Quattro Anni Accanto a Amintore Fanfani
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October 22, 1962 Amintore Fanfani Diaries (Excepts)
Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified October 22, 1962 Amintore Fanfani Diaries (excepts) Citation: “Amintore Fanfani Diaries (excepts),” October 22, 1962, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Italian Senate Historical Archives [the Archivio Storico del Senato della Repubblica]. Translated by Leopoldo Nuti. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/115421 Summary: The few excerpts about Cuba are a good example of the importance of the diaries: not only do they make clear Fanfani’s sense of danger and his willingness to search for a peaceful solution of the crisis, but the bits about his exchanges with Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs Carlo Russo, with the Italian Ambassador in London Pietro Quaroni, or with the USSR Presidium member Frol Kozlov, help frame the Italian position during the crisis in a broader context. Credits: This document was made possible with support from the Leon Levy Foundation. Original Language: Italian Contents: English Translation The Amintore Fanfani Diaries 22 October Tonight at 20:45 [US Ambassador Frederick Reinhardt] delivers me a letter in which [US President] Kennedy announces that he must act with an embargo of strategic weapons against Cuba because he is threatened by missile bases. And he sends me two of the four parts of the speech which he will deliver at midnight [Rome time; 7 pm Washington time]. I reply to the ambassador wondering whether they may be falling into a trap which will have possible repercussions in Berlin and elsewhere. Nonetheless, caught by surprise, I decide to reply formally tomorrow. I immediately called [President of the Republic Antonio] Segni in Sassari and [Foreign Minister Attilio] Piccioni in Brussels recommending prudence and peace for tomorrow’s EEC [European Economic Community] meeting. -
30Years 1953-1983
30Years 1953-1983 Group of the European People's Party (Christian -Demoeratie Group) 30Years 1953-1983 Group of the European People's Party (Christian -Demoeratie Group) Foreword . 3 Constitution declaration of the Christian-Democratic Group (1953 and 1958) . 4 The beginnings ............ ·~:.................................................. 9 From the Common Assembly to the European Parliament ........................... 12 The Community takes shape; consolidation within, recognition without . 15 A new impetus: consolidation, expansion, political cooperation ........................................................... 19 On the road to European Union .................................................. 23 On the threshold of direct elections and of a second enlargement .................................................... 26 The elected Parliament - Symbol of the sovereignty of the European people .......... 31 List of members of the Christian-Democratic Group ................................ 49 2 Foreword On 23 June 1953 the Christian-Democratic Political Group officially came into being within the then Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community. The Christian Democrats in the original six Community countries thus expressed their conscious and firm resolve to rise above a blinkered vision of egoistically determined national interests and forge a common, supranational consciousness in the service of all our peoples. From that moment our Group, whose tMrtieth anniversary we are now celebrating together with thirty years of political -
Bollettino Nuove Accessioni 1
SEGRETARIATO GENERALE DELLA PRESIDENZA DELLA REPUBBLICA Biblioteca Novità in Biblioteca BOLLETTINO NUOVE ACCESSIONI 1 _________________ Marzo 2010 A cura di : Laura Squillace con la collaborazione di Rosetta Santomassimo INDICE PER MATERIA - ii – Biblioteca Quirinale QUIRINALE .................................................................................................................................... 1 DIRITTO .......................................................................................................................................... 3 LEGISLAZIONE.......................................................................................................................... 