DOCSLIB.ORG

Engineering Challenges 2009

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Engineering Challenges 2009 Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Sep 24, 2021 Photonics engineering in a new light Petersen, Paul Michael; Dittmann, Lars Published in: Engineering Challenges Publication date: 2009 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Petersen, P. M., & Dittmann, L. (2009). Photonics engineering in a new light. In C. B. Hansen (Ed.), Engineering Challenges: energy, climate change & health (pp. 52-61). Technical University of Denmark. DTU research series General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Engineering challenges energy, climate change & health Engineering challenges energy, climate change & health Previous publications in the DTU research series: Bridging from technology to society (2004) Engineering challenges energy, climate change & health Editor Photos of authors Carsten Broder Hansen Carsten Broder Hansen, DTU, Klaus Holsting, Jesper Scheel Text editing Artwork David Breuer Glynn Gorick: pages 148/149, 154, 155 NASA: pages 138/139 Project supervisor Helge Elbrønd Jensen Graphics Møllers Tegnestue Project manager Tine Kjær Hassager Layout Grethe Kofoed/Artcome Photographs Carsten Broder Hansen: pages 6/7, 12, 18/19, 22, 40/41, 52/53, 62/63, Printing 72/73, 76, 77, 82/83, 86, 88, 94, 96, 98, 99, 116/117, 128/129, 134, Svendborg Tryk A/S 160/161, 170, 184, 200/201, 222/223, 230, 244/245 Carsten Dam-Hansen: page 56 Colourbox: pages 86, 99, 106/107, 115, 125, 180/181, 183 DTU: pages 135, 192, 198 EFDA-JET: page 102 Lauritzen Group: page 10 Lisbeth Holten: page 26 Th omas Fryd, courtesy of Grønttorvet København: page 182 Th omas Glasdam Jensen, Guisheng Zhuang: page 242 Printed in Denmark Google Earth: page 35 ISBN 978-87-985544-4-8 Klaus Holsting: page 66 ©2009 by the Technical University of Denmark Brian MacKenzie: page 153 All rights reserved Ninell P. Mortensen and James P. Nataro: pages 190/191 NASA: pages 97, 132 NASA/ESA/AURA/Caltech: page 165 For more information, contact: Nicky Pløk/Uni-fl y: pages 30/31, 37 Technical University of Denmark Bjarne W. Olesen: page 79 Anker Engelunds Vej 1 Peder Skaft e-Pedersen, Joanna Lopacinska, Martin Dufva: page 239 DK-2800 Lyngby Søren Skou Nielsen, Pelle Ohlsson, Th omas Glasdam Jensen: pages Denmark 232/233 Tel. +45 4525 2525 Detlef Snakenborg: pages 232/233, 235 Fax +45 4588 1799 Nikolaj Vynne: page 198 Web: www.dtu.dk 2 TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK Preface Action, Boldness & Creativity Action, boldness and creativity are the ABC of engineering. Th e refuge of academia, around which we all must stand guard, is a prerequisite for the free fl ow of thought, the critical solitary refl ection and the inner secluded contemplation from which new ideas are born. Ideas of the individual that must be integrated with the ideas of others to form groundbreaking trains of thought, not only lift ing the spirit of humanity but also bettering the hu- man condition, indeed giving promise of a better future for humankind. Th e academic refuge can of course be abused in wasteful daydreaming, idle pastimes or even academic arrogance. All of us who detest such abuses must, in our defense of academic freedom, continuously fi ght to secure its ideals. However, even uncompromised, academic freedom cannot ensure the delivery of what academia can off er society, neither to the academic society nor – more importantly – to the society at large. Especially in science and technology, more, much more, is required. Th is “much more” is not to be solicited from society; we must solicit it from ourselves in the form of dedicated action. Passive refl ection must be paired with active observation; interaction between theory and practice must be promoted; iteration between building models and experimen- tal design must be employed; and dialogue between deduction and induction must be practiced. To be constructive, these endeavors require not only the abilities of the professionally trained re- searcher and the eager curiosity of the natural-born scholar but also a certain boldness. If limits are not tested, if well-known truths are not challenged, if mental faculties are not exercised vigorously, then the challenging questions posed – even the most important ones – are reduced to being solely academic. Scientifi c independence, a sibling to academic freedom, is an intellectual ideal very sensitive to its circumstances, and it may similarly wither away if it is left to self-indulgence and vain pride. Science and technology as research fi elds must responsibly and ethically live up to the highest standards of academic freedom and scientifi c independence to remain the justly admired disci- plines they are. Nevertheless, the intercourse between science and technology bears a much larger promise. Adding genuine creativity to action and boldness brings us to the pinnacle of engineering. Perhaps the fascinating wonders of engineering can only be grasped if the ABC ingredients are recognized and understood in this context. Further, perhaps this insight is also the key to realizing why the wonders of engineering harbor the only possible answer to the pressing challenges posed by today’s mounting problems and the only credible hope for a sustainable and livable future on this planet. I hope the readers of this book will be impressed, as I have been, by how DTU researchers actu- ally unfold the ABC of engineering. We will join forces with colleagues from all over the world to meet the engineering challenges of tomorrow, especially those related to energy, climate change and health. Lars Pallesen President DTU 2009 3 Contents Page Marine structures: consuming and producing energy .............................................................................. 