Sites of the Peaceful Revolution in Berlin

Home , Gethsemane Church, Goethepark, Oberbaum Bridge, State Council Building

SITES STELAE

1 Gethsemane Church 13 Broadcasting House Berlin – In the autumn of 1989 this was a key site for the revo- Radio Free Berlin was the voice of the Peaceful Revolution in the West. It could also Sites of the Peaceful Revolution Sites of the lution. Thousands of people came together here every be heard in the eastern part of the city and was one of the most important information On 9 November 1989 the news of the opening of the day to voice their protest. Hundreds of candles burned sources for the East Germans. The fi rst interviews with East and West Berliners after the East German borders spread like wildfi re all around the outside the church, becoming a symbol of peaceful fall of the Wall were broadcast from here. Charlottenburg, Masurenallee 8–14 world. But what happened in the weeks and months resistance. Prenzlauer Berg, Stargarder Straße 77 14 Görlitzer Ufer with Death Strip before the Berlin Wall fell? Berlin was one of the centres Peaceful 2 Schlossplatz Many opposition activists left East Germany or were forcibly expatriated. A number of of the Peaceful Revolution. The Revolution Stelae help This square was the heart of political power in East Germany. It was the site of the ru- them settled in Kreuzberg near the Berlin Wall. From here, they supported the opposition, reconstruct the dramatic events at the original sites, from ling SED’s central committee, the state council building and the Palace of the Republic. smuggled books, fi lms and manuscripts and reported on the events in the GDR. Kreuzberg, the protests against electoral fraud in May 1989 to German When the country’s leaders celebrated themselves on the 40th anniversary of the GDR, Görlitzer Straße / Lübbener Straße unity on 3 October 1990. enraged citizens held a spontaneous march to Schlossplatz. Mitte, Am Lustgarten Revolution 15 St Elisabeth’s Church The information columns mark places in the east and the 3 Potsdamer Straße From the late 1980s on, St Elisabeth’s Church was the meeting point of the Church from west of Berlin that are closely linked to the Peaceful Revo- The West German media were a catalyst for the Peaceful Revolution. Radio 100 regu- Below, a critical network across the whole GDR. On 7 May 1989 an alliance was founded lution: places where opposition activists lived and met up, larly reported on opposition activities in its programme Radio Glasnost. The editorial and coordinated here, which observed the local elections and revealed widespread sites of confrontation with the state and buildings where offi ces on Potsdamer Straße informed the East Germans about what was going on in electoral fraud. Mitte, Invalidenstraße 3 democratic history was written. They show the wide in Berlin REVOLUTION STELAE support from West Berlin and recall the joy at the peaceful their own country – uncensored. Schöneberg, Potsdamer Straße 131 16 Stasi Headquarters course of the fi rst successful revolution in Germany. 4 Around Teutoburger Platz This complex was the headquarters of the Ministry of State Security. On 15 January In the 1980s, a lively subculture grew up around this square. 1990 thousands of demonstrators stormed the Stasi offi ces to prevent fi les being The focus is on the people involved at the time, whose Young people in particular, including many artists and opposition destroyed and to force the closure of the secret police. Lichtenberg, Frankfurter Allee / courageous and determined actions ultimately brought activists, lived in the decrepit old buildings. The painter and civil Ruschestraße the GDR to an end and who shaped democracy in their rights activist Bärbel Bohley had her studio here, one of the country. 17 Permanent Representation most important meeting places for the opposition. Prenzlauer Many East Germans fl ed to the Permanent Representation of the Federal Republic of Ger- Impressive photos and explanatory texts, available as Berg, Fehrbelliner Straße / Templiner Straße many, asking for help to leave the country. In August 1989 it had to be closed temporarily audio tracks in eight languages, bring the history of the 5 Press Offi ce of the GDR Council of Ministers due to overcrowding. The singer-songwriter Wolf Biermann lived in the house on the Peaceful Revolution to life at the authentic sites. Together On 9 November 1989 the government representative Günter opposite corner until he was expatriated in 1976. Mitte, Chausseestraße / Hannoversche with the Wall markers, the Revolution Stelae lead visitors Schabowski held a press conference here, announcing the Straße through a fascinating chapter of German history. sensational news of the immediate relaxation of travel regulations for East Germans. 18 Alexanderplatz Many East Berliners fl ooded to the border and the Berlin Wall fell only hours later. Mitte, Known as „Alex“, this square was the site of the largest protest demonstration in the Mohrenstraße 37/38 history of East Germany. On 4 November 1989 hundreds of thousands gathered here for 6 Schöneberg Town Hall a rally. The Berlin Wall fell only a few days later. Mitte, Alexanderplatz On the day after the fall of the Berlin Wall, tens of thousands of East and West Berliners came together for a rally outside the town hall, listening to speeches by prominent West German politicians including Willy Brandt and Chancellor Helmut Kohl. Schöneberg, John-F.-Kennedy-Platz 1 WEBSITE 7 Dietrich Bonhoeff er House One of the foundation stones for democracy in East Germany was laid in this house. In December 1989 representatives of the government and the opposition came together here for the fi rst time at the Round Table, to negotiate democratic change and prepare for free elections in the GDR. Mitte, Ziegelstraße 30 8 Confessional Church In the 1980s, the Confessional Church was a refuge for people under political pressure in East Germany: peace activists, environmental groups, people who wanted to leave the country. The grassroots movement Democracy Now and the Green Party in the GDR were both founded here in the autumn of 1989. Treptow, Plesserstraße 4 9 Zion Church In the Environmental Library, opposition activists printed self-published illegal magazines and fl yers, which were distributed across East Germany. At the end of 1987 the Stasi raided the church premises and arrested several activists. The move was intended to intimidate them, but instead mobilised resistance all around the country. Mitte, Zionskirch- straße 32 www.revolution89.de 10 Kollwitzplatz An alternative culture developed in this area from the mid-1970s on, forming the basis of the legend of Prenzlauer Berg. Counter- culture artists, dropouts and opposition activists occupied vacant houses, where they held readings, exhibitions and political discussions. Prenzlauer Berg, Kollwitzstraße / Wörther Straße The multilingual website www.revolution89.de provides detailed information on sites 11 Church of the Good Samaritan of the Peaceful Revolution and includes documents, portraits and reports from the A project of the Robert Havemann Society, Some of the most prominent East German opposition groups met in people involved. In fascinating pictures and documents, it tells the backstory to the funded by this church. They included the church’s own Peace Circle, which was involved in revealing revolution, describing the events that changed East German society and the route the German Lottery Foundation Berlin to German unity. The site also informs visitors about current exhibitions, events and and the election fraud of May 1989. The blues masses held in the 1980s attracted many young people from all over the country. Friedrichshain, Samariterstraße 27 publications on the subject. the Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media, on the basis of a ruling by the Bundestag 12 House of Democracy The House of Democracy, set up in January 1990, provided space for opposition groups Overall planning, design and graphic design of the Revolution Stelae: and parties. The building had previously housed the ruling SED party’s local head- Helga Lieser and Dagmar von Wilken, F 217 ausstellungDESIGNgraphik quarters, its new use symbolising the success of the grassroots movements.. Mitte, Friedrichstraße 165 U

