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Final ENTITLE Syllabus

Contract number: PITN---GA---2011---289374

Title: ENTITLE --- European Network of Political

Report number: D.1.1

Partner responsible Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona

Deliverable author Christos Zografos

Deliverable editor Giorgos Kallis

Delivery date January 2016

Dissemination level PUBLIC

Abstract This report outlines the syllabus for a 12-week, post-graduate course based on the courses offered during the ENTITLE training project. The syllabus is designed both to adapt to the needs of a taught course and for self-study. It also includes an Annex with an expanded reading list in political ecology, put together by Prof Julian Bloomer with contributions from members of the PESO email list.

This project benefited from EC funding under the Marie Curie Actions - Initial Training Networks - FP7 - PEOPLE - 2011; contract Nº 289374 - ENTITLE

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ...... 1 2. Teaching instructions ...... 2 3. Outline of classes ...... 3 Annex I: Expanded political ecology reading list ...... 9

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission.

1. Introduction

This syllabus is the product of ENTITLE training events, specifically summer schools and special intensive courses (SIC) conducted within the ENTITLE FP7 Initial Training Network project, which trained 12 PhD and seven post-doctoral researchers in the field of political ecology. Between 2012-2016, ENTITLE offered six SIC (in Manchester, Barcelona, Rome, and Berlin) and three summer schools (in Syros, Lund, and Istanbul), with a duration that varied between four and six days per event. Lectures and public events during those courses were recorded, and together with other audio-visual material generated by the project are made freely available both in the project’s website (http://www.politicalecology.eu under the “Media” tab) and at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_ROQZLIwFUl8i3BmUvQZ3g/featured.

For the purposes of this document, we have selected only some of the topics that were taught during those courses because the objective of the syllabus is to provide a relatively concise, 12-class course on political ecology. This document is not meant to provide an exhaustive list of all topics covered by political ecology (for this, one can check relevant textbooks or collections, such as Robbins (2012), Perault et al. (2015), and Peet et al. (2010) that are listed among the syllabus references), but a series of classes on major topics that were covered with ENTITLE training and resources for completing those classes. This syllabus has been widely distributed through project partners, will be further distributed through an ENTITLE project stand in the upcoming ‘Undisciplined Environments’ ENTITLE international conference in Stockholm (20-24 March 2016), and is made available through the project’s website.

At the end of the document, we have also added an Annex with an expanded reading list in political ecology, put together by Prof Julian Bloomer (Trinity College Dublin) through the PESO email list in political ecology with the assistance of that list’s coordinator Prof Josiah Heyman (University of Texas at El Paso) and the contribution of that list’s members who provided the information on the readings; a significant part of the expanded reading list comes from from Prof Simon Batterbury’s 2016 postgraduate course ‘Political Ecology of Development’ at the University of Melbourne. We greatly thank Professors Bloomer, Heyman and Batterbury for providing and accepting to include that list in this syllabus.

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 1

2. Teaching instructions

Objectives This syllabus introduces students to the multi-disciplinary field of political ecology, which considers the relevance of power and politics for shaping the relationship between humans and their environments. After taking this course, students should be able to identify and explain ways in which power and politics influence the human- environment relationship, analyse themselves socio-environmental issues under the lenses of political ecology, and conduct empirical research that leads to such an analysis.

Structure and content The course is broken down into three parts. The first part introduces students to the field and key concepts of political ecology, and sets out an analytical framework for conceptualising three main elements that are central to a political ecology understanding of human-environmental relations: society, and capitalism. The second part examines applications and variations of this framework upon different expressions of human-environment interactions. It considers the environmental implications of major economic activities (extractive industry, waste generation, etc.), the conflicts related to them and the ways in which power relations shape those conflicts and influence the capacity to both engage in conflict and create viable alternatives. The third part provides some tools for conducting and communicating political ecology research, and a final class that reflects on the role of political ecologists when engaging with policy and politics.

Using the syllabus This syllabus can be used for either teaching a course in a conventional way, e.g. in a class, or for self-study. Its 12 classes could be taken either in the course of 12-weeks (typically an academic semester in many university curricula) or in more concentrated forms (such as in the course of four weeks with e.g. three classes per week). Taught courses could use the syllabus conventionally, by asking students to read the readings before class, then discuss the readings in class and use the videos (in the classroom) to highlight important points related to each class, in a process facilitated by an instructor.

Self-study could follow the same process, i.e. first read the references for each class and then watch the videos to clarify key points, or invert this process, i.e. start with videos and explore more into depth the topic with text, depending on the inclination of students to better absorb audio-visual or written text – this is something that self-taught students could also experiment with at the beginning of the course, and may want to vary depending on the “communicability” of each lecture (video). For self-taught purposes, we would highly recommend that students try to form groups of collective self-study if possible. This could be operationalized by getting each student to read class readings first, then the group getting together to watch the video of the ENTITLE lecture and then hold a group discussion trying to clarify points to each other and reflect on what has been learned. If further questions arise that cannot be answered by the group after the end of each class, the group could try contacting (e.g. by email) academics relevant to their questions (e.g. identify them through the class readings) to ask for further references (textual or audio-visual) that could clarify points.

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 2

3. Outline of classes PART I: INTRODUCTION

Class 1: What is political ecology? ENTITLE tutors: • Paul Robbins (Nelson Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA) • Giorgos Kallis (Institute of and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain)

Readings: • Robbins, P. (2012). Political versus apolitical . Political ecology: A critical introduction (2nd edition), John Wiley & Sons, 11-24. • Peet, R., Robbins, P., & Watts, M. (2010). Global nature. Global political ecology, Routledge, 1-47.

