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THIS CALENDAR is the working calendar of Hellenion, a diverse group of Hellenic In addition to ancient festivals and observances, certain modern occasions are listed polytheists sharing the common goal of living a life of piety and proper respect for as well. This includes the Hellenion monthly libation (ensuring that at least one day a the Gods of Olympos and ancient Hellenic tradition. month is shared by the community, albeit scattered, at the same time, and also ensuring that each of the twelve Olympians is honored at least once during the year). The calendar is based on the monthly and annual observances and festivals of the Note that this libation is not an official practice of Hellenion but a voluntary activity ancient Athenians from about 800 BCE to 323 BCE. This version was created using endorsed by many Hellenion members. Some modern festivals are also listed, such information derived from two astronomical associations, as Heliogenna in December, and Prometheia, held in Greece near the summer http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SKYCAL/SKYCAL.html?cal=2020#skycal and from solstice near Mt. Olympos. At the time of creating this calendar, the exact 2019 dates www.timeanddate.com/calendar/moonphases.html, as well as these sources: were not available. (More information about this festival is found at Greek Religion by Walter Burkert (Harvard University Press, 1977, English translation: https://prometheia.wordpress.com ). Basil Blackwell Publisher and Harvard University Press, 1985), Old Stones, New Temples; ancient Greek paganism reborn, by Drew Campbell (Xlibris Remember that, among the ancient Greeks, the day begins at sundown of the Corporation, 2000), previous day. Days in gray indicate the new moon/beginning of Greek month and the Festivals of the Athenians, by H. W. Parke (London, Thames and Hudson, 1977) Hellenion monthly libation date. The dark of the moon is an approximation based on Hellenic Month Established Per Athens (HMEPA). See the relevant pages at the Eastern Time Zone (based in Toronto, Ontario) and the exact time of dark of moon http://www.numachi.com/~ccount/hmepa/calendars/699.html for the 699th and Noumenia varies in other locations depending on your time zone, where in the Olympiad. time zone you live and your latitude. One of our associated projects, the online version of this calendar, is now available Transliteration of Greek month names and festivals below used “y” to represent the at the Hellenion web site: http://www.hellenion.org . That version contains links to short “u” of Greek, “kh” is used to represent “chi” (χ), a sound which does not exist descriptions of all the special days noted on this calendar and suggestions about how in English, and “e” represents both epsilon (ε) and eta (η). Έρρωσο! to observe them in the 21st century. You are under no obligation to observe all the occasions and days mentioned here; in fact, that would be all but impossible at About the cover: Kylix of Apollo recovered from a burial in Delphoi, made about 480- present, since none of us live in a wholly polytheistic city. Every observance is 470 BCE in an Attic workshop. Apollo is shown with an elaborate hair style and a optional. This calendar is made available to you as a learning tool, and as a framework wreath, a red cloak and his seven-string lyre. In his right hand, he holds a phiale to begin or extend your practice of ancient Hellenic religious tradition. Needless to (libation vessel) and he’s attended by a black crow or raven, both associated with the say, ancient Hellenic religion involved many more practices than are implied by this god in myth. The photographer of this piece, Hellenion member Spyros Parashis, calendar, which is adapted to the modern secular calendar. wonders, “If it is Apollo who is depicted, why is he pouring a libation? To whom does a god need to pour a libation?” What do you think? Why would a god need to pour a The calendar outlines ancient monthly practices, such as Hekate’s Deipnon, libation? Photo by Spyros Parashis, October 2019. Graphic design by K.M. Wehrstein. Noumenia (the visible crescent moon) and the Agathos Daimon. It also lists ancient Athenian festivals on the exact dates where these are known. Where the exact date has not been revealed by research, a question mark follows the name of the festival. Information about the specific observance can be found in the references mentioned above and on the online version. January 2020 Gamelion - Anthesterion Γαμηλιών - Ανθεστηριών Year 3 of the 699th Olympiad Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 5 Gamelion 2 6 Gamelion 3 7 Gamelion 4 8 Gamelion Artemis Apollon Poseidon and Theseus 9 Gamelion 10 Gamelion 11 Gamelion 12 Gamelion 13 Gamelion 14 Gamelion 15 Gamelion 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Helios, the Muses and Lenaia Lenaia Lenaia Libation to Hera Rhea FULL MOON 2:21 pm EST 16 Gamelion 17 Gamelion 18 Gamelion 19 Gamelion 20 Gamelion 21 Gamelion 22 Gamelion 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 23 Gamelion 24 Gamelion 25 Gamelion 26 Gamelion 