Information Guide Albania
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Albanian Families' History and Heritage Making at the Crossroads of New
Voicing the stories of the excluded: Albanian families’ history and heritage making at the crossroads of new and old homes Eleni Vomvyla UCL Institute of Archaeology Thesis submitted for the award of Doctor in Philosophy in Cultural Heritage 2013 Declaration of originality I, Eleni Vomvyla confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Signature 2 To the five Albanian families for opening their homes and sharing their stories with me. 3 Abstract My research explores the dialectical relationship between identity and the conceptualisation/creation of history and heritage in migration by studying a socially excluded group in Greece, that of Albanian families. Even though the Albanian community has more than twenty years of presence in the country, its stories, often invested with otherness, remain hidden in the Greek ‘mono-cultural’ landscape. In opposition to these stigmatising discourses, my study draws on movements democratising the past and calling for engagements from below by endorsing the socially constructed nature of identity and the denationalisation of memory. A nine-month fieldwork with five Albanian families took place in their domestic and neighbourhood settings in the areas of Athens and Piraeus. Based on critical ethnography, data collection was derived from participant observation, conversational interviews and participatory techniques. From an individual and family group point of view the notion of habitus led to diverse conceptions of ethnic identity, taking transnational dimensions in families’ literal and metaphorical back- and-forth movements between Greece and Albania. -
Proper Language, Proper Citizen: Standard Practice and Linguistic Identity in Primary Education
Proper Language, Proper Citizen: Standard Linguistic Practice and Identity in Macedonian Primary Education by Amanda Carroll Greber A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures University of Toronto © Copyright by Amanda Carroll Greber 2013 Abstract Proper Language, Proper Citizen: Standard Linguistic Practice and Identity in Macedonian Primary Education Doctor of Philosophy 2013 Amanda Carroll Greber Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures University of Toronto This dissertation analyzes how the concept of the ideal citizen is shaped linguistically and visually in Macedonian textbooks and how this concept changes over time and in concert with changes in society. It is focused particularly on the role of primary education in the transmission of language, identity, and culture as part of the nation-building process. It is concerned with how schools construct linguistic norms in association with the construction of citizenship. The linguistic practices represented in textbooks depict “good language” and thus index also “good citizen.” Textbooks function as part of the broader sets of resources and practices with which education sets out to make citizens and thus they have an important role in shaping young people’s knowledge and feelings about the nation and nation-state, as well as language ideologies and practices. By analyzing the “ideal” citizen represented in a textbook we can begin to discern the goals of the government and society. To this end, I conduct a diachronic analysis of the Macedonian language used in elementary readers at several points from 1945 to 2000 using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. -
Notes and Transcript from Meeting of President Clinton and President
Clinton Presidential Records Mandatory Declassification Review This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff. Documents from this Mandatory Declassification Review were released in full. 9516610 THE SECRETARY OF STATE WASHINGTON September 8, 1995 CONn DEMT IAL DECL: 9/12/05 MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: Warren Christopherj/^ SUBJECT: Your Meeting with Albanian President Sali Berisha Albanian President Berisha's September 12 White House visit offers a key opportunity to press forward our major policy goals for Albania. We want to use Berisha's visit to urge a continued responsible regional policy; offer our help in building democratic institutions to protect human rights for all Albanians; and signal our support for the ongoing development of a free market economy in Albania. Long a friend of the U.S., Berisha shares these goals in principle. However, he expects more practical economic assistance than we can offer, and our priorities on some democracy issues do not always coincide. As our development aid is limited, we need to use it to expand our assistance on law and democracy, which Berisha says he welcomes, and to promote other activities that support the building of democratic institutions that can help ensure human rights for all Albanians, regardless of ethnic origin. Bosnian developments and the resettlement of Serbian refugees in Kosovo will significantly affect the dynamics of Berisha's visit. While voicing strong support for U.S. peace efforts, Berisha urges that a peace settlement address the Kosovo issue, specifically the plight of its ethnic Albanian majority. -
