And Turkish Languages: the Comparision of Vocabulary."
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The Qing Challenge in Chosŏn Korea
Readings from Asia The Qing Challenge in Chosŏn Korea Yuanchong Wang, University of Delaware Wang, Yuanchong. 2019. “The Qing Challenge in Chosŏn Korea.” Cross-Currents: East Asian History and Culture Review 33: 253–260. https://cross-currents.berkeley.edu/e-journal/issue- 33/readings-asia. Sun Weiguo 孫衛國 . Cong “zun Ming” dao “feng Qing”: Chaoxian wangchao dui Qing yishi de shanbian, 1627–1910 從 “ 尊明 ” 到 “ 奉清 ” : 朝鮮王朝對清意識的嬗變 , 1627–1910 [From “honoring the Ming” to “submitting to the Qing”: The transformation of Chosŏn Korea’s attitude toward Qing China, 1627–1910]. Taipei: Taida chuban zhongxin, 2018. 580 pp. ISBN: 9789863503088. In 1637, the Manchu-ruled Great Qing Country (Manchu Daicing gurun, Ch. Da Qing guo 大清國 ), founded in 1636, invaded and conquered its neighboring country, the Chosŏn kingdom of Korea. After Chosŏn then changed from being a tributary state of the Ming dynasty of China (1368–1644), a bilateral relationship officially established in 1401, to a tributary state of the Great Qing. The relationship between the Qing and Chosŏn lasted for 258 years until it was terminated by the Sino-Japanese Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895. Within the hierarchical Sinocentric framework, to which scholars generally refer in English as the “tributary system,” Koreans had regarded Chosŏn as “Little China” (Xiao Zhonghua 小中華 ) since the Ming period and treated the Jurchens (who changed their name to “Manchu” in the early 1630s) in Manchuria as barbarians. The Sinocentric framework determined that the political legitimacy of Chosŏn, in particular the kingship, came from the imperial acknowledgment by the Chinese court conspicuously represented by the Chinese emperor’s investiture of the Korean king. -
The Construction of Asian Americans As Foreigners
Smith ScholarWorks Theses, Dissertations, and Projects 2013 A guest in someone else's house : the construction of Asian Americans as foreigners Deepa Ranganathan Smith College Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.smith.edu/theses Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Ranganathan, Deepa, "A guest in someone else's house : the construction of Asian Americans as foreigners" (2013). Masters Thesis, Smith College, Northampton, MA. https://scholarworks.smith.edu/theses/987 This Masters Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations, and Projects by an authorized administrator of Smith ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Deepa Ranganathan A Guest in Someone Else’s House: The Construction of Asian Americans as Foreigners ABSTRACT Social workers, like many people, wrongly tend to think of Asian Americans as beings exempt from the problems of racism. The social work profession considers “race” to be a property inhering almost solely in African Americans. Meanwhile, the profession assigns the property of foreign “culture” primarily to Asian Americans. This thesis uses the work of Critical Race Theory (CRT) scholars to show that social workers, in presuming that Asian Americans are a class of people who are essentially foreign, are actually reproducing a form of exclusionist racism that Asian Americans have faced for generations. A partial solution to this problem might involve social workers’ educating themselves about way racism manifests in the lives of Asian Americans. However, this thesis relies on the work of several poststructuralist scholars to show that, to fulfill their ethical obligation to combat oppression, social workers must also know something of the way identity is constructed—how the power relations between those designated “normal” and those designated “other” mutually maintain a system of conflict and opposition that holds everyone in artificially fixed and limiting positions. -
Rediscovering the Idea of Cultural Heritage and the Relationship with Nature: Four Schools of Essential Thought of the Ancient Han Chinese
heritage Article Rediscovering the Idea of Cultural Heritage and the Relationship with Nature: Four Schools of Essential Thought of the Ancient Han Chinese Otto Chen * and Dawei Han Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-117-903-5428 Received: 12 June 2019; Accepted: 28 June 2019; Published: 3 July 2019 Abstract: After a long-standing debate of pluralism in heritage conservation, the global practice has just started to broaden its view from material to people and even to nature, leading to the potential of a more comprehensive understanding and harmony between these spheres. Notwithstanding that the shift from material to people and then to nature seemingly looks like the only path in the modern heritage conservation movement to achieve the foregoing goals, in fact, there exist some regional cultures that originally featured particular views on human–nature harmony. This paper hence highlights the regional difference in heritage with a focus on China of ancient times, which unfolds the particular perspective emphasising the unity of human and nature. With a case study of Huaqing Palace of the Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE), the research is expected to be the first attempt to rediscover that the four schools of thought, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism and I Ching, had jointly formed a “wisdom” system of the ancient Han Chinese in shaping the idea of cultural heritage, as well as the idea of heritage conservation, which were inherited by modern Chinese without knowing and recognising it. The paper, therefore, argues that without understanding and acknowledging the significance of the ancient Han Chinese’s particular view on nature and the universe formed by the four schools of thought behind the material, it is not likely to protect and promote comprehensively their heritage value, such that the importance of cultural diversity will be just rhetoric. -