27 Gamelion 28 Gamelion 29 Gamelion 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Theogamia Hekate’s Deipnon 26 1 Anthesterion 27 2 Anthesterion 28 3 Anthesterion 29 4 Anthesterion 30 5 Anthesterion 31 6 Anthesterion Noumenia Agathos Daimon Athena Aphrodite, Herakles, Artemis Hermes and Eros Dark of the moon: Jan 24 – 4:42 pm EST; 3:42 pm CST; 2:42 pm MST; 1:42 pm PST, at 43.7°N February 2020 Anthesterion - Elaphebolion Ανθεστηριών - Ελαφηβολιών Year 3 of the 699th Olympiad Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 7 Anthesterion Apollon 2 8 Anthesterion 3 9 Anthesterion 4 10 Anthesterion 5 11 Anthesterion 6 12 Anthesterion 7 13 Anthesterion 8 14 Anthesterion Poseidon and Theseus Helios, the Muses and Anthesteria - Pithoigia Anthesteria - Khoes Anthesteria - Khytrai Libation to Aphrodite Rhea 9 15 Anthesterion 10 16 Anthesterion 11 17 Anthesterion 12 18 Anthesterion 13 19 Anthesterion 14 20 Anthesterion 15 21 Anthesterion Lesser Mysteries Lesser Mysteries Anniversary of the Death of Socratēs FULL MOON 2:33 am EST 22 Anthesterion 23 Anthesterion 24 Anthesterion 25 Anthesterion 26 Anthesterion 27 Anthesterion 28 Anthesterion 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Lesser Mysteries Lesser Mysteries & Lesser Mysteries Lesser Mysteries Lesser Mysteries Diasia Family Day (Canada) Presidents Day (US) 23 29 Anthesterion 24 30 Anthesterion 25 1 Elaphebolion 26 2 Elaphebolion 27 3 Elaphebolion 28 4 Elaphebolion 29 5 Elaphebolion Hekate’s Deipnon Noumenia Agathos Daimon Athena Aphrodite, Herakles, Hermes and Eros Dark of the moon: Feb 23 – 10:32 am EST; 9:32 am CST; 8:32 am MST; 7:32 am PST, at 43.7°N. March 2020 Elaphebolion - Mounykhion Ελαφηβολιών - Μουνυχιών Year 3 of the 699th Olympiad Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 6 Elaphebolion 2 7 Elaphebolion 3 8 Elaphebolion 4 9 Elaphebolion 5 10 Elaphebolion 6 11 Elaphebolion 7 12 Elaphebolion Elaphebolia Apollon Asklepia Helios, the Muses and Dionysia ta astika Dionysia ta astika Dionysia ta astika Artemis Poseidon and Theseus Rhea 13 Elaphebolion 14 Elaphebolion 15 Elaphebolion 16 Elaphebolion 17 Elaphebolion 18 Elaphebolion 19 Elaphebolion 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Dionysia ta astika Dionysia ta astika Dionysia ta astika Dionysia ta astika Dionysia ta astika & Libation to Hephaistos Pandia FULL MOON 1:47 pm EDT 20 Elaphebolion 21 Elaphebolion 22 Elaphebolion 23 Elaphebolion 24 Elaphebolion 25 Elaphebolion 26 Elaphebolion 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Anniversary of the martyrdom of Hypatia Equinox 27 Elaphebolion 28 Elaphebolion 29 Elaphebolion 30 Elaphebolion 1 Mounykhion 2 Mounykhion 3 Mounykhion 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Hekate’s Deipnon Noumenia Agathos Daimon Athena 4 Mounykhion n 5 Mounykhion 6 Mounykhion 29 30 31 Aphrodite, Herakles, Delphinia Hermes and Eros Artemis Dark of the moon: Mar 24 – 5:28 am EST; 4:28 am CST; 3:28 am MST; 2:28 am PST, at 43.7°N. Daylight Savings Time begins March 8 at 2:00 am in Canada and USA. April 2020 Mounykhion - Thargelion Μουνυχιών - Θαργηλιών Year 3 of the 699th Olympiad Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 7 Mounykhion 2 8 Mounykhion 3 9 Mounykhion 4 10 Mounykhion Apollon Poseidon and Theseus Helios, the Muses and Rhea 5 11 Mounykhion 6 12 Mounykhion 7 13 Mounykhion 8 14 Mounykhion 9 15 Mounykhion 10 16 Mounykhion 11 17 Mounykhion Mounykhia Libation to Artemis FULL MOON 10:35 pm EDT 18 Mounykhion 19 Mounykhion 20 Mounykhion 21 Mounykhion 22 Mounykhion 23 Mounykhion 24 Mounykhion 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Olympeia 25 Mounykhion 26 Mounykhion 27 Mounykhion 28 Mounykhion 29 Mounykhion 1 Thargelion 2 Thargelion 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Earth Day Hekate’s Deipnon Noumenia Agathos Daimon Anniversary of the Foundation of Hellenion 26 3 Thargelion 27 4 Thargelion 28 5 Thargelion 29 6 Thargelion 30 7 Thargelion Athena Aphrodite, Herakles, Artemis Apollon Hermes and Eros Thargelia Thargelia Dark of the moon: Apr 22 – 10:25 pm EDT; 9:25 pm CDT; 8:25 pm MDT; 7:25 pm PDT, at 43.7°N. May 2020 Thargelion - Skirophorion Θαργηλιών - Σκιροφοριών Year 3 of the 699th Olympiad Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 8 Thargelion 9 Thargelion 1 2 Helios, the Muses and Rhea 3 10 Thargelion 4 11 Thargelion 5 12 Thargelion 6 13 Thargelion 7 14 Thargelion 8 15 Thargelion 9 16 Thargelion Libation to Apollon FULL MOON 6:45 am EDT 10 17 Thargelion 11 18 Thargelion 12 19 Thargelion 13 20 Thargelion 14 21 Thargelion 15 22 Thargelion 16 23 Thargelion Mother’s Day Bendideia 17 24 Thargelion 18 25 Thargelion 19 26 Thargelion 20 27 Thargelion 21 28 Thargelion 22 29 Thargelion 23 30 Thargelion Kallynteria Plynteria Hekate’s Deipnon Victoria Day (Canada) 24 1 Skirophorion 25 2 Skirophorion 26 3 Skirophorion 27 4 Skirophorion 28 5 Skirophorion 29 6 Skirophorion 30 7 Skirophorion Noumenia Agathos Daimon Arrephoria Aphrodite, Herakles, Artemis Apollon Memorial Day (US) Athena Hermes and Eros 31 8 Skirophorion Poseidon and Theseus Dark of the moon: May 22 – 1:38 pm EDT; 12:38 pm CDT; 11:38 am MDT; 10:38 am PDT, at 43.7°N.
