MD 2012 This is a hot air balloon. You can prove that gas burner hot air rises and S S makes thingsS move. AM AM A M gas tanks P P 1.P Draw a spiral on a piece of L L paperL and cut carefully E E along Ethe lines. 2. Hang the spiral over a hot S S radiator usingS a piece of L L thread . L IDbasket ID 3. Watch what happens.ID E E A paper spiral suspended above a hot radiatorE will turn in Inside the wicker basket are propane tanks that supply Balloons filled with hot air float because hot air is the hot air that rises from the heated radiator. Flying High propane gas to the gas burners. When the burners are lit lighter than cold air so it rises up. www.ks1resources.co.uk flameswww.ks1resources.co.uk heat the air inside the balloon. www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk

This of is the story of two French brothers At the time, the two brothers In the autumn of 1782, Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier That night they were very thoughtful as they sat who, long ago, discovered that they could (Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier) were busy making paper bags in their workshop. It was very windy outside and their door had been left open. watching the fire in use hot Sair to make a balloon float believedS they had discovered a S their fireplace.S high up in theAM sky. new gas thatAM caused their balloon AM A As the wind M to rise. They even called the new They wondered why whistled through P P P some scraps of paper P L gas ‘Montgolfier Gas’.L the door, they L L E E E they had thrown into E noticed something the fire were floating S S that made them S S L In fact, the gas was just air –L air that had been L in the flames then L I I stop and think. I I D heated by the burning straw they used.D D disappearing up the chimney. D E E E E Here’s their story ……. Some of the paper bags that had been lying on the table At first they thought that the burning bits of paper were had filled with air and blown up and away. carried up the chimney by the smoke from the fire. Then Joseph Montgolfier Jacques Montgolfier www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk theywww.ks1resources.co.uk decided it must be a special kind of gas.

They began to wonder whether they could make a They made another paper bag and Joseph tied a Next, they made a stronger huge paper bag and make it rise up into the air like basket of straw underneath it. Then they went balloon out of silk the piecesS of paper they saw going up the chimney. outside,S lifted the bag and the and linedS it S A A with paper. A A M basket up andM set fire to the M M P straw. P P P LE LE LE LE S S S S L L L L ID ID ID ID “If only we could put hot It was dangerous because the burning straw often E They were amazed when the E E They decided that their next balloon should beE big enough to gas inside,” Jacques set fire to the balloons but, on June 4 ththth 1783, the carry passengers but, at that time, no one knew if it would be bag floated up into the sky! thought. silk and paper balloon flew high into the air. safe for humans to go up in the air. They didn’t know www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk whetherwww.ks1resources.co.uk people would be able to breathe if they went so high.

th Jean de Rozier had been in the crowd watching Instead of human passengers, they decided that On September 19 , 1783 they put the animals The balloon rose up into the air and floated for as the animals made the first balloon flight. they should send a cockerel, a duck and a sheep. into the balloon’s basket. eight minutes until it came down and landed in a S S field withS a crash. He was soS excited that he begged to be the first A A A human passenger.A M M M M P P P Amazingly, all the P L L They tethered the L animals were safe. L E E balloon with a long E E S S rope then set fire to S S L L LThe balloon had L ID theI straw.D beenI Da great success. ID E E E E

Jean de Rozier www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk The French King wanted two criminals to be the Jean de Rozier and the Marquis d’Arlandes had to On October 15 th 1783, The balloon rose high first to go up in the balloon. He thought that if the learn how to control the balloon in the air so they Jean de Rozier and the up in the air and for criminalsS died it wouldn’t really matter. made severalS test flights. MarquisS d’Arlandes became S twenty five minutes AM AM AM A the first humans to go up M It flew slowly across Eventually the KingP P in the MontgolfierP balloon. P the sky. was persuaded to LE LE LE LE allow Jean de Rozier S S S SFinally the balloon and another L L This time the balloon was not L returnedL to the Frenchman, the I I tethered to the ground by a long I groundI where Marquis d’Arlandes, D D safety line. No one knew what D everyoneD celebrated E JeanE de Rozier E E to become the first the Marquis d’Arlandes would happen or whether its safe return to earth. human pilots. the two men would survive. www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk At last they felt they were ready. www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk

The Montgolfier balloon After that, balloon flights became very popular It was time to think again. This balloon was made of silk. was a great success. but there were two major problems. S S S S AM When the airAM inside the AM A balloon cooled, the balloon M It was coated with rubber P came back down toP the P P L L L L to try to stop it burning E ground so flights were short.E E E so easily and, instead of S S S hotS air, the balloon used L If they kept the fire burning L L L I I Jacques Charles I hydrogenI gas. there was a constant danger D D st D D E that sparks from it could set E On December 1 1783, less than two weeksE after Jean de E Rozier helped to pilot the Montgolfier balloon, two more fire to the balloon. Frenchmen flew in a very different kind of balloon. The hydrogen balloon flew for 27 miles, much www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk furtherwww.ks1resources.co.uk than the Montgolfier balloon.

Jacques Charles Ballooning was becoming very popular and inventors Their trip lasted two During the trip the balloon began to fall and almost fell in his hydrogen were coming up with new ideas all the time. into the English Channel. They only managed to stay in balloon and a half hours but S S they almostS didn’t the air byS throwing everything, including their clothes, On January 7 th , A A make it. A over the sideA to make the M 1785 a Frenchman,M M balloon lighter. M PL Jean-Pierre BlanchardPL PL PL E and his friend John E E E S Jeffries, an American S S S LI doctor, made the LI LI LI D first trip across the D D D E English Channel in E E E a hydrogen balloon. Everything except a package they had taken with them www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk whichwww.ks1resources.co.uk they delivered once they landed safely in England.

Do you remember Jean de RozierRozier?? The hydrogen He had been the first person to pilot the Montgolfier gas that was hot air balloonS in 17831783. used to flyS S A their balloonA A M exploded. M M PL PL PL E What was left E E S of the balloon S S L crashed to L L www.ks1resources.co.uk I I The first successful hot air balloon wasI built in France in D the ground. D D E E 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers. The balloonsE were dangerous and accidents happened. More than 200 years ththth Less than two years later, on June 15 1785, Jean Jean de Rozie and his assistant became the first later people still fly in balloons. You might have seen one. dededewww.ks1resources.co.ukRozier and his assistant had a terrible accident. peoplewww.ks1resources.co.uk to be killed in a balloon accident. www.ks1resources.co.uk www.ks1resources.co.uk