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119 Original Article the GOLDEN SHRINES of TUTANKHAMUN id9070281 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies "EJARS" An International peer-reviewed journal published bi-annually Volume 2, Issue 2, December - 2012: pp: 119-130 www. ejars.sohag-univ.edu.eg Original article THE GOLDEN SHRINES OF TUTANKHAMUN AND THEIR INTENDED BURIAL PLACE Soliman, R. Lecturer, Tourism guidance dept., Faculty of Archaeology & Tourism guidance, Misr Univ. for Sciences & Technology, 6th October city, Egypt E-mail: [email protected] Received 3/5/2012 Accepted 12/10/2012 Abstract The most famous tomb at the Valley of the Kings, KV 62 housed so far the most intact discovery of royal funerary treasures belonging to the eighteenth dynasty boy-king Tutankhamun. The tomb has a simple architectural plan clearly prepared for a non- royal burial. However, the hastily death of Tutankhamun at a young age caused his interment in such unusually small tomb. The treasures discovered were immense in number, art finesse and especially in the amount of gold used. Of these treasures the largest shrine of four shrines laid in the burial chamber needed to be dismantled and reassembled in the tomb because of its immense size. Clearly the black marks on this shrine helped in the assembly and especially the orientation in relation to the burial chamber. These marks are totally incorrect and prove that Tutankhamun was definitely intended to be buried in another tomb. Keywords: KV62, WV23, Golden shrines, Tutankhamun, Burial chamber, Orientation. 1. Introduction Tutankhamun was only nine and the real cause of his death remains years old when he got to throne; at that enigmatic. X-rays taken in the past age, he did not really rule Egypt. All suggested that he might have received a pharaohs had advisers known as deadly knock to the back of the head. viziers. Tutankhamun’s vizier, Ay, was This information led to assumption known to be the decision maker and about his murder at the hands of one of one of those to run the country. his two successors. In 2005, the Tutankhamun ascended the throne by National Geographic Society arranged virtue of his association with for cat scans to be done on his mummy. Ankhesenpaten (afterwards known as They revealed that the dark area at the Ankhesenamun), the eldest surviving back of the skull fissure was actually a daughter of Akhenaten. The boy king result of the mummification process might have started to rule only when he during the 18th dynasty. The tests did started to grow up. Even so, he did not show an unhealed injury to his left have much time to make a name for thighbone. This wound could have him in ancient Egyptian history as a occurred just preceding his death and great pharoah. Tutankhamun died may have resulted from merely an approximately at the age of nineteen, accident. Since no signs of recovery are apparent, a related infection may have to the mummy of the young king, led to his death [1] As his priests were carrying out the "Opening of the mummifying his body, the workers Mouth" ceremony which would were in search to find a tomb for the naturally be done by the king’s son or king’s interment. Usually the tombs are better known as successor. However, very large, with several chambers and this time Ay is neither a son to they take years to build, but King Tutankhamun nor a younger successor. Tutankhamun’s tomb was not ready [4] All the same he ascended the when he died causing him to be throne, a fact that may point to his interred in a tomb that was not planned popularity and success as a military for him. It is only his treasures that leader. [5] The existence of Ay is first gave him the fame he has attained discovered in his tomb at the west end today as the world’s most eminent of the Amarna necropolis. That it was ancient Egyptian king [2]. Beginning in the best of all those tombs, one of the 1915, Carter set out to thoroughly largest, and the most beautifully search for the tomb of Tutankhamun decorated TA 25, indicating that its with only a few clues. The so-called owner was a high rank official. The embalmer’s cache of Tutankhamun, tomb has non-historical inscriptions, located close by the tomb of Seti I telling us practically nothing about Ay. helped him limit his search area. The Besides, the tomb was never discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun completed, but it surely was rock cut was a unique incident in Egyptian and decorated before the ninth year of archaeology and one that passed Akhenaten because it contains the early everlastingly into history. forms of the names and