Manual of Mythology
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Cult of Isis
Interpreting Early Hellenistic Religion PAPERS AND MONOGRAPHS OF THE FINNISH INSTITUTE AT ATHENS VOL. III Petra Pakkanen INTERPRETING EARL Y HELLENISTIC RELIGION A Study Based on the Mystery Cult of Demeter and the Cult of Isis HELSINKI 1996 © Petra Pakkanen and Suomen Ateenan-instituutin saatiO (Foundation of the Finnish Institute at Athens) 1996 ISSN 1237-2684 ISBN 951-95295-4-3 Printed in Greece by D. Layias - E. Souvatzidakis S.A., Athens 1996 Cover: Portrait of a priest of Isis (middle of the 2nd to middle of the 1st cent. BC). American School of Classical Studies at Athens: Agora Excavations. Inv. no. S333. Photograph Craig Mauzy. Sale: Bookstore Tiedekirja, Kirkkokatu 14, FIN-00170 Helsinki, Finland Contents Acknowledgements I. Introduction 1. Problems 1 2. Cults Studied 2 3. Geographical Confines 3 4. Sources and an Evaluation of Sources 5 11. Methodology 1. Methodological Approach to the History of Religions 13 2. Discussion of Tenninology 19 3. Method for Studying Religious and Social Change 20 Ill. The Cults of Demeter and Isis in Early Hellenistic Athens - Changes in Religion 1. General Overview of the Religious Situation in Athens During the Early Hellenistic Period: Typology of Religious Cults 23 2. Cult of Demeter: Eleusinian Great Mysteries 29 3. Cult of Isis 47 Table 1 64 IV. Problem of the Mysteries 1. Definition of the Tenn 'Mysteries' 65 2. Aspects of the Mysteries 68 3. Mysteries in Athens During the Early Hellenistic Period and a Comparison to Those of Rome in the Third Century AD 71 4. Emergence of the Mysteries ofIsis in Greece 78 Table 2 83 V. -
The Zodiac: Comparison of the Ancient Greek Mythology and the Popular Romanian Beliefs
THE ZODIAC: COMPARISON OF THE ANCIENT GREEK MYTHOLOGY AND THE POPULAR ROMANIAN BELIEFS DOINA IONESCU *, FLORA ROVITHIS ** , ELENI ROVITHIS-LIVANIOU *** Abstract : This paper intends to draw a comparison between the ancient Greek Mythology and the Romanian folk beliefs for the Zodiac. So, after giving general information for the Zodiac, each one of the 12 zodiac signs is described. Besides, information is given for a few astronomical subjects of special interest, together with Romanian people believe and the description of Greek myths concerning them. Thus, after a thorough examination it is realized that: a) The Greek mythology offers an explanation for the consecration of each Zodiac sign, and even if this seems hyperbolic in almost most of the cases it was a solution for things not easily understood at that time; b) All these passed to the Romanians and influenced them a lot firstly by the ancient Greeks who had built colonies in the present Romania coasts as well as via commerce, and later via the Romans, and c) The Romanian beliefs for the Zodiac is also connected to their deep Orthodox religious character, with some references also to their history. Finally, a general discussion is made and some agricultural and navigator suggestions connected to Pleiades and Hyades are referred, too. Keywords : Zodiac, Greek, mythology, tradition, religion. PROLOGUE One of their first thoughts, or questions asked, by the primitive people had possibly to do with sky and stars because, when during the night it was very dark, all these lights above had certainly arose their interest. So, many ancient civilizations observed the stars as well as their movements in the sky. -
Kretan Cult and Customs, Especially in the Classical and Hellenistic Periods: a Religious, Social, and Political Study
