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AUSTRALIA'S MARITIME JOURNAL Jam*, »59 1' "NAVY

THE UNITED SHIP SERVICES PTY. LTD. Vol. 22 JANUARY No. 1

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January, 1959 3 THE NAVY LEAGUE DRIBARM OF AUSTRALIA COMMONWEALTH PRINCIPLES . . . PATRON: Bis Excellency The Governor-General.

FEDERAL COUNCIL: Britain's Prime Minister finds them COMPRESSED YEAST-VACUUM PACKED President: Rear Admiral B. A. Showers, CB.E. (Retd.). Deputy President: Cdr. R. A. Nettle- ford. DSC. V.R.D.. BJLKJt, "Absolutely without Example in History" "Dribarm" is a special form of Compressed Yeast, Secretary: Comdr. R. P. Mlddlaton, 03.E. dried under scientific conditions and carefully com­ WN his speech at the Royal creeds. Last year we wel­ it is more ambitious, and in a pounded with a suitable yeast food. Specially suitable New South Wales Division: Patron: His Excellency The Governor S Acadamy dinner in London, comed Ghana and Malaya to way more exciting. In a family when not accessible to, or supplied by, bakers. of New South Wale*. our counsels. of nations there must, of President: Rear Admiral B. A. the United Kingdom Prime Showers. C.B.E. Minister. Mr. Harold Macmil- "These changes are revolu­ course, be differences of em­ Obtainable from: Merchants, Stores, Grocers, Secretary: Comdr. R. P. Mlddleton. phasis and approach on this OJBJL !an, made the following refer­ tionary in character and, so or direct from the Proprietors: Hon. Treasurer: F. E. Trigg, Esq. point or that, but our unity is ence to his recent Common­ far as I know, absolutely with­ out example in history. The strong, and why! Because it Victorian Division: is founded on the things in l';iiron: His Excellency The Governor wealth tour and to the world has seen the decline and MAURI BROTHERS & THOMSON LIMITED of Victoria. which we ultimately all be­ President: Captain J. P. Williams, principles which unite the fall of many great Empires— O.B.E. Members of the Common­ we have all read their story— lieve and had their origin in The Compressed Yeast Co. Secretary: H. E. Touzel, 443 Little this little island. Collins Street. Melbourne. wealth. no one has ever seen this mys­ terious and almost incredible BOX SI, P.O., WATERLOO, N.S.W. South Australian Division: "What are these things? Patron: His Excellency The Governor "In Australia and New development in the structure First and foremost—freedom, of South Australia. President: Surgeon-Comdr. R. F. Zealand I felt a tremendous the freedom of the individual, Matters (Retd.). exhilaration, so (treat was the under the law, the right to Hon. Sec: Lieut. Cmdr. D.A.J. LU- demonstration of overwhelm­ llcrapp. V.R.D., R.A.N.R. lRetd.l. think what you like, say what 19 t-uiham Park Drive. Fulham ing devotion to the causes Uuraens, S.A. THE FOUR GREAT you like and, within the law, which Britain and the British Tssmsnian Division: to do what you like. And with Patron: Vice Admiral Sir Guy Wyatt. people have served and will THINGS IN WHICH freedom have come free in­ K.B.E., C3., R.N. (Retd,)- continue to serve throughout President: W. E. C. Hodgman, Q.C.. WE BELIEVE stitutions—Parliamentary and M.H.A. the world. Naturally, what 1 and local government; an im­ Hon. Sec: Comdr. O- E. W. W. Bayly O.B.E.. V.R.D.. R.A.N.V.R. (Retd.). saw in Australia and New * The Freedom of the in­ partial civil service and an 726 Sandy Bay Road, Lower Sandy Zealand is equally true in independent judiciary. And Bay, Hobart. dividual under the law. EZDA Canada, which I visited at the above all the belief that the Wstfsrn Australian Division: Patron: Bis Excellency The Governor end of last year and hope to * Free Institutions—Parlia­ machinery of the State exists ZINC BASE DIE CASTING ALLOY of Western Australia. visit again in a few weeks. President: D. W. Brisbane. Esq mentary and local Gov- to be the servant and not the Hon. See.-Hon. Treas.: K. Olson. The old Commonwealth coun­ master of its citizens—not to conforming in composition with Esq., 82 Blencowe Street, West tries are full of life and vigour. . emmant. Leederrllle, W.A. hamper or restrict thought— British Standard Specification 1004 Queensland Division: There are fundamental loyalties • An impartial Civil Ser­ but to open up a wider and Pstron: Bis Excellency The oovernoi and traditions are stronger fuller life for the individual. of Queensland vice and an independent President: Comdr. N. 8. Ptxli-y. than ever. But what was All these purposes and princi­ produced by M.B.E.. V.R.D., R.A.N.R. (Retd.). perhaps even more re­ judiciary. ples are now under pressure Ryan House, Eagle Street, Brisbane Hon. Sec: G. B. O'Neill. Esq., Box markable were the feelings and challenge. In a great part 376E.. G.P.o., Brisbane. which I found in the new Com­ • The Belief that the Australian Capital Territory Diviiion: of the world they are, alas, ELECTROLYTIC ZINC COMPANY President: Hla Excellency, O. E. L. monwealth countries, in India, machinery of the State nothing but sad memories of Alderton. c.M.G. (High commls- in Pakistan, and Ceylon. I exists to be the servant distant hopes. Yet 1 am per­ OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED sloner for New Zealand). Hon. Sec-Hon. Treas,: Comdr. A. D. found a real sense of partner­ and not the master of suaded that it is the special McLachlan. R A.N. (Retd.), 49 ship in the truest sense of the task of the Commonwealth to 360 COLLINS STREET, MELBOURNE Froggatt Street. Turner. Canberra. its citizen!. A.C.T. 