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3 BAB 2 DATA DAN ANALISA 2.1 Sumber Data Data Dan Informasi BAB 2 DATA DAN ANALISA 2.1 Sumber Data Data dan informasi yang dipergunakan dalam mendukung proyek Tugas Akhir ini diambil dari: 2.1.1 Data literatur yang elektronik dan non-elektronik. Data non-elekronik diambil dari buku-buku sedangkan data elektronik berasal dari beberapa situs di Internet untuk menunjang sebagai referensi pengetahuan dan visual 2.1.2 Wawancara dengan narasumber dari pihak yang berhubungan dengan Kajeng Handycraft yaitu Bapak Mandar Utomo. Serta observasi pada toko-toko maianan 2.2 Data Umum 2.2.1 Sejarah Berdirinya Kajeng Handicraft dan Puzzle Kayu Pada tahun 1994 Kajeng Handicraft didirikan oleh Bapak Mandar Utomo di Senggotan, Jogjakarta. Awalnya Kajeng Handicraft membuat barang-barang fungsional seperti: asbak, tempat pensil, tempat kartu nama, dan tempat telur. Pada 1995, ekonomi semakin tidak mendukung dan saat itu anak Bapak Mandar Utomo sudah mulai besar dan mengerti mainan, Ia ingin membelikan mainan untuk sang anak tapi karena tidak mampu membelikan maka Ia mambuatkannya saja, lalu anaknya terlihat senang setelah dibuatkan mainan puzzle kayu itu. Berangkat dari situ maka muncullah ide untuk memproduksinya secara massal karena kalau anaknya senang dengan mainan itu maka anak-anak lain akan merasa senang juga. Tanggal 5 Oktober 2000 pindah ke Bantul Jogjakarta. Dan saat ini Kajeng Handicraft memiliki art shop yang terletak di Jalan Bantul No.19 Kweni Jogjakarta, warehouse yang terletak di Jalan Bantul Km 5 Panggungharjo Sewon Bantul Jogjakarta, sedangkan workshop berada di Jalan Bantul Km 9 Cepit, Bantul. Alasan memilih Bantul sebagai pusat bisnisnya adalah karena Bantul adalah tempat sentra industri keramik (Kasongan, desa Bojong) yang letaknya tidak terlalu jauh dari lokasi Kajeng Handicraft sendiri. Dengan keberadaan Kasongan, para buyer asing akan sering berkunjung, hal ini akan ikut menguntungkan keberadaan Kajeng Handicraft di situ. Kajeng sendiri dalam bahasa Jawa artinya kayu. Dalam bahasa Jawa Krama Inggil artinya harapan/asa. Kajeng Handicraft mejadi harapan bagi keluarga Bapak Mandar Utomo yang saat itu ijazah Sarjana Hukumnya tidak laku sehingga Ia memutuskan untuk menjadi wiraswastawan. Dengan usaha kayu ini, harapannya adalah agar Ia dapat menghidupi keluarganya. Proses pembuatan puzzle kayu pertama-tama adalah dengan menentukan terlebih dahulu bentuk yang akan dihasilkan (misalnya bola) dengan instruksi langsung dari Bapak Mandar Utomo. Setelah itu tim kecil dari bagian produksi dan inovasi membuat dummy puzzle yang diinginkan, dummy biasana dibuat dengan menggunakan styrofoam . Setelah perancanaan bentuk sesuai dengan yang diinginkan maka proses produksi massal dilanjutkan. Proses proses produksi diawali dengan ngemal (dipola) kemudian disetel untuk kecocokan puzzle kemudian setelah bisa terpasang semua, maka dibentuk sesuai dengan bentuk awal yang diinginkan ( shaping ). Kemudian dilakukan finishing dengan digosok dan disikat semir kayu (MAA/ wax ) untuk mencegah timbulnya jamur dapat merusak. 3 Menurut Bapak Mandar Utomo, dalam menjalankan usaha akan merasa senang apabila mendapat order banyak. Namun akan berduka apabila order sedikit dan penantian akan adanya institut baik swasta maupun pemerintah yang mau menjembatani visi Kajeng. 