22 POLITICA / SAGGISTICA........................................................................................................ 23 ECONOMIA .................................................................................................................................. 32 STORIA........................................................................................................................................... 36 SCRITTI, MEMORIE, BIOGRAFIE......................................................................................... 42 BIBLIOTECONOMIA................................................................................................................. 50 REPERTORI .................................................................................................................................. 53 ARTE .............................................................................................................................................. -
Quaderni D'italianistica : Revue Officielle De La Société Canadienne
ANGELO PRINCIPE CENTRING THE PERIPHERY. PRELIMINARY NOTES ON THE ITALLVN CANADL\N PRESS: 1950-1990 The Radical Press From the end of the Second World War to the 1980s, eleven Italian Canadian radical periodicals were published: seven left-wing and four right- wing, all but one in Toronto.' The left-wing publications were: II lavoratore (the Worker), La parola (the Word), La carota (the Carrot), Forze nuove (New Forces), Avanti! Canada (Forward! Canada), Lotta unitaria (United Struggle), and Nuovo mondo (New World). The right-wing newspapers were: Rivolta ideale (Ideal Revolt), Tradizione (Tradition), // faro (the Lighthouse or Beacon), and Occidente (the West or Western civilization). Reading these newspapers today, one gets the impression that they were written in a remote era. The socio-political reality that generated these publications has been radically altered on both sides of the ocean. As a con- sequence of the recent disintegration of the communist system, which ended over seventy years of East/West confrontational tension, in Italy the party system to which these newspapers refer no longer exists. Parties bear- ing new names and advancing new policies have replaced the older ones, marking what is now considered the passage from the first to the second Republic- As a result, the articles on, or about, Italian politics published ^ I would like to thank several people who helped in different ways with this paper. Namely: Nivo Angelone, Roberto Bandiera, Damiano Berlingieri, Domenico Capotorto, Mario Ciccoritti, Elio Costa, Celestino De luliis, Odoardo Di Santo, Franca lacovetta, Teresa Manduca, Severino Martelluzzi, Roberto Perin, Concetta V. Principe, Guido Pugliese, Olga Zorzi Pugliese, and Gabriele Scardellato. -
ICRC President in Italy…
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS ICRC President in Italy... The President of the ICRC, Mr. Alexandre Hay, was in Italy from 15 to 20 June for an official visit. He was accompanied by Mr. Sergio Nessi, head of the Financing Division, and Mr. Melchior Borsinger, delegate-general for Europe and North America. The purpose of the visit was to contact the Italian authorities, to give them a detailed account of the ICRC role and function and to obtain greater moral and material support from them. The first day of the visit was mainly devoted to discussions with the leaders of the National Red Cross Society and a tour of the Society's principal installations. On the same day Mr. Hay was received by the President of the Republic, Mr. Sandro Pertini. Other discussions with government officials enabled the ICRC delegation to explain all aspects of current ICRC activities throughout the world. Mr. Hay's interlocutors were Mr. Filippo Maria Pandolfi, Minister of Finance; Mr. Aldo Aniasi, Minister of Health; Mrs. Nilde Iotti, Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies; Mr. Amintore Fanfani, President of the Senate; Mr. Paulo Emilio Taviani, Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies' Foreign Affairs Commission and Mr. Giulio Andreotti, Chairman of the Senate Foreign Affairs Commission. Discussions were held also with the leaders of the Italian main political parties. On 20 June President Hay, Mr. Nessi and Mr. Borsinger were received in audience by H.H. Pope John-Paul II, after conferring with H.E. Cardinal Casaroli, the Vatican Secretary of State, and H.E. Cardinal Gantin, Chairman of the "Cor Unum" Pontifical Council and of the pontifical Justice and Peace Commission. -
