DOCSLIB.ORG

Permukiman Kuna Di Kawasan Way Sekampung, Lampung Pada Masa Śriwijaya

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Permukiman Kuna Di Kawasan Way Sekampung, Lampung Pada Masa Śriwijaya PERMUKIMAN KUNA DI KAWASAN WAY SEKAMPUNG, LAMPUNG, PADA MASA ŚRIWIJAYA Nanang Saptono Balai Arkeologi Bandung, Jl. Raya Cinunuk Km 17, Cileunyi, Bandung 40623 [email protected] Abstrak. Lampung pernah menjadi bagian dari wilayah kekuasaan Śriwijaya. Hal ini ditandai oleh temuan Prasasti Palas Pasemah, Bungkuk, dan Batu Bedil yang merupakan prasasti dari masa Śriwijaya. Prasasti, terutama prasasti peringatan, pasti ditempatkan di areal permukiman. Selain lokasi prasasti, kawasan permukiman dapat dilacak melalui tinggalan arkeologis. Melalui pendekatan arkeologi keruangan dapat diperoleh gambaran tentang pola permukiman di sepanjang aliran Way Sekampung. Pada dasarnya kawasan di sepanjang sungai dapat dibedakan menjadi kawasan hulu dan hilir. Kawasan hulu cenderung merupakan kawasan masyarakat penganut Hindu, sedangkan di hilir merupakan masyarakat penganut Buddha. Pada kedua permukiman kelompok masyarakat tersebut juga terdapat jejak religi budaya megalitik. Kata kunci: Prasasti, Permukiman, Arca, Kawasan Hulu, Kawasan Hilir, Hindu, Buddha, Religi, Way Sekampung. Abstract. Old Settlement in Way Sekampung Area, Lampung, during The Śrivijaya Period. Lampung had a Śrivijaya Empire. The inscriptions of Palas Pasemah, Bungkuk, and Batu Bedil are an inscriptions of the Śrivijaya Kingdoms. Inscriptions, especially inscriptions warning, definitely placed at the residential location. In addition to the location of the inscription, the settlement can be traced through the distribution of archaeological remains which have the same background with the inscription. Through spatial archaeological approaches settlement and community life along the Way Sekampung can be determined. Along the river there are two regions upstream and downstream areas. Upstream region end to be the Hindu community while downstream is a Buddhist society. Both groups are still running religious megalithic culture. Keywords: Inscriptions, Settlements, Statues, the upstream, Downstream, Hindu, Buddhist, Religions, Sekampung River. 1. Pendahuluan Munculnya istilah Lampung mungkin Perkembangan sejarah budaya masyarakat masih relatif baru. Asumsi ini didasari pada Lampung telah melalui beberapa babakan sejak kenyataan bahwa jarang didapatkan sumber dari masa prasejarah, klasik, hingga masa Islam sejarah masa klasik yang menyebut Lampung. sebagaimana umumnya terjadi di seluruh Indonesia. Sumber sejarah yang menyinggung keberadaan Babakan sejarah budaya masa klasik menunjuk pada Lampung adalah Nāgarakrětāgama dan Amanat suatu babakan saat masyarakat Indonesia mendapat Galunggung. Prapanca pada pupuh XIII dan pengaruh budaya India. Di Lampung, pada masa XIV menyebut daerah-daerah Melayu yang klasik hampir tidak ditemukan adanya kerajaan berada di bawah kekuasaan Majapahit. Daerah- yang identik dengan pusat peradaban. Beberapa daerah itu adalah Jambi, Palembang, Toba, sumber tertulis dan data artefaktual yang ada hanya Dharmasraya, Kandis, Kahwas, Minangkabau, sedikit sekali yang bisa mengungkap pusat budaya Siak, Rokan, Kampar, Pane, Kampe, Haru, klasik di Lampung. Mandailing, Tamihang, Parlak, Padang Lawas, Naskah diterima tanggal 12 Februari 2013 dan disetujui tanggal 9iSeptember 2013. 