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Kakuro Puzzle カックロのパズレ

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Kakuro Puzzle カックロのパズレ KAKURO PUZZLE カックロのパズレ KERTAS KARYA DISUSUN O L E H MARIANTI PURBA 142203095 PROGRAM STUDI DIII BAHASA JEPANG FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2017 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Disetujui oleh: Program Diploma Sastra dan Budaya Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Program Studi D III Bahasa Jepang Ketua Program Studi Dr. Diah Syafitri Handayani, M.Litt NIP.197212281990032001 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA PENGESAHAN Diterima Oleh : Panitia Ujian Pendidikan Non-Gelar Sastra Budaya Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan, untuk melengkapi salah satu syarat ujian Diploma III dalam Bidang Studi Bahasa Jepang. Pada : Tanggal : Hari : Program Studi D-III Bahasa Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Dekan, Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S NIP: 196008051987031001 Panitia Tugas Akhir : No. Nama Tanda Tangan 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur penulis ucapkan kehadiran Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas berkat dan kasih karuniaNya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan penulisan kertas karya ini yang berjudul “KAKURO PUZZLE”. Penulis menyadari bahwa tulisan ini masih jauh dari sempurna, baik dalam tata bahasa maupun pembahasan yang disebabkan masih terbatasnya pengetahuan penulis. Tetapi berkat bimbingan dan pengarahan dari semua pihak maka penulis dapat menyelesaikan penulisan kertas karya ini. Untuk itu penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam menyelesaikan kertas karya ini, terutama kepada: 1. Bapak Dr. Budi Agustono, M.Si. selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. 2. Ibu Dr. Diah Syafitri Handayani, M.Litt. selaku Ketua Jurusan Bahasa Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. 3. Ibu Rani Arfianty S.S., M.Phil. selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah meluangkan waktu dan pikirannya untuk membimbing dan memberikan pengarahan kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan Kertas Karya ini. 4. Kepada seluruh Dosen dan Staf pengajar Jurusan Bahasa Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara penulis mengucapkan terimakasih telah memberikan ilmu kepada penulis selama masa perkuliahan. 5. Teristimewa kepada keluarga saya yang sangat saya cintai, kedua orang tua saya Aruslin Purba dan Ibunda Tepma Simbolon yang telah memberi kasih sayang, doa, dan dukungannya sehingga saya dapat menyelesaikan Kertas Karya ini. 6. Buat saudara kandung saya Putra Jayandius Purba dan Faisal Maralus Purba yang saya sangat sayangi terimakasih atas semua dukungan, semangat, motivasi, serta doa yang diberikan. i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 7. Kepada teman saya Ledi Lumban Toruan, Basa Dewi Fransiska Sijabat, Lastri Elisabet, Rosi Dewi Sibagariang dan Irma Sinulingga yang sering mendengar curhatan saya dan memberi saya semangat. 8. Kepada teman saya jurusan Bahasa Jepang stambuk 2014 yang saya sayangi dan teman seperjuangan saya. Terimakasih atas semangat dan kebersamaan kita selama 3 tahun ini. 9. Kepada semua pihak yang tidak dapat saya sebutkan satu persatu, Terimakasih atas bantuannya baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung yang telah membantu sehingga terselesaikan Kertas Karya ini. Medan, Juni 2017 Penulis, Marianti Purba NIM 142203095 ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................................. i DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. iii BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Alasan Pemilihan Judul .................................................................. 1 1.2 Tujuan Penulisan ............................................................................ 2 1.3 Batasan Masalah ............................................................................. 2 1.4 Metode Penulisan ........................................................................... 3 BAB II GAMBARAN UMUM PUZZLE 2.1 Arti Puzzle ...................................................................................... 4 2.2 Asal Usul Puzzle ............................................................................. 5 2.3 Jenis-jenis Puzzle ........................................................................... 6 BAB III KAKURO PUZZLE 3.1 Definisi Kakuro Puzzle ................................................................... 8 3.2 Asal Usul Kakuro Puzzle ................................................................ 9 3.3 Cara Bermain Kakuro Puzzle ........................................................ 10 3.4 Tingkat Kesulitan Permainan Kakuro Puzzle ................................ 15 BAB IV KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 4.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................... 