6 Preben Terndrup Pedersen & Jørgen Juncher Jensen Sustainable energy – catalysis is part of the solution ............................................................................. 18 Ib Chorkendorff Wind energy research: crucial for takeoff .................................................................................................. 30 Erik Lundtang Petersen & Jens Nørkær Sørensen Fuel cells and electrolysis for converting renewable energy ................................................................ 40 Mogens Mogensen & Søren Linderoth Photonics engineering in a new light ......................................................................................................... 52 Lars Dittmann & Paul Michael Petersen Power plants: energy and environmental issues ..................................................................................... 62 Anker Degn Jensen & Peter Glarborg Buildings: consuming and conserving energy .......................................................................................... 72 Bjarne W. Olesen & Carsten Rode Biorefi neries: converting biomass into valuable products ..................................................................... 82 Irini Angelidaki & Kim Pilegaard Computer simulation: dynamical systems and multiscale modeling .................................................... 94 Per Christian Hansen, Jan S. Hesthaven & Jens Juul Rasmussen Waste and climate – energy recovery and greenhouse gases ............................................................... 106 Th omas H. Christensen Forecasting and optimizing transport ........................................................................................................ 116 Oli B.G. Madsen & Otto Anker Nielsen Towards a new grid infrastructure: Denmark as a full-scale laboratory .............................................. 128 Jacob Østergaard 4 TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK Page Changing energy systems to prevent climate change ............................................................................ 138 Kirsten Halsnæs & Hans Larsen Can we sustain fi sheries as the climate changes? .................................................................................. 148 Brian R. MacKenzie & Keith Brander The adventurous journey of Spaceship Earth .......................................................................................... 160 Henrik Svensmark Process design and production of chemicals, food ingredients, fuels and pharmaceuticals: multidisciplinary chemical engineering ..................................................................................................... 170 Anne S. Meyer, John M. Woodley & Rafi qul Gani Nutrition, genetics and health ..................................................................................................................... 180 Inge Tetens & Ulla Vogel Microorganisms – the good, the bad and the indispensable .................................................................. 190 Lone Gram & Frank Aarestrup Small molecules and medicine ....................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2018 Energy & Environmental Newsletters
    2018 Energy & Environmental Newsletters (1600± Studies, Reports & Articles on Energy, Environment, Education, etc.) The Alliance for Wise Energy Decisions (AWED) is an informal coalition of individuals and organizations interested in improving national, state, and local energy and environmental policies, world-wide. Our premise is that technical matters (like climate change, our energy options, etc.) should be addressed by using Real Science. (Please see WiseEnergy.org for more information). A key element of AWED’s efforts is public education. Towards that end, every 2-4 weeks we put together a Newsletter to try to balance what is found in the mainstream media about Energy and Environmental issues. (More recently we have also included articles about Science and Education.) We appreciate MasterResource for their assistance in publishing the Newsletters. Note 1: The Newsletters are intended to complement what’s on our website: WiseEnergy.org. Note 2: For links to other excellent sources of articles on Energy and Environmental matters please see the “Current News” page on our website. Note 3: The purpose of this extensive compilation is to make it easier to search for pertinent studies, reports and articles on a specific topic (e.g. wind energy interference with the military). It is advisable to try multiple search words — e.g. military, army, navy, etc. (Search terms are case insensitive over this HTML document.) Note 4: We originally verified that all the links below worked. — but over time these can change. If you find any errors, please email John Droz [aaprjohn at northnet dot org] and we will try to make corrections.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Global Climate Change