125 AMERTA, Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Arkeologi Vol. 31 No. 2, Desember 2013 : 81-150 Samudra, Lamuri, Batan, Lampung, dan Barus dagangan dikumpulkan kemudian dilakukan (Muljana, 1979: 146). Sumber sejarah lebih perdagangan antar pulau. Perjalanan dari muda yang menyebut Lampung adalah Amanat Tulangbawang ke Sunda menyeberangi lautan Galunggung (kropak, 632). Naskah ini terdiri dalam sehari, sedangkan ke Jawa memerlukan 6 lembar atau 13 halaman, ditulis dengan waktu dua hari (Cortesão, 1967: 158--9). menggunakan huruf dan bahasa Sunda Kuna. Sekampung merupakan daerah yang Isi naskah berupa ajaran hidup yang diwujudkan barang komoditasnya sangat melimpah. dalam bentuk nasehat-nasehat. Dalam hal ini Perdagangan antarpulau di Sekampung dilakukan adalah nasehat Rakeyan Darmasiksa (1175 – dengan Sunda dan Jawa. Barang dagangan 1297) kepada puteranya yang bernama Sang meliputi kapas, emas, madu, lilin, rotan, dan lada. Lumahing Taman, beserta cucu, cicit, dan Bahan makanan yang diperdagangkan berupa keturunannya. Pada pupuh II (4) disebutkan: beras, daging, ikan, minuman keras (wines), dan ...jaga dapetna pretapa dapetna buah-buahan. Penguasa (pate) dan masyarakat pegengeun sakti, beunangna (ku) Sekampung masih kafir. Dari Sekampung Sunda, Jawa, Lapung, ... (...waspadalah menyeberang ke Jawa dengan menggunakan kemungkinan direbutnya kemuliaan dan perahu (lancharas) dapat ditempuh dalam waktu pegangan kesaktian oleh Sunda, Jawa, tiga hari, sedangkan ke Sunda selama satu hari Lampung...). (Cortesão, 1967: 158). Selanjutnya pada pupuh III (3) disebutkan: Selain sumber tertulis, budaya masa ...jaga beunangna kabuyutan ku Jawa, ku klasik di Lampung juga ditunjukkan oleh Baluk, ku Cina, ku Lapung, ku sakalih... adanya beberapa tinggalan arkeologis. Prasasti (...cegahlah terkuasainya kabuyutan oleh Palas Pasemah yang ditemukan pada tahun Jawa, oleh Baluk, oleh Lampung, oleh 1958 di tepi Way Pisang, Kalianda, Lampung yang lainnya...) (Danasasmita, 1987). Selatan dan Prasasti Bungkuk yang ditemukan Kedua sumber sejarah tersebut pada tahun 1985 di Desa Bungkuk, Lampung menggambarkan bahwa pada masa Kerajaan Timur menunjukkan bahwa Lampung pada Majapahit (abad ke-13--15) dan Kerajaan masa klasik merupakan wilayah kekuasaan Sunda (abad ke-10--16) masyarakat Lampung Śriwijaya (Boechari, 2012; Hardiati, 2010; sudah berinteraksi dengan kerajaan-kerajaan Purwanti, 1995: 98). Prasasti Batu Bedil di yang sudah mendapat pengaruh budaya India. Kabupaten Tanggamus juga menunjukkan Gambaran masyarakat Lampung pada bahwa Lampung merupakan bagian dari abad ke-16 juga diceritakan oleh berita asing wilayah Śriwijaya (Soekmono, 1985: 49- dari Portugis. Perjalanan Tomé Pires dari Laut 50). Berdasarkan sumber sejarah dan data Merah ke Jepang pada tahun 1512 hingga 1515 arkeologis berupa prasasti, kawasan sepanjang memberikan gambaran tentang keadaan dua Way Sekampung merupakan kawasan yang lokasi di Lampung yaitu Tulangbawang dan cukup ramai pada masa klasik khususnya ketika Sekampung. Lokasi Tulangbawang berbatasan Śriwijaya menguasai Lampung. dengan Sekampung dan Andalas. Sebagian Prasasti dibuat untuk memperingati masyarakat Tulangbawang masih kafir atau sesuatu atau untuk memberikan suatu seruan, penyembah berhala. Daerah ini merupakan baik itu yang bersifat ajaran atau perintah. penghasil lada, emas, kapas, lilin, rotan, beras, Dengan demikian keberadaan prasasti erat ikan, dan buah-buahan. Jalan masuk satu- hubungannya dengan keberadaan suatu satunya hanya melalui sungai. Perdagangan kelompok masyarakat. Prasasti-prasasti yang dilakukan dengan Jawa dan Sunda. Barang terdapat di Lampung Selatan dan Tanggamus 126 Nanang Saptono, Permukiman Kuna di Kawasan Way Sekampung, Lampung pada Masa Śriwijaya. ditulis pada batu besar yang sangat mungkin berapi. Di bagian timur laut blok pegunungan ini tidak mengalami pemindahan tempat terlalu berupa pegunungan yang terbentuk oleh suatu jauh. lipatan geosinklin, yang kemudian melandai Selain prasasti, bukti arkeologis yang di bagian tenggara. Secara regional, Sumatera memperlihatkan adanya kehadiran budaya klasik Selatan dapat dibagi menjadi beberapa unit di kawasan Way Sekampung adalah arca-arca geomorfologi, yaitu blok Bengkulu, median khususnya arca Hindu dan Buddha. Beberapa graben, pegunungan median graben timur, arca yang ditemukan sekarang tersimpan di dan dataran rendah Sumatera Timur (Mangga Museum “Ruwa Jurai”. Berdasarkan bukti-bukti etial., 1994; Verstappen, 1973). yang ada, permasalahan yang akan dikaji adalah Provinsi Lampung memiliki luas bagaimana persebaran permukiman masyarakat 35.376,50 km² dan terletak di antara 105°45’- di kawasan Way Sekampung masa Śriwijaya. 