'Phone: J 2311. word. The past ten years show in practice, as well as have seen immense changes in in theory, that these principles is used in the production of AUSTRALIAN SEA CADET COUNCIL: the fabric of the Common­ which we hold so dear still Representatives of the Naval Board: wealth. To an association of meet the fundamental needs of high quality die castings Director of Naval Reserves, Capt, countries which owed its unity of the Commonwealth which O. D. Tailored, DJB.C. has strengthened it instead of the human spirit, even in a Comdr. P. R. James. R.A.N. to common origin and to a world so conscious, and some­ by members of Representatives of The Navy League: common allegiance to the weakened it—which has in it Comdr. R. A. NetUefold, D.S.C.. the seeds, not of decay, but of times so oppressed, by the V.R.D.. R.A.N.VJt. Crown, there have been added physical advances which it has THE ZINC ALLOY DIE CASTERS' ASSOCIATION L. O. Pearson. Esq.; L. Forsyth*. new members of different his­ a new growth. Of course it is Esq. different from what many of us achieved, and so tempted to OF AUSTRALIA Lieut. (8.) P. O. Brans. R A N v R tories, different backgrounds. lose the ideal in the ma­ Hon tec: Comdr. R. P. " different races ami different knew and revered. But it is OBJ. not only something different, terial ..." THE NAVY Januaiy, l«* I MALAYA SOUTHEY'S NAVAL BROTHER THE MULTI-RACIAL MEMBER AND HIS LIFE OF NELSON OF THE COMMONWEALTH HE creation of a master­ creasing his renutation as a By Oliver Warner in T piece is always a matter writer, the editor of the "Quar­ "The Navy" N 31st August, 1958, thd Indians from the Coroniandel Because of the nearness of for wonder, and there is a terly" sent a number of books them down, he was scarcely O Federation of Malaya cel­ Coast whose residence in north­ Sumatra — a mere hundred strange story behind one of the for review to Greta Hall, Kes­ able to take them up! And ebrated the first anniversary west Malaya a thousand years miles from Penang — Indones­ most perfect biographies in the wick, where Southey lived. yet they contained one of the of her independence. On thai or more ago has left cultural ian immigration, though not in language — Southey's "Life of He found himself confronted world's finest stories. "1 have occasion she received the con­ and linguistic traces. large numbers in recent cen­ Nelson." It was at one time with four separate lives of just invented a new mode of gratulations of many nations turies, has inevitably occurred. "required reading" in a Navy Nelson, the first of which had criticism," he wrote wryly to Later, Chinese had arrived against which Nelson himself appeared three years earlier. his brother Tom, who was in and people for the stability in Malaya and had started to Again, because of the absence which lias marked the course of a natural frontier barrier once fought, that of indepen­ The latest and most important, the Navy, "which is to send mine tin. Occasional European dent North America. Editions the "official" biography, was the book to be weighed . . . of the first year of her independ­ adventurers reached the shores between Malaya and Thailand, ent existence. Not the least of many Siamese are to be found still multiply, for it retains its only just out. The editor sug­ and then calculate its faults of what Ptolemy termed "The power to please. It is indeed, gested that Southey should by the pound." As for the the factors that have contrib­ (iolden Chersonese" but it was living on the Malayan side of uted to this stability are the the border. as Sir Humphry Davy once give the four studies a long authors of the big joint pro­ not until the Portugese con­ said: "An immortal monument notice. The pay would be good. duction, "of M'Arthur the close ties of freindship which quest of Malacca in 1511 thai The Malay by tradition and link Malaya with other nations raised by genius to valour." Southey would have 20 guineas public knows little or nothing," inclination is a country dweller It began with a parcel. One a "sheet" in stead of his usual he said, "but as no co-operator of the Commonwealth. It is and most of the country's agri- indeed entirely fitting that day in 1809, when Nelson had 10; a "sheet" consisted of 16 could injure the progress of his •ulturc is in his hands. Many been dead only four years and colleague, it was reasonably to Malaya should belong to the Malays are padi planters or Commonwealth of Nations, for A BRIEF HISTORICAL SUR­ when Southey, then in his be assumed that any one would smallholders raising other middle thirties, was swiftly in- improve it." So much for the like