21 4.2 Saran .............................................................................................. 21 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ABSTRAK iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 AlasanPemilihanJudul Game atau permainan merupakan suatu alat bermain yang digunakan untuk menghibur hati. Game atau permainan merupakan media hiburan yang sudah dikenal sejak lama. Game atau permainan dapat dimainkan berbagai umur tua maupun muda. Permainan biasanya dilakukan sendiri atau bersama-sama. Macam-macamgame atau permainan yaitu: 1. Permainan papan(boardgame)permainandalamjenisinimembutuhkanpapandandida lamnyaterdapatsejumlahalat main yangdapatdigerakkan. Contohnya adalahcatur,ludo,halma, dll. 2. Permainankartu(cardgame)merupakanpermainan yang dimainkandengankartu.Contohnyaadalahcaps banting. 3. Permainan teka-teki (puzzle game) adalah permainan yang menguji kecerdikan atau pengetahuan seseorang untuk mengasah pikiran. Contohnya adalah teka-teki logika (logic puzzle) seperti: Sudoku, Kakuro, Hitori, Filomino. Teka-teki kombinasi (combination puzzle) seperti: Rubik’s cube dan Hanoi tower. Teka-teki gambar seperti: Jigsaw. Teka-teki kata (word puzzle) seperti: Teka-teki silang. Permainanteka-teki(puzzle game)bisamembuatkitaberpikir, mencaridanmenemukanjawaban. Sehingga menambah wawasan dan mengasah kemampuan otak. 1 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Dewasa ini peminat teka-teki (puzzle) semakin bertambah dan banyak teka-teki (puzzle) diproduksi sesuai dengan jenisnya. Salah satunyaadalahkakuro yangmerupakansalahsatujenisteka-tekilogikaangka (logicpuzzle). Menurutpenulis,kakuroinimerupakanpermainanteka-teki(puzzle) yang unikkarenadidasarkanpadasoal-soalpenjumlahanangkadalampermainanpuzzle kakuroiniakansalingterkaitbaikdengansoallainnya. Oleh karena itu, penulis tertarik untuk membahas tentang permainan kakuro lebih lanjut lagi dengan judul “KAKURO PUZZLE” 1.2 Batasan Masalah Dalam penulisan kertas karya ini penulis membatasi pembahasannya hanya pada:artidantatacarapermainankakuro. Kemudian, sebagaitambahanpenjelasan, akandiuraikan macam-macam tingkat kesulitan permainan kakuro. 1.2 Tujuan Penulisan Adapun tujuan penulisan kertas karya ini adalah: 1. Untuk menjelaskanartikakuro. 2. Untuk menjelaskan tentang tata cara dan aturan permainan kakuro. 3. Untuk menambah wawasan pembelajarbahasaJepang tentang permainan kakuro. 4. Untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat kelulusan dari program Diploma III Jurusan Bahasa Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. 2 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 1.4 Metode Penulisan Dalam kertas karya ini penulis menggunakan metode studi pustaka. MenurutM. Nazir (1988), metodestudipustakaadalahteknik pengumpulan data dengan mengadakan studi penelaahan terhadap buku-buku, literatur-literatur, catatan-catatan, dan laporan-laporan yang ada hubungannya denganmasalah yang dipecahkan. 3 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA BAB II GAMBARAN UMUM PUZZLE 2.1 ArtiPuzzle Gameataupermainanmerupakansuatualatbermain yang digunakanuntukmenghiburhati. Gameataupermainanmerupakan media hiburan yang sudahdikenalsejak lama. Game ataupermainandapatdimainkanberbagaiumurtuamaupunmuda. Permainanbiasanyadilakukansendiriataubersama-sama. Contohnya permainan papan (board game) yang banyak dikenal dengan permainan ludo, catur, dll. Berikutnya, ada juga permainan yang menggunakan kartu yang dapat dilakukan oleh satu orang saja. Permainankartu(card game)merupakanpermainan yang dimainkandengankartu.Contohnyaadalahcaps banting.Permainan teka-teki(puzzle game)adalahpermainan yang mengujikecerdikanataupengetahuanseseoranguntukmengasahpikiran. Kata puzzle berasaldaribahasaInggris yang berartidalambahasa Indonesia adalahteka-teki. Puzzleatauteka-tekiadalahpermainan yang mengujikecerdikanataupengetahuanseseorang.Contohnya, meliputi teka-teki logika (logic puzzle) seperti: Sudoku,Kakuro, Hitori, Filomino. Teka-teki kombinasi (combination puzzle) seperti: Rubik’s cube dan Hanoi tower. Teka-teki jigsaw(jigsaw puzzle) seperti: teka-teki gambar. Teka-teki kata (word puzzle) seperti: teka-teki silang. 4 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.2 Asal Usul Puzzle Pertama kali puzzle atau teka-teki yang dibuat adalah jigsaw puzzle atau teka-teki berbentuk gambar. Pada tahun 1766 oleh John Spilsbury seorang ahli pembuat peta. Jigsaw puzzle atauteka-teki gambar tercipta melalui idenya yaitu menggambar sebuah peta pada lembaran kayu dan dipotong-potong. Puzzle ini dibuat untuk membantu dalam pembelajaran geografi bagi anak-anak sekolah pada zaman itu. Dengan menyusun keping-kepingan puzzle peta tersebut, murid akanbelajar tentang lokasi, dan hubungangeografi antar masing-masing negara. John Spilsburymelihatinisebagaipeluangbisnis. Kemudian, iamemproduksidanmenjualpuzzlepetatersebut. Sejarahpuzzle jigsawkinimengikutiperkembanganzaman. Pola yang dibuatkinibukanhanyapeta, adabanyaksekalipuzzle denganpoladangambar menarik.
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