103°48” BT dan 3°45’-6°45” LS. Daerah ini Untuk membahas permasalahan itu di sebelah barat berbatasan dengan Samudera dilakukan melalui pendekatan arkeologi Hindia, di sebelah selatan dengan Selat Sunda, keruangan. Arkeologi keruangan pada dasarnya di sebelah timur dengan Laut Jawa, serta mempelajari ruang tempat ditemukannya hasil- di sebelah utara dengan Provinsi Sumatera hasil kegiatan manusia masa lampau, sekaligus Selatan dan Provinsi Bengkulu. Keadaan alam mempelajari pula hubungan antar ruang dalam daerah Lampung sebelah barat dan selatan, satu situs, sistem situs, beserta lingkungannya di sepanjang pantai, merupakan daerah yang (Clarke, 1977). Untuk membahas permasalahan berbukit-bukit sebagai sambungan dari jalur ini langkah pertama adalah membangun pegunungan Bukit Barisan; di tengah-tengah beberapa asumsi berkaitan dengan permukiman merupakan dataran rendah; sedangkan ke dekat yaitu situs tempat ditemukannya prasasti, pantai di sebelah timur, di sepanjang tepi Laut khususnya masa Śriwijaya, merupakan lokasi Jawa terus ke utara, merupakan daerah rawa- permukiman dengan corak budaya sesuai rawa perairan yang luas. dengan tinggalan yang ada di situs itu. Asumsi Daerah Lampung dapat dibagi dalam 5 selanjutnya adalah lokasi temuan artefak yang (lima) unit topografi, yaitu (1) daerah topografis mempunyai ciri sebagai tinggalan dari masa berbukit sampai bergunung; (2) daerah klasik termasuk dalam kawasan permukiman. topografis berombak sampai bergelombang; Langkah selanjutnya adalah melakukan plotting (3) daerah dataran alluvial; (4) daerah rawa lokasi situs dan temuan artefak. Berdasarkan dataran pasang surut; dan (5) daerah river plotting lokasi kemudian dilakukan analisis basin.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Development of Bilingual Children's Fiction with the Theme Jambinese Local Wisdom, Local Language and Culture
    DEVELOPMENT OF BILINGUAL CHILDREN’S FICTION WITH THE THEME JAMBINESE LOCAL WISDOM, LOCAL LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Armiwati, Tubagus Zam Zam Al Arif Jambi University E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Children’s literature is as an creative imagination which is expressed in a series of events that are full of simple messages. Children's literature aims to introduce life descriptions that are meaningful to children related to their age. Through this creative imagination , children will get to know and explore their environment both in the natural and social environment in an entertaining and fun way without coercion or stating of being adjusted. Norton (2010:3) states developing positive attitudes toward our own culture and the culture of other is necessary for both social and personal development. Through a collection of children's stories with the theme of Jambinese local wisdom, language and culture in the frame of the diversity, in hopes, to introduce and build children’s attitudes to always appreciate what is in their environment. The collection of children's stories is a medium of communication with children to stimulate children’s imagination and develops a positive attitude towards their social environments; parents, teachers, brothers, sisters and their friends as instilling ethical values as the character of the Indonesian nation. Thus children's literature will provide an aesthetic experience of Jambinese local wisdom, language and culture and will stimulate intellectual and emotional responses for children through imagination in accordance with their age. Keywords: Children ’Literature, Local Language, Parents. Children’s literature is a result of imagination creativity which is outlined in a series of events that are full of simple messages.
