Curriculum Vitae
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Interfaces Between Bioethics and the Empirical Social Sciences
Interfaces between bioethics and the empirical social sciences Publication Series – 2002 Regional Program on Bioethics Division of Health and Human Development Pan American Health Organization World Health Organization Third Meeting of the International Advisory Board on Bioethics Pan American Health Organization World Health Organization October 2nd – 3th, 2001 Buenos Aires, Argentina INTERFACES BETWEEN BIOETHICS AND THE EMPIRICAL SOCIAL SCIENCES Fernando Lolas S. Lorenzo Agar C. Editors 3 Regional Program on Bioethics OPS/OMS Publication Series - 2002 The present edition belongs to Publication Series - 2002 of Regional Program on Bioethics. Under the title: Interfaces of Bioethics and the Social Science. It contains the documents elaborated by the members of the International Bioethics Advisory Committee of PAHO, that was established in the first official meeting held on October 2-3, 2001 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. N° de Inscripción 127-372 ISBN 956-7938-02-4 This publication of 1.000 copies was printed at august of 2002 PRINTED IN CHILE 4 Interfaces between bioethics and the empirical social sciences CONTENTS • Foreword 9 George A. O. Alleyne • Empirical Social Science Studies and Bioethics. An Interface for the Regional 11 Program on Bioethics Fernando Lolas Stepke • What is Bioethics? A history 15 James F. Drane • Equity, Quality, and Patients Rigths: Can They Be Reconciled? 33 Daniel Callahan • Why Justice is Good for our Health 37 Norman Daniels • Pharmacogen-ethics 53 Diego Gracia Guillén • Unresolved Issues in Social Science Research 67 Ruth Macklin • Placebo Controls in Clinical Trials when there are Known Effective Treatments 79 Robert J. Levine • Polls and Focus Groups in Bioethics: The Case of Resource Allocation 91 Daniel Wikler • The Relevance of Empirical Research for Bioethics 99 Ezekiel J. -
Curriculum Vitae
DANIEL CALLAHAN January 2008 Director International Program The Hastings Center Garrison, N.Y. 10524-5555 (914) 424-4040 BIOGRAPHICAL Born July 19, 1930, Washington, D.C. Married to Sidney deShazo Callahan, Ph.D. (a social psychologist); six children: Mark, Stephen, John, Peter, Sarah and David. Address: Box 260, Hudson House, Ardsley-on- Hudson, New York 10503. Sgt., U.S. Army, 1952-55 (Counterintelligence Corps). EDUCATION B.A. Yale University (1952), English and Psychology major M.A. Georgetown University (1957), Philosophy Ph.D. Harvard University (1965), Philosophy ADMINISTRATIVE, RESEARCH AND EDITORIAL POSITIONS Director, International Programs, The Hastings Center, 1997- Fellow, Institution for Social and Policy Studies, Yale University, 2004- Senior Research Fellow, Department of Philosophy, Yale University, 2004- Senior Lecturer, Harvard Medical School, 1998- Visiting Fellow, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, 1996 President and Co-Founder, The Hastings Center, 1969-1996 Staff Associate, The Population Council, 1969-1970 Executive Editor, Commonweal, 1961-1968 PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES Special Consultant, Presidential Commission on Population Growth and the American Future (1970-71) Consultant, Ad Hoc Committee on S-hemoglobinopathies, National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council (1972) Selection Committee, Ford-Rockefeller Program in Population Policy (1972-75) Selection Committee, National Book Awards (1975) Council Member, New York Council for the Humanities (1975-79) Member, New York Health Advisory -
EMERGING Technologies the Wise Use Of
2015 Annual Report THE WISE USE OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES The Hastings Center is an independent, Director of Communications and nonpartisan, and nonprofit bioethics research Development: Bill Jeffway institute founded in 1969. Hastings’ mission Writer: Susan Gilbert is to address fundamental ethical issues in Art Director: Nora Porter the areas of health, health care, life sciences Hastings Photography: Siofra Vizzi research, and the environment as they affect individuals, communities, and societies. ©2016 The Hastings Center To obtain a copy of The Hastings Center’s complete financial statement for 2015, please write to the Development Department, The Hastings Center, 21 Malcolm Gordon Road, Garrison, NY 10524. The Hastings Center 21 Malcolm Gordon Road Garrison, NY 10524 Tel 845-424-4040 Fax 845-424-4545 [email protected] www.thehastingscenter.org @hastingscenter facebook.com/hastingscenter 2015 HASTINGS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 From the President 3 The Wise Use of Emerging Technologies l New Genetics Technologies l Artificial Intelligence l Big Data l Brain Science l Prenatal Testing 14 Significant Scholarship on Other Topics 18 Our Scholars and Projects at a Glance 19 Hastings Center Fellows Retreat 20 Donors 24 Statement of Financial Position inside back cover Hastings Center Board of Directors and Staff FROM THE PRESIDENT Shaping the future ~ wisely Dear Friends and Colleagues, We live in an age of transformative scientific powers, capable of changing the very nature of the human species and radically remaking the planet itself. These new powers hold great promise for enhancing health and well-being. However, no technology is neutral. As Stephen Hawking recently put it, “Our future is a race between the growing power of technology and the wisdom with which to use it.” The Hastings Center’s goal is to help forge that wisdom. -
