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2017 Dis Troliveira.Pdf UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ INSTITUTO DE CULTURA E ARTE PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM COMUNICAÇÃO THAMIRES RODRIGUES DE OLIVEIRA OUTROS TEMPOS NA IMAGEM: UMA ANÁLISE DAS PROPOSTAS DOCUMENTAIS NAS FOTOGRAFIAS DE CLAUDIO EDINGER E NICK WAPLINGTON FORTALEZA 2017 THAMIRES RODRIGUES DE OLIVEIRA OUTROS TEMPOS NA IMAGEM: UMA ANÁLISE DAS PROPOSTAS DOCUMENTAIS NAS FOTOGRAFIAS DE CLAUDIO EDINGER E NICK WAPLINGTON Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, do curso de Comunicação Social da Universidade Federal do Ceará, como requisito parcial para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Comunicação. Área de concentração: Fotografia e Audiovisual. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Osmar Gonçalves dos Reis Filho. FORTALEZA 2017 THAMIRES RODRIGUES DE OLIVEIRA OUTROS TEMPOS NA IMAGEM: UMA ANÁLISE DAS PROPOSTAS DOCUMENTAIS NAS FOTOGRAFIAS DE CLAUDIO EDINGER E NICK WAPLINGTON Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, do curso de Comunicação Social da Universidade Federal do Ceará, como requisito parcial para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Comunicação. Área de concentração: Fotografia e Audiovisual. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Osmar Gonçalves dos Reis Filho. Aprovada em: ___/___/______ BANCA EXAMINADORA ______________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Osmar Gonçalves dos Reis Filho (Orientador) Universidade Federal do Ceará ______________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Gabriela Frota Reinaldo Universidade Federal do Ceará ______________________________________________ Prof. Dr. José Afonso da Silva Jr. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Dedico este trabalho a todas as mulheres apaixonadas pela fotografia que mesmo às vezes silenciadas ou precisando provar que não, não são menos que os fotógrafos, enfrentaram colegas, pesquisadores, convidados duvidando de sua capacidade nas universidades ou nos eventos a todas que foram olhadas de baixo e que retribuíram com altivez a todas elas que, apesar de tudo, nunca desistiram de pensar a imagem de escrever sobre a imagem de fotografar seu mundo. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a Deus, por me mostrar todos os dias que sempre se pode estar mais firme e voar mais longe; Ao meu pai, Evaldo, por incentivar cada um dos meus sonhos e ser o melhor companheiro de batalhas cotidianas; À minha mãe, Socorro, pelo apoio incondicional e por estar comigo sempre, não importando a distância; Ao vovô Cidé, razão das maiores saudades que enfrento e enfrentarei na vida, por ensinamentos cuja preciosidade não cabe em palavras; Às duas avós Marias, de cujas mãos nunca pretendo largar, que permanecem sendo dois dos meus maiores exemplos de amor, cuidado, bravura e caráter; Ao Gabriel, por ter vibrado comigo desde a aprovação do curso e continuar sendo, todos os dias, o motivo dos meus sorrisos; Aos tantos amigos de caminhada, que mesmo em diferentes níveis de convivência, continuam ensinando que amar é permanecer; À CAPES, pela bolsa de estudos concedida, sem a qual não seria possível dedicar o tempo e o fôlego necessários nesta jornada; Ao professor Osmar Gonçalves, por ter aceitado o desafio de orientar este trabalho, e aos professores Afonso Jr. e Gabriela Reinaldo, pela contribuição fundamental neste processo; Aos colegas de mestrado, pelas angústias compartilhadas e pelo apoio mútuo em todas as situações; Aos professores e servidores do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, por terem sido mais que mentores na obtenção de um título, mas figuras inspiradoras e companheiros de conquista. “A câmera é um instrumento que ensina a gente a ver sem a câmera.” (Dorothea Lange) LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1 – Fotos de Raymond Depardon tiradas em Saigon, 1972; Etiópia, 1984 ........ 30 Figura 2 – Fotografia de Bruno Serralongue ................................................................ 31 Figura 3 – Fotografias de August Sander ..................................................................... 34 Figura 4 – Fotografias de Diane Arbus ........................................................................ 34 Figura 5 – Quatro imagens de diferentes fotógrafos de guerra ..................................... 41 Figura 6 – Fotografias do livro The Americans, de Robert Frank ................................. 45 Figura 7 – Fotografias de Claudio Edinger e de Nick Waplington ............................... 49 Figura 8 – Fotografia do menino sírio encontrado na praia .......................................... 59 Figura 9 – Capa do livro “The Indecisive Memento” ................................................... 64 Figura 10 – Duas fotos em sequência no livro de Nick Waplington ............................. 65 Figura 11 – Nick fotografa um sanduíche em ângulo diferente do usual ...................... 