ENTITLE audio-visual class support material for the class: • ENTITLE scholars: What is political ecology? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HLVE69QZt5w • Maria Kaika: Political ecology. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5PRfxNUBao • Paul Robbins: The ecology in political ecology. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E1QkulKOZ4c • Thomas Perreault: Corrientes, colonialismos y contradicciones: Repensando los raices y trayectorias de la ecología política [Currents, colonialisms and contradictions: Rethinking the roots and trajectories of political ecology]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mfsC-wfAEY

Class 2: Theorising nature-society-capitalism ENTITLE tutors: • Noel Castree (School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, UK) • Jason Moore (Sociology Department, Binghamton University SUNY, USA)

Readings: • Castree, N. (1995). The nature of produced nature: materiality and knowledge construction in Marxism. Antipode 27, 12-48 • Moore, J. W. (2010). ‘Amsterdam is Standing on Norway’ Part II: The Global North Atlantic in the Ecological Revolution of the Long Seventeenth Century, Journal of Agrarian Change 10(2), 188– 227

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Noel Castree: Theorising nature-society-capitalism. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=30eEEEP_3OM and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvIYPkL-klE • Jason Moore: The Capitalocene today and in the past. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MbOtBHOpr8

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 3

PART II: THEMES IN POLITICAL ECOLOGY

Class 3: The political ecology of energy and extraction ENTITLE tutors: • Gavin Bridge (Department of , Durham University, UK) • Stephan Bouzarovski (School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, UK)

Readings: • Bridge, G., & Le Billon, P. (2013). Oil. Cambridge: Polity. • Bouzarovski, S. (2009). East-Central Europe's changing energy landscapes: a place for geography. Area 41, 452-46

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Gavin Bridge: The political ecology of extractive resources. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5OzWlPauu0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=falGbCWbZU8 • Stephan Bouzarovski: Urban energy transitions and vulnerability. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OmsdSYdiUQc and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKGqcjPgrYo

Class 4: and waste ENTITLE tutors: • Amita Baviskar (Institute of Economic Growth, India) • Marco Armiero ( Lab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden)

Readings: • Baviskar, A. (2011). What the eye does not see: the Yamuna in the imagination of Delhi. Economic and Political Weekly, 46(50), 45-53 • Armiero, M., & D'Alisa, G. (2012). Rights of resistance: the garbage struggles for environmental justice in Campania, Italy. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 23(4), 52-68

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Amita Baviskar: Commodity Fictions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FA4lDssj_7s • Giacomo D’Alisa: Waste conflicts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0gcKZufT1I

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 4

Class 5: Environmental conflicts ENTITLE tutors: • Phil Woodhouse (Institute for Development Policy & Management, University of Manchester, UK) • Giorgos Kallis (Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain)

Readings: • Woodhouse, P. (2012). New investment, old challenges. Land deals and the water constraint in African agriculture. Journal of Peasant Studies, 39(3-4), 777-794 • Martinez-Alier, J., Kallis, G., Veuthey, S., Walter, M., & Temper, L. (2010). Social metabolism, ecological distribution conflicts, and valuation languages. , 70(2), 153-158

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Phil Woodhouse: Environmental conflict and land. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_zBhO9fDOlg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jw18Em3QOEE • Giorgos Kallis: Droughts, flood, and conflict. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ur6HHC1jceM • Beatriz Rodriguez, Joan Martinez Alier and Alf Hornborg: Ecologically unequal exchange and the ecological debt. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdPVw2GE7cg

Class 6: I: social movements and protest ENTITLE tutors: • Magnus Wennerhag (Department of Sociology and Work Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden) • Alex Loftus (Department of Geography King's College London, UK)

Readings: • Loftus, A. (2009). Intervening in the environment of the everyday. Geoforum 40, 326- 334 • Martínez-Alier, J. (2003). The of the poor: a study of ecological conflicts and valuation. Edward Elgar Publishing.

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Alex Loftus: Everyday environmentalism. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tXVwsBjsO0s and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iU62ni0FgNc

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 5

Class 7: Environmental politics II: activism ENTITLE tutors: • Marco Armiero (Environmental Humanities Lab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden) • Nükhet Sirman (Sociology Department, Boğaziçi University, Turkey)

Readings: • Armiero, M. (2008). Seeing like a protester: nature, power, and environmental struggles. Left History, 13(1) • Featherstone, D., & Korf, B. (2012). Introduction: Space, contestation and the political. Geoforum, 43(4), 663-668

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Marco Armiero: Seeing like a protester. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UCRaBqtAwsw • Nükhet Sirman: Feminist Perspectives and Transformative Politics in Turkey. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgnO_zRoCgM • Panel with Claudio Cattaneo and Giacomo D’Alisa. Activist research on political ecology. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJDUV5_Mj0k

Class 8: Urban political ecology ENTITLE tutors: • Maria Kaika (School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, UK) • Erik Swygendouw (School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, UK)

Readings: • Heyen, N., Kaika, M., & Swyngedouw, E. (2006). Urban political ecology: Politicizing the production of urban . In the nature of cities, Taylor & Francis, 1-20 • Kaika, M. (2005). City of flows. Modernity, nature and the city. Routledge, New York/London • Swyngedouw, E. (1996). The city as a hybrid: on nature, society and cyborg urbanization. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 7(2), 65-80

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Maria Kaika: Urban political ecology and radical alternatives. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DhxtIM5GPvk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lx0DUcO1_5I • Erik Swygendouw: Political ecology and the contested politics of . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5cLdosjnJY and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7e-vY9ySVeM

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 6

Class 9: Commons ENTITLE tutors: • Massimo De Angelis (School of Social Sciences, University of East London, UK) • Stavros Stavrides (School of Architecture, National Technical University of Athens, Greece)

Readings: • De Angelis, M. (2012). Crises, movements and commons. Borderlands E-Journal: New Spaces In The Humanities, 11(2), 4 • Stavrides, S. (2015). Common Space as Threshold Space: Urban Commoning in Struggles to Re-appropriate Public Space. Footprint – Commoning as Differentiated Publicness, Spring 2015, pp. 9-20

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Massimo De Angelis: Commons and social movements. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6_gTm5zUJo • Stavros Stavrides. of Crisis, Squares in Movement. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1dDpylQvG4

PART III: TOOLS FOR POLITICAL ECOLOGY RESEARCH

Class 10: Methods and methodologies ENTITLE tutors: • Giorgos Kallis (Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain) • Isabelle Anguelovski (Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain) • Rebecca Lave (Department of Geography, Indiana University Bloomington, USA)

Readings: • Kallis, G., Armiero, M., Bridge, G. (2012). Research Design Protocol. ENTITLE deliverable report D.2.1. Available at: http://www.politicalecology.eu/documents/courses/91-d-2-1-research-design- protocol/file • Gillham, B. (2000). The Research Interview. London: Continuum • Lave, R., Wilson, M.W., Barron, E.S., Biermann, C., Carey, M.A., Duvall, C.S., Johnson, L., Lane, K.M., McClintock, N., Munroe, D. and Pain, R. (2014). Intervention: Critical physical geography. The Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe canadien, 58(1), 1-10

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Giorgos Kallis: Methodological design for political ecology research. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIukM2VejHQ • Isabelle Anguelovski: Interviewing. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJJYMLgTOvw • Ayfer Bartu: Social . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRjE12p6SV8