    [Show full text]
  • Alternative Analysis of Flood Control Downstream of Way Sekampung River
    2nd International Conference on Engineering and Technology Development ISSN 2301-6590 (ICETD 2013) Universitas Bandar Lampung Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Computer Science ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS OF FLOOD CONTROL DOWNSTREAM OF WAY SEKAMPUNG RIVER Sugito, Maulana Febramsyah Master of Civil Engineering, Graduate School, University of Bandar Lampung, Jl. Zaenal Abidin Pagar Alam 26 Bandar Lampung, 35142, Indonesia Abstract-Downstream part of the watershed is an area of lowland Sekampung with +3.00 to +4.00 elevation above sea level. Area located between the border regions of South Lampung regency and East Lampung. Originally this area was flooded reservoir area, the Swamp Sragi and surrounding areas, but along with the development of this area is used as a residential area, pertaniandan pond area for the people around the area. Padatahun 2002 River Way Sekampung experience overflow caused flooding in downstream areas which suffered losses of up to 38 billion rupiah. In this study analyzed the incidence of flooding that may occur based on rainfall data available. Based on the results of the input stream and cross sectional design flood discharge is seen that when the flood began when the river reaches flood discharge Q50-year anniversary. In this study flood control analysis performed on the three methods are: the construction of levees, making retention ponds and dredge rivers. The third input method results in HEC RAS 3.1.3 shows that building levees to reduce flooding by 32%, on a flood retention pond can be reduced up to 45% and normalization of the river is only able to reduce flooding by 20%.
    [Show full text]
  • 147617504.Pdf
    Table of Contents Page Flood, Drought, Rainfall and Environment 1. Water Trap Series as an Integrated Approach in Flood and Drought Control (Case Study 1 Mbay City, Aesesa District, Nagekeo Regency, NTT Province, Indonesia) (Susilowati) 2. Hydraulic Modeling of Jatiluhur Morning Glory Spillway 9 (Indratmo Soekarno, Agung Wiyono and Febya Nurnadiati) 3. The Impact of Mount Bawakaraeng’s Caldera Colapse on Bili-Bili Reservoir 17 (Suwarno HP, Haeruddin C. Maddi and Willem M) 4. Five Required Steps for Upper Citarum Flood Mitigation 27 (Isdiyana, Yanto Wibawa, Winskayati and Suhedi) 5. A Theoretical Study of Flow Characteristic Due to Wave Run Up - Run Down 35 (Oki Setyandito, Nur Yuwono, Nizam and Radianta Triatmadja) 6. Outline of Musashi Canal Rehabilitation Project 43 (Yuki Hachijo and Kazuhiko Nakajima) 7. Seismic Analysis of Barrages Against Large-Scale Earthquakes 50 (Jun Utsunomiya, Tomoo Kato and Yuriko Tsuchida) 8. The Effectiveness of Source Control Measures to Solve Flood Problems 59 (Case Study Upper - Citarum Watershed) (Dwita Sutjiningsih, Evi Anggraheni, Wisang Adhitya and Tito Latif Indra) 9. Modelling Spatial Flood Risk Due to Rainfall Variabilities 67 in Upstream Citarum River Basin (Anik Sarminingsih, Iwan K. Hadihardaja, Indratmo Soekarno and M. Syahril B.K.) 10. Problem and Solution of Water Resources Conservation in Java Indonesia 75 (Achmadi Partowijoto) 11. Raingauge Network Evaluation Using Geostatistic in Tembagapura Papua 83 (Imroatul Chalimah Juliana, Harry Suryantoro and Budhi Setiawan) 12. Distribution Scenario of Rainfall to Control Excessive Discharge in Ciliwung River 90 (Sulad Sriharto, Suseno Darsono and Putu Eddy) 13. Development of Semi Distributed Rainfall-Runoff Model for Optimizing Flood Control at 98 Wonogiri Reservoir (R.