epithets of Tutankhamun’s tomb eventually Aten [6]. Therefore, if Ay was not of yielded over 5,000 artifacts, ranging royal lineage, thus, the question is from small, intricate jewellery pieces to “How did Ay claim the throne of massive shrines, and from simple Egypt?” A finger- ring found by gilded stools to the king’s innermost Newberry, in the Delta but unfortunately solid golden coffin. Before the tomb’s its exact provenance remains unknown. It discovery, Tutankhamun was known as has an inscription of the prenomen of a short-lived king, but it was these King Ay and the name of Ankhesenamun priceless artifacts that revealed more side by side, both names being written in about him [3]. It comes as a surprise to cartouches. Ankhesenamun was many people to learn that not Tutankhamun’s widow and the “heiress” everything inscribed with the name of of the family of Akhenaten. Tutankhamun comes from his tomb. Nevertheless, the fact that no titles were Though since a good number of the inscribed on the ring can only be monuments for which Tutankhamun interpreted as evidence of the alliance with King Ay; who legitimized his was responsible were subsequently throne by marriage with princess usurped by his successors. The boy- Ankhesenamun, the widow and king was succeeded by Ay, known immediate predecessor to the throne [7]. from a painted scene that represents Ay The aim of this research paper is to overseeing his predecessor’s funeral. attempt and allocate the orientation Ay is undoubtedly the one who can be marks on the outermost golden shrine of attributed for the funerary furniture put Tutankhamun and its actual intended for the use of the young Tutankhamun location of burial in accordance to the in tomb KV62. And it is he who - correct orientation of the marks. exceptionally of all royal tombs - was Therefore, finding the original burial site represented in this tomb as a sem-priest of this boy-king. 120 2. Tomb KV62 2.1. The architectural plan of KV62. Architecturally it was a small and A sealed door separated it from the insignificant tomb, hastily dug out of the antechamber, which Carter had totally foot of the cliff, but every room was removed during the clearing of the tomb packed to the ceiling with treasures. The to enable to extract the shrines and plan of the private tombs of this era in canopic shrine. The chambers were comparison to the basic plan of KV62 rotated 90 degrees to resemble a typical demonstrates a complexity that is royal ground plan of the 18th dynasty unparalleled. It shows a basic similarity that confirmed the architectural purpose to the Amarna period rock cut tombs at of the ancient architects who adopted a the Valley of the Kings such as, the pre-existing private tomb. The burial tomb of Yuya and Tuya (KV46) and the chamber is oriented east west and is mysterious tomb KV55. [4] The plan of wider than the antechamber measuring KV62 had been clearly adapted 6.37 m long, 4.02 m wide and 3.63 m although in a very much limited form to high. [4] [8]. The outermost shrine of the the royal type; this involved rotating the four shrines measures 5.08m x 3.28m x chambers 90 degrees, to resemble the 2.75m high. [9] As for the floor of the usual architectural plan of the royal 18th burial chamber whilst its floor was dynasty tombs to re-adjust a former lowered 0.94 m below the antechamber, private tomb. Possibly at the time of the floor of the burial chamber of KV46 death the treasury and the burial (where Ti’s parents Yuya and Tuya chamber were added, fig. (1) The whole were interred) was also dropped of the northern side of the antechamber approximately 1m from the level of the opens into the only decorated room in entrance doorway, though only at the the tomb, which is the burial chamber. left end. [10] Figure (1) Plan of KV 62, after http://history1900s.about.com/library/misc/bltuttomb.htm, 21/3/2012 2.2. The decoration and scenes of KV62 Only the walls of the burial golden ground. The scenes and chamber were plastered with gypsum inscriptions are principally of a religious and decorated with painted scenes. The theme. On the west wall are baboons. plaster seems not to have been As for the northern wall, it displays the completely dry when the tomb was most famous scene of the tomb, Ay sealed. There is no kheker frieze, and wearing the blue Khepresh crown of war the walls all share the same uniform and the panther’s skin of priesthood, 121 while performing the opening of the the death of Akhenaten, but was moved mouth ritual to Tutankhamun in the to Thebes and used during succeeding Osirid mummified form.
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