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 7

Class 11: Communicating political ecology ENTITLE tutors: • Giorgos Kallis (Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain) • Michele Catanzaro (Independent Journalist and Science Writer) • Leah Temper (USC-Canada, Seeds of Survival Program, Canada)

Readings: • Curran Bernard, S. (2007). Story Basics. Documentary storytelling–Making stronger and more dramatic nonfiction films (2nd Edition), Elsevier, 15-32

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Giorgos Kallis: Communicating research to a scientific audience. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbzapVRaN0w and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IfvUqrcm6Q • Michelle Catanzaro: Science in popular media. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lJ7tVYdTaSs and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFfBc9HG9-U • Crafting the political ecology documentary, Leah Temper (SIC3 Barcelona). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8vcwE4wpRA and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pm5xwETGwCs

Class 12: What is the role of political ecologists? ENTITLE tutors: • Paul Robbins (Nelson Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA) • Stephanie Danielle Roth (Stop TTIP, European Citizens’ Initiative)

Readings: • Robbins, P. (2015). The Trickster Science. In: Perreault, T., Bridge, G., & McCarthy, J. (Eds.). The Routledge handbook of political ecology. Routledge, 89-101

ENTITLE audio-visual support material for the class: • Paul Robbins: How can Political Ecology change policy? The role and limitations of the social scientist. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6T-2nze7ig

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 8

Annex I: Expanded political ecology reading list 1. Adams, P., 1991, Odious debts: loose lending, corruption, and the third world's environmental legacy., London, Earthscan. 2. Adams, W.M. 2008. Green Development: environment and , Routledge, London (3rd edition) (library) 3. Adams, W.M. and Mulligan, M. (2003) (eds.) Decolonising Nature: strategies for conservation in a postcolonial era, Earthscan, London. (chapters go from Australia to Africa) 4. Adams, W.M., Watson, E.E. and Mutiso, S.K. 1997. Water, Rules and Gender: Water Rights in an Indigenous 5. Adams, WM 1996. Conservation and Development. In Adams WM, Goudie, AS and Orme AR The Physical Geography of Africa pp367-382 6. Adams, WM. 2001. Adams, W.M. (2008) Green Development: environment and sustainability in a developing world, Routledge, London 7. Adams, WM. 2004. Against Extinction. Earthscan. (best history of ) 8. Adger, N. 2000. Institutional adaptation to environmental risk under the transition Vietnam. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 90, 738-758. 9. Adger, Neil, Tor A. Benjaminsen, Katrina Brown, et al 2001 Advancing a Political Ecology of Global Environmental Discourses. Development and Change 32 4 draft - http://www.uea.ac.uk/env/cserge/publications/wp/gec/gec2000_10.pdf 10. Agarwal, A, S Narain & A Sharma. 1999 The Polluter Says Principle – the GEF. in Agarwal, A et al ed. Green Politics: Global Environmental Negotiations 1. Centre for Science and Environment, India. Chapter summaries at http://www.cseindia.org/html/extra/gen.htm 11. Agrawal A, Chhatre A, Hardin R. 2008. Changing Governance of the World's Forests. Science 320:1460 12. Agrawal, A. 2005 Environmentality , Intimate Government, and the Making of Environmental Subjects in Kumaon, India Current Anthropology 46, 2 13. Agrawal, A. 2005. Environmentality: technologies of government and the making of subjects. Duke University Press 14. Agrawal, A. and Gibson, C.C. 1999 Enchantment and Disenchantment: The role of community in conservation. World Development, Vol. 27, NO. 4, pp. 629-649. 15. Agrawal, A. and Sivaramakrishnan, K. (eds.) 2000 Agrarian environments : resources, representations, and rule in India. Durham, NC : Duke University Press. 16. Agrawal, B. (1997).’Environmental action, gender equity and women’s participation’. Development and change 28 (1):1-44. 17. Agyeman J, Robert D. Bullard and Bob Evans (eds.) 2003 Just sustainabilities: development in an unequal world. MIT Press. 18. Agyeman, J . 2005. Sustainable Communities and the Challenge of Environmental Justice . NYU Press. 19. Agyeman, J and Evans, B. (eds) 2003. Just Sustainabilities. Earthscan 20. Agyeman, J (2013) Introducing just sustainabilities: policy, planning and practice. London. Zed Books 21. Agyeman, J and McEntee, J (2014) ‘Moving the field of food justice forward through the lens of urban political ecology’ Geography Compass Vol. 8, Issue 3 pp 211–220

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 9

22. Aiyer, A. 2007. The Allure Of The Transnational: Notes on Some Aspects of the Political Economy of Water in India. 22, No. 4, pp. 640-658 23. Akimichi T, Ichikawa M (eds) (2008) Tonan-ajia-no-morini naniga okotte-irunoka [What is happening in the forests of Southeast Asia]. Jinbun Shoin, Tokyo. 24. Alam, Undala Z (2002) Questioning the Water Rationale: A Case Study of the Indus Waters Treaty. The Geographical Journal Vol. 168, No. 4, pp. 341-353 Ali, Saleem H (2008) Water Politics in South Asia: Technocratic cooperation and lasting security in the Indus Basin and Beyond Journal of International Affairs › Vol. 61 Nbr. 2, 25. Alexander, J. and McGregor, J. (2000) ‘Wildlife and politics: CAMPFIRE in Zimbabwe’ Development and Change 31, 3: pp. 605-607 26. Alimonda H (ed) (2006) Los tormentos de la materia: aportes para una ecología política latinoamericana [The torments of matter: contributions towards a Latin American political ecology]. CLACSO, Buenos Aires. 27. Alimonda H (ed) (2011) La naturaleza colonizada: ecología política y minería en América Latina [Colonized nature: political ecology and mining in Latin America]. CLACSO, Buenos Aires. 28. Alonso A, V Costa and D Maciel 2005 The Formation of the Brazilian Environmental Movement Working Paper 259, IDS 29. Arce, A and Long, N. (eds) 1999. Anthropology, Development and Modernities; Exploring Discourse, Counter-Tendencies and Violence. London: Routledge. 30. Ambinakudige S 2011 National Parks, coffee and NTFPs: the livelihood capabilities of Adivasis in Kodagu, India. J Political Ecology 18 Pp 1-10. PDF 31. Anderson E.N. and B Anderson 2011 Development and the Yucatec Maya in Quintana Roo: some successes and failures. J of Political Ecology 18. Pp 51-65. PDF 32. Andrew McWilliam and Elizabeth G. Traube (eds) 2011 Land and Life in Timor-Leste: Ethnographic Essays. ANU EPress download http://epress.anu.edu.au/titles/land- and-life-in-timor-leste 33. Angelo, H. and Wachsmuth, D. (2014), Urbanizing Urban Political Ecology: A Critique of Methodological Cityism. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. doi: 10.1111/1468-2427.12105 34. Annear C 2009 Navigating constricted channels: local cooption, coercion, and concentration under co-management, Mweru-Luapula fishery, Zambia. Journal of Political Ecology 16: 34-48. PDF 35. Anseeuw, W. (2013). The Rush for Land in Africa: Resource grabbing or green revolution? South African Journal of International Affairs, No. 20:1, 159-177. 36. Arce, A and Long, N. (eds) 1999. Anthropology, Development and Modernities; Exploring Discourse, Counter-Tendencies and Violence. London: Routledge. 37. Austin Dianne. Integrating Political Ecology and Community-Based Participatory Research on the U.S.-Mexico Border. in Engaged Political Ecologies Eds. Batterbury & Horowitz forthcoming 38. Bagla, Pallava (2010) Along the Indus River, Saber Rattling Over Water Security. Science 4 June 2010: Vol. 328 no. 5983 pp. 1226-1227 Barton JR, Staniford D 1998. Net deficits and the case for aquacultural geography. Area 30 (2): 145-155 39. Bakker K, Braun B, McCarthy J, 2005, "Hurricane Katrina and abandoned being" Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 23(6) 795 – 809 40. Bakker, K. (2003) ‘From archipelago to network: Urbanization and water privatization in the South’ The Geographical Journal 169(4), 328 - 341.