    [Show full text]
  • HIMPUNAN AHLI TEKNIK HIDRAULIK INDONESIA Indonesian Association of Hydraulic Engineers
    HIMPUNAN AHLI TEKNIK HIDRAULIK INDONESIA Indonesian Association of Hydraulic Engineers Pengurus Pusat Nomor : 38/Set-INTL/IV/2013 Jakarta, April 1st ‘ 2013 Dear Sir / Madam, We have received of your abstract / extended abstract and have been preliminary reviewed by the review team. Based on preliminary review, herewith the only list of papers which are accepted and next step you could prepare the full paper. REVIEWED EXTENDED ABSTRAK No. NOT T I T L E ACCEPTED NAME EA ACCEPTED Analysis of Soil Erosion and Rosmina Zuhri, 1 Conservation Action Under The Oil √ Budi Indra Setiawan Palm Plantation in Slooping Area Changes of Water Management Momon Imanudin, Objectives on Tidal Lowland 2 √ RH Susanto, Agriculture in Anticipatioan of The Bistok Simanjuntak Global Climate Change Institutional and Legal Aspects, and 3 Community Participation In Water √ Achmadi Partowijoto Disasater Solution Sediment Budget, Shoreline Chances, and Groin Performance Soni Senjaya Efendi; 4 √ After Nusa Dua Beach Nourishment Dede Sulaiman Project, Bali, Indonesia Flood Prediction to Prevent Flooding M. Lukman, 5 (Case Study : Pasangkayu River) √ A. Setiawan, Abd.Wahab, Hamzah M Sediment Transport Analysis to A. Setiawan, Haryono, A. 6 √ Prevent Sedimentation Irham, M. Lukman Lessons From The Application of D.M. Sulaiman, Low Creted Brakwaters as an 7 √ M.E. Sudjana, Suprapto, Alternative Structure for Coastal R.M. Azhar Protection Model Mock Wyn-Ub to Asses Water I Wayan Sutapa, 8 Availability Due to Effect of Climate √ Moh. Bisri, Rispiningtati, Change Lily Montarchi Operation Analysis Of Sutami Rispiningtati; Lily 9 Reservoir Due To Climate Change In √ Montarchi; Pitoyo Tri Malang Regency Of East Java Juwono Sedimentation Effects In Reservoir Pranoto SA; Bertha Silvia 10 Toward The Declining Function Of √ Pratiwi Flood Control Jakarta : Gedung Direktorat Jenderal Sumber Daya Air, Lantai 8 Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum Jl.
    [Show full text]
  • Directors: Ir. Widagdo, Dipl.HE Hisaya SAWANO Authors
    Directors: Ir. Widagdo, Dipl.HE Hisaya SAWANO Authors: Ir. Sarwono Sukardi, Dipl.HE Ir. Bambang Warsito, Dipl.HE Ir. Hananto Kisworo, Dipl.HE Sukiyoto, ME Publisher: Directorate General of Water Resources Yayasan Air Adhi Eka i Japan International Cooperation Agency ii River Management in Indonesia English Edition English edition of this book is a translation from the book : “Pengelolaan Sungai di Indonesia” January 2013 ISBN 978-979-25-64-62-4 Director General of Water Resources Foreword Water, as a renewable resource, is a gift from God for all mankind. Water is a necessity of life for creatures in this world. No water, no life. The existence of water, other than according to the hydrological cycle, at a particular place, at a particular time, and in particular quality as well as quantity is greatly influenced by a variety of natural phenomena and also by human behavior. Properly managed water and its resources will provide sustainable benefits for life. However, on the other hand, water can also lead to disasters, when it is not managed wisely. Therefore, it is highly necessary to conduct comprehensive and integrated water resources management efforts, or widely known as “Integrated Water Resources Management”. In the same way, river management efforts as part of the river basin integrated water resources management, include efforts on river utilization, development, protection, conservation and control, in an integrated river basin with cross-jurisdiction, cross-regional and cross- sectoral approach. This book outlines how water resources development and management in several river basins are carried out from time to time according to the existing situations and conditions, Besides, it covers various challenges and obstacles faced by the policy makers and the implementers in the field, The existing sets of laws and regulations and the various uses and benefits are also discused.