Youth Policy in Albania Council of Europe in 1997
ID 9540 Albania is the seventeenth country to have undergone an international review of its national youth policy, a series which was started by the Youth policy in Albania Council of Europe in 1997. The review was performed in 2009 during two one-week visits by a team of international experts working on the basis of the Albanian National Youth Strategy, published in 2007. The report focuses on three issues identified by the Albanian government: the law, delivery mechanisms and youth participation, and three issues identified as important by the review team itself: youth information, leisure-time activities and youth crime and justice. While reviewing the youth policy in Albania with special attention to theses issues, the international team came across a number of specific or cross-sectoral subjects (education, health, minorities, etc.) which helped depict a broad picture of the situation of young people in the country. Recommendations made by the international team, cover not only government action, but address steps to be taken by those who take part, at all levels, in the shaping of youth policy in Albania. Youth policy in Albania The Council of Europe has 47 member states, covering virtually the entire continent of Europe. It seeks to develop common democratic and legal principles based on the European Convention on Human Rights and other reference texts on the protection of individuals. Ever since it was founded in 1949, in the aftermath of the Second World War, the Council of Europe has symbolised reconciliation. ISBN 978-92-871-6823-8 Council of Europe Publishing €21/US$42 http://book.coe.int Youth policy in Albania Conclusions of the Council of Europe international review team Howard Williamson (Rapporteur) Zden˘ka Mas˘ková (Chair) Imse Nilsson Guy-Michel Brandtner Filip Coussée _ Srd Kis˘evic´ Council of Europe Publishing The opinions expressed in this work are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe. -
Euro European and International Law National
JURIDICA European and International Law Governance of Human Rights in Albania Kasem CENAJ1, Myzafer ELEZI 2 Abstract: Restriction or control of democratic process itself for the executive power constitutes the essence of good governance and fair. As related to the quality of governance, are also issues of guarantees, respect and protection of fundamental freedoms and human rights. Significant role, in the process of governance, has the right to information, the right to dialogue, participation, those actions related to public activity. European Convention of Human Rights is the basic principles of all member states of the Council of Europe, to show and measured democracies values, peace and justice. All member countries, including Albania have included in the normative provisions, laws on human rights, based on the principles and decisions of the European Convention on Human Rights, which was developed in the 4 November 1950. The purpose of the article is to give an overview of governance of human rights in Albania. For the realization of the article are exploiting academic publications and official reports of important organizations and institutions. The article made analyze of important international Convents of Human Rights and the legal framework of human rights in Albania, to evaluate the governance of human rights. Keywords: human rights; governance; European Convent of Human Right; Albanian Constitution; Committee of Helsinki 1. Introduction Governance is the complex logical operations within a body or entity in accordance with their properties and the district. Governance has to do with the structure, practices and character of leadership, management, supervision, and care exercised by taking responsibility for a particular entity, in order to effectively carry out its mission, and to meet its goals and objectives. -
Refugee Documentation Centre
March 2015 Refugee Documentation Centre Country Information Pack ALBANIA Disclaimer Country Information Packs (CIPs) are prepared by researching publicly accessible information currently available to the Refugee Documentation Centre within time constraints. CIPs contain a selection of representative links to sources under a number of categories for use as Country of Origin Information. Links are correct at the time of publication. Please note that CIPs are not, and do not purport to be, exhaustive with regard to conditions in the countries surveyed or conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or protection. The General Human Rights Reports category contains links to information which may be useful for a number of the other categories. Contents 1. Nationality/Citizenship/Residency ............................................................. 2 2. Maps ......................................................................................................... 3 3. Local Information/Languages/Culture/Customs ......................................... 3 4. General Human Rights Reports ................................................................ 4 5. Conflict/Security ........................................................................................ 4 6. Minorities/Ethnic Groups ........................................................................... 5 7. Religion/Cults ............................................................................................ 7 8. Political ..................................................................................................... -