Statuto E Attività 1962-2012
ISTITUTO PER LA DOCUMENTAZIONE E GLI STUDI LEGISLATIVI Sotto l’Alto Patronato del Presidente della Repubblica STATUTO E ATTIVITÀ 1962-2012 JOVENE EDITORE NAPOLI 2012 ISLE Via del Plebiscito 102 - 00186 ROMA Tel. 06 679 5142 - Fax 06 679 3449 [email protected] DIRITTI D’AUTORE RISERVATI © Copyright 2012 ISBN 978-88-243-2109-9 JOVENE EDITORE Via Mezzocannone 109 - 80134 NAPOLI NA - ITALIA Tel. (+39) 081 552 10 19 - Fax (+39) 081 552 06 87 web site: www.jovene.it e-mail: [email protected] Printed in Italy Stampato in Italia ISTITUTO PER LA DOCUMENTAZIONE E GLI STUDI LEGISLATIVI Sotto l’Alto Patronato del Presidente della Repubblica UFFICIO DI PRESIDENZA Presidente Onorario Antonio Maccanico Presidente Giovanni Pieraccini Vicepresidenti In rappresentanza In rappresentanza dei Soci ordinari: dei Soci collettivi: Augusto Barbera Giuseppe Mazzei Francesco D’Onofrio Segretario Generale Silvio Traversa Consiglio Direttivo Augusto Barbera A.B.I. Francesco D’Onofrio Domenico Siniscalco ASSOGESTIONI Gaetano Gifuni Alessandro Rossi Casa Editrice Dott. Eugenio Jovene s.r.l. Giuseppe Guarino Giuseppe Mazzei Il Chiostro Vincenzo Lippolis ENEL Antonio Maccanico GRUPPO FERROVIE DELLO STATO Donato Marra Giovanni Ialongo Massimo Sarmi Giovanni Pieraccini POSTE ITALIANE S.P.A. Massimo Scioscioli Gaetano Blandini Paolo Agoglia Elisabetta Serafin SIAE Franco Bernabé Silvio Traversa TELECOM ITALIA Ugo Zampetti UNICREDIT Tesoriere Massimo Scioscioli Revisori dei Conti Gaetano De Vito - Sebastiano Piana - Francesco Sposato INDICE GIOVANNI PIERACCINI, Presentazione.................................................................. p. 7 SILVIO TRAVERSA, Introduzione........................................................................... » 11 ANTONIO MACCANICO, La nascita dell’ISLE ...................................................... » 15 ANTIGONO DONATI, I primi quindici anni dell’ISLE......................................... » 19 GIULIANO AMATO, La Scuola di Scienza e Tecnica della Legislazione.............. -
Refractory Migrants. Fascist Surveillance on Italians in Australia, 1922-1943
Saggi Refractory Migrants. Fascist Surveillance on Italians in Australia, 1922-1943 Gianfranco Cresciani Ministry for the Arts, New South Wales, Australia There are exiles that gnaw and others that are like consuming fire. There is a heartache for the murdered country… PABLO NERUDA We can never forget what happened to our country and we must always remind those responsible that we know who they are. ELIZABETH RIVERA One of the more salient and frightening aspects of European dictatorships during the Twentieth Century, in their effort to achieve totalitarian control of their societies, was the grassroots surveillance carried out by their state secu- rity organisations, of the plots and machinations of their opponents*. Nobody described better this process of capillary penetration in the minds and condi- tioning of the lives of people living under Communist or Fascist regimes than George Orwell in his book Nineteen Eighty-Four, published in 1949 and warning us on the danger of Newspeak, Doublethink, Big Brother and the Thought Police. However, the process of mass surveillance of refractory sub- jects preceded the rise of totalitarianism. The Ochrana in Tsarist Russia and the Direzione Generale di Pubblica Sicurezza (hereafter DGPS, Directorate- General of Public Safety) in Liberal Italy, to give just two examples, had al- 6 © Edizioni della Fondazione Giovanni Agnelli gennaio-giugno 2004 ready begun this screening practice at the end of the Nineteenth Century1. However, it was in the Twentieth Century that the obsession for pervasive, absolute -
Italia Bajo Craxi: ¿Una República Con Gobierno?