Dan-Gun Dan-Gun Is Named After the Holy Dan-Gun, the Legendary Founder of Korea in the Year of 2333 B.C
Dan-Gun Dan-Gun is named after the holy Dan-Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in the year of 2333 B.C. The history of the Dan-Gun Dangun Wanggeom was the legendary founder of Gojoseon, the first kingdom of Korea, in present-day Liaoning, Manchuria, and the Korean Peninsula. He is said to be the grandson of the god of heaven, and to have founded the kingdom in 2333 BC. Although the term Dangun commonly refers to the founder, some believe it was a title used by all rulers of Gojoseon, and that Wanggeom was the proper name of the founder. Dangun’s ancestry begins with his grandfather Hwanin, the “Lord of Heaven” (a name which also appears in Indian Buddhist texts). Hwanin had a son Hwanung who yearned to live on the earth among the valleys and the mountains. Hwanin permitted Hwanung and 3000 followers to descend onto Baekdu Mountain, then called Taebaek Mountain, where Hwanung founded Sinsi (“City of God”). Along with his ministers of clouds, rain, and wind, he instituted laws and moral codes and taught humans various arts, medicine, and agriculture. One day both a bear and a tiger came to Hwanung’s residence in prayer and asked to be transformed into humans. The god agreed to this gift but on the condition that they remain out of the sun for 100 days and eat only a sacred bunch of mug- worts and 20 garlic cloves. To this the animals agreed and followed his advice. The tiger was unable to keep up with the conditions, but the bear – a female called Ung- nyo – after only 21 days was transformed into a woman. -
The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Wai Kit Wicky Tse University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Tse, Wai Kit Wicky, "Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 589. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Abstract As a frontier region of the Qin-Han (221BCE-220CE) empire, the northwest was a new territory to the Chinese realm. Until the Later Han (25-220CE) times, some portions of the northwestern region had only been part of imperial soil for one hundred years. Its coalescence into the Chinese empire was a product of long-term expansion and conquest, which arguably defined the egionr 's military nature. Furthermore, in the harsh natural environment of the region, only tough people could survive, and unsurprisingly, the region fostered vigorous warriors. Mixed culture and multi-ethnicity featured prominently in this highly militarized frontier society, which contrasted sharply with the imperial center that promoted unified cultural values and stood in the way of a greater degree of transregional integration. As this project shows, it was the northwesterners who went through a process of political peripheralization during the Later Han times played a harbinger role of the disintegration of the empire and eventually led to the breakdown of the early imperial system in Chinese history. -
Extensions of Remarks
17098 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK new hope that the people of Cambodia, Well, I have just returned-hopeful, and Laos, and Vietnam will regain some day encouraged-from visits to Poland and Hun their long-denied political and religious free gary, two nations on the threshold of histor HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN dom. Such hope has also returned for many ic change. And I can say to you: The old OF CALIFORNIA of our neighbors to the south. In Nicaragua ideas are blowing away. Freedom is in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and other Latin American nations, popular air. Monday, July 31, 1989 resistance to attempts at repression by local For forty years, Poland and Hungary en dictators-as well as resistance to political dured what's been called the dilemma of the Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, and military interference from Cuba and single alternative: one political party, one would like to call your attention to the Presi the Soviet Union-has proved to be formida definition of national interest, one social dent's proclamation regarding the captive na ble. and economic model. In short, one future tions of the world and also the eloquent In Eastern Europe, even as we see rays of prescribed by an alien ideology. light in some countries, we must recognize speech President Bush made last week in the But, in fact, that future meant no future. that brutal repression continues in other For it denied to individuals, choice; to soci White House Rose Garden to commemorate parts of the region, including the persecu eties, pluralism; and to nations, self-determi Captive Nations Week, 1989. -
