Proceedings of the Society Ofbritish Neurological Surgeons Complete Ablation of the Adenoma and the Pituitary the TRANSCALLOSAL APPROACH to INTERIOR Was Required
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J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.31.1.85 on 1 February 1968. Downloaded from J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 1968, 31, 85-90 Proceedings of the Society of British Neurological Surgeons The 76th meeting of the Society of British Neurological Surgeons was held in New York on 10-14 October 1967 as a joint meeting with the Neurosurgical Society of America. THE TRANSPORT OF SUGARS BY THE CHOROID PLEXUS a positive d.c. shift. These changes were suppressed when pentobarbital was used but present with N20 and KEASLEY WELCH and KEITH SADLER (Denver) said that ether. The caudal segment was refractory to strychnine they had studied the transport of D-glucose, D-galactose, tetanus for 5-10 min, and, presumably, all elements L-arabinose, and fructose by comparing the concentra- participated in this change, which was probably associa- tion of sugar in new choroidal cerebrospinal fluid, ted with the d.c. shift. sampled by the method of de Rougemont et al., with concentration in plasma under a variety of circum- MUSCLE SPLITTING APPROACHES TO THE stances. CERVICO-DORSAL SPINE For galactose, arabinose, and fructose the transport was clearly co-operative, little sugar entering new fluid WILLIAM E. HUNT (Columbus, Ohio) said that the ;trong at low plasma levels, but when these were raised a transverse pull of trapezius and rhomboid muscles guest. Protected by copyright. disproportionate increase occurred. For glucose the causes severe post-operative pain and occasional wound mechanism seemed slightly co-operative in that at low dehiscence following midline incisions in the cervico- concentrations there was a proportionate increase with dorsal region. increase in plasma concentration. A transverse incision with under-cutting of the median The flows of individual sugars and the interactions raphe for bilateral high dorsal laminectomy, and an between the flow of one and that of another could not be oblique incision for unilateral approach to the lower accounted for on the basis of ordinary theory of carrier cervical facets was described. Particular attention to the mediated transport. They had attempted to deal with the precise conformation of the spines and laminae made behaviour on the basis of a model by Cangeux et al. reliable identification of the level possible. which accounted for co-operative effects on the basis of These approaches had been in regular use for over 10 the highly-ordered lattice structure of the membrane. years without wound complications. THE SEPARATION OF CRANIOPAGUS TWINS A POSTERO-LATERAL APPROACH TO CERVICAL OSTEOPHYTIC DISC LESIONS E. A. O'CONNELL described his experience JOHN (London) a with the separation of three pairs of twins, each with a A. A. JEFFERSON (Sheffield) described postero-lateral complete parietal craniopagus. He stressed three points. approach to cervical disc lesions. The posterior cervical of the scalp incision to afford direct muscles were divided transversely at the level of the lesion Firstly, placement could be combined with a laminectomy. access to the line of contact between the brains. Secondly, and this approach of the venous return of at least one Almost horizontal access to the front of the theca preservation brain, http://jnnp.bmj.com/ effective coverage of the large area exposed was obtained by extending the bone removal laterally and, thirdly, the medial of the articular facet. Two by dura, scalp, and a rigid replacement for the bone. to include portion of investigation, especially by angio- adjacent lesions had frequently been excised; on one The importance three discs had been operated upon. was stressed. In each pair of twins there had been occasion adjacent graphy, Five of the patients had pain as their main symptom, one survivor. The operative procedure in one pair was and illustrated. the remainder showed evidence of 'myelopathy'. Of 27 described operated patients, none were worse, four were unchanged, 13 were improved, while 10 were classified as good or AN EXPERIMENTAL STUfDY OF THE ELECTRICAL very good. Six previously incapacitated males had ACTIVITY OF THE SPINAL CORD returned to work. on September 25, 2021 by DONALD L. ERICKSON, WILLIAM E. BRADLEY, SHELLEY N. TREATMENT OF ACROMEGALY CHOU, and LYLE A. FRENCH (Minneapolis, Minn.) said that electrical activity of the spinal cord had been studied by PHILIP HARRIS, W. M. HUNTER, and JUDITH STEEL (Edin- surface recordings of a.c. and d.c. potential changes. burgh) described the tests for human growth hormone Immediately following transection by local cooling there using a radio-immune assay. They said that external was slowing and hypersynchrony of a.c. activity and irradiation of the pituitary was inadequate and that 85 