2.2.2 Filosofi Kajeng Handicraft Bagaimana mempertahankan dan menjalankan kelangsungan hidup karena manusia butuh keidupan, berusaha untuk mempertahankan dan syukur dapat mengembangkannya (hidup). Filosofi jawa yang dianut, banyu milih , membangun usaha tidak berdasarkan latar belakang pendidikan, dilakukan seperti air mengalir, di mana dapat rezeki, di situlah dia berada, sukur bisa mengembangkannya. 2.2.3 Logo Kajeng Handicraft Gambar 2.2.3 Logo Kajeng Handicraft Logo Kajeng Handicraft menyerupai huruf K (yang merupakan inisial nama Kajeng), cabang dari huruf K dibuat banyak menyerupai jari dengan harapan bisa menjadi besar/melebar seperti telapak tangan. Dengan jari-jari itu suatu saat akan menjadi besar dan tidak hanya menjadi satu saja. 2.2.4 Struktur Organisasi Struktur organisasi Kajeng Handicraft menggunakan system yang masih sangat tradisional (sederhana) dan bersifat kekeluargaan. Hanya ada owner , bagian pemasaran, bagian produksi dan inovasi, dan bagian keuangan. Bagian pemasaran bertugas untuk menangani para buyer asing. Bagian produksi dan inovasi menguru produksi dan pengembangan produk, yang terdiri atas tim kecil yang berasal dari ISI Sarjana Kriya Kayu. Bagian keuangan mengatur urusan keuangan. Bagian Produksi membawahi karyawan- karyawan dalam urusan produksi yang berjumlah 108 orang yang terdiri dari rentang usia 18-40 dengan tenga dan keahlian yang memadai untuk produksi. Jam kerja dari jam 08.00 – 16.00, Senin sampai Sabtu dengan produksi 40.000 buah yang terdiri atas 160 model yang ada. 2.2.5 Visi, Misi, dan Tujuan Kanjeng Handicraft a. Visi Dengan memproduksi mainan edukasi agar bisa membantu program-program pemerintah dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di Indonesia. Namun hal ini belum tersentuh sama sekali karena menurut Bapak Mandar Utomo belum memiliki baik swasta maupun pemerintah untuk memasuki dunia pendidikan Indonesia. Belum ada yang menjembatani untuk masuk ke dunia pendidikan, lagipula berasal dari usaha kecil. b. Misi Sebagai seorang wiraswasta, ingin agar usaha semakin berkembang, berskala nasional, langsung dan tidak langsung dapat mengatasi pengangguran terutama di daerah sekelilingnya. c. Tujuan 1. Untuk mencari profit. 2. Mempertahankan dan melangsungkan hidup. 3. Mengedukasi secara tidak langsung. 4. Mengurangi pengangguran. 4 2.2.6 Usaha Pemasaran Kajeng Handicraft Puzzle kayu Kajeng Handicraft dipasarkan melalui media on-line yaitu web dan iklan di Ali-Baba. Namun pada awal berdirinya, puzzle-puzzle kayu itu dijual door-to-door dan dikenal melalui word of mouth . Kajeng Handicraft pernah mengikuti INACRAFT, namun tidak mengalami kecocokan karena Kajeng mengkhususkan diri untuk penjualan grosis daripada retail. 