With an English Translation
THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOUNDED BY JAMES LOEB, LX,.D. EDITED BY fT. E. PAGE, C.H., LITT.D. E. CAPPS, PH.D., LL.D. tW. H. D. ROUSE, litt.d. A. POST, M.A. E. H. WARMINGTON, m.a., f.r.hist.soc. LIVY XIII BOOKS XLIII—XLV m^( LIYY WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION IN FOURTEEN VOLUMES XIII BOOKS XLIII—XLV TRANSLATED BY ALFRED C. SCHLESINGER, Ph.D. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OP CLASSICS IN OBERLIN COLLEGE LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS MCMLI Printed in Great Britain V.I3 TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE A FULLER report of the text is given in this vohmie than in the immediately preceding volume. The attempt has been made to present all emendations subsequent to the editio pri?iceps ; but a few repeated misspellings of proper names and similarly obvious corrections are not reported. A few of the emenda- tions of the princeps have been included exempli gratia. The apparatus of Giarratano (Titi Livi Ah Urhe Condita Libri XLI-XLF, Rome, 1933) has been constantly consulted, but not always followed. The maps are intended to show the location of all places mentioned in the volume, if the location is known. Kiepert's Atlas Antiquus has been used in preparing these maps ; places not located by Kiepert have a question-mark following the name. Where the name is spelled by Kiepert in a way conspicuously different from the Livy text, the Kiepert spelling will be found in parentheses in the Index. The map of Rome is taken from O. Richter, Topograpkie der Stadt Rom, Miinchen, Beck, 1901 (Iwan MuUer, Handbuch, III, 3), by kind permission of the pub- lishers. -
JOURNAL of LANGUAGE and LINGUISTIC STUDIES on the Use
Available online at www.jlls.org JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTIC STUDIES ISSN: 1305-578X Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(2), 915-923; 2021 On the use of some onomastics forms in the work Juvenilia by Mjeda a 1 Shyhrete Morina aUniversity of Gjakova “Fehmi Agani” Faculty of Education and Faculty of Philology, Gjakova 50000, Republic of Kosovo APA Citation: Morina, Sh. (2021). On the use of some onomastics forms in the work Juvenilia by Mjeda. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(2), 915-923. Doi: 10.52462/jlls.63 Submission Date:11/03/2021 Acceptance Date:20/05/2021 Abstract The purpose of thie paper is to present the use of some onomastics forms in the work “Juvenilia” by Ndre Mjeda. Thus, this paper aims to reflect the anthroponyms, toponyms, hydronyms, and ethnonyms used in Mjeda's work. In this way, the findings and uses that emerge the to Mjeda, will be discussed, and the number of their uses will be shown, as well as in terms of language will be compared with today's standard Albanian. In the poems of this collection we find the names of states, cities, mountains, and rivers, we find the names of people, etc. Based on the collected material and the analysis that we will do, we will be able to answer which names of places, events and people are included in the creativity of Mjeda, in order to discover at least some of their wealth in the field of onomastics. Therefore, we can say that these onomastic features play the role of a historical document on the basis of which social developments in certain periods can be ascertained. -
National Myths in Interdependence
National Myths in Interdependence: The Narratives of the Ancient Past among Macedonians and Albanians in the Republic of Macedonia after 1991 By Matvey Lomonosov Submitted to Central European University Nationalism Studies Program In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts CEU eTD Collection Advisor: Professor Maria Kovács Budapest, Hungary 2012 Abstract The scholarship on national mythology primarily focuses on the construction of historical narratives within separate “nations,” and oftentimes presents the particular national ist elites as single authors and undisputable controllers of mythological versions of the past. However, the authorship and authority of the dominant national ist elites in designing particular narratives of the communal history is limited. The national past, at least in non- totalitarian societies, is widely negotiated, and its interpretation is always heteroglot . The particular narratives that come out of the dominant elites’ “think-tanks” get into a polyphonic discursive milieu