Homecoming 2018 Crowns King and Queen Right: Ellie Von Lehmden and Drew Strottman Were Named 2018 Linn- Mar Homecoming Queen and King
LIFEoctober edition Homecoming 2018 crowns King and Queen Right: Ellie Von Lehmden and Drew Strottman were named 2018 Linn- Mar Homecoming Queen and King. Below: Homecoming Court included Front row: Ellie Von Lehmden, Jensen O’Shea, Alexa AbouAssaly, Tay- lor Turner, Emma Geneser, and Megan Renner. Back row: Tyler Oberbro- eckling, Drew Strottman, Kevin Drahos, Will Sherwood, Ian Crumley and Eli Havlik. Linn-Mar capitalizes on “big school” advantages By Sudeep Gadde overshadowed by even more talented funding from the Linn-Mar Booster New to Linn-Mar last year are blended There are over 20,000 public high students. It is much harder to earn a Club and are actively promoted classes, which offer students release schools in the United States and they spot on the drumline at Linn-Mar, for throughout the school. These clubs time and an opportunity to work more vary in size and income, usually example, than it would be at a smaller, help represent Linn-Mar in hundreds independently. One disadvantage to in correlation to their community less competitive school. This reality of high-school competitions across such a large school when it comes to size and wealth. As the community applies to other activities as well. Iowa. The prevalence of clubs at class offerings is that classes often fill grows, the schools become larger in More talent means more competition Linn-Mar offer both diversity and up quickly and students are not always order to accommodate more students. for lead roles in plays, for solos in opportunity to all students. It’s hard guaranteed to get the class they desire. -
The Progression of 20Th Century Immigration Law and The
1 When Law Labels Bandits: The Progression of 20th Century Immigration Law and the Italian Community’s Response, 1919-1965 A Senior Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for graduation with research distinction in History in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University by Brian Francesco Jordan The Ohio State University June 2012 Project Advisor: Professor Donna J. Guy, Department of History 2 Dedicated to: My grandparents, Frank D. and Joanne M. Casali, My great-grandparents Domenica and Domenico Casali and to the rest of my family. A Special Thanks: I would like to thank Professor Donna Guy for mentoring me throughout this research project, for assisting me in applying for an honors travel grant to perform archival research at the University of Minnesota Immigration History Research Center and for providing extensive editing and feedback on this thesis. This project would not have been possible without the excellent guidance and assistance from Professor Guy, which began during my second year at Ohio State. I would also like to thank Professor Judy Wu for agreeing to serve on my defense committee and providing her extensive feedback and editing. Moreover, I would like to thank Professor David Steigerwald for agreeing to serve on my committee and for reviewing my thesis. Finally, I would like to thank the members of the University of Minnesota Immigration History Research Center in allowing me to conduct research at their facility and providing assistance during my research. 3 Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………….4 Chapter 1……………………………………………………………………… 9 -Background: Law as a Barrier………………………………………….. 11 -The Johnson-Reed Act…...………………………………………………. -
The Double Bind: the Politics of Racial & Class Inequalities in the Americas
THE DOUBLE BIND: THE POLITICS OF RACIAL & CLASS INEQUALITIES IN THE AMERICAS Report of the Task Force on Racial and Social Class Inequalities in the Americas Edited by Juliet Hooker and Alvin B. Tillery, Jr. September 2016 American Political Science Association Washington, DC Full report available online at http://www.apsanet.org/inequalities Cover Design: Steven M. Eson Interior Layout: Drew Meadows Copyright ©2016 by the American Political Science Association 1527 New Hampshire Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20036 All rights reserved. ISBN 978-1-878147-41-7 (Executive Summary) ISBN 978-1-878147-42-4 (Full Report) Task Force Members Rodney E. Hero, University of California, Berkeley Juliet Hooker, University of Texas, Austin Alvin B. Tillery, Jr., Northwestern University Melina Altamirano, Duke University Keith Banting, Queen’s University Michael C. Dawson, University of Chicago Megan Ming Francis, University of Washington Paul Frymer, Princeton University Zoltan L. Hajnal, University of California, San Diego Mala Htun, University of New Mexico Vincent Hutchings, University of Michigan Michael Jones-Correa, University of Pennsylvania Jane Junn, University of Southern California Taeku Lee, University of California, Berkeley Mara Loveman, University of California, Berkeley Raúl Madrid, University of Texas at Austin Tianna S. Paschel, University of California, Berkeley Paul Pierson, University of California, Berkeley Joe Soss, University of Minnesota Debra Thompson, Northwestern University Guillermo Trejo, University of Notre Dame Jessica L. Trounstine, University of California, Merced Sophia Jordán Wallace, University of Washington Dorian Warren, Roosevelt Institute Vesla Weaver, Yale University Table of Contents Executive Summary The Double Bind: The Politics of Racial and Class Inequalities in the Americas . -