Violence and the Politics of Research the HASTINGS CENTER SERIES in ETHICS
Violence and the Politics of Research THE HASTINGS CENTER SERIES IN ETHICS ETHICS TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATION EdIted by Daniel Callahan and 5155elll Bok MENTAL RETARDATION AND STERILIZATION A Problem of Competency and Paternalism Edited by Ruth Macklm lind WIllard Gllylm THE ROOTS OF ETHICS: Science, Religion, and Values EdIted by Damel Call1lhan and H. TrIStram Engelhllrdt, Jr. ETHICS IN HARD TIMES Edited by Arthur L. Caplan and Damel Callahan VIOLENCE AND THE POLITICS OF RESEARCH EdIted by Wlllllrd Gaylm, Ruth Mackhn, and Tabltlm M. Powledge WHO SPEAKS FOR THE CHILD: The Problems of Proxy Consent EdIted by Wdlard Gllylm and Ruth Mllcklm A Continuahon Order Plan IS available for thIS senes A conhnuahon order will bnng delIvery of each new volume ImmedIately upon publication Volumes are billed only upon actual shIpment For further mformahon please contact the publisher Violence and the Politics of Research Edited by Willard Gaylln The Hastings Center Hastings-an-Hudson, New York Ruth Macklin Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, New York and Tabitha M. Powledge Center for Science and Technology Policy New York University New York, New York PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON Library of Congress CatalogIng in Publication Data MaIn entry under title' Violence and the politics of research (The Hastings Center series In ethics) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1 VlOlence-Research-Umted States-Addresses. essays, lectures 2 Aggres· siveness (Psychology)-Addresses, essays, lectures 3. VIOlence-United States Case studies-Addresses, essays, -
LESSONS for the FUTURE? PROPHECY and POLICY in SPECULATIVE BIOETHICS by Ari Schick a DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State Un
LESSONS FOR THE FUTURE? PROPHECY AND POLICY IN SPECULATIVE BIOETHICS By Ari Schick A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Philosophy – Doctor of Philosophy 2014 ABSTRACT LESSONS FOR THE FUTURE? PROPHECY AND POLICY IN SPECULATIVE BIOETHICS By Ari Schick For more than a decade, the field of bioethics has increasingly turned its attention to wide-ranging discussions of possible future biotechnologies, such as those that might be used to determine the genetic endowments of future offspring or to enhance existing people. Yet while the literature on human biomedical enhancement has become a focal point of bioethical debate, few of the technologies that stimulate this discourse have reached the point where they actually generate the ethical questions that the literature addresses. This study offers a comprehensive analysis and critique of speculative bioethics that builds on existing conceptualizations of two parallel modes of bioethical discourse (prophetic and regulatory), and draws from literature outside of bioethics that examines the social function of expectations regarding future technologies. I begin by tracing various developments in bioethics that have given rise to the enhancement discourse in its present form and survey some of the existing criticism that it has drawn. I demonstrate the ways in which speculative bioethics goes wrong when exploring potential future technologies and scenarios, and evaluate the utility of anticipatory bioethics research that attempts to get ahead of expected future technological developments. In the course of developing a robust theory of the nature and function of the prophetic and regulatory aspects of bioethics, I establish that speculative explorations belong within the domain of the prophetic, not regulatory, mode of bioethics. -
Honoring Arthur L. Caplan
Journal of Contemporary Health Law & Policy (1985-2015) Volume 16 Issue 1 Article 3 1999 Honoring Arthur L. Caplan Renee C. Fox Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.edu/jchlp Recommended Citation Renee C. Fox, Honoring Arthur L. Caplan, 16 J. Contemp. Health L. & Pol'y (2000). Available at: https://scholarship.law.edu/jchlp/vol16/iss1/3 This Dedication is brought to you for free and open access by CUA Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Contemporary Health Law & Policy (1985-2015) by an authorized editor of CUA Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Honoring Arthur L. Caplan Erratum ix This dedication is available in Journal of Contemporary Health Law & Policy (1985-2015): https://scholarship.law.edu/jchlp/vol16/iss1/3 DEDICATORY ESSAY HONORING ARTHUR L. CAPLAN Renge C. Fox* Contemplating the writing of an introductory piece about Arthur L. Caplan - philosopher of science, bioethicist, public intellectual, and the person to whom this issue of THE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY HEALTH LAW AND POLICY is dedicated - summoned up several per- sonal images of him which have more than a personal meaning: A few years ago, while I was flying across the country on a professional trip, engrossed in reading a good novel and happily elevated 35,000 feet above my usual ground-level activities, I glanced up from my book and saw Arthur Caplan's face before me on a television screen. Via electronic media, he was journeying with my fellow passengers and me, exuberantly discussing bioethical questions about organ transplantation with us, as we sped through the sky. -
