to me over the years. I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to my husband Emmanuel, and my lovely daughter Gabrielle for their love, support and motivation through this very challenging journey. I certainly could not have made it without them. To my parents who gave me the best of everything and set me up to attain great heights, I am deeply grateful. To my very wonderful parents-in-law, thank you for the loving support. I am ultimately grateful to God for the grace He gave me to succeed on this very important academic journey. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... x ABSTRACT............................................................................................................. xii Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1 Energy and Development ................................................................................ 1 Energy Poverty ............................................................................................... 3 Energy Poverty: A Persistent Modern Problem? .................................. 4 The Changing Landscape of Energy Poverty ....................................... 7 Urban Change and Informal Urban Settlements .............................................. 9 Peri-Urbanism Defined...................................................................... 12 The Global Reach of Peri-Urbanism .................................................. 14 Asia ............................................................................................. 14 Latin America and Caribbean ...................................................... 15 Africa .......................................................................................... 16 Energy Challenges in Peri-Urban Settlements ................................... 19 Relevance of the Study ................................................................................. 19 Structure of the Dissertation .......................................................................... 21 2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK .................................................................. 23 Kuhn‘s Structure of Scientific Revolutions .................................................... 23 The Community Structure of Science ................................................ 23 Paradigms and Paradigmatic Communities ........................................ 25 Characterization of Paradigms ........................................................... 25 Paradigms as Exemplars .................................................................... 26 Anomalies and Crises ........................................................................ 28 Paradigm Shifts and Revolutions ....................................................... 31 v The Interdisciplinary Applicability of Kuhn‘s Paradigm Theory ................... 34 Kuhn and Political Societies .............................................................. 36 Kuhn and History .............................................................................. 39 The Kuhnian Approach in Energy-Development Studies .............................. 42 Development and the Modern Energy System ................................... 42 Energy- Development Relations as a Paradigm ................................. 46 Paradigmatic Theories of Development and their Energy Parallels ................ 48 The Growth Pole Theory ................................................................... 48 An Energy Parallel of the Growth Pole Theory of Development ........ 52 Rostow‘s modernization theory ......................................................... 53 An Energy Parallel of Rostow‘s Modernization Theory ..................... 54 Rondinelli‘s theory of secondary cities .............................................. 55 An Energy Parallel of Rondinelli‘s Theory of Secondary Cities......... 56 Recent Development Approaches ...................................................... 57 Energy Parallels of Modern Development Approaches ...................... 59 The Applicability of Kuhn‘s Paradigm Approach to Energy Poverty Assessment ................................................................................................... 60 3 METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................... 64 The Research Approach .................................................................... 64 Energy as a Social Study ............................................................................... 65 The Contested Nature of Social Inquiry ............................................. 67 Aristotle on Intellectual Virtues ......................................................... 72 Context, Cases and Exemplars ...................................................................... 75 The Value of Case Studies................................................................. 77 The Analytical Framework of the Study ........................................................ 82 Research Methods......................................................................................... 85 Historical Review .............................................................................. 85 Case Study ........................................................................................ 85 The Study Community: Oti ............................................................... 85 The Interview Process ....................................................................... 88 vi 4 THE MACRO-CONTEXT OF ENERGY POVERTY IN OTI: ENERGY- DEVELOPMENT RELATIONS IN GHANA .............................................. 91 The Development Context of Ghana ............................................................
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