the Commonwealth, she is VEY OF THE IMMIGRANT crops. While the Malaya plays ONE OF THE MOST PER- multi-racial. Reverend Mr. Stanier Clarke, TIDES THAT LEFT THEIR no great part in the Malayan FECT BIOORi KPHIES OF Librarian to the Prince of Although the Federation of rubber estate industry there ONE Wales! Malaya is no larger than New FLOOD OF PEOPLE ON are many thousands of Malayan MALAYA—from opposite page OF THE MOST PER- York State or England without THE MALAYAN ISTHMUS rubber smallholders. Most of hybrid tongue understood by FECT AD VURALS Southey's opening pages Wales, the population com­ the fishermen too, are Malays. most of the population. While were, indeed, a severe assess­ prises people of no fewer than Upper class and educated differences of religion and ment of writers and illustrators eleven different stocks—Mal­ Malays tend to be found custom have prevented large- pages, each of about 500 words. alike, and they were a delibe­ ays, Chinese, Tamils. Telcgus, a lasting European element was mainly in the countiy's admin­ scale intermarriage of Malaya's Sitting down to think the rate challenge. Although by Malayalis, Sikhs, Eurasians introduced. istration and as professional races, there has generally been matter over, Southey decided nature modest, Southey felt Europeans. Siamese, Indones­ men. a friendlly tolerance of the he could manage to boil down able to prove that he himself ians and aborigines. Immigration of Chinese and " foreign " neighbour. The Chinese with their strong the essential narrative of could do better, much better.. To understand why so many Indians in large numbers is The Chief Minister, Tunku trading instinct, tend to dom­ Nelson's career to about 40 His readers should judge for people have made this small comparatively recent. Similarly, (Prince) Abdul Rahman, and inate the towns and most of the pages; add a little space for themselves. but rich country their home it the opening up of Malay's his (iovernment have put the country's industries arc criticism, and the article would The review appeared in the is necessary to glance briefly great rubber estates during the emphasis strongly on active Chinese-owned. Nevertheless, yield him between £50 and " Quarterly" for February, into history. same period attracted to the inter-racial co-operation in the Chinese are to be found in £60. What sobered him was 1810, and the editor perceived country thousands of south interests of the country as a The Malays, who number every conceivable enterprise the sheer amount of informa­ that there was the germ of a Indians, mainly Tamils, in the whole. Each group has much about three million, have by in Malaya and without their tion in the tomes on the table classic in what his contributor hope of better economic con­ to lose by inter-communal far the longest recorded asso­ energy and hard work the before him. The official biog­ had furnished. Southey waa ditions. troubles and for this, if for no ciation with the country, the development of the country raphy, which was by James offered 100 guineas for an am­ higher, reason it is confidently aborigines excepted, and they The British connection with would have been much less Stanier Clarke, Librarian to plification of his article. It was hoped that Malaya will demon­ are generally regarded as the Malaya began in 1786 when the rapid. the Prince of Wales, and John to be in the form of a book sons of the soil. As the aborig­ island of Pcnang was leased strate to the world in the years M'Arthur, was unwieldly in which could be sold to the ines, of whom there are seven I to the Kast India Company; but Although there arc as many to come that people of different shape (the two volumes public for " about a dollar," varieties, are jungle-dwelling it was not until 1874 that there languages in use in Malaya as origins, languages and cultures weighed about 23 lb., and were as the popular life of England's Stone Age people, they take no was direct British influence on there are ethnic groups, the may combine to maintain and five inches thick!; they lacked hero. He accepted. Something part in the development of th" the development of the Malay national language is Malay and increase the prosperity and an index; and the matter was of the sort was badly needed, country, although one has just States. Since then many thous­ for years to come, anyway, harmony of their common home­ undigested. The other lives so he discovered. For instance, been nominated to the Federal ands of British men have made English will undoubtedly be land. also had their deficiencies. an unlettered neighbour had Legislative Council. their careers in rubber, tin and used. The lingua franca is — Issued by the Federation Southey, in fact, might well recently christened his cat The next race to reach Mal­ the Malayan (iovernment ser­ "Bazaar Malay", a simple. of Malaya Information Ser­ have said to himself that, so Lord Nelson, without the aya in any large numbers were vices. (Concluded on opposite page) vices. far from being unable to put faintest notion of what the real