Hastings Center 2012
Narrative Section of a Successful Application The attached document contains the grant narrative and selected portions of a previously funded grant application. It is not intended to serve as a model, but to give you a sense of how a successful application may be crafted. Every successful application is different, and each applicant is urged to prepare a proposal that reflects its unique project and aspirations. Prospective applicants should consult the Challenge Grants application guidelines at http://www.neh.gov/grants/challenge/challenge-grants for instructions. Applicants are also strongly encouraged to consult with the NEH Office of Challenge Grants staff well before a grant deadline. Note: The attachment only contains the grant narrative and selected portions, not the entire funded application. In addition, certain portions may have been redacted to protect the privacy interests of an individual and/or to protect confidential commercial and financial information and/or to protect copyrighted materials. Project Title: The Hastings Center Humanities Research Initiative Institution: The Hastings Center, Garrison, NY Project Directors: Erik Parens Grant Program: Challenge Grants 400 7th Street, SW, Washington, DC 20024 P 202.606.8309 F 202.606.8394 E [email protected] www.neh.gov Abstract As part of a comprehensive campaign, The Hastings Center aims to build an endowment for a major humanities research initiative and is seeking a $500,000 challenge grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. The initiative will strengthen and expand the Center’s mission of providing a bridge between enduring ethical and philosophical questions and pressing contemporary practical questions about how we – as members of families, communities, and societies – ought to act in relation to advances in medicine, science, and technology. -
APA Newsletters
APA Newsletters Volume 05, Number 2 Spring 2006 NEWSLETTER ON PHILOSOPHY AND MEDICINE FROM THE EDITORS, ROSAMOND RHODES & MARK SHELDON REPORT FROM THE CHAIR, DAVID DEGRAZIA ARTICLES TOM L. BEAUCHAMP “Assessing the Belmont Report” RUTH MACKLIN “The Belmont Principle of Justice: An Idea Whose Time Has Come” ALEX JOHN LONDON “Justice in the Belmont Report & The Social Division of Labor” FRANKLIN G. MILLER “Revisiting the Belmont Report: The Ethical Significance of the Distinction between Clinical Research and Medical Care” DAVID MULLER “Do NOT Resuscitate: A Well-Orchestrated Plan for Death Ends on a Brutal Note” FELICIA NIMUE ACKERMAN “This is for My Grandmother” © 2006 by The American Philosophical Association ISSN: 1067-9464 BERNARD GERT, CHARLES M. CULVER, K. DANNER CLOUSER “Principlism” BERNARD GERT, CHARLES M. CULVER, K. DANNER CLOUSER “Mental Maladies” ANNOUNCEMENTS APA NEWSLETTER ON Philosophy and Medicine Rosamond Rhodes & Mark Sheldon, Co-Editors Spring 2006 Volume 05, Number 2 poignant and insightful account of persisting problems around FROM THE EDITORS the end of life. We also have “This is for My Grandmother,” a poem by Felicia Nimue Ackerman. This issue concludes with two excerpts from Bioethics: A Systematic Approach by Bernard Gert, Charles M. Culver, and the late K. Danner The Belmont Report, which articulated the principles for the Clouser. This second edition of their work represents the ethical conduct of biomedical research in the U.S., is one of authors’ continued effort to apply Gert’s account of common the most influential documents in the history of American morality as a foundation for medical ethics. In the first excerpt bioethics. -
International Ethical Guidelines for Health-Related Research Involving Humans
2016 International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans Prepared by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans Research International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Geneva 2016 CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans Prepared by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva 2014 Copyright © 2016 by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) ISBN 978-929036088-9 All rights reserved. CIOMS publications may be obtained directly from: CIOMS, P.O. Box 2100, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland, tel.: +41 22 791 6497, www.cioms.ch, e-mail: [email protected]. CIOMS publications are also available through the World Health Organization, WHO Press, 20 Avenue Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. Citation for this document: International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans, Fourth Edition. Geneva. Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS); 2016. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication and those views do not necessarily represent the decisions, policies or views of their respective institutions or companies. Design and Layout: Paprika (Annecy, France) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Council for International Organizations -