    1 U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Global Climate Change. https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/arctic-sea-ice/ 2 Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) First Assessment Report 1990, s 224. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/climate-change-the-ipcc-1990-and-1992-assessments/ 3 U.S. department of Energy, Projecting the Climatic Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide, December 1985, s 152. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5885458 4 Understanding Climate Change, A program for Action, National Academy of Sciences 1975, s. 148, https://ia801806.us.archive.org/7/items/understandingcli00unit/understandingcli00unit.pdf 5 Graf från Tony Heller, https://realclimatescience.com/2019/03/nasa-tampering-with-reykjavik-raw- temperature-data/. Aktuella temperaturdata för Reykjavik från NASA (justerade): https://data.giss.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/gistemp/stdata_show_v4.cgi?id=IC000004030&dt=1&ds=14 6 Ole Humlum, www.climate4you.com. Datakälla: HadCRUT4, Hadley Climate Research Unit, University of East Anglia. 7 Multisensor Analyzed Sea Ice Extent (MASIE) från National Ice Center (NIC) och Sea Ice Index (SII) från National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) tillhörande National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). https://www.climatedepot.com/2019/10/02/2019-arctic-ice-demise-deferred- again/ 8 Pan-Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) vid Polar Science Center. https://psc.apl.washington.edu/research/projects/arctic-sea-ice-volume-anomaly/ 9 United States Geological Survey. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glacierbaymap.gif 10 Jim Steele. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=270&v=UaZb0r4G_Gc 11 Jim Steele. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=270&v=UaZb0r4G_Gc 12 Polarportal.
    [Show full text]
  • Learning Through Replication in Climate Research Table of Contents
    Learning through replication in climate research R.E. Benestad, H.O. Hygen1, R. van Dorland, J. Cook, D. Nuccitelli, S. Lewandowsky, K. Hayhoe6 Supporting Material - Appendix Table of Contents Method - further details..............................................4 Replication demonstrations.........................................6 Questionable analytical set-up.....................................6 Selective use of data..................................................7 Curve-fitting...........................................................10 Biased analytical design............................................13 Ignoring negative tests.............................................16 Questionable presumptions.......................................20 Questionable representation in data...........................22 Looking at irrelevant aspects.....................................23 False dichotomies....................................................24 Circular reasoning....................................................29 Statistical errors......................................................33 Misinterpretation of statistical intervals.......................33 Failure to account for the actual degrees of freedom.....36 Misconceived mathematics........................................38 Incorrect interpretation of mathematics......................39 Implausible physics..................................................41 Lack of plausible physics...........................................41 Incomplete account of the physics..............................42
    [Show full text]
  • New Releases Miptv 09 Drama Kids +Youth Documentary Music+Arts
    new releases miptv 09 drama kids +youth documentary music+arts meet us at stand R. 30.19 danish broadcasting international www.drsales.dk corporation sales [email protected] Published by DR International Sales, ©2009 Design by DR Design Printed by Saloprint new Cover photo The Face of the Enemy releases miptv 09 drama 04 : lulu - the bankrobber’s wife 05 : black angels 05 : the press kids +youth 06 : mille 06 : young detectives 07 : isa’s stepz 07 : the royal racket documentary 08 : the face of the enemy 09 : the man who saved the world 09 : the red chapel - the movie 10 : researching antarctica 10 : bitter taste of tea 11 : the violent legacy of charles darwin 12 : brave new art world 13 : tattooed under fire 13 : living in obscurity 14 : love on delivery 14 : ticket to paradise 15 : the accidental terrorist 15 : lets be together 16 : a son’s sacrifice 16 : bronx princess 17 : roskilde 17 : Youth House 69 - inside the copenhagen riots 18 : the specialists 18 : flying like crazy in production 19 : blood on the mobile 19 : the presidency 20 : law of the jungle 20 : cities on speed 21 : love addiction 21 : the dark side of chocolate 22 : highlights music+arts drama : long series DR International Sales drama : short series DR International Sales DR Byen DR Byen kids Emil Holms Kanal 20 kids Emil Holms Kanal 20 +youth DK-0999 Copenhagen C +youth DK-0999 Copenhagen C documentary Denmark documentary Denmark music+arts tel. +45 3520 3040 music+arts tel. +45 3520 3040 04 fax +45 3520 3969 05 fax +45 3520 3969 www.drsales.dk www.drsales.dk [email protected] [email protected] lulu - the bankrobber’s wife black angels Director Óscar Jónasson Producer Margrét Jónasdóttir Produced by Sagafilm for RUV Duration 6 x 44 min.
