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1 Important Events of Indian Freedom Struggle in India भारत में भारतीय

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1 Important Events of Indian Freedom Struggle in India भारत में भारतीय Important Events of Indian Freedom Struggle in India भारत में भारतीय स्वतंत्रता संग्राम केमहत्वपूर्ण तथ्य Formation of Indian National Congress (1885): भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस का गठन(1885): – Retired British ICS officer Allan Octavian Hume, founded the Indian National Congress (A political party of India (British India to Free India)) to form a platform for civic and political dialogue of educated Indians. – ररटायर्ण ब्रिरटश आईसीएस अब्रिकारी एलन ऑक्टेब्रवयन ह्यूम ने ब्रशब्रित भारतीयों की नागररक और राजनीब्रतकवाताण के ब्रलए एक मंच बनाने के ब्रलए भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस (भारत की एक राजनीब्रतक पाटी (ब्रिरटश भारत को मुक्तकरनेके ब्रलए) की स्थापना की. – On 28 December 1885, the Indian National Congress was founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay, with 72 delegates in attendance. Hume assumed office as the General Secretary, and Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee of Calcutta was elected President. – 28 दिसंबर 1885 को भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस की स्थापना बॉ륍बे के गोकुलिास तेजपाल संस्कृत कॉलेज में ईथी, ब्रजसमें 72 प्रब्रतब्रनब्रि उपब्रस्थत थे. ह्यूम ने महासब्रचव के 셂प में पिसंभाला, और कलकत्ता के वोमेश चुंिर बोनजी को अध्यि चुने गए. – Indian National Congress was created on the Safety Valve Theory, given by British Viceroy Dufferin. – ब्रिरटश वाइसरॉय र्फरीन द्वारा िी गई सेफ्टी वा쥍व थ्योरी पर ही इंब्रर्यन नेशनल कांग्रेस बनाई गई थी. Partition of Bengal (1905): बंगाल का ब्रवभाजन (1905): – The Partition of Bengal in 1905, was made on October 16, by then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon. – बंगाल का ब्रवभाजन 16 अक्टूबर 1905 में भारत के वाइसराय, लॉर्ण कर्जणन द्वारा दकया गया था. – Partition was promoted for administrative regions; Bengal was as large as France but with a significantly larger population. – प्रशासब्रनक िेत्रों के ब्रलए ब्रवभाजन को बढावा दिया गयाथा; बंगाल ब्रजतना फ्ांस के 셂प में बडा था लेदकन इसकी आबािी काफी अब्रिक थी. – As per Curzon, after the partition the two provinces would be Bengal (including modern West Bengal, Odisha and Bihar) and Eastern Bengal and Assam. – कर्जणन के अनुसार, ब्रवभाजन के बाि िो प्रांत बंगाल (आिुब्रनक पब्रिम बंगाल, उडीसा और ब्रबहार समेत) और पूवी बंगाल और असम होंगे. 1 www.bankersadda.com | www.sscadda.com | www.careerpower.in | www.adda247.com Formation of Muslim League (1906): मुब्रस्लम लीग का गठन (1906): – On December 30, 1906, Muslim league was formed under the leadership of Aga Khan, the Nawab of Dhaka and Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk to the notion to safeguard the rights of Indian Muslims. – ढाका के नवाब आगा खान और नवाब मोहब्रसन-उल-मु쥍क के नेतृत्व में भारतीय मुसलमानों अब्रिकारों की रिा के ब्रलए के ब्रलए 30 दिसंबर, 1906 को मुब्रस्लम लीग का दकया गठन दकया गया था. – The Amritsar session of the League, held in 1908, under the presidentship of Sir Syed Ali Imam, demanding a separate electorate for the Muslims, this was conceded to them by his Morley-Minto Reform 1909. – मुब्रस्लमों के ब्रलए अलग ब्रनवाणचन-िेत्र की मांग करते ए 1908 में सर सैयि अली इमाम की अध्यिता में आयोब्रजत लीग का अमृतसर सत्र में उन्हें उनके मॉरले -ममंटो सुिार 1909 द्वारा स्वीकार दकया गया था. Surat Split (1907): सूरत ब्रवभाजन (1907): – The Indian National Congress(INC) was divided into two groups (in the year 1907) mainly by extremists and moderates at the Surat Session of the Congress. – भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस (आईएनसी) को कांग्रेस के सूरत सत्र में मुख्य 셂प से चरमपंब्रथयों और मध्यस्थों द्वारािोसमूहों (1907 में) में ब्रवभाब्रजत दकया गया था. – In 1907 the INC meeting was to be held in Pune and the extremists wanted Lala Lajpat Rai or Bal Gangadhar Tilak as president. But moderates wanted Rash Behari Ghosh to be president. – 1907 में कांग्रेस में आईएनसी बैठक आयोब्रजत की गई थी और चरमपंथी लाला लाजपत राय या बाल गंगािर ब्रतलक को अध्यि के 셂प में चाहते थे लेदकन मध्यम रास