i Kretan cult and customs, especially in the Classical and Hellenistic periods: a religious, social, and political study Thesis submitted for degree of MPhil Carolyn Schofield University College London ii Declaration I, Carolyn Schofield, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been acknowledged in the thesis. iii Abstract Ancient Krete perceived itself, and was perceived from outside, as rather different from the rest of Greece, particularly with respect to religion, social structure, and laws. The purpose of the thesis is to explore the bases for these perceptions and their accuracy. Krete’s self-perception is examined in the light of the account of Diodoros Siculus (Book 5, 64-80, allegedly based on Kretan sources), backed up by inscriptions and archaeology, while outside perceptions are derived mainly from other literary sources, including, inter alia, Homer, Strabo, Plato and Aristotle, Herodotos and Polybios; in both cases making reference also to the fragments and testimonia of ancient historians of Krete. While the main cult-epithets of Zeus on Krete – Diktaios, associated with pre-Greek inhabitants of eastern Krete, Idatas, associated with Dorian settlers, and Kretagenes, the symbol of the Hellenistic koinon - are almost unique to the island, those of Apollo are not, but there is good reason to believe that both Delphinios and Pythios originated on Krete, and evidence too that the Eleusinian Mysteries and Orphic and Dionysiac rites had much in common with early Kretan practice. The early institutionalization of pederasty, and the abduction of boys described by Ephoros, are unique to Krete, but the latter is distinct from rites of initiation to manhood, which continued later on Krete than elsewhere, and were associated with different gods. -
Ovid Book 12.30110457.Pdf
METAMORPHOSES GLOSSARY AND INDEX The index that appeared in the print version of this title was intentionally removed from the eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that ap- pear in the print index are listed below. SINCE THIS index is not intended as a complete mythological dictionary, the explanations given here include only important information not readily available in the text itself. Names in parentheses are alternative Latin names, unless they are preceded by the abbreviation Gr.; Gr. indi- cates the name of the corresponding Greek divinity. The index includes cross-references for all alternative names. ACHAMENIDES. Former follower of Ulysses, rescued by Aeneas ACHELOUS. River god; rival of Hercules for the hand of Deianira ACHILLES. Greek hero of the Trojan War ACIS. Rival of the Cyclops, Polyphemus, for the hand of Galatea ACMON. Follower of Diomedes ACOETES. A faithful devotee of Bacchus ACTAEON ADONIS. Son of Myrrha, by her father Cinyras; loved by Venus AEACUS. King of Aegina; after death he became one of the three judges of the dead in the lower world AEGEUS. King of Athens; father of Theseus AENEAS. Trojan warrior; son of Anchises and Venus; sea-faring survivor of the Trojan War, he eventually landed in Latium, helped found Rome AESACUS. Son of Priam and a nymph AESCULAPIUS (Gr. Asclepius). God of medicine and healing; son of Apollo AESON. Father of Jason; made young again by Medea AGAMEMNON. King of Mycenae; commander-in-chief of the Greek forces in the Trojan War AGLAUROS AJAX. -
Provided by the Internet Classics Archive. See Bottom for Copyright
Provided by The Internet Classics Archive. See bottom for copyright. Available online at http://classics.mit.edu//Homer/iliad.html The Iliad By Homer Translated by Samuel Butler ---------------------------------------------------------------------- BOOK I Sing, O goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans. Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Jove fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles, first fell out with one another. And which of the gods was it that set them on to quarrel? It was the son of Jove and Leto; for he was angry with the king and sent a pestilence upon the host to plague the people, because the son of Atreus had dishonoured Chryses his priest. Now Chryses had come to the ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter, and had brought with him a great ransom: moreover he bore in his hand the sceptre of Apollo wreathed with a suppliant's wreath and he besought the Achaeans, but most of all the two sons of Atreus, who were their chiefs. "Sons of Atreus," he cried, "and all other Achaeans, may the gods who dwell in Olympus grant you to sack the city of Priam, and to reach your homes in safety; but free my daughter, and accept a ransom for her, in reverence to Apollo, son of Jove." On this the rest of the Achaeans with one voice were for respecting the priest and taking the ransom that he offered; but not so Agamemnon, who spoke fiercely to him and sent him roughly away. -
Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1996
Kernos Revue internationale et pluridisciplinaire de religion grecque antique 12 | 1999 Varia Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1996 Angelos Chaniotis, Joannis Mylonopoulos and Eftychia Stavrianopoulou Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/kernos/724 DOI: 10.4000/kernos.724 ISSN: 2034-7871 Publisher Centre international d'étude de la religion grecque antique Printed version Date of publication: 1 January 1999 Number of pages: 207-292 ISSN: 0776-3824 Electronic reference Angelos Chaniotis, Joannis Mylonopoulos and Eftychia Stavrianopoulou, « Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1996 », Kernos [Online], 12 | 1999, Online since 13 April 2011, connection on 15 September 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/kernos/724 Kernos Kemos, 12 (1999), p. 207-292. Epigtoaphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1996 (EBGR 1996) The ninth issue of the BEGR contains only part of the epigraphie harvest of 1996; unforeseen circumstances have prevented me and my collaborators from covering all the publications of 1996, but we hope to close the gaps next year. We have also made several additions to previous issues. In the past years the BEGR had often summarized publications which were not primarily of epigraphie nature, thus tending to expand into an unavoidably incomplete bibliography of Greek religion. From this issue on we return to the original scope of this bulletin, whieh is to provide information on new epigraphie finds, new interpretations of inscriptions, epigraphieal corpora, and studies based p;imarily on the epigraphie material. Only if we focus on these types of books and articles, will we be able to present the newpublications without delays and, hopefully, without too many omissions. -
Hesiod Theogony.Pdf
Hesiod (8th or 7th c. BC, composed in Greek) The Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are probably slightly earlier than Hesiod’s two surviving poems, the Works and Days and the Theogony. Yet in many ways Hesiod is the more important author for the study of Greek mythology. While Homer treats cer- tain aspects of the saga of the Trojan War, he makes no attempt at treating myth more generally. He often includes short digressions and tantalizes us with hints of a broader tra- dition, but much of this remains obscure. Hesiod, by contrast, sought in his Theogony to give a connected account of the creation of the universe. For the study of myth he is im- portant precisely because his is the oldest surviving attempt to treat systematically the mythical tradition from the first gods down to the great heroes. Also unlike the legendary Homer, Hesiod is for us an historical figure and a real per- sonality. His Works and Days contains a great deal of autobiographical information, in- cluding his birthplace (Ascra in Boiotia), where his father had come from (Cyme in Asia Minor), and the name of his brother (Perses), with whom he had a dispute that was the inspiration for composing the Works and Days. His exact date cannot be determined with precision, but there is general agreement that he lived in the 8th century or perhaps the early 7th century BC. His life, therefore, was approximately contemporaneous with the beginning of alphabetic writing in the Greek world. Although we do not know whether Hesiod himself employed this new invention in composing his poems, we can be certain that it was soon used to record and pass them on. -
Wulf: Libretto