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 10

41. Bakker, K. (2007), The “Commons” Versus the “Commodity”: Alter-globalization, Anti-privatization and the Human Right to Water in the Global South. Antipode, 39, pp.430–455. 42. Bakker, K. 1999 The politics of hydropower: Developing the Mekong” Political Geography 18(2), 209 – 232. http://www.geog.ubc.ca/~bakker/Publications/ 43. Bakker, K. 2005 Neoliberalizing nature? Market environmentalism in water supply in England and Wales’ Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 95(3), 542 – 565. http://www.geog.ubc.ca/%7Ebakker/PDF/neoliberalizing.pdf 44. Bakker, K. and D. Hemson 2000 Privatising water: Hydropolitics in the new South Africa. South African Journal of Geography 82 (1), 3 12. http://www.geog.ubc.ca/~bakker/Publications/ 45. Bakker, K. and M. Kooy 2005 Splintered Networks? Water, Power, and Knowledge in Jakarta: 1870 – 1945 in M Gandy Hydropolis. Campus Verlag. http://www.geog.ubc.ca/~bakker/PDF/Kooy%20Bakker%20Batavia%20chapter.p df 46. Baland, J and Platteau, J-P 1996 Halting Degradation of Natural Resources. Oxford: Clarendon Press and FAO [ Introduction; Chapter 13; General Conclusion] download from http://www.fao.org/docrep/x5316e/x5316e00.htm 47. Baquedano M (2002) La ecología política en América Latina [Political ecology in Latin America]. Ilé 2 (2), 17–40. 48. Barnes, J., 2014. Cultivating the Nile: the everyday politics of water in Egypt. Duke University Press. 49. Barnett J and Adger N. 2007. , human security and violent conflict. Political Geography 26, 6, 639-655 50. Barney, K 2014. 'Ecological Knowledge and the Making of Plantation Concession Territories in Southern Laos. Conservation and Society 12(4): 352-363. http://www.conservationandsociety.org/article.asp?issn=0972- 4923;year=2014;volume=12;issue=4;spage=352;epage=363;aulast=Barney 51. Barrow, E, Gichohi H, Infield M. 2000 Rhetoric or Reality? A review of Community conservation policy and practice in E Africa,. Evaluating Eden series 5. London: IIED. (SB) 52. Baruah, B 1999. The Narmada Valley Project: displacement of local and impact on women. Natural Resources Forum, Vol. 23, No. 1: 81-84. 53. Bassett T 1988 The Political Ecology of Peasant-Herder Conflicts in Northern Ivory Coast, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 78 (3), 78 (3): pp. 453-472. 54. Bassett, T & Zueli, K.B. 2000. Environmental Discourses and the Ivorian Savanna. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90(1) 67-95 55. Bassett, T. 1988. The political ecology of peasant-herder conflicts in northern Ivory Coast. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 78 (3): pp. 453-472 56. Batterbury S (2004) Panelist remarks. Cultural and political ecology at the AAG century: application and impact in the world. Available at www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf. 57. Batterbury SPJ and Fernando JL 2004 A. Escobar. In Kitchen et al, Key Thinkers on Space and Place. Sage. www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf 58. Batterbury SPJ and JL Fernando. 2010. Arturo Escobar. In Hubbard P et al Key Contemporary thinkers on space and place. London: Sage. www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf 59. Batterbury SPJ and LS Horowitz. Forthcoming. Engaged Political Ecologies. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers.

The views expressed in this document are of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 11