    [Show full text]
  • Photonics Engineering in a New Light
    Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 17, 2017 Photonics engineering in a new light Petersen, Paul Michael; Dittmann, Lars Published in: Engineering Challenges Publication date: 2009 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Petersen, P. M., & Dittmann, L. (2009). Photonics engineering in a new light. In C. B. Hansen (Ed.), Engineering Challenges: energy, climate change & health (pp. 52-61). Kgs.Lyngby: Technical University of Denmark (DTU). (DTU research series). General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Engineering challenges energy, climate change & health Engineering challenges energy, climate change & health Previous publications in the DTU research series: Bridging from technology to society (2004) Engineering challenges energy, climate change &
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change: the Role of Flawed Science an Analysis by Peter Laut – November 2009
    Climate Change: The Role of Flawed Science An analysis by Peter Laut – November 2009 “My findings do not by any means rule out the existence of important links between solar activity and terrestrial climate. Such links have over the years been demonstrated by many authors. The sole objective of the present analysis is to draw attention to the fact that some of the widely publicized, apparent correlations do not properly reflect the underlying physical data.” From my article in Journal of Atmospheric and Solar‐Terrestrial Physics 2003 (see link given below) At the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen in December 2009 the nations of the world will discuss possible ways to slow down global climate change. The main goal will be to organize a coordinated reduction of man‐made greenhouse gas emissions. With all nations contributing according to their ability. But: Is global warming perhaps caused by the sun? An important question concerns the physical cause of global warming. Is it primarily caused by changes in solar activity or by man‐made greenhouse gasses? The answer has enormous consequences for the way mankind should react. If the dominant cause for global warming is solar activity, then there is no reason for mankind to waste resources in trying to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. And no reason to have the climate conference in Copenhagen. If, however, the dominant cause is man‐made greenhouse gasses, then a reduction of emissions may be absolutely necessary in order to prevent a global climate catastrophe. The overwhelming majority of scientists, represented by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), has for many years collected and analyzed observational data and carried out model simulations in order to resolve this question and has arrived at the conclusion that the results overwhelmingly point at the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere as the cause.