2.2.7 Produk Kajeng Handicraft Produk Kajeng adalah puzzle kayu yang menyerupai bentuk-bentuk tertentu (3 dimensi) dan terbuat dari kayu Jati, yang merupakan kayu brongkal/kayu limbah dari industri meuble/furniture ekspor yang terletak di Semarang, Jepara, Ngawi, Purwodadi. Kayu yang berasal dari daerah tersebut berkualitas baik dengan warna coklat yang banyak dan warna coklat yang sedikit serta lebih kuat dibandingkan kualitas kayu yang berasal dari Jogjakarta. Inspirasi produk datang ketika sedang berikir tiba-tiba ada inspirasi begitu saja. Kadang-kadang ada buyer yang minta dibuatkan bentuk yang mereka inginkan yang pernah mereka temukan di luar negeri. Bentuk puzzle kayu 3 dimensi Kajeng Handicraft 80% adalah hasil kreasi orisinil dan 20% adalah permintaan dari buyer yang diizinkan untuk terus dipakai oleh Kajeng. Puzzle kayu ini telah berjumlah lebih dari 160 model sampai saat ini. Dapat dilihat di situs www.kajeng.com dengan menggunakan username “viar” dan password “kajeng”. Harganya berkisar antara Rp 5.000,- sampai Rp 200.000,-. 2.2.8 Positioning Kajeng Handicraft Kajeng Handicraft adalah produsen mainan edukasi yang adalah pioneer dalam membuat dan memproduksi mainan edukasi, puzzle kayu 3 dimensi satu-satunya di Indonesia. 2.2.9 Inovasi yang telah dilakukan Kajeng Handicraft Penambahan model dari yang hanya 1 hingga saat ini menjadi 160 model. Bola adalah puzzle 3 dimensi pertama yang dibuat dan menjadi top ranking penjualan, alasannya karena bentuk bola itu mendunia. 2.2.10 Peluang Kajeng di Masa Depan Bisa untuk selamanya, selama manusia punya anak maka akan membutuhkan mainan asalkan mau berinovasi terus. 2.3 Target Market Kajeng merasa bebas untuk menjual kepada siapa saja yang berminat pada produk Kajeng. Namun untuk spesifikasi yang lebih jelas yaitu: Usia : 4 tahun – 18 tahun (masa sekolah, kelompok bermain hingga sekolah menegah) SES : menengah atas (A-B) Sifat : mengikuti perkembangan zaman dan mode di Negara maju Ekspor : Eropa Barat, Turki, Timur Tengah, Amerika, Australia, Kroasia, Rusia. 2.4 Kompetitor Kompetitor di Jogjakarta berasal dari produsen yang awalnya bekerja sebagai karyawan Kajeng, saat ini ada 2. Namun produksinya sangat kecil serta modelnya mengikuti milik Kajeng. Tidak diketahui apakah 2 kompetitor itu memiliki nama atau tidak. Ada juga TL Puzzle yang menjual salah satu produk yang sama dengan Kajeng namun tidak memiliki varian sebanyak Kajeng, TL Puzzle membuat berbagai macam bentuk puzzle, model- model yang dibuat Kajeng adalah salah satunya. 5 Kompetitor yang juga memproduksi mainan edukasi, namun bukan puzzle 3 dimensi, adalah Yakum dan Mandiri Craft Kompetitor lainnya berasal dari India dan Thailand. 2.5 Mainan Edukasi Mainan edukasi menurut Wikipedia.org, biasanya dibuat dan digunakan oleh anak-anak. Orang dapat berargumen bahwa mainan edukasi sebenarnya bisa saja mainan apapun. Kebanyakan anak terus-menerus berinteraksi dan belajar tentang dunia. Definisi ini akhirnya terlalu luas karena orang bisa membuat argumen yang sama tentang batu atau tongkat karena tidak jarang anak terlihat memainkan benda-benda itu. Perbedaannya terletak pada persepsi anak atau realitas nilai mainan. Sebuah mainan pendidikan harus mendidik. Mainan itu harus menginstruksikan dan mengedepankan intelektualitas, perkembangan emosional atau fisik. Sebuah mainan edukasi dapat mengajarkan anak tentang topik tertentu atau dapat membantu anak mengembangkan keterampilan tertentu. Perbedaan utamanya adalah pembelajaran dan perkembangan anak yang terkait dengan interaksi dengan mainan. Saat ini, lebih semakin banyak mainan yang dirancang sesuai dengan pendidikan dan perkembangan
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