60. Batterbury SPJ Interview http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apFTlnSPJQ0 61. Batterbury, S.P.J and J.L. Fernando. 2004. Arturo Escobar. In P. Hubbard, R. Kitchin and G. Valentine (eds.) Key contemporary theorists on space and place. London: Sage. www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf 62. Batterbury, S.P.J. 2001. Landscapes of diversity: a local political ecology of livelihood diversification in south-western Niger. Ecumene 8 (4): 437-464. www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf 63. Batterbury, S.P.J. 2004. The International Institute for Environment and Development: notes on a small office. Global Environmental Change. April. (not political ecology, but I though I would throw it in - www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf ) 64. Batterbury, S.P.J. 2008. Sustainable livelihoods: still being sought, ten years on. Presented at Sustainable Livelihoods Framework: ten years of researching the poor African Environments Programme workshop, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, 24th January 2008. 15pp. 65. Batterbury, S.P.J. 2016. Ecología política: relevancia, activismo y posibilidades de cambio. Ecología Política 50: 45-54 (Political ecology: relevance, activism, and possibilities for change- English version). 66. Batterbury, SPJ & Bebbington, AJ 1999. Environmental Histories, Access to Resources, and Landscape Change: an introduction. Land Degradation and Development 10 (4) 279-290 (online, intro at www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf ) 67. Batterbury, SPJ & T.Forsyth. 1999. Fighting Back: human adaptations in marginal environments Environment 41(6) 6-11, 25-30. (www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf) 68. Batterbury, SPJ & Warren, A. 2001. "Desertification". in N Smelser & P Baltes (eds.) The International Encyclopaedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier Press www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf 69. Batterbury, SPJ and Fernando, JL. 2006. Rescaling governance and the impacts of political and environmental decentralization: an introduction World Development 34 (11): 1851-1863 www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf 70. Batterbury, SPJ. 1998. Local Environmental Management, Land Degradation and the 'Gestion des Terroirs' Approach in West Africa; policies & pitfalls. Journal of International Development 10:871-898 (www.simonbatterbury.net/pubs.pdf) 71. Batterbury, SPJ. 1998. Local Environmental Management, Land Degradation and the ‘Gestion des Terroirs’ Approach in West Africa; policies & pitfalls Journal of International Development 10:871-898 72. Batterbury, SPJ. 2011. Sustainable Livelihoods; arrival, departure, and persistence. Sustainable Livelihood Highlights. Brighton: IDS. P2. ISSN 1460-4205. Presented at workshop on Sustainable Livelihoods, IDS, Sussex Univ, 26 Jan 2011. Shortened - longer version Here 73. Bebbington A et al 2008. Mining and Social Movements: Struggles Over Livelihood and Rural Territorial Development in the Andes World Development . 35 (12) http://people.ucsc.edu/~jbury/Publications/Bebbington,%20Bury%20et%20al,%2 02008,%20Mining%20and%20social%20movements,%20World%20Development. pdf 74. Bebbington A. 2013. Seminar, ANU http://vimeo.com/74912344 75. Bebbington A. Interview, 2011 http://www.mtnforum.org/sites/default/files/publication/files/mfbulletin2011_be bbington.pdf

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96. Beymer-Farris, B. and Bassett, T. 2013. Environmental narratives and politics in Tanzania’s Rufiji Delta: A reply to Burgess, et. al. Global Environmental Change 97. Biersack Aand JB. Greenberg, eds. 2006. ReImagining Political Ecology, Duke University Press 98. Birkenholtz, T. 2008. Contesting expertise: The politics of environmental knowledge in northern Indian groundwater practices. Geoforum 39: 466-482. 99. Birkenholtz, T. 2011. Network Political Ecology: Method and Theory in Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Research. Progress in 36: 295–315 100. Bixler , R.; J Dell’Angelo, O.Mfune and H. Roba. The political ecology of participatory conservation: institutions and discourse. Political Ecology Journal 22: 164-182. 101. Blaikie, P. 2008 Epilogue: Towards a future for political ecology that works. Geoforum. Volume 39, Issue 2, 765–772 102. Blaikie P 2012. Should some political ecology be useful? Geoforum 43 231–239 103. Blaikie, P 1995. Changing Environments or Changing Views? A Political Ecology for Developing Countries. Geography pp 203-214 104. Blaikie, P M 1985. The Political Economy of Soil Erosion. London: Longman [widely considered to be a classic statement of the political ecology perspective] 105. Blaikie, P M 1989 'Explanation and policy in land degradation and rehabilitation', Land Degradation and Rehabilitation, 1, 1 pp 23-28 106. Blaikie, P M 1995b Understanding Environmental Issues, 1-30 in, Morse, S and Stocking, M (eds) People and Environment. London: UCL Press [for a recent outline of Blaikie's view] 107. Blaikie, P M and Brookfield, H 1987. Land degradation and society. London 108. Blaikie, P. (1985) The Political Economy of Soil Erosion London, Longman 109. Blaikie, P. 1999 A Review of Political Ecology: Issues, Epistemology and analytical narratives. Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsgeographie 43 (3-4): 131-147. 110. Blaikie, P. 2006. Is small really beautiful? Community-based natural in Malawi and Botswana. World Development 34(11)1942-1957. 111. Blaikie, P., 2001. Social Nature, and in the South: Views from Verandah and Veld, in Castree, N., Braun, B. (eds), Social Nature: Theory, Practice and Politics, pp. 133-150. Oxford: Blackwell 112. Blaikie,P, J Cameron &D Seddon. 2002. Understanding 20 years of change in W- Central Nepal. World Development 30(7) 1270- 113. Bloomer, J. 2009. Using a political ecology framework to examine extra-legal livelihood strategies: a Lesotho-based case study of cultivation of and trade in cannabis. Journal of Political Ecology 16. Pp 49-69. PDF 114. Boechler, S. & Hansom, A.M. (eds.) A Political Ecology of Women, Water and Global Environmental Change, London and New York: Routledge 115. Bohle, H and H Funfgeld. 2007. The political ecology of violence in eastern Sri Lanka. Development and change 38(6) 665-687 116. Bohle, H and H Funfgeld. 2007. The political ecology of violence in eastern Sri Lanka. Development and Change 38(6) 665-687 117. Bolten C. 2009 The agricultural impasse: creating "normal" post- development in Northern Sierra Leone. J of Political Ecology 16 Pp 70-86. PDF 118. Borras Jr, S. M., & Franco, J. C. (2013). Global land grabbing and political reactions ‘from below’. Third World Quarterly, 34(9), 1723-1747. 119. Borras Jr, S. M., Hall, R., Scoones, I., White, B., & Wolford, W. (2011). Towards a better understanding of global land grabbing: an editorial introduction. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 38(2), 209-216.