Frankfurter Allee S

S- und U-Bahn stations Landsberger Allee Landsberger U MAGDALENEN STR. U5 16 Alexanderplatz House of Democracy Stasi Headquarters 18 12 16

g e S r W Görlitzer Ufer with Death Strip ee U ns 14 iße WeißenseerWe Weg S Treptower Park Treptower U FRANKFURTER ALLEE 11 U U5 / S8 S41 S42 S85 OSTKREUZ Boxhagener Straße Kirche von Unten, 16 Robert-Have- S SAMARITERSTR. U5 Weisser See Weisser Ilona Schäfer, 13 Fotowork / Ingo Kuzia, Ilona Schäfer, tation Permanent Represen- S41 / S42 S85 r. Frankfurter Allee St 17 r we rko TREPTOWER PARK

o Stralauer Allee 8

StorkowerSt Str. Puschkinallee

WARSCHAUER STR. WARSCHAUER U1 / S3 S5 S9 S75

Warschauer Straße Warschauer

e S l

l Petersburger Str.

r U

Michelangelostr. r

Kniprodestr. Danziger Str. 10 d

8 Gemeinde der Bekenntniskirche Berlin-Treptow, 8 Gemeinde der Bekenntniskirche Berlin-Treptow, 9 Ostkreuz / Harald Hauswald, 10 Helga Paris, 11 Harald Hauswald, 12 15 14 www.berliner-mauer.de, mann-Gesellschaft / Harry Hauschild, 17 picture-alliance/dpa/ Jan Baue, 18 Photonet / Dirk Lehnartz Flyer design: commoto, Berlin n

L GREIFSWALDER STR. GREIFSWALDER S8 / S41 S42 S85 Allee Landsberger Pistoriusstraße U S 9

Sonnenallee 14 S BERLIN OST.BAHNHOF S3 / S5 S9 S75 Ostseestraße Karl-Marx-Allee Peter SCHLES. TOR. U1

U Greifswalder Straße Greifswalder Friedrichshain Volkspark Hans-

Karl-Marx-Straße Bundesarchiv / Hermannstr.

Schlossplatz Allee Prenzlauer Confessional Church Skalitzer Str. Skalitzer GÖRLITZER BHF. U1 GÖRLITZER BHF. ikuva Oy, 2 2 Holzmarktstr. 8 Mollstraße Kottbuser Damm 1 10 SCHÖNHAUSER ALLEE U2 / S8 S41 S42 S85 PRENZLAUER ALLEE S8 / S41 S42 S85

Danziger Str. S U ALEXANDERPLATZ Schönhauser Allee U Volkspark Volkspark U Hasenheide

S U SENEFELDER U2 PLATZ 18 Heinrich-Heine-Str. 4 U

Torstraße U2 / U5 U8

Bornholmer Str. 9 S5 / S7 S9 S75 U 1 U ALEXANDERPLATZ S BORNHOLMER STR. S1 / S2 S25 S8 S85 2 EBERSWALDER STR. U2 EBERSWALDER S S U 2 ce of the GDR Council 5 ﬃ 15 GESUNDBRUNNEN U8 / S1 S2 S25 /S8 S41/ S42