Civil Rights Issues Facing Asian Americans in the 1990S. IYSTITUTION Commission on Civil Rights, Washington, D.C
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 343 979 UD 028 599 AUTHOR Chun, Ki-Taek; Zalokar, Nadja TITLE Civil Rights Issues Facing Asian Americans in the 1990s. IYSTITUTION Commission on Civil Rights, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Feb 92 NOTE 245p. PUB TYPE Reports - Evaluative/Feasibility (142) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC10 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Access to Education; *Asian Americans; *Civil Rights; Educational Discrimination; Elementary Secondary Education; Equal Educetion; *Equal Opportunities (Jobs); Ethnic Discrimination; Higher Education; Immigrants; Minority Groups; *Policy Formation; Public Policy; Racial Bias; *Racial Discrimination; Violence IDENTIFIERS *Commission on Civil Rights ABSTRACT In 1989, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights held a series of roundtable conferences to learn about the civil rights concerns of Asian Americans within their communities. Using information gathered at these conferences as a point of departure, the Commission undertook this study of the wide-ranging civil rights issues facing Asian Americans in the 1990s. Asian American groups considered in the report are persons having origins in the Far East, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. This report presents the results of that investigation. Evidence is presented that Asian Americans face widespread prejudice, discrimination, and barriers to equal opportunity. The following chapters highlight specificareas: (1) "Introduction," an overview of the problems;(2) "Bigotry and Violence Against Asian Americans"; (3) "Police Community Relations"; (4) "Access to Educational Opportunity: Asian American Immigrant Children in Primary and Secondary Schools";(5) "Access to Educational Opportunity: Higher Education"; (6) "Employment Discrimination";(7) "Other Civil Rights Issues Confronting Asian AmericansH; and (8) "Conclusions and Recommendations." More than 40 recommendations for legislative, programmatic, and administrative efforts are made. -
Hebei Women's Normal Education Pioneers
Hebei Women’s Normal Education Pioneers Hebei Women’s Normal Education Pioneers: One Century’s Fragrant Trace of Wisdom By Jianbing Dai and Yongyan Wang Translated by Sumin Zhang Hebei Women’s Normal Education Pioneers: One Century’s Fragrant Trace of Wisdom By Jianbing Dai and Yongyan Wang Translated by Sumin Zhang This book first published 2019 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2019 by Jianbing Dai and Yongyan Wang All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-2209-1 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-2209-1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ....................................................................................................... vii Chapter One ................................................................................................. 1 Chinese Traditional Women 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Assisting One’s Husband 1.3 Educating One’s Children 1.4 Bearing Filial Piety to One’s Parents-in-Law Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 31 Modern Chinese Women’s Education 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The Development of Modern Women’s Education 2.3 Hebei Women’s Normal Education -
The Rise and Fall of the Hua-Yi System in East Asia
Journal of chinese humanities 5 (2019) 200-214 brill.com/joch The Rise and Fall of the Hua-Yi System in East Asia Han Dongyu 韓東育 Professor of History, Northeast Normal University, China [email protected] Abstract The Hua-Yi 華夷 system that spread in East Asia in the form of tribute relationships during the Ming dynasty [1368-1644] began as a system based on China’s perceived cultural superiority, but slowly evolved into a system centered on nationalism. Accordingly, the kinship networks embedded in the Hua-Yi system were also continu- ally evolving, breaking down, and reforming in a cycle that repeated itself multiple times. Amid this process, ethnocentrism [zi minzu zhongxin zhuyi 自民族中心主義] and “interest centralism” [liyi zhongxin zhuyi 利益中心主義] played key roles in the formation and eventual dissolution of the Hua-Yi system. Keywords East Asia – international relations – Ming history – Qing history – tributary system 1 The Hua-Yi 華夷1 system was a system of geographic relationships centered on the dynasties in the Central Plains region of China, which persisted for more than 2,000 years in parts of East Asia and Southeast Asia. Through a series of both tangible and intangible rules, the system successfully and effectively wove China’s sphere of cultural influence into a network of organic political, economic, and cultural relations. It was also responsible for the creation of a fledgling system of international relations during the Spring and Autumn period [770-476 BCE] and the creation of ancient China’s international law 1 Hua 華 refers to the Chinese people, and yi 夷 is a derogatory term referring to the tribes liv- ing east of the Central Plains, considered the birthplace of Chinese civilization.