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120. Borrini-Feyerabend, G., Farvar, M.T., Nguinguiri, J.C. and Ndangang, V.A. 2001 Co- management of natural resources: Organising, negotiating and learning-by-doing. GTZ and IUCN. Heidelberg: Kasparek Verlag http://nrm.massey.ac.nz/changelinks/cmnr.html (This volume is designed to assist conservation and development professionals involved in multi-stakeholder management of natural resources) 121. Bram Büscher 2014 Nature on the Move: The Value and Circulation of Liquid Nature and the Emergence of Fictitious Conservation New Proposals PDF 20-36 122. Braun B. 2005. Environmental issues: writing a more-than-human . Progress in Human Geography 29(5): 635-650 [PDF] 123. Braun B. and Castree, N. editors, 1999 Remaking reality. London: Routledge. (some useful chapters on the social constructionist perspective - explained in Demeritt's chapter) 124. Braun, B. 2002: The intemperate rainforest: nature, culture and power on Canada’s west coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. (various reviews available on-line) 125. Brechin SR, et al, 2003. Contested Nature: Promoting International with Social Justice in the Twenty-first Century. SUNY Press. details (includes ecotourism) 126. Brian C. Campbell and James R. Veteto. 2015. Free seeds and food sovereignty: anthropology and grassroots agrobiodiversity conservation strategies in the US South. Journal of Political Ecology 22: 445-465. PDF 127. Bridge G. 2004. Contested terrain: mining and the environment. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 29 205-59 128. Bridge, G. (2007) The Economy of Nature: from Political Ecology to the Social Construction of Nature. In Compendium of Economic Geography (Eds. Lee, Leyshon, McDowell and Sunley). Sage 129. Bridge, G. 2000 Local Dirt, Global Dreams: mining investment and land use change in Arizona. Local Environment 8(1) 61-83 130. Bridge, G. 2000 The Social of Resource Access and Environmental Impact: cases from the U.S. Copper Industry. Geoforum 31(2): 237-256 131. Bridge, G. 2007. Acts of enclosure: claim staking and land conversion in Guyana's gold fields. In Neoliberal Environments: false promises and unnatural consequences. Eds Heynen, McCarthy, Prudham and Robbins. Routledge. 132. Bridge, G. and P. McManus (2000) Sticks and Stones: Environmental Narratives and Discursive Regulation in the Forestry and Mining Industries. Antipode 32(1):10-47 133. Brock, K 1999 Implementing a Sustainable Livelihoods Framework for Policy Directed Research: Reflections From Practice in Mali IDS Working Papers - 90 http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/bookshop/wp.html 134. Brockington D, Igoe J. Eviction for Conservation: A Global Overview. Conservat Soc [serial online] 2006 [cited 2016 Apr 25];4:424-70. Available from: http://www.conservationandsociety.org/text.asp?2006/4/3/424/49276 135. Brockington D. 2008. ‘Powerful Environmentalisms. Conservation, Celebrity and Capitalism.’ Media, Culture and Society 30 (4): 551-568. PDF 136. Brockington D. 2008. Celebrity Conservation. Interpreting the Irwins. Media International Australia. 127: 96-108. PDF (3.3 MB) 137. Brockington, D. , 2009 Celebrity and the Environment. Fame, Wealth and Power in Conservation. Zed 138. Brockington, D. 2002. Fortress Conservation. The preservation of the Mkomazi Game Reserve. James Currey, African Issues series. Oxford

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139. Brockington, D., Duffy, R. and Igoe, J. 2008 Nature Unbound. Conservation, Capitalism and the Future of Protected Areas. Earthscan, London. 140. Brockington, D., J Igoe, K Schmidt-Soltau. 2006"Conservation, Human Rights and Poverty Reduction." Conservation Biology 20(1): 250-2 141. Brogden M, Greenberg J. 2003. The fight for the west: A political ecology of land use conflicts in Arizona. Human Organization, Fall 2003 142. Brown K Lapayade S. 2001. A livelihood from the forest. (Cameroon) J Int Dev 13: 1131-1149 143. Bryan, J. 2015. Participatory Mapping. In: Perreault, T., Bridge, G., and McCarthy, J. 2015. The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology. Oxon and N.Y., Routledge. Chap 19, 249-262 144. Bryant RL (2005) Nongovernmental Organizations in Environmental Struggles. Yale University Press, New Haven. 145. Bryant RL 1998 Power Knowledge and Political Ecology: a review, Progress in Physical Geography 22 pp 79-94 146. Bryant, R & Bailey, S. 1997. Multilateral Institutions. Pp76-102 In Bryant, R & Bailey, S. Third World Political Ecology. London: Routledge 147. Bryant, R L and Bailey, S 1997 Third World Political Ecology. London and New York: Routledge 148. Bryant, R L. 1997 The political ecology of forestry in Burma, 1824-1994. London : Hurst & Company. 149. Elliot JA. & M Campbell 2002. The environmental imprints and complexes of social dynamics in rural Africa: cases from Zimbabwe and Ghana. Geoforum 150. Bryant, R. (ed.) 2016 International Handbook of Political Ecology. Edward Elgar 151. Bryant, R.L. (1998) ‘Power, knowledge and political ecology in the third world: A review Progress in Physical Geography 22, 1: 79-94 152. Bryant, R.L. 1997 Beyond the impasse: the power of political ecology in Third World environmental research. Area. 29, 1-15. 153. Bryant, R.L. and Bailey, S. (1997) Third World Political Ecology: An Introduction London, Routledge 154. Bryant, RL. 1992. Political Ecology: An emerging research agenda in Third-World studies. Political Geography 11, no. 1: 12-36. (now dated) 155. Bryceson, D, C Kay & J Mooij. 2000. (eds) Disappearing Peasantries? Rural labour in Africa, Asia and Latin America. London: IT Press. (see various chapters) (SB) 156. Bryceson, D.F. & Jamal, V. 1997. Farewell to farms: de-agrarianisation and employment in Africa. Aldershot: Ashgate Press. 157. Bryceson, D.F.. & Bank, L. 2001 End of an Era: Africa’s development policy parallax. Journal of Contemporary African Studies 19(1) 5-23 (library) 158. Bryceson, D.H. (1999) African rural labour, income diversification and livelihood approaches: a long term development perspective, Review of African Political Economy 80: 171-189. 159. Buckles, D. ed. 1999. Cultivating peace. Conflict and collaboration in natural resource management. Canada; IDRC. (useful local case studies) 160. Bullard, R. undated. Environmental justice in the 21st century. http://www.ejrc.cau.edu/ejinthe21century.htm 161. Bumpus, A. G. & Liverman, D. M. 2011. Carbon colonialism? Offsets, greenhouse gas reductions and, . In: Global Political Ecology (eds. R. Peet et al): 203-224. London: Routledge.