R.-LUXEMBURG-PL. U2 U Str. Gitschiner HACKESCHER MARKT S5 / S7 S9 S75

Stiebin, 3 Radio 100, 4 Ostkreuz / Harald Hauswald, 5 Thomas Lehmann, 6 picture-alliance/dpa, 7 epd-bild / Andreas Schoelzel, Photo sources: 89_1104_ picture: Archiv StAufarb / Bestand Klaus Mehner, Title POL-Demo_27 [M] Cover: Robert-Havemann-Gesellschaft / Frank Ebert, Rolf Zöllner Inside pages: 1 picture-alliance/dpa/Leht Berlin-Tempelhof Bernauer Str. Bernauer Gneisenaustraße

8 Unter den Linden den Unter U Ministers ROSENTHALER PL. U8 STADTMITTE U6 STADTMITTE 7

Brunnenstraße 3 Press O 5

12 Friedrichstr. 12 Friedrichstr.

S Wilhelmstraße S U

17 BERNAUER STR. U8 Prinzenallee

7 Leipziger Str. Leipziger NORDBHF. Badstraße S1 / S2 S25 TOR U6

Hallesches Ufer Yorckstraße U6 / S1 S2 11 Brandenburger Tor 5 FRIEDRICHSTR. 6 S5 / S9 S25 S75 PLATZ Kollwitzplatz

Osloer Str. ORANIERNBURGER POTSDAMER 10

S U Invalidenstraße S Chausseestraße U er House er ﬀ 4

U Reinickendorfer Str. S Potsdamerstraße YORKSTR. Heidestraße U2 / S1 S2 S25 POTSDAMER PL. U Niederkirchner-/Stresemannstraße Check-Point-Charlie, Krausenstraße East-Side-Gallery Oberbaum Bridge Pariser Platz Friedrichstraße Station BLN. HBF. U7 / S1 S2 S25 3 8 7 U 9 11 12 10 U56 / S1 S2 S5 / S7 S9 S75 Tiergarten Dietrich Bonhoe 7

Reichpietschufer

Straße des 17. Juni 17. des Straße Tiergartenstraße

Bülowstr. Pallasstr. KURFÜRSTENSTR. U1

BÜLOWSTR. U2

Perleberger Str. Perleberger Hauptstraße Schillerpark

Alt Moabit

Quitzowstraße Kleiststraße

Martin-Luther-Str. Seestraße STERN Dominicusstraße GROSSER

Kurfürstenstraße S U U 6 Gethsemane Church Platz Around Teutoburger

Altonaerstraße U4 U

Müllerstraße 1 4 Straße des 17. Juni 17. des Straße PLATZ U4 / U7 PLATZ Bornholmer Straße Bernauer Straße Nordbahnhof Station Kapelle Ufer (Main Station) Ebertstraße Potsdamer Platz BAYERISCHER PLATZ Hohenstaufen Str. 5 1 2 3 6 4 Wall Stelae (1–12) Wall U4 / S41 S42 S46 BREITSCHEID-

RATH. SCHÖNEBERG RATH. INNSBRUCKER PLATZ

Siemensstraße Goethepark Bundesallee Rehberge Volkspark Volkspark Plötzensee Beusselstraße

Hardenbergstraße

Saatwinkler Damm

Lietzenburger Straße Lietzenburger

Cauerstraße PLATZ

Kurfürstendamm Sickingenstraße ERNST-REUTER-

Death Strip

Broadcasting House Görlitzer Ufer with Church St Elisabeth’s Stasi Headquarters Permanent Representation Alexanderplatz

Hohenzollerndamm 13 14 15 16 17 18 Bismarckstraße Kantstraße Brandenburgische Str.

Kaiserin-Augusta-Allee Otto-Suhr-Allee er House er ﬀ

Church of the Good Samaritan Kurfürstendamm Zion Church Hall Schöneberg Town Potsdamer Straße 9 11 6

3 Kaiserdamm Schlosspark Charlottenburg Schöneberg Town Hall Schöneberg Town Dietrich Bonhoe Confessional Church Zion Church Kollwitzplatz Church of the Good Samaritan House of Democracy 6 7 8 9 11 10 12 WESTKREUZ S1 / S5 S7 S9 S41 / S42 S46 S75 S MESSE NORD S41 / S42 S46 S

Stadtring U

Königin-Elisabeth-Str. Messedamm

Volkspark Jungfernheide Volkspark Fürstenbrunner Weg 13 U KAISERDAMM U2 ce of the GDR ﬃ

U2 AVUS Gethsemane Church Council of Ministers St Elisabeth’s Church St Elisabeth’s Broadcasting House Schlossplatz Potsdamer Straße Platz Around Teutoburger Press O 2 3 TH.-HEUSS-PLATZ 5 1 4 15 13 Revolution Stelae (1–18)

Reichsstraße

eerstraße H