AIDS and I I Drug Use I Breaking the Link I I I I I " I I I ~ I .~ Q I • .1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I
If you have issues viewing or accessing this file, please contact us at NCJRS.gov. I I \ I I I AIDS and I I Drug Use I Breaking the Link I I I I I " I I I ~ I .~ q I • .1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I Citizens Commission on AIDS I for New York City and Northern New Jersey 51 Madison Avenue, Room 3008 New York, NY 10010 I (212) 779-0311 (212) 779-9461 (FAX) I first printing, September 1988 second printing, July, 1989 I I I ---~--- ---- I 129527 U.S. Department of Jusilce National Institute of Justice This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the I person or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or pOlicies of the National Institute of Justice. I Permission to reproduce this copyrighted material in mi crofiche only has been granted by I Citizens Commission on AIDS to the National Criminal Justice Re!erence Service (NCJRS). Further reproduction outside of the NCJRS system requires permis I sion of the copyright owner. I CONTENTS I I. Preamble 1 I IT. Endorsers of the 4 Points in the Preamble 3 I Ill. Summary of Key Points 7 IV. Rationales for Expanded 9 I Treatment and Education I V. Notes 37 VI. Acknowledgements 43 I VIT. Selected Bibliography 45 I VIII. Commission Members and Staff 51 I IX. Supporting Foundations 53 I I I I I I I I I PREAMBLE________________ . -
Equality Trust AUTHENTICITY Diversity FAIRNESS Beneficencefair Responsibilityautonomy Accountability S Integrity Courage O Balance C Respect Truth I SINCERITY
Annual Report 2019 Celebrating 50 Years of Bioethics, Shaping the Next 50 global stewardship compassion respect for persons dignityequality trust AUTHENTICITY diversity FAIRNESS beneficenceFAIR responsibilityAUTONOMY accountability s Integrity courage o balance c respect Truth i SINCERITY DIVERSITY a real empathyWISE l TRUST JUSTICE r e sp on honesty sib GOOD i l i t y integrity trust truth FAIR real WISE GOOD TRUTH fairness ACCOUNTABILITY • GENEROSITY • EQUALITY • INTEGRITY • BENEFICENCE • WISDOM CONTENTS 1 From the President 2 The World Pays Tribute to Dan Callahan 4 From Aspen to Dubrovnic: Hastings Center Events 8 Wise Use of Genetic Technologies 10 Reimagining Population Aging 12 2019 Scholars and Projects 13 2019 Visitors 14 2019 Board of Directors 15 Hastings Center Advisory Council 16 Donors 20 Statement of Financial Position inside back cover Current Staff Dear Friends and Colleagues, In 2019, The Hastings Center celebrated its 50th anniversary. We looked back at what we had accomplished since our co-founders, philosopher Daniel Callahan and psychiatrist Willard Gaylin, envisioned an institute dedicated to examining how best FROM THE PRESIDENT to deploy advances in the life sciences and health care for the betterment of humanity. And, we looked ahead, asking ourselves how best to build on the formidable founda- tion that had been created. Our year of reflection was embodied in a large number of public events, scholarly symposia, internal discussions amongst staff and Hastings fellows, all in addition to our already large portfolio of research projects. Through this process, we recommitted The Hastings Center to its two core priorities: ensuring the wise use of emerging biotech- nologies and securing justice and compassion in care across the lifespan. -
1 TRANSCRIPT Ruth Macklin, Ph.D. Distinguished University Professor
TRANSCRIPT Ruth Macklin, Ph.D. Distinguished University Professor Emerita Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine Harold T. Shapiro, Ph.D. President Emeritus Professor of Economics and Public Affairs Princeton University Rebecca Dresser, J.D. Daniel Noyes Kirby Professor of Law Washington University in St Louis Eugenijus Gefenas, M.D., Ph.D. Chairperson Intergovernmental Bioethics Committee of UNESCO Professor at the Medical Faculty Vilnius University, Lithuania Director, Lithuanian Bioethics Committee Meeting 26, Session 3 August 31, 2016 Washington, DC 1 SESSION 3: REFLECTING ON THE PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE IMPACT OF NATIONAL BIOETHICS ADVISORY BODIES DR. WAGNER: I think we’ll go ahead and get underway. Fortunately, we’ve all had a chance to review everyone’s bios and by the time I’m through reading, I suspect Steve will be with us. And we’re going to continue our discussion this afternoon on the future impact of national bioethics advisory bodies. DR. WAGNER: And to begin this next part of our discussion, it is my pleasure to introduce Dr. Ruth Macklin. She is Professor Emerita at Albert Einstein College of Medicine – retired from her full-time position just this past June after serving there only 39 years on the faculty. She is an – That’s just wonderful. Congratulations and thank you. She’s an advisor to the World Health Organization, an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine, and the chairperson of the UNAIDS Ethical Review Committee. She co-directs an NIH Fogarty International Center Training Program on research ethics, which takes place in Buenos Aires, Argentina and in the borough of the Bronx in New York City.