    [Show full text]
  • Learning Through Replication in Climate Research Table of Contents
    Learning through replication in climate research R.E. Benestad, H.O. Hygen1, R. van Dorland, J. Cook, D. Nuccitelli, S. Lewandowsky, K. Hayhoe6 Supporting Material - Appendix Table of Contents Method - further details..............................................4 Replication demonstrations.........................................6 Questionable analytical set-up.....................................6 Selective use of data..................................................7 Curve-fitting...........................................................10 Biased analytical design............................................13 Ignoring negative tests.............................................16 Questionable presumptions.......................................20 Questionable representation in data...........................22 Looking at irrelevant aspects.....................................23 False dichotomies....................................................24 Circular reasoning....................................................29 Statistical errors......................................................33 Misinterpretation of statistical intervals.......................33 Failure to account for the actual degrees of freedom.....36 Misconceived mathematics........................................38 Incorrect interpretation of mathematics......................39 Implausible physics..................................................41 Lack of plausible physics...........................................41 Incomplete account of the physics..............................42
    [Show full text]
  • Copernic Agent Search Results
    Copernic Agent Search Results Search: enterprisemission.com (All the words) Found: 1850 result(s) on _Full.Search Date: 7/17/2010 6:06:07 AM 1. The Enterprise Mission Richard Hoagland's breakthrough space website, featuring stories, links, and breaking news stories. ... How Phobos is The Key to a REAL 21st Century Space Program .... ... Preliminary Enterprise Mission Analysis... http://enterprisemission.com 97% 2. Richard C. Hoagland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Hoagland, Richard; Earth Rising over the Moon at enterprisemission.com ... Unless its a Hoax of a Different Color" at enterprisemission.com ... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_C._Hoagland 94% 3. The Enterprise Mission Return to Enterprise Mission Home - Logo Design By VAGraphics. .... [email protected], THE ENTERPRISE MISSION P.O. BOX 22008 ... http://www.bobwelch.com/The%20Enterprise%20Mission.htm 94% 4. Cosmic Preachers | News of Todays Cosmic Preachers Claim to Fame: Norway Spiral and the Denver Airport Murals. Lucas Stat Facts: Website 1: ... mbara2(at)enterprisemission.com. THE ENTERPRISE [...] Read more ... http://1mgp.com/ 93% 5. Enterprisemission.com Site Info enterprisemission.com is one of the top 100,000 sites in the world and is in the Hoagland,_Richard category http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/enterprisemission.com 93% 6. Paranormal Radio Talk Featuring Richard Hoagland and the ... Contact Richard Hoagland at [email protected]. Visit Richard Hoagland's website Enterprise Mission. [End]. Copyright 2004. http://www.psitalk.com/hoagland.html 93% 7. www.enterprisemission.com/images/IRUpdate/Thumbs.db http://www.enterprisemission.com/images/IRUpdate/Thumbs.db 93% 8. Black helicopters hover over Martian surface 2004/02/02 Letters 1+9 = conspiracy theory http://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/02/02/black_helicopters_hover_over_martian/ 92% 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Warming: Climate Orthodoxy Perpetuates a Hoax” Comes from an Oregonian Headline Writer
    THE OREGON CHAPTER of THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY Portland, Oregon USA GLOBAL WARMING Climate Orthodoxy perpetuates a Hoax January 25, 2012 Gordon J. Fulks, PhD Physics University of Chicago 1. Thank you for inviting us. The title of my talk: “Global Warming: Climate Orthodoxy perpetuates a Hoax” comes from an Oregonian headline writer. It was the title of my first Op-Ed in that newspaper. What was originally envisioned as a low-key scientific meeting to discuss an important topic of wide interest has now become an event that will be watched around the world. The Establishment in the promotion of Global Warming decreed in November that this meeting would not occur, because we three senior scientists did not meet their standards. That was a compliment. Thank you. Cancellation of meetings has become a standard tactic of Warmers who not only find themselves pressed to explain a cooling climate when their computer codes have repeatedly predicted a warming one but also completely unable to present any observed climate signature from the gradually increasing carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Instead of admitting this, Warmers promote carbon dioxide as an all-purpose explanation. A Greenpeace activist explained it so succinctly: “Global Warming can mean colder. It can mean wetter. It can mean drier. That's what we are talking about.” You would think that Warmers would disavow such nonsense. But they do not. There was a recent article in Physics Today titled “Global Warming could cause colder winters,” written by a PhD meteorologist. 2. Science like climate is ever changing. That is why scientific meetings like we are having today are important.