J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.31.1.85 on 1 February 1968. Downloaded from 86 Proceedings of the Society ofBritish Neurological Surgeons complete ablation of the adenoma and the pituitary THE TRANSCALLOSAL APPROACH TO INTERIOR was required. If the adenoma was confined to the sella BRAIN TUMOURS it could be ablated by stereotaxic cryogenic techniques. If there were evidence of extra-sellar extension then total GEORGE EHNI (Houston, Texas) described his experiences excision of gland and adenoma by craniotomy was with 12 patients having tumours in the region of the third necessary. Post-operative radiotherapy and operative ventricle in whom he had used a transcallosal approach. risks were discussed. The technique of this exposure was described in detail and illustrative case histories given. He stressed the need GROWTH HORMONE ASSAYS AND HISTOLOGY IN for both angiography and ventriculography for proper PITUITARY LESIONS localization to plan the approach. The cases had included gliomas, epidermoids, colloid ROBERT S. KNIGHTON (Detroit, Mich.) reported a study cysts, and a haematoma. In two malignant gliomas of eight patients with acromegaly and one pituitary giant recurrences had been also removed through the same in whom growth hormone assays had been correlated approach. There were four deaths in the series and one with the histological features of their tumours. Light survivor had had a temporary hemiplegia. microscopy showed predominance of eosinophils in three, hyperplasia in one, amphophils in one and equal numbers in the others. Electron microscopy showed all SOME NEW NEUROSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS cells to contain secretory granules which differed in their quantity and distribution, being most dense in the PHILIP HARRIS (Edinburgh) described a new cordotomy eosinophils, which also had prominent Golgi apparatus knife and instruments for anterior operations on the and alpha-cytomembranes. There was no correlation cervical spine and cord including trans-oral atlanto- between growth hormone levels and quantity of secretory axial fusion. Other items described included a grinder, granules and they presumed that there must be some with a variety of burrs, plastic foam neck supports, a additional mechanism governing release of hormone cranio-spinal support for spinal injuries, and scalp-skullguest. Protected by copyright. into the blood stream. radio-opaque markers for stereotaxic operations. STEREOTACTIC TREATMENT OF INTRASELLAR PrIUITARY TUMOURS AND ACROMEGALY AREA 24 REVISTED: A 15-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF 100 CONSECUrIVE CASES OF ANTERIOR CINGULATE LOWS W. CONWAY and WILLIAM F. COLLINS (Richmond, ISOLATION CARRIED OUT FOR THE TREATMENT OF Virg., and New Haven, Conn.) reported the results CHRONIC PSYCHOSES of eight cases of acromegaly with intrasellar tumour treated by stereotactic destruction of the tumour with KENNETH E. LIVINGSTON and BRUCE N. KVERNLAND follow-up to two to 18 months. Five cases were treated (Minneapolis, Minn.) said that between 1949 and 1953 with yttrium-90 and 3 by cryosurgery. Growth hormone, 102 consecutive patients from a chronic mental hospital adrenal, thyroid, gonad, and posterior pituitary function population were subjected to a restricted frontal lobotomy was assessed before and after operation. They concluded designed to isolate the anterior cingulate gyrus. A study that the treatment of intrasellar growth hormone pro- of this group of patients over a 14-18 yr follow-up period ducing tumours with yttrium was effective in decreasing provided the basis of their report. circulating hormone levels and reversing acromegalic Since clinical lobotomy fell from grace in the early symptoms and signs while preserving other pituitary 1950's, experimental studies in a number of fields had functions. Cryosurgical destruction was effective in provided a substantial body of information which may decreasing growth hormone levels but less effective provide some insight into questions raised by lobotomy in preserving normal pituitary function. in its more empirical forms. Some of these possible correlations were discussed. http://jnnp.bmj.com/ THE TRANSCLIVAL APPROACH TO THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE BRAIN-STEM TREATMENT OF MYELOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH SPONDYLOSIS JOHN E. ADAMS, ROLAND K. PERKINS, and RONALD J. CERVICAL STONEY (San Francisco) said that the transcervical retropharyngeal transclival approach was a feasible DOUGLAS PHILLIPS (Bristol) said that initial treatment one for lesions anterior to the brain-stem from foramen could be immobilization to prevent further trauma. A Minerva collar with headband was well- magnum to midbrain level. They had used it in 10 modified plaster on September 25, 2021 by patients: five chordomas, one meningioma, one chondro- tolerated for three months, thereafter a short collar sarcoma, two basilar impressions,