    [Show full text]
  • Shortage) in Lampung. the Lampung Population Was Merely 104,200
    shortage) in Lampung. The Lampung population was merely 104,200 people in 1845, a number which, although it nearly doubled 60 years later, still gave an average density of less than 5 persons per square km (Sevin 1989: 47). In contrast, over the same period, Java's population trebled from 9.3 million to 30.1 million, resulting in an average density exceeding 200 persons per square km. Compared to Java, Lampung at the beginning of the 20th century was indeed an 'empty land'. Besides its low density, Lampung' s population at the turn of the 20th century was also unequally distributed (Sevin 1989: 47-48). The mountain range of Bukit Barisan, apart from Balik Bukit and Belalau in the northwest, and swampy plains and estuaries of large rivers such as Tulang Bawang and Seputih in the northeast, were largely devoid of human settlements. Villages and small towns were scattered along the south and west coasts and on the banks of navigable inland rivers. In the mid-1800s, 21,270 people inhabited the Krui coast in the west; 12,000 people lived in Semangka Bay in the southwest; and 16,690 people occupied Lampung Bay in the southeast. By the turn of the 20th century, ports on these coasts were developed into small towns and commercial centres: Krui on the west coast, Kota Agung on Semangka Bay, and Teluk Betung on Lampung Bay. Teluk Betung, with 4,500 inhabitants, was the 1 largest town • Farther inland, the banks of the Way Sekampung river and Labuan Maringgai further downstream were home to some 10,600 people; Way Seputih river and its tributaries (Way Pegadungan, Way Sukadana, Way 1 The population of Teluk Betung and the surrounding Lampung Bay and Semangka Bay was severely affected by the powerful Krakatau eruption in 1883.
    [Show full text]
  • Lampung in the Twentieth Century: the Making of ‘Little Java’
    2. Lampung in the Twentieth Century: The Making of ‘Little Java’ Like many areas in Indonesia’s outer islands, up until the mid-1900s Lampung was a sparsely populated, virtually ‘empty’ land. Lampung was known as the world’s leading pepper producer. By the end of the twentieth century, Lampung produced surpluses of rice and other agricultural commodities along with pepper. The province was classified as extremely poor and, like Java, had an overpopulation problem. This chapter examines the driving forces behind these changes. Colonial and post-colonial government development initiatives such as land alienation and consequent forestry and other plantation establishment, decentralisation of administration, regional development, transmigration, and spontaneous migration are all identified as key forces that have transformed Lampung during this time. Colonising ‘The Empty Land’ In the past, Lampung was known as the world’s ‘pepper basket’. When neighbouring Banten developed into a flourishing international trading port in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, its main export commodity was pepper, which came largely from Lampung. From Lampung’s coasts and navigable rivers, boats loaded with sacks of pepper regularly sailed across the Sunda Strait to Banten. Maintaining steady supplies of pepper from Lampung to Banten and later to Batavia was one of the top agendas of the Dutch trading company (VOC) and the subsequent colonial administration (Kingston 1987; Sevin 1989). The annual pepper production in Lampung steadily increased from 400 to 600 tonnes in the early 1800s, and to 2,000 tonnes in the 1880s. It increased even further to 4,000 tonnes in 1890, 10,000 tonnes at the turn of the twentieth century, and to 45,000 tonnes in the 1930s, making Lampung the source of 60 per cent of the world’s pepper production (Bulbeck et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Japanese ODA to Indonesia