ITALIA BAJO CRAXI: ¿UNA REPÚBLICA CON GOBIERNO? Por WOLFGANG MERKEL SUMARIO I. ¿ES INESTABLE EL SISTEMA DE GOBIERNO ITALIANO?—II. «ESTABILIDAD» Y «DEBILIDAD» («FRAGILIDAD») DEL GOBIERNO CRAXI I. III. LA POLÍTICA PRESUPUESTARIA Y FINANCIERA.—IV. POLÍTICA LABORAL Y DE EMPLEO.— V. CONCLUSIÓN. I. ¿ES INESTABLE EL SISTEMA DE GOBIERNO ITALIANO? Sin duda alguna, los tópicos son duraderos. Teniendo su base a menudo en conceptos provocativamente agudos, éstos van perdiendo el estimulante in- telectual de la provocación en un ritual de monótonas repeticiones, hasta que acaban convirtiéndose en sentencias aburridas y sin valor —precisamente en tópicos—. La investigación sobre Italia no representa ninguna excepción al respecto. Fundados en la presunta inestabilidad del sistema político y en la frecuencia de los cambios de gobierno, los lugares comunes que se refie- ren a la ingobernabilidad o, mejor dicho, a la «malgobernabilidad» gozan de una publicidad y una longevidad especiales (1). Aun elaborando un análisis matizado, Percy A. Allum (1973) y Giuseppe di Palma (1977) no vacilaron (1) PERCY A. ALLUM: Italy • Republic Without Government, New York, 1973; GIUSEPPE DI PALMA: Surviving Without Goveming. The Italian Parties in Parliament, Berkeley-London, 1977; MICHAEL LEEDEN: «Italy in Crisis», en The Washington Papers, núm. 43, Beverly Hills-London, 1977; LUIGI GRAZIANO/SIDNEY TARROW (eds.): La crisi italiana, 2." ed., Turin, 1979; GIANFRANCO PASQUINO: Crisi dei partiti e governabilitá, Bologna, 1980; THEODOR WIESER/FREDERIC SPOTTS: Der Fall Italien. Dauerkrise einer schwierigen Demokratie, Frankfurt, 1983. 155 Revista de Estudios Políticos (Nueva Época) Núm. 59. Enero-Marzo 1988 WOLFGANG MERKEL en sintetizar el espíritu de la época (Zeitgeist), calificando a tlalia como «A Republic Without Government» o no viendo en el sistema político nada más que un «Surviving Without Governing». -
Italy's Atlanticism Between Foreign and Internal
UNISCI Discussion Papers, Nº 25 (January / Enero 2011) ISSN 1696-2206 ITALY’S ATLANTICISM BETWEEN FOREIGN AND INTERNAL POLITICS Massimo de Leonardis 1 Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Abstract: In spite of being a defeated country in the Second World War, Italy was a founding member of the Atlantic Alliance, because the USA highly valued her strategic importance and wished to assure her political stability. After 1955, Italy tried to advocate the Alliance’s role in the Near East and in Mediterranean Africa. The Suez crisis offered Italy the opportunity to forge closer ties with Washington at the same time appearing progressive and friendly to the Arabs in the Mediterranean, where she tried to be a protagonist vis a vis the so called neo- Atlanticism. This link with Washington was also instrumental to neutralize General De Gaulle’s ambitions of an Anglo-French-American directorate. The main issues of Italy’s Atlantic policy in the first years of “centre-left” coalitions, between 1962 and 1968, were the removal of the Jupiter missiles from Italy as a result of the Cuban missile crisis, French policy towards NATO and the EEC, Multilateral [nuclear] Force [MLF] and the revision of the Alliance’ strategy from “massive retaliation” to “flexible response”. On all these issues the Italian government was consonant with the United States. After the period of the late Sixties and Seventies when political instability, terrorism and high inflation undermined the Italian role in international relations, the decision in 1979 to accept the Euromissiles was a landmark in the history of Italian participation to NATO. -
Scelba, Mario
Scelba, Mario S. nacque a Caltagirone, in provincia di Catania, nel 1901. Sin da giovane si avvicinò al movimento cattolico, in particolare all’esponente di punta del neonato Partito popolare, don Luigi Sturzo, di cui divenne nel primo dopoguerra uno stretto collaboratore. Ostile al fascismo, come altri giovani esponenti del PPI, visse con amarezza la decisione di vari esponenti popolari di allinearsi al fascismo, nonché il cauto atteggiamento assunto dalla Chiesa cattolica nei confronti del regime. Durante gli anni della dittatura decise di rinunciare a un’attività politica aperta. Nel 1942 fu comunque uno dei primi esponenti cattolici a favorire la nascita nella clandestinità del nuovo partito che avrebbe assunto il nome di Democrazia cristiana (DC). Fin dalle prime fasi di vita della DC S. si collocò su moderate una linea moderata; le sue posizioni si rifacevano a quelle espresse da Alcide De Gasperi, tanto da essere nominato nel 1944, in occasione del primo congresso democristiano tenutosi a Napoli, vicesegretario del partito. Con la formazione del governo guidato da Ferruccio Parri, il ruolo di S. quale esponente di rilievo della DC era confermato dalla sua nomina a ministro delle Poste e Telecomunicazioni, incarico che egli mantenne nei due governi, guidati