ब्रबहारी घोष को अध्यि बनाना चाहते थे. – Gopal Krishna Gokhale changed the meeting place from Pune to Surat fearing that if Pune was to be held as meeting place then Bal Gangadhar Tilak would become President. – गोपाल कृष्र् गोखले ने भयभीत होकर बैठक स्थान बिलकर पुर्े से सूरत कर दिया क्योदक उन्हें र्र था दक अगर पुर्े को बैठक के 셂प में आयोब्रजत दकया जायेगा तो बाल गंगािर ब्रतलक अध्यि बन जाएंगे. – The partition of Bengal became the rise of extremism in INC. – बंगाल का ब्रवभाजन कांग्रेस में चरमपंथ का उिय बन गया. Morley-Minto Reforms (1909): मोले-ममंटो सुिार (1909): – The Indian Councils Act 1909 or Morley-Minto Reforms or Minto-Morley Reforms was passed by British Parliament in 1909 in an attempt to widen the scope of legislative councils, placate the demands of moderates in Indian National Congress and to increase the participation of Indians the governance. – भारतीय पररषि अब्रिब्रनयम 1909 या मोले-ममंटो सुिार या ममंटो-मोले सुिार 1909 में ब्रविायी पररषिों के िायरे को बढाने के प्रयास में ब्रिरटश संसि द्वारा पाररत दकए गएथे, भारतीय सरकार की भागीिारी में वृब्रि और राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस में मध्यस्थों की मांगों को बढाया. 2 www.bankersadda.com | www.sscadda.com | www.careerpower.in | www.adda247.com – The act enlarged the size of the legislative council both Central and Provincial. – इस अब्रिब्रनयम ने केंद्रीय और प्रांतीय िोनों ब्रविायी पररषि के आकार कोबढाया. – It introduced separate and discriminatory electorate. The electorate was decided on the basis of class & community. – यह अलग और ब्रनवाणचन के मतिाता䴂 को प्रस्ताब्रवतकरता है मतिाता वगण और समुिाय के आिार पर ब्रनिाणररत दकये जाते है. Delhi Durbar (1911): दि쥍ली िरबार (1911): – In 1911 King George V paid a visit to India. Darbar was held to commemorate the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary as Emperor and Empress of India. – 1911 में जॉजण वी ने भारत की यात्रा की. िरबार भारत के सम्राट और भारत के महारानी के 셂प में जॉजण वी और क्वीन मैरी के रा煍याब्रभषेक के ब्रलए आयोब्रजत दकया गया था. – The King declared that Capital of India will be transferred from Calcutta to Delhi. – राजा ने घोषर्ा की दक भारत की राजिानी कलकत्ता से दि쥍ली में स्थानांतररत की जाएगी. – In the same Darbar it was also declared the Partition of Bengal is cancelled. – उसी िरबार में यह भी घोब्रषत दकया गया दक बंगाल का ब्रवभाजन को रद्द कर दिया गया है. Formation of The Ghadar Party at San Francisco (1914): सैन फ्ांब्रसस्को में गिर पाटी का गठन (1914): – The Ghadar Party was an organization founded by Punjabis, principally Sikhs in the United States and Canada with the aim of securing India's independence from British rule. – गिर पाटी मुख्य 셂प से संयुक्त रा煍य अमेररका और कनार्ा में ब्रिरटश शासन से भारत की आजािी को सुरब्रित रखनेके उद्देश्य से ब्रसख पंजाब्रबयों द्वारा स्थाब्रपत एक संगठनथा. – The founding president of Ghadar Party was Sohan Singh Bhakna and Lala Hardayal was the co- founder of this party. – गिर पाटी के संस्थापक अध्यि सोहन मसंह भकना और लाला हरिायल इस पाटी के सह-संस्थापक थे. Indian Home Rule League (1916): भारतीय होम 셂ल लीग (1916): – The Indian Home Rule movement was a movement in British India on the lines of Irish Home Rule movement and other home rule movements. – अन्य होम 셂ल आंिोलनों और आयररश होम 셂ल आंिोलन की तजण पर भारतीय होम 셂ल आंिोलन ब्रिरटश भारत में एक आंिोलन था. 3 www.bankersadda.com | www.sscadda.com | www.careerpower.in | www.adda247.com – The movement lasted around two years between 1916–1918 and is believed to have set the stage for the independence movement under the leadership of Annie Besant all over India whereas B. G. Tilak participation was limited to western India only. – यह आंिोलन 1916-1918 के बीच लगभग िो वषों तक चलता रहा और माना जाता है दक पूरे भारत में एनी बेसेंट के नेतृत्व में स्वतंत्रता आंिोलन के ब्रलए मंच स्थाब्रपत दकया गया है जबदक बी. जी. ब्रतलक भागीिारी केवल पब्रिमी भारततकही सीब्रमत थी. – Indian Home Rule League of Tilak was launched in April 1916, while the Home Rule League of Annie Besant came into existence in September that year. – भारतीय होम 셂ल लीग ऑफ ब्रतलक अप्रैल 1916 में लॉन्च दकया गया था, जबदक उस वषण ब्रसतंबर में एनी बेसेंट काहोम 셂ल लीग अब्रस्तत्व में आया था.
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