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    is is a version of an electronic document, part of the series, Dēmos: Clas- sical Athenian Democracy, a publicationpublication ofof e Stoa: a consortium for electronic publication in the humanities [www.stoa.org]. e electronic version of this article off ers contextual information intended to make the study of Athenian democracy more accessible to a wide audience. Please visit the site at http:// www.stoa.org/projects/demos/home. Athenian Political Art from the fi h and fourth centuries: Images of Tribal (Eponymous) Heroes S e Cleisthenic reforms of /, which fi rmly established democracy at Ath- ens, imposed a new division of Attica into ten tribes, each of which consti- tuted a new political and military unit, but included citizens from each of the three geographical regions of Attica – the city, the coast, and the inland. En- rollment in a tribe (according to heredity) was a manda- tory prerequisite for citizenship. As usual in ancient Athenian aff airs, politics and reli- gion came hand in hand and, a er due consultation with Apollo’s oracle at Delphi, each new tribe was assigned to a particular hero a er whom the tribe was named; the ten Amy C. Smith, “Athenian Political Art from the Fi h and Fourth Centuries : Images of Tribal (Eponymous) Heroes,” in C. Blackwell, ed., Dēmos: Classical Athenian Democracy (A.(A. MahoneyMahoney andand R.R. Scaife,Scaife, edd.,edd., e Stoa: a consortium for electronic publication in the humanities [www.stoa.org], . © , A.C. Smith. tribal heroes are thus known as the eponymous (or name giving) heroes. T : Aristotle indicates that each hero already received worship by the time of the Cleisthenic reforms, although little evi- dence as to the nature of the worship of each hero is now known (Aristot.
  • Who Was Protagoras? • Born in Abdêra, an Ionian Pólis in Thrace

    Who Was Protagoras? • Born in Abdêra, an Ionian Pólis in Thrace

    Recovering the wisdom of Protagoras from a reinterpretation of the Prometheia trilogy Prometheus (c.1933) by Paul Manship (1885-1966) By: Marty Sulek, Ph.D. Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy For: Workshop In Multidisciplinary Philanthropic Studies February 10, 2015 Composed for inclusion in a Festschrift in honour of Dr. Laurence Lampert, a Canadian philosopher and leading scholar in the field of Nietzsche studies, and a professor emeritus of Philosophy at IUPUI. Adult Content Warning • Nudity • Sex • Violence • And other inappropriate Prometheus Chained by Vulcan (1623) themes… by Dirck van Baburen (1595-1624) Nietzsche on Protagoras & the Sophists “The Greek culture of the Sophists had developed out of all the Greek instincts; it belongs to the culture of the Periclean age as necessarily as Plato does not: it has its predecessors in Heraclitus, in Democritus, in the scientific types of the old philosophy; it finds expression in, e.g., the high culture of Thucydides. And – it has ultimately shown itself to be right: every advance in epistemological and moral knowledge has reinstated the Sophists – Our contemporary way of thinking is to a great extent Heraclitean, Democritean, and Protagorean: it suffices to say it is Protagorean, because Protagoras represented a synthesis of Heraclitus and Democritus.” Nietzsche, The Will to Power, 2.428 Reappraisals of the authorship & dating of the Prometheia trilogy • Traditionally thought to have been composed by Aeschylus (c.525-c.456 BCE). • More recent scholarship has demonstrated the play to have been written by a later, lesser author sometime in the 430s. • This new dating raises many questions as to what contemporary events the trilogy may be referring.