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162. Bury J (2008) Transnational corporations and livelihood transformations in the Peruvian Andes: an actor-oriented political ecology. Human Organisation 67, 307– 21. 163. Buscher B and Dietz T . 2005. The and the Conservation-development Nexus in Southern Africa TES 4(2) http://www.journal-tes.dk/vol_4_no_2/NO5_BR_l.PDF 164. Büscher, B. (2009) ‘Letters of Gold: Enabling Primitive Accumulation through Neoliberal Conservation’, Human Geography 2(3): 91–93. [order it from library] [interview] 165. Büscher, B. and Dressler, W. (2012) Commodity Conservation. The Restructuring of Community Conservation in South Africa and the Philippines. Geoforum. Vol 43(3): 367-376 166. Buscher, B., Brockington, D., Igoe, J., Neves, K. and Sullivan, S. 2012. Towards a consolidated critique of Neoliberal Biodiversity Conservation. Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 23 (2): 4-30. PDF 167. Buscher, B., Dressler, W., and Fletcher, R (2014). Nature™ Inc: New Frontiers of Environmental Conservation in the Neoliberal Age. Tuscon: University of Arizona Press. 168. Byrne J, L Glover and H F. Alroe. 2006 Globalization and sustainable development: a political ecology strategy to realize ecological justice. . In Niels Halberg et al (eds.), Global Development of Organic Agriculture: Challenges and Prospects. Oxfordshire : CABI Publishing. Pp. 49-74. 169. Cárdenas R 2012. Green multiculturalism: articulations of ethnic and environmental politics in a Colombian ‘black community’ J Peasant Studies 39 2 309-333 170. Carney, D. 1998.(ed) Sustainable Rural Livelihoods - what contribution can we make? London : DFID. (sb) 171. Carney LA, Robert A. Voeks.2003 Landscape legacies of the African diaspora in Brazil. Progress in Human Geography, 27, Number 2, pp. 139-152, 172. Caroline Seagle 2012 Inverting the impacts: Mining, conservation and sustainability claims near the Rio Tinto/QMM ilmenite mine in Southeast Madagascar J Peasant Studies 39 2 447-477 173. Carr, E.R. 2015 Political Ecology and Livelihoods. In: Perreault, T., Bridge, G., and McCarthy, J. 2015. The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology. Oxon and N.Y., Routledge. Chap 25, 332-342. 174. Carrier, J. and P. West (eds) (2009) Virtualism, Governance and Practice: Vision and Execution in Environmental Conservation. New York : Berghahn Books. 175. Castells, M 1997 The Power of Identity. Oxford: Blackwell (the classic author on new social movements. see Ch. 3 ) 176. Castree, N. 2005. Nature. Routledge Press. 177. Castree, N. 2014. Making Sense of Nature. New York: Routledge 178. Castree. Noel 2003 Environmental issues: relational ontologies and hybrid politics. Progress in Human Geography, 27, Number 2 , pp. 203-211 179. Chambers R 2004 Ideas for Development: Reflecting Forwards IDS Working Paper 238 180. Chambers R. Ideas for development. Practical Action books. 181. Chambers, R. 1997 Whose Reality Counts? Putting the first last. London: Intermediate Technology Publications. 182. Chandima Daskon & Andrew McGregor 2012 Cultural Capital and Sustainable Livelihoods in Sri Lanka's Rural Villages: Towards Culturally Aware Development. Journal of Development Studies 48 4 pages 549-563

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201. Dalby, Simon 2002 Conflict, Ecology and the Politics of Environmental Security. Global Environmental Politics, Vol. 2 (4), p125-131 [review essay] 202. Daly H E. 1994 Farewell Lecture To the World Bank. January 14. http://www.dieoff.org/page64.htm George Sand F Sabelli, 1994 Faith and Credit: The World Bank's Secular Empire (London: Penguin,). 203. Daly, H E. 1991. Steady-State Economics, 2nd Edition (Washington, DC: Island Press,), Chapter 13 pp. 241-60 204. Daly, Herman 1994 `Fostering Environmentally Sustainable Development: Four Parting Suggestions for the World Bank' Ecological Economics 10, 3, pp. 183-87. 205. de Castro F , DG McGrath. 2003 Moving toward sustainability in the local management of floodplain lake fisheries in the Brazilian Amazon. Human Organization. 62, 2;123 – 206. Depietri, Y., Kallis, G., Baró, F. and Cattaneo, C., 2016. The urban political ecology of ecosystem services: The case of Barcelona. Ecological Economics, 125, pp.83-100. 207. De Schutter, O. (2009). Large-scale land acquisitions and leases: A set of core principles and measures to address the human rights challenge. United 208. De Schutter, O. (2011). How not to think of land-grabbing: Three Critiques of large- scale investments in farmland, The Journal of Peasant Studies, 38:2, 249 – 279. 209. Demeritt, D. 1994: The nature of metaphors in cultural geography and . Progress in Human Geography 18, 163–85 210. Derman B, A Ferguson 2003 Value of water: Political ecology and water reform in Southern Africa Human Organization 62 (3): 277- 211. DFID's website and clearinghouse- Livelihoods Connect http://www.livelihoods.org/ 212. Dietz Tom 2001 Thinking about environmental conflicts. In Lisa M. Kadous (ed.). Celebrating Scholarship. Fairfax, Virginia: George Mason Univ. http://www.dietzkalof.org/Thinking_about_environmental_conflict.pdf 213. Diprose, G. & McGregor, A. 2009 Dissolving the sugar fields: Land reform and resistance identities in the Philippines. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 30, 52-69. 214. Dixon, R. and McGregor, A. (2011), Grassroots Development and Upwards Accountabilities: Tensions in the Reconstruction of Aceh's Fishing Industry. Development and Change, 42: 1349–1377. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7660.2011.01739.x 215. Dooliitle AA 2005. Property and Politics in Sabah, Malaysia: Native Struggles over Land Rights. University of Washington Press. 216. Doornbos, M., Saith, A. and White, B. 2000 Forest Lives and Struggles: An introduction. Development and Change, 31, 1, pp. 1-10 217. Dowie, M 1995 Losing Ground: American Environmentalism at the End of the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press Dwived, Ranjit (1999). Displacement, risks and resistance: Local perceptions and actions on the Sardar Sarovar (Gujarat), India. Development and Change 30(1)(January) 218. Dressler, W. and B. Buscher. 2008. Market triumphalism and the CBNRM ‘crises’ at the South African section of the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park. Geoforum 39: 452–465. 219. Dressler, W., Büscher, B., Schoon, M., Brockington, D. Hayes, T. Kull, C., McCarthy, J. and Streshta, K. (2010) From Hope to Crisis and Back? A Critical History of the Global CBNRM Narrative. Environmental Conservation. Vol. 37(1):1-11.

