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Adap Learning Series ADAP LEARNING SERIES No. 1 Adolescent Development: Perspectives and Frameworks A summary of adolescent needs, an analysis of the various program approaches and general recommendations for adolescent programming, May 2006 No. 2 Adolescent Development in East Asia and the Pacific: Realizing Their Potential A summary of trends, programming and policy experiences, November 2006 No. 3 Adolescents and Civil Engagement: Social Entrepreneurship and Young People A summary of the role of social entrepreneurship in the development of young people, communities and the achievement of the MDGs, October 2007 Learning Series No. 4 YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES & NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS A desk study Adolescent Development and Participation Unit Gender, Rights and Civic Engagement Section Division of Policy and Practice UNICEF Headquarters, New York March 2009 ii YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES & NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS © United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), New York, 2009 UNICEF 3 UN Plaza, NY, NY 10017 March 2009 Staff Working Papers are working documents. They present new ideas, innovative approaches, case studies, bibliographies and research results, prepared either by UNICEF staff, consultants or by others supported by UNICEF. The purpose is to assess the situation, facilitate the exchange of knowledge and perspectives among UNICEF staff and to propose measures to address the concerns raised. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the policies or the views of UNICEF. The text has not been edited to official publication standards and UNICEF accepts no responsibility for errors. The designations in this publication do not imply an opinion on legal status of any country or territory, or its authorities, or the delimitation of frontiers. For further information, please contact: Victor P. Karunan, PhD Adolescent Development and Participation Gender, Rights and Civic Engagement Division of Policy and Practice UNICEF Headquarters 3 United Nations Plaza New York, NY, 10017, USA Tel. 1(212) 326 7266, Fax 1(212) 824-6470 E-mail: [email protected] iii YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES & NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................1 SUMMARY REPORT ................................................................................................................................................3 ANNEX 1....................................................................................................................................................................12 MAPPING: ADOLESCENT AND YOUTH FOCUSED PRS/P’S, NATIONAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT .................................................................................................................................................12 I. Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CEE-CIS)....................12 II. East Asia and the Pacific Region (EAPR)..............................................................................................18 III. Eastern and Southern Africa Region (ESAR) ...................................................................................24 IV. Regional Office for the Americas and Caribbean Region (TACR)...................................................32 V. Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA).....................................................................................40 VI. Regional Office for South Asia (ROSA) ............................................................................................42 VII. West and Central Africa Region (WCAR)..........................................................................................44 ANNEX 2....................................................................................................................................................................51 TYPOLOGY OF UNICEF’S SUPPORT TO PRS/P’S .......................................................................................51 ANNEX 3....................................................................................................................................................................54 COUNTRIES WITH PRS/PS ...............................................................................................................................54 ANNEX 4....................................................................................................................................................................54 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS (+PRS/PS) BY REGIONS .................................................................54 ANNEX 5....................................................................................................................................................................55 UNICEF SUPPORT ON NATIONAL PLANNING (+PRS/PS) BY COUNTRIES .........................................55 ANNEX 6....................................................................................................................................................................55 UNICEF SUPPORT ON NATIONAL PLANNING BY REGIONS .................................................................55 ANNEX 7....................................................................................................................................................................56 MTSP SPECIFIC MONITORING QUESTIONS - REGIONAL DATA ON THE CHILDREN'S INVOLVEMENT IN THE NATIONAL POLICY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT...............................................................................................56 iv INTRODUCTION The UNICEF Adolescent Development and Participation Unit commissioned a desk- based study of young people’s involvement in Poverty Reduction Strategies and Plans (PRS/Ps) and other national planning and development processes. This study reviewed 159 Country Office Annual Reports (COARs) for 2007 and other related resources in 7 regions – CEE/CIS, EAPR, ESAR, TACRO, MENA, ROSA, and WCAR. The review was finalized with a narrative report that analyzes the outcome of the UNICEF mapping exercise through COARs. This final report includes a narrative summary, a matrix by regions, a chart that shows types of UNICEF office support, and the Specific Monitoring Questions (SMQs) and Management Indicators (MIs) responses for policy advocacy questions that address young people’s participation in policy development or programme implementation. Purpose of the desk-study 1. To analyze children and youth participation in the PRS/P and in other national planning and development processes 2. To review UNICEF country offices’ support for young people’s involvement in national policy development The six steps of the research process 1. Review of 159 COARs A guide for the COAR review was developed to explore each country’s national planning and development process, UNICEF activities (objective, target group, type of support, results) to support PRS/Ps and other national strategies, and UNICEF country office future plans. 2. Literature review on the PRS/Ps and adolescent/youth Many resources, including case studies of youth issues integrated in national planning documents, UN agencies reviews, desk studies on young people in the development of national poverty reduction strategies were incorporated into the narrative report. References are listed in the summary report. 3. Map of young people's involvement in national development policies, including PRS/Ps A matrix with information on young people’s participation in PRS/Ps and other national planning processes in countries in all 7 regions was completed. 4. Analysis of the mapping results 4.1. grouped countries by regions, in their alphabetical order. An easy-to-read version of the matrix that has all countries by their regions was developed. 4.2. analyzed types of PRS/Ps. 4.3. analyzed roles of UNICEF in PRS/Ps development. 5. Preparation of annexes Prepared charts and graphs representing findings from analysis of key aspects of data. 1 6. Consolidation of the final report The final report of this desk study includes the narrative summary, the matrix by regions, charts with types of UNICEF office support, and data from MI & SMQs responses. We wish to thank Ms. Tuul Tsend-Ayush for kindly undertaking this desk study on an internship basis from May to September 2008, and preparing the final report for publication in the ADAP Learning Series. Tuul has a graduate degree from Columbia University, where she majored in social policy and international social welfare. She also worked with the Columbia University Social Intervention Group, a research group specializing in issues that include prevention and treatment of family violence, HIV/STIs and alcohol abuse. Victor P. Karunan Chief Adolescent Development and Participation Gender, Rights and Civic Engagement Division of Policy and Practice UNICEF Headquarters New York, March 2009 2 SUMMARY REPORT Based on the UNICEF mapping of young people’s involvement in PRS/Ps and other national planning and development What is a Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper? Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) are prepared in low-income countries through a participatory process involving domestic stakeholders and external partners, including the IMF and the World Bank. A PRSP describes “the macroeconomic, structural and social policies and programs that a country will pursue over several years to promote broad-based
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