WULF: LIBRETTO compiled by Vic Hoyland [Since most of this score uses modern English, it will be acceptable to perform this work using a translation in the country of performance, as well as using segments in the original French, Icelandic, Anglo‐Saxon, Latin, ancient Greek and Scottish Gaelic. Please contact UYMP to discuss any translation of the English text.] Iliad, chapter 18 (of 24): Patroclus, Achilles’ companion, is killed in battle. Achilles’ emotional reaction is extreme. His screams are heard by his mother, Thetis, from the depths of the sea. She calls on her nymphs (Nereids) to come to her son’s aid. “With these the bright cave was filled, and the nymphs all alike, beat their breasts, and Thetis led the lament.” The names of ancient Greek sea nymphs are recalled throughout the work. Part I – WULF 1. Glauke te Thaleia te Kymodoke te Nesaie Speio te Thoe Halia te Kymothoe te kai Actaee kai Limnoreia Kai Melite kai Iera kai Amphithoe kai Agave Doto te Proto te Pherusa Dynamene te Dexamene te Amphinome kai Kallineira Doris kai Panope kai te Galateia Nemertes te kai Apseudes kai Kallinassa Te Klymene Ianeira te kai Ianassa Maera kai Oreithyia te Amatheia.1 5. Protesilaus, Echepolus, Elephenor, Simoisius, Leukos, Democoon, Diores, Pirous, Phegeus, Idaeus, Odios, Phaestus, Scamandrius, Pherecles, Pedaeus, Hypsenor, Astynoos, Hyperion, Abas, Polyidos, Xanthus, Thoon, Echemmnon, Chromius, Pandarus, Deicoon.2 6. Sigmund took his weapons, but Skarphedinn waited the while. Skyolld turned against Grim and Helgʹ, and they fought violently. Sigmund had a helmet on his head and a shield at his side and was girt with a sword, his spear was in his hand; he turns against Skarphedinn, and thrusts at him with his spear, and the thrust struck the shield. -
Athens Guide
ATHENS GUIDE Made by Dorling Kindersley 27. May 2010 PERSONAL GUIDES POWERED BY traveldk.com 1 Top 10 Athens guide Top 10 Acropolis The temples on the “Sacred Rock” of Athens are considered the most important monuments in the Western world, for they have exerted more influence on our architecture than anything since. The great marble masterpieces were constructed during the late 5th-century BC reign of Perikles, the Golden Age of Athens. Most were temples built to honour Athena, the city’s patron goddess. Still breathtaking for their proportion and scale, both human and majestic, the temples were adorned with magnificent, dramatic sculptures of the gods. Herodes Atticus Theatre Top 10 Sights 9 A much later addition, built in 161 by its namesake. Acropolis Rock In summer it hosts the Athens Festival (see Festivals 1 As the highest part of the city, the rock is an ideal and Events). place for refuge, religion and royalty. The Acropolis Rock has been used continuously for these purposes since Dionysus Theatre Neolithic times. 10 This mosaic-tiled theatre was the site of Classical Greece’s drama competitions, where the tragedies and Propylaia comedies by the great playwrights (Aeschylus, 2 At the top of the rock, you are greeted by the Sophocles, Euripides) were first performed. The theatre Propylaia, the grand entrance through which all visitors seated 15,000, and you can still see engraved front-row passed to reach the summit temples. marble seats, reserved for priests of Dionysus. Temple of Athena Nike (“Victory”) 3 There has been a temple to a goddess of victory at New Acropolis Museum this location since prehistoric times, as it protects and stands over the part of the rock most vulnerable to The Glass Floor enemy attack. -
Dr. Turhan Yörükân | Yunan Mitolojisinde Aşk
Dr. Turhan Yörükân | Yunan Mitolojisinde Aşk TÜRKİYE İŞ BANKASI Kültür Yayınları Dr. Turhan Yörükân 29 Aralık 1927'de İstanbul'da doğdu. Lise öğrenimini Latince eğitim veren çeşitli okullarda tamamladı. Dil ve Tarih Coğrafya Fakültesi Felsefe Bölümü'nü bitirdi; sonraları aynı fakültede psikoloji ve pedagoji -slstanı olarak görev yaptı. Gençliğinden başlayarak klasik filolojiyle İlgilenen Dr Yörükân Yunan mitosuna, felsefesine ve bilimine olan merakını hep canlı tuttu. Çeşitli bilimsel dergilerde makaleleri yayım lanan Dr. Yörükân yazar ve editör olarak otuzun üzerinde kitap yayımladı. Dr. Yörükân halen Ankara'da yaşıyor, çalışmalarını sürdürüyor. T Ü R K İY E İŞ B A N K A S I Kültür Yayınları Genel Yayın: 457 Edebiyat Dizisi: 115 Datça / Knidos’daki Aphrodite Euploia tapınağında yer alan Aphrodite heykeli için, Gaius Plinius Secundus (İ.S. 23- 79), yazdığı tabiî ilimler ansiklopedisinde (Naturalis Historia, 36, 20), “Praksiteles, bu eseriyle, mermer işleyen bir sanatçı olarak, kendisini bile