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279. Fratkin E, Robin Mearns. 2003 Sustainability and pastoral livelihoods: Lessons from East African Maasai and Mongolia Human Organization. 62, 2; p. 112 280. Freidberg, S., 2004. French beans and food scares: Culture and commerce in an anxious age. Oxford University Press 281. Friedmann, J. and Rangan, H. (eds.): 1993. Defense of Livelihood: Comparative Studies on Environmental Action. Kumarian Press West Hartford, Connecticut 282. Galt, R . 2009. -"It just goes to kill Ticos": national market regulation and the political ecology of farmers' pesticide use in Costa Rica. J of Political Ecology. 16 Pp 1-33. PDF 283. Galt, Ryan E. 2013. Placing agrifood systems in first world political ecology: a review and research agenda. Geography Compass 7(9): 637-658 284. Gandy, M. 2002 Concrete and Clay, MIT Press (water supply to New York - widely reviewed) 285. Gardner Benjamin 2012 Tourism and the politics of the global land grab in Tanzania: markets, appropriation and recognition J Peasant Studies 39 2 377-402 286. Gaventa, J. 2006. Finding the spaces for change: a power analysis. IDS Bulletin 37:23-33. 287. Gedicks, Al. 2001. Foreword, Introduction: A World out of Balance and Chapter 1: Scouring the Globe, in Resources Rebels: Native Challenges to Mining and Oil Corporations. Cambridge, Massachusetts: South End Press, pp. vi-40 288. George, S. & Sabelli, F., 1994, Faith and credit: the World Bank's secular empire. London, Penguin. 289. Gezon, LL 1997 Political ecology and conflict in Ankarana, Madagascar, Ethnology 36 2 85-100 290. Ghai, D. and Vivian, J.M. (eds.) 1992. Grassroots environmental action : people's participation in sustainable development. New York: Routledge. 291. Glennon R. 2002 Water Follies: Groundwater Pumping and the Fate of America's Fresh Waters. Island Press. 292. Glover D 2007 Monsanto and Smallholder Farmers: A Case Study on Corporate Accountability Working Paper 277 IDS 293. Goldman, M. 2001 The Birth of a Discipline: Producing Authoritative Green Knowledge for the World (Bank). Ethnography, 2(2): 191-217. 294. Goldman, M. 2004. Eco- and Other Transnational Practices of a ‘Green’ World Bank. in Liberation Ecologies 2nd edition. Richard Peet and Michael Watts, eds. London: Routledge. 295. Goldman, M. 2005. Imperial Nature: The World Bank and Struggles for Social Justice in the Age of Globalization. Yale University Press 296. Goldman, Michael (2007) “How ‘Water for All’ Became Hegemonic: The Power of the World Bank and its Transnational Policy Networks,” Geoforum 38: 786-800. br johnson water.pdf (1.146 MB) 297. Graner E (1997) Political Ecology of Community Forestry in Nepal. Verlag für Entwicklungsforschung, Freiburg. 298. Gray, L. 2002. Environmental policy, land rights, and conflict: rethinking community natural resource management programs in Burkina Faso. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 20, p67 - 182 299. Greenberg, James B.1998 The Tragedy of Commoditization: Political Ecology of the Colorado River Delta's Destruction. Research in Economic Anthropology 19:133-149. 300. Grossman, L 1998 The political ecology of bananas : contract farming, peasants, and agrarian change in the eastern Caribbean Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina

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301. Gudynas E (2010) La ecología política del progresismo sudamericano: los límites del progreso y la renovación verde de la izquierda [The political ecology of South American progressivism: the limits of progress and the green renewal of the left]. Sin Permiso 8, 147–67. 302. Guldbrandsen, Thaddeus C. and Holland, Dorothy, C. 2001. Encounters with the super-citizen: , environmental activism, and the American Heritage Rivers Initiative. Anthropological Quarterly 74(3): 124-134. 303. Hackenberg RA, N Benequista. 2001. The future of an imagined community: Trailer parks, tree huggers, and trinational forces collide in the southern Arizona borderlands. Human Organization. 60, 2; p. 153 (actually an urban study of Benson AZ) 304. Hall D, Hirsch P, T Li. 2011. Powers of Exclusion: land dilemmas in South East Asia. University of Hawaii Press. (good book on general tenure issues) 305. Hall, D.2003. The international political ecology of industrial shrimp aquaculture and industrial plantation forestry in SE Asia. J of SE Asian Studies 34. 251-264 306. Hall, R. (2011). Land grabbing in Southern Africa: the many faces of the investor rush. Review of African Political Economy, 38(128), 193-214. 307. Hall, R., Edelman, M., Borras Jr, S.M., Scoones, I., White, B. (2015). Resistance, acquiescence or incorporation? An introduction to land grabbing and political reactions ‘from below’, The Journal of Peasant Studies, 42: 3-4, 467-488 308. Hannigan, J 1995 Environmental Sociology: A Social Constructionist Perspective. London and New York: Routledge Ch. 2, pp. 32-57. 309. Harvey D 2008 The Right to the city. New Left Review 53 23-40. 310. Harvey, D. (2004). The 'new' imperialism: accumulation by dispossession. Socialist Register 40: 63-87.Hofman Irna and Peter Ho China's ‘Developmental Outsourcing’: A critical examination of Chinese global ‘land grabs’ discourse, Journal of Peasant Studies http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/fjps20/current.. 311. Harvey, D. 1999 The Environment of Justice. In Fisher F. and Hajer M.A. (eds.) Living with Nature: Environmental Politics as Cultural Discourse. New York: Oxford University Press. 312. Hasler, R. 1999. An Overview of the Social, Ecological and Economic Achievements and Challenges of Zimbabwe’s CAMPFIRE programme. Evaluating Eden Series Discussion Paper 3. London: IIED 313. Héctor Alimonda 2015 Mining in Latin America: Coloniality and Degradation in Ray Bryant (ed) . International Handbook of Political Ecology London: E Elgar 314. Heynen N 2003 The Scalar Production of Injustice within the Urban Forest. Antipode: A Journal of Radical Geography 315. Heynen, N., 2006. “Justice of Eating in the City: The Political Ecology of Urban Hunger.” In N. Heynen, M. Kaika and E. Swyngedouw (Eds.) In the Nature of Cities: Urban Political Ecology and the Politics of Urban Metabolism. London: Routledge. pp 129-142. 316. Heynen, N., 2006. Green Urban Political Ecologies: Toward a Better Understanding of Inner City Environmental Change. Environment and Planning A. 38(3): 499 – 516 317. Heynen, N., 2013. Urban political ecology I: The urban century. Progress in Human Geography, p.0309132513500443. 318. Heynen, N., H.A. Perkins and P. Roy , 2006. The Political Ecology of Uneven Urban Green Space: The Impact of Political Economy on Race and Ethnicity in Producing Environmental Inequality in Milwaukee. Urban Affairs Review. 42(1): 3-25.

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