    [Show full text]
  • In Defense of CO2: Astro-Climatology, Climategate and Common Sense Revisited
    In Defense of CO2: Astro-Climatology, Climategate and Common Sense Revisited By Matthew Ehret-Kump Theme: Environment Global Research, August 10, 2021 In-depth Report: Climate Change All Global Research articles can be read in 51 languages by activating the “Translate Website” drop down menu on the top banner of our home page (Desktop version). Visit and follow us on Instagram at @crg_globalresearch. *** According to such modern climate experts asBill Gates, Greta Thunberg, Michael Bloomberg, Mark Carney, Al Gore, Alexandria Ocasio Cortez, Prince Charles and Klaus Schwab, carbon dioxide (CO2) must be stopped at all cost. Images of submerged cities, drowning polar bears and burning deserts taking over civilization flash before our eyes repeatedly in schools, mainstream media and films. The Paris Climate Accords demand that all nations reduce their emissions to pre-industrial levels and the upcoming COP27 Summit in the UK will certainly demand that these reductions be made legally binding and enforceable by new global governance mechanisms. But is CO2 really the existential threat it is being made out to be? I would like to take a few moments to entertain the hypothesis that we may be drinking some poisonous Kool-Aid in a modern-day Jonestown cult and we are just minutes away from a hearty “bottoms up”. While some of the questions and facts you are about to read are considered heretical in certain quarters, I think that history has shown that it is only by permitting the mind to question sacred cows at the risk of being denounced as “heretical” that any creative progress can be made.
    [Show full text]
  • CO2 = LIFE - NOT Climate Control!
    CO2 = LIFE - NOT Climate Control! The following is a summary of a 16-lesson course “Energy and the Planet (Global Temperatures in the 21st Century)” which I presented at the U3A Noosa from January to June 2018. John Turner B.Sc. Dip.Ed.; M. Ed.(Hons); Grad. Dip. Ed. Studies he objective of science is to study the universe in order to discover the basic laws of nature. T Observations and measurements of the natural world produce the data on which the validity of the science can be tested. Scientists are always debating or discussing the interpretation of data, and this is a crucial part of the advancement of scientific knowledge. The validity of a hypothesis can only be decided by the results of experiments. A hypothesis cannot be proved; it can only be disproved. If a hypothesis does not agree with the empirical data from experiments, then it is disproved and must be discarded. The cause of the Ice Ages was the subject of scientific debate in the 19th century. Two hypotheses were suggested to explain the severe changes in climate which occurred during those times. One was based on assumptions about the Earth’s changing astronomical cycles; the other on the assumption that certain gases in the atmosphere (particularly CO2) interfere with the emission of infrared radiation from the Earth’s surface, restricting the Earth’s ability to cool itself. Thus, it was assumed that an increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere would therefore cause global warming. The second hypothesis known as the “greenhouse effect” was refuted early in the 20th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Climatechange
    Climate!Change:!The!Role!of!Flawed!Science! An!analysis!by!Peter!Laut!–!November!2009! ! “My!findings!do!not!by!any!means!rule!out!the!existence!of!important!links!between!solar!activity!and! terrestrial! climate.! Such! links! have! over! the! years! been! demonstrated! by! many! authors.! The! sole! objective!of!the!present!analysis!is!to!draw!attention!to!the!fact!that!some!of!the!widely!publicized,! apparent!correlations!do!not!properly!reflect!the!underlying!physical!data.”! From!my!article!in!Journal!of!Atmospheric!and!Solar"Terrestrial!Physics!2003!(see!link!given!below)! ! At!the!United!Nations!Climate!Change!Conference!in!Copenhagen!in!December!2009!the!nations!of!the!world!will! discuss!possible!ways!to!slow!down!global!climate!change.!The!main!goal!will!be!to!organize!a!coordinated!reduction! of!man"made!greenhouse!gas!emissions.!With!all!nations!contributing!according!to!their!ability.!! ! But:!Is!global!warming!perhaps!caused!by!the!sun?! ! An! important! question! concerns! the! physical! cause! of! global! warming.! Is! it! primarily! caused! by! changes! in! solar! activity!or!by!man"made!greenhouse!gasses?!The!answer!has!enormous!consequences!for!the!way!mankind!should! react.! If! the! dominant! cause! for! global! warming! is! solar! activity,! then! there! is! no! reason! for! mankind! to! waste! resources! in! trying! to! reduce! greenhouse! gas! emissions.! And! no! reason! to! have! the! climate! conference! in! Copenhagen.!If,!however,!the!dominant!cause!is!man"made!greenhouse!gasses,!then!a!reduction!of!emissions!may!
    [Show full text]