aşmıştır... Onun bu eseri, sadece kendi yaptığı eserler içerisinde değil, bütün dünyadaki eserler içeri sinde en üstün olanı idi. Birçok kimse, denizler aşarak onu Knidos’ta görmeye geliyordu", diyor. Samsatlı (Samosatalı) Lukianos (İ.S. 120-200), Aşklar (13-14) adlı eserinde, “Bahçedeki bitkilerden yeterince haz duyduktan sonra, tapmağa girdik. Tanrıçanın Paros merme rinden yapılmış olağanüstü güzellikteki heykeli, tapmağın or tasında duruyordu... Vücudunun bütün güzelliği, herhangi bir örtü ile gizlenmiş değildi. Sadece bir eliyle, iffetini korumak istercesine önünü kapatıyordu. Sanatçının sergilediği üstün lük, taşın katı ve inatçı tabiatını kırmış, onu, her uzvun şekli ne uyum sağlamak zorunda bırakmıştı", diyor. Praksiteles’in yapmış olduğu Aphrodite heykelinin sikke ler üzerine darp edilmiş görüntüsü, aradan asırlar geçmiş ol masına rağmen, Roma Dönemi’nde etkisini sürdürmeye de vam etmiştir. -
The Earl Hoke Butterfly Collection
This spreadsheet is a part of The Earl Hoke Butterfly and Moth Exhibit Kamden Rudin's Eagle Scout FRAME COLOR Peach (1) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Row 1 Dynamine mylitta (Mexico) Nessalea anclaeus (Peru) Didoni's aganisa (Mexico) Callithea optima (Ecuador) Aasterope pechueli Row 2 Pareute charops (Mexico) Bolboneura sylphis (Mexico) Eunica monima (Mexico) "underside" Callithea optima (Ecuador) Row 3 Bolboneura syphis (Mexico) Eunica tatila (Mexico) Perisana vaninka (Columbia) Row 4 Lyropteryx apollonia (Peru) Peach (2) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Row 1 Thisbe (Irenea) Colobura dirce (2) Myselia cyamanthe Eumaeus Eunie tatila Row 2 Pereute charops ♀♂ Canteophele nystinas ♀♂ Row 3 "underside" Callicure anna ♂ Peach (3) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Row 1 Pareba issoria (2) Pardopsis punctatissima Napeogenes tolosa amara (2) Acraea encedon Row 2 Pardopsis punctatissma Actinote leucomelas (2)♂ Agraea encedon (Form Lycdides) Acraea Row 3 Agraea eponina Agraea encedon (Form Lycdides) Row 4 Acraea violarum Acraea machequena (Bottom) Acraea violarum Peach (4) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Scientific name (Country) Row 1 Ixias pyreng (India) Eurehea (2 Underside) Eurema westwoodi -
Export Data As PDF File
Hanna Paulouskaya, "Entry on: The Argonauts [არგონავტები ] / Merry Chronicle of a Dangerous Voyage [Веселая хроника опасного путешествия] by Jemal Bagashvili, Aleksander Basilaia, Evgeny Ginzburg", peer-reviewed by Elżbieta Olechowska and Susan Deacy. Our Mythical Childhood Survey (Warsaw: University of Warsaw, 2018). Link: http://omc.obta.al.uw.edu.pl/myth-survey/item/31. Entry version as of September 27, 2021. Jemal Bagashvili , Aleksander Basilaia , Evgeny Ginzburg The Argonauts [არგონავტები ] / Merry Chronicle of a Dangerous Voyage [Веселая хроника опасного путешествия] Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1986) TAGS: Aeëtes Amazons Amykos (Amycus) Argonauts Argus (son of Arestor) Diogenes Dioscuri Georgia Golden Fleece Greece Greek mythology Heracles / Herakles Hylas Jason Laertes Medea Orpheas Pelias Poseidon Sailing in the sea Sirens Tiphys Courtesy of the Film Video Association “Крупный план” (Close-up, accessed: August 17, 2018). General information The Argonauts [არგონავტები ] / Merry Chronicle of a Dangerous Title of the work Voyage [Веселая хроника опасного путешествия] Studio/Production TO “Ekran” with assistance of Georgia Film Company Country of the First Edition Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) Country/countries of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics popularity Russian, with one song in Georgian. There is possibly a Georgian Original Language version but we are unable to confirm this. First Edition Date 1986 Веселая хроника опасного путешествия [Merry Chronicle of a Dangerous Voyage]. Directed by E. Ginzburg. Script by J. Bagashvili First Edition Details and E. Ginzburg. Composer and songwriter A. Basilaia. Music performed by VIA Iberia. Moscow: TO Ekran, 1986. 81 min. Running time 81 min 1 This Project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 681202, Our Mythical Childhood..