    Japanese ODA to Indonesia Items of the Project Details Project Name Krueng Aceh Urgent Flood Control Project Project Type TC & ODA Loans Project Site The Krueng Aceh Basin, Aceh Province Project Period Preliminary Study: 1972-1973, Feasibility Study: 1979, Detail Design: February 1981 – November 1982, Construction: August 1983 – January 1993 Name of JICA Experts / Consultants Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd. & Associates Project Highlight: Frequent floods occurred prior to the project appraisal (before 1983), but no considerable flooding has occurred since the project completion date Background Krueng Aceh is a major river in the northern part of Sumatra Island with a length of 145 km and river basin area of 1,775 km2, that flows from Suekek Mount through Banda Aceh City toward the Malacca Straits. This river had flooded almost every year, causing significant damage in the Aceh Besar Regency Region (with population of 1.65 million in 1980), including Banda Aceh Municipal. Typically, the flooding covered an area of 25,000 ha, comprising 2,700 ha of residential area, 7,500 ha of paddy field and 4,100 ha of coconut plantations and shepherding meadows. This situation was caused by a limited river capacity of 250 m3/s, compared to the 5-year flood discharge of 1,300 m3/s. Floods in 1953, 1971, 1978, 1983 and 1986 resulted in severe damage to local communities, and sometimes in loss of life Overall Goal The project outputs are consistent with national policy on water resources development i.e., "Conservation of River Channel and Improvement of
    [Show full text]
  • Dengar Kesaksian Solo 8
    1 1 1 DENGAR KESAKSIAN I SOLO 2 Gilang Pengamen Yang Dihilangkan GILANG PENGAMEN [ Kesaksian Budiarti ] V 01YANG DIHILANGKAN udiarti, biasa dipanggil Alfatah lahir 26 Juli 1958. Saat ini ting- Bgal di Bibis Kulon Surakarta. Ia bekerja sebagai penjahit. Anaknya 5 orang, anak pertama Gilang yang ditemukan meninggal dunia setelah diculik dalam masa kerusuhan Mei ‘98 di Solo. Hingga sekarang Alfatah masih mengalami trauma. Alfatah memberi kesaksian tentang kasus yang dialami Gilang dalam acara Dengar Kesaksian di Solo, Jawa Tengah: Anak saya yang hilang namanya Gilang, nama aslinya Nugroho Iskandar, lahir 21 Februari 1977. Gilang itu drop out dari sekolah SMA karena terbentur biaya, sering keluar mengamen mencari nafkah, karena ia pengen jadi anak pinter maka sering bergaul dengan mahasiswa. Nggak tahunya di dalam gerakan itu, Gilang diculik tanggal 21 Mei 1998. Aktifitas Gilang, kalau jenuh ngamen 3 kadang ya buruh bangunan, atau pekerjaan mau dikasih pekerjaan sesuai keahlian lain, asal dapat uang. Dulu Gilang ikut Gilang. Temannya bilang pada lainnya organisasi PRD (Partai Rakyat Demokrat), mudah-mudahan bukan Gilang ya bu, terus DRMS (Dewan Reformasi Mahasiswa karena ada kabar tapi jangan sedih dulu. Surakarta ) mahasiswa itu, solidaritas gerakan mahasiswa, sebagai ketua SPI Ada informasi diketemukan di hutan sana (Serikat Pengamen Indonesia) Surakarta. ada sosok seperti Gilang, saya kaget, Kalau di rumah sering bantu ibu, karena Kemudian pada paginya ada wartawan saya menjahit, Gilang itu memang punya yang datang dari Surabaya dan berbagai semangat tinggi kepada keluarga, seh- pelosok sampai penuh, ada yang dari Bali ingga salalu mendorong adiknya supaya dan luar Jawa. bersekolah dan bisa berprestasi, jangan seperti dia.
    [Show full text]
  • Significant Coastal Habitats, Wildlife and Water Resources in Lampung
    SIGNIFICANT COASTAL HABITATS, WILDLIFE AND WATER RESOURCES IN LAMPUNG Max Zieren Budy Wiryawan Handoko Adi Susanto TE-99/07-E CRMP Secretariat Phone : (62-21) 7229596 Ratu Plaza Building 18 th Floor (12 line) Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav.9 Fax: (62-21) 7207844 Jakarta Selatan E-mail: [email protected] www.indomarine.or.id/pesisir/ Significant Coastal Habitats, Wildlife and Water Resources in Lampung by Max Zieren Budy Wiryawan Handoko Adi Susanto Funding for the preparation and printing of this document was provided by USAID as part of the USAID/BAPPENAS Natural Resources Management (NRM) Program and the USAID-CRC/URI Coastal Resources Management (CRM) Program. Further details of Proyek Pesisir publication can be found at found at www.indomarine.or.id Further details of NRM publication can be found at found at www.nrm.or.id Further details of CRM publication can be found at found at www.crc.uri.edu. Printed in : Jakarta, Indonesia Citation: Zieren, M., B. Wiryawan, H.A. Susanto, 1999. Significant Coastal Habitats, Wildlife and Water Resources in Lampung. Technical Report (TE-99/07-E). Coastal Resources Management Project Lampung. Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island, USA. 36 pp. Credits: Photographs: Maps: Handoko A.S. Line Art: Layout : Proyek Pesisir Production House Translation: Style Editor: Kun S. Hidayat ISBN: i Table of Contents I. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 II. Mangroves Fauna .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • YUSNY SABY SANG MOTIVATOR Menelusuri Karakter Pemimpin Jujur Dan Ikhlas Dalam Membangun Umat Yusny Saby Bersama Isteri Tercinta Nawiah Ishaq
    YUSNY SABY SANG MOTIVATOR Menelusuri Karakter Pemimpin Jujur dan Ikhlas dalam Membangun Umat Yusny Saby bersama isteri tercinta Nawiah Ishaq Yusny Saby bersama ibunda Nafsiah Abdullah (89 th), adik bungsu dari ibu kandung Yusny Saby, pensiunan guru MIN. YUSNY SABY SANG MOTIVATOR Menelusuri Karakter Pemimpin Jujur dan Ikhlas dalam Membangun Umat Tim Penulis Agusni Yahya Kamaruzzaman Bustamam-Ahmad Ahmad Farhan Hamid Karim D. Crow Ainun Na‘im Lukman Ibrahim Alice Frazer Evans Mahdy Saby Alwi Shihab Maimun Ibrahim Annabel Teh Gallop Mamduh M. Hanafi Arif Ramdan Mehmet Tarhan Asna Husin Muhibuddin Hanafiah Azhari Idris Nadir Abdulkadir Baiquni Nasir Budiman, M. Darni M. Daud Reza Idria Dicki Wirianto Robert A. Evans Eka Srimulyani Salleh Yaapar, Md. Fakhri Umar Sri Suyanta Fairus M. Nur Ibrahim Sukiswo Dirdjosuparto Hamdiah A. Latif Sulaiman AB Hasanuddin Yusuf Adan Suraiya IT Iskandar Budiman Tarmizi Rajab Iskandar Usman Zulkhairi, T. Islahuddin A. Rahman Zulkifli Jakfar Puteh, M. Editor M. Hasbi Amiruddin Kamaruzzaman Bustamam-Ahmad Baiquni Lembaga Studi Agama dan Masyarakat Aceh (LSAMA) Banda Aceh 2015 Yusny Saby saat visitasi sebagai asessor di sebuah perguruan tinggi KATA PENGANTAR PENERBIT Setiap ilmuwan memiliki masa untuk dikenang oleh generasi berikutnya. Begitulah dengan sosok Prof. Yusny Saby, yang merupakan salah satu Guru Besar di UIN Ar-Raniry Darussalam, Banda Aceh. Buku ini merupakan salah satu karya untuk memperingati usia 70 tahun Prof. Yusny Saby. Di harapkan karya ini akan memberikan kesaksian tentang sosok dan kiprah Prof. Yusny Saby selama hampir 4 dekade lebih mengabdikan jiwa dan raganya bagi ummat. LSAMA mengambil inisiatif untuk menerbitkan buku ini, supaya publik dapat mengingat bahwa sosok Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Pursuing Livelihoods, Imagining Development Smallholders in Highland Lampung, Indonesia
    Pursuing Livelihoods, Imagining Development Smallholders in Highland Lampung, Indonesia Asia-Pacifc Environment Monograph 9 Pursuing Livelihoods, Imagining Development Smallholders in Highland Lampung, Indonesia Ahmad Kusworo Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://press.anu.edu.au/ National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Kusworo, Ahmad, author. Title: Pursuing livelihoods, imagining development : smallholders in Highland Lampung, Indonesia / Ahmad Kusworo. ISBN: 9781925021479 (paperback) 9781925021486 (ebook) Subjects: Farms, Small--Indonesia--Lampung. Village communities--Economic aspects--Indonesia--Lampung. Agriculture and state--Indonesia--Lampung. Agriculture--Economic aspects--Indonesia--Lampung. Land use, Rural--Indonesia--Lampung. Lampung (Indonesia)--Social conditions. Lampung (Indonesia)--Social life and customs. Dewey Number: 338.1609598 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press Cover image: A cofee harvester in Gunung Terang village, photo courtesy of the author Printed by Grifn Press This edition © 2014 ANU Press Contents Foreword ....................................... ix Acknowledgements ................................. xi Glossary .......................................
    [Show full text]