da De Gasperi tra la fine del 1945 e il 1946. In quest’ultimo anno S. veniva eletto all’Assemblea costituente e nel 1948 sarebbe divenuto deputato, restando membro dell’assemblea di Montecitorio sino al 1968 (da quell’anno fino al 1979 avrebbe ricoperto il ruolo di senatore). Nel 1947, con la fine dell’esperienza di coalizione antifascista e con l’uscita dal governo del Partito comunista italiano (PCI) e del Partito socialista italiano (PSI), De Gasperi formava un primo governo centrista, che avrebbe tra l’altro dovuto affrontare la difficile prova delle prime elezioni politiche dell’Italia repubblicana nell’aspro clima di scontro, accentuato dall’emergere della Guerra fredda. -
1 the Italian Decision of Joining The
The Italian decision of joining the EMS: Exchange rate commitment as a political argument in favour of institutional reforms* Anna Solé University Pompeu Fabra May, 7th, 2018 Abstract: During the negotiations about the European Monetary System (EMS), the Italian government consistently held the position that Italy was not going to join a “re-edited Snake”. However, when it became clear that the EMS would work under the hegemony of the German mark, just as the previous system did, the Italian government surprisingly changed position and decided to adhere to the new monetary arrangement, although this decision imposed unpopular reforms and threatened with provoking a government crisis. The debate on the convenience for Italy of participating in the EMS shows that besides the discussion on the new monetary system, other important discussions, concerning institutional reforms, were also taking place. In many occasions, EMS membership was used to justify the need for other institutional reforms that did not enjoy enough political support to be implemented. In particular, the reform of the wage indexation mechanism and the change in the status of the Banca d’Italia are examples of how the exchange rate commitment and the European compromises were used to impose measures that were very unpopular and, otherwise, would have been very difficult to carry out. Introduction: On the 5th of December 1978, the agreement of the European Monetary System (EMS) was signed by six of the nine members of the EEC. The United Kingdom decided to stay out, whereas Italy and Ireland were given some additional time to take their final decision. -
Elezione a Presidente Del Senato
SENATO DELLA REPUBBLICA VIII LEGISLATURA 530a SEDUTA PUBBLICA RESOCONTO STENOGRAFICO GIOVEDI" 9 DICEMBRE 1982 Presidenza del vice presidente MORLINO, indi del vice presidente OSSICINI e del presidente MORLINO INDICE CALENDARIO DEI LAVORI DELL'ASSEM- Votazione Pag. 10 BLEA . Pag. 4 Insediamento del Presidente 11 . CONGEDI 3 ENTI PUBBLICI CONSIGLIO D'EUROPA Trasmissione di documenti 18 Elezione di vice presidente della delega- zione italiana . .. o..... 14 GOVERNO CORTE COSTITUZIONALE Accettazione delle dimissioni del secondo Governo Spadolini e composizione del Ordinanze emesse da autorità giurisdizioo quinto Governo Fanfani S nali per il giudizio di legittimità 18 Trasmissione di documenti . 16 Trasmissione di sentenze 19 DISEGNI DI LEGGE ORDINE DEL GIORNO PER LE SEDUTE DI VENERDI' 10 DICEMBRE 1982 . 19 Annunzio di presentazione 14 Assegnazione . 14 PARLAMENTO EUROPEO Nuova classificazione . 14 Trasmissione di risoluzioni 18 Presentazione di relazioni . 15 Trasmissione dalla Camera dei deputati 14 PROCEDIMENTI D'ACCUSA Trasmissione di ordinanze da parte della DOMANDE DI AUTORIZZAZIONE A PRO- CEDERE IN GIUDIZIO Commissione parlamentare . 3 Deferimento 18 SENATO, UFFICIO DI PRESIDENZA ELEZIONE DEL PRESIDENTE Cessazione dalla carica del presidente Fan- fani e del vice presidente Ferralasco: PRESIDENTE . 8, 9 SPADACCIA(Misto-PR) . 8 PRESIDENTE............. 7 TIPOGRAFIA DEL SENATO (1200) ~ 4 Senato della Repubblica ~ 8 ~ VIII Legislatura 530a SEDUTA ASSEMBLEA - RESOCONTO STENOGRAFICO 9 DICEMBRE1982 Con la sua comunicazione il presidente funzionari del Senato per l'amichevole, af- Fanfani scandisce un momento significativo fettuosa collaborazione manifestata nei miei della sua biografia umana e politica ed un riguardi anche in momenti per me partico- momento importante nella vita del Senato larmente difficili. della Repubblica. Voglia gradire, signor Vice Presidente, j Es,primo a !I1ome di tutti i senatori e mio miei più deferenti ossequi.