discussing the past. Thus they become addressed to alternative narratives, agree with them, deny them or reinterpret them. The existence of those “other” narratives as well as the others’ authorship constitutes a specific factor in shaping mythopoeic activities of dominant political and intellectual national elites. Then, achieving personal or “national” goals by nationalists usually means doing so at the expense or in relations to the others. If in this confrontation the rivals use historical myths, the evolution of the later will depend on mutual responses. Thus national historical myths are constructed in dialogue, contain voices of the others, and have “other” “authors” from within and from without the nation in addition to “own” dominant national ist elite. -
Interventions by the Roman Republic in Illyria 230 – 167 BC
Interventions by the Roman Republic in Illyria 230 – 167 BC Submitted by Jack James Willoughby, to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classics, September 2018. This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. (Signature) ……………………………………………………………………………… Page 1 of 181 Abstract This thesis aims to determine how and why Rome undertook a series of interventions in Illyria during the period of 230 – 167 BC. The thesis is based on a detailed examination and consideration of the ancient written sources and the subsequent historiography on the subject. The Roman interventions in Illyria during this period have traditionally been treated as a component of wider studies of Roman expansion, although Rome’s involvement in Illyria has recently been examined by Dzino in his 2010 work Illyricum in Roman Politics 229BC-AD68. This work examined the development and integration of Illyricum in Roman political discourse, in which the Roman interventions were a smaller component in the broader study. A study of the Roman interventions in Illyria during the period of 230 – 167 BC has never previously been treated on this scale, nor effectively with a synthesis of the various approaches and pieces of evidence that are now available. -
Albania by Gledis Gjipali
Albania by Gledis Gjipali Capital: Tirana Population: 3.1 million GNI/capita, PPP: US$8,640 Source: !e data above was provided by !e World Bank, World Development Indicators 2011. Nations in Transit Ratings and Averaged Scores 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Electoral Process 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.50 4.00 4.00 3.75 3.75 4.00 Civil Society 3.75 3.75 3.50 3.25 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Independent Media 4.00 4.00 3.75 4.00 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 4.00 4.00 Governance* 4.25 4.25 4.25 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a National Democratic 4.75 Governance n/a n/a n/a 4.25 4.00 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.50 Local Democratic 3.25 Governance n/a n/a n/a 3.25 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 3.00 Judicial Framework 4.25 and Independence 4.50 4.25 4.25 4.50 4.25 4.00 4.00 4.25 4.25 Corruption 5.25 5.00 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Democracy Score 4.25 4.17 4.13 4.04 3.79 3.82 3.82 3.82 3.93 4.04 * Starting with the 2005 edition, Freedom House introduced separate analysis and ratings for national democratic governance and local democratic governance to provide readers with more detailed and nuanced analysis of these two important subjects. -
Dissertation-Full Final Rackham Edit
STATE, LAW, AND REVOLUTION: AGRARIAN POWER AND THE NATIONAL STATE IN ALBANIA, 1850-1945 by Besnik Pula A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Sociology) in the University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor George P. Steinmetz, Chair Professor Howard A. Kimeldorf Professor Margaret R. Somers Professor Ronald Grigor Suny Professor Michael D. Kennedy, Brown University © Besnik Pula 2011 DEDICATION To my wife, Shpresa. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS As I ponder all the individuals that have had a role in making this dissertation see the light of day, I realize how difficult it is to properly recount the numerous ways and uncountable acts, large and small, with which others have shaped, supported, and directly or indirectly helped me arrive at this finished product. I was extremely fortunate to have had a group of exceptional historical social scientists as members of my committee, whose support carried me from my early days as a graduate student at Michigan through the years of research and writing of this dissertation. All these individuals have made tremendous efforts in giving me the best training a rookie graduate student in sociology can get. I can only hope to live up to the high standards they have set. My principal advisor, George Steinmetz, has played an enormous intellectual and mentoring role not only during the research and writing of this dissertation, but during my entire graduate career. George was patient enough to stick with me as I scrapped my original dissertation topic to end up working on the one here.