67 Figura 12 – Página dupla de “Indecisive Memento”, livro de Nick Waplington ........... 68 Figura 13 – Díptico de “Indecisive Memento” ............................................................. 69 Figura 14 – Fotografias de Nick Waplington dispostas em páginas consecutivas ......... 72 Figura 15 – Páginas de Indecisive Memento ................................................................ 74 Figura 16 – Díptico de Nick Waplington ..................................................................... 79 Figura 17 – Capa e contracapa do livro “O Paradoxo do Olhar” .................................. 83 Figura 18 – Claudio Edinger fotografa uma cambalhota em pleno ápice ...................... 84 Figura 19 – Fotografia de Edinger em Paris................................................................. 86 Figura 20 – Rio de Janeiro clicado por Claudio Edinger .............................................. 89 Figura 21 – Foto de Edinger no Taj Mahal, Índia ........................................................ 92 Figura 22 – Foto do projeto “De Bom Jesus a Milagres” ............................................. 94 Figura 23 – Fotografias de Edinger mostram o cotidiano do Sertão em cores vivas ..... 96 Figura 24 – Mulheres do sertão fotografadas por Edinger em 2005, na Bahia .............. 98 RESUMO Esta dissertação analisa dois trabalhos dos fotógrafos Claudio Edinger e Nick Waplington, tendo como objetivo compreender a relação dessas imagens com o tempo e as possíveis mudanças na estética documental que são reflexos de diferentes maneiras de lidar com os instantes envolvidos no fazer fotográfico. Ao projetar essa perspectiva de análise, a pesquisa estuda a fotografia documental em duas vertentes: a dimensão temporal do clímax, do instante decisivo (conceito criado por Cartier-Bresson); e a dimensão temporal que evoca continuidade, que ressoa na estética do banal e em imagens que trabalham “instantes-indecisivos”. No primeiro capítulo, trabalhamos algumas questões que nos ajudam a enxergar e a compreender essas diferentes formas do tempo na imagem. No segundo capítulo, apresentamos um panorama da fotografia documental clássica, trazendo também as primeiras rupturas com a estética considerada tradicional. O terceiro capítulo vai tratar mais especificamente da relação do tempo com a obra dos fotógrafos, trabalhando com o recorte aqui proposto: os livros “Indecisive Memento”, de Nick Wapplington, e “O Paradoxo do Olhar”, de Claudio Edinger. Ao abordar todas essas implicações do fazer fotográfico e relacioná-las à necessidade de uma nova visualidade, a pesquisa tem o objetivo de analisar as propostas de documentarismo dos dois fotógrafos, buscando construir uma interpretação mais ampla do regime de visualidade cristalizado por teóricos desde Barthes (1984), procurando pensar a fotografia como um processo que vai além do momento do clique. Assim, o estudo busca satisfazer a necessidade de outras formas de perceber e de se relacionar com as imagens. Palavras-chave: Claudio Edinger; Nick Waplington; tempo; fotografia documental. ABSTRACT This dissertation analyzes of two works by the photographers Claudio Edinger and Nick Waplington, aiming to understand the relation of these images with time and the possible changes in the documentary aesthetics that are reflexes of different ways of dealing with the moments involved in the photographic making. By designing this perspective of analysis, the research proposes a study of documentary photography in two aspects: the temporal dimension of the climax, the decisive moment (concept created by Cartier-Bresson); and the temporal dimension that evokes continuity, which resounds in the aesthetics of banal and in images that presents “indecisive instants”. In the first chapter, we work on some issues that help us to see and understand these different forms of time in the image. In the second chapter, we present a panorama of classic documentary photography, also bringing the first ruptures with the aesthetics considered traditional. The third chapter will deal more specifically with the relation of time with the images, analysing the books “Indecisive Memento” by Nick Wapplington, and “The Paradox of the Eye” by Claudio Edinger. In addressing all these implications of photographic making and relating them to the need for a new visuality, the research aims to analyze the documentary proposals of the two photographers, seeking to construct a broader interpretation of the regime of visuality crystallized by theorists since Barthes (1984), trying to think of photography as a process that goes beyond the moment of click. Thus, the study seeks to satisfy the need for other ways of perceiving and relating to images. Keywords: Claudio Edinger; Nick Waplington; time; documentary photography. SUMÁRIO 1. INTRODUÇÃO ..................................................................................................
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