THE NAVY J«HMry, 195? T one had achieved for his coun­ lose the spring sale." Fast as In the "Bellona" six made Thompson, a brave officer and try. Yet, as Southey told his printers worked in those days, up a gun's crew, and the mis­ a favourite with Nelson. When brother, "when a warrior's it was not of 1811 that he was haps were recorded as follows in command of the " Leander," name finds it way to fishing- thinking, but of the year ahead, in the book: Thompson had played a not­ smacks, ale-house signs, dogs, Actually, proofs of the first "Both in the 'Bellona' and able part at the Battle of the Wilh. WILHELMSEN AGENCY cats and tulips — then indeed chapters did not go to Tom the Isis' many men were lost Nile, his being the smallest he may be said to be truly until the summer of 1812. by the bursting of their guns. ship of the line to be engaged. PTY. LTD. famous . . ." Other commitments had not The former ship was about 40 Later, he had been sent home Southey made thorough allowed Robert to work as years old,t and these guns with Nelson's despatches, and, SYDNEY AND MELBOURNE preparation, for he hoped to ([uickly as he had hoped. In were believed to be the same although the "Leander" had contribute at least something the meantime, he was able to which she had first taken to the ill-fortune to be captured original. His brother Tom had do his brother a god turn. Tom sea; they were, probably, off Crete, on he way home, by served under Nelson in H.M.S. had been a lieutenant since originally faulty, for the frag­ the greatly superior " Gene- Representative for: "Bellona" at the battle of 1799. Robert sought the in­ reux," one of the two French ments were full of air holes." WILHELMSEN LINES, OSLO Copenhagen. lie was then on terest of his friend Orosvenor (Chapter VII.) ships which had escaped from half-pay ashore, living at Bedford, who was well placed Aboukir Bay, he had defended AUSTRALIA-WEST PACIFIC LINE, HELSINBORC Bishop's Auckland. Robert's in the Civil Service. As a re­ A week after his first in­ himself so well that he was letters to Tom have happily sult, on 1st August, 1811, Tom quiries, Robert wrote: knighted for his behaviour. AMERICAN PIONEER LINE, NEW YORK "You used to speak of the been preserved.* They afford was promoted commander, the But, at Copenhagen, he came SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINES SYSTEM, STOCKHOLM means of tracing how much highest rank he ever attained. dead lying in shoal water at to grief. He himself lost a Tom's comments helped to But even Bedford could not get Copenhagen; there was the leg in action, and he grounded make the biography come alive. him a ship. boatswain's mate or somebody his ship in the early stages of The work actually began on asked for, when he was lying the encounter. Southey's pas­ The book proceeded steadily, face upward under the stern 26th April, 1811. "To-day," if slowly, until December, 1812, sage runs as follows: "You have made me glad I Navy and four of the Royal Robert reported, "I resumed or somewhere ... I believe "The 'Bellona' . . . kept too have written," he said in a New Zealand Navy graduated when the author came to grips I am making a most impressive the long-suspended Life of with his chapter on the Baltic close to the starboard shoal, letter dated 17th April, 1813, at the Royal Australian Naval Nelson, with which I shall narrative by your help ... I and grounded abreast of the when the book was appearing. campaign of 1801. There, if am such a sad lubber that I College at Jervis Bay (A.C.T.) hurry on, that Hurray may not anywhere, he felt he could outer ship of the enemy; this "I am not a little pleased the • British Museum: Additional MS. feel half ashamed even to re­ was the more vexatious, inas­ errors were so few and of such on Thursday, December 11th. score. Tom had first-hand in­ view the life of Nelson, much 30.927. formation, some of which much as the wind was fair, the little import ... I think it will The prizes were presented by more to write one. Had I not room ample, and three ships make its way, for, in spite of Robert remembered, and more been a thorough lubber I His Excellency the Governor- of which he now requested. had led the way. The ' Russel,' all obstacles, my reputation should have remembered half following the ' Bellona,' seems to ride as buoyant as a General (Field Marshall Sir Always aik for . . . "All day I have been wait­ a hundred things worthy of re­ grounded in like manner; both petrel upon the waves." William Slim, G.C.B.. G.C.M.G., ing to get into action," he membrance . . . There is some­ were within reach of shot; but G.C.V.O., G.B.E., D.S.O., M.C.) wrote on Christmas Eve, 1812, Southey was right. His book thing ridiculous, and some­ their absence from their in­ who also took the salute at a "and I would give one of my did indeed " make its way," SHELLEY'S thing like quackery in writing tended stations were severely ears for your help. Do send and Murray, the publisher, march past of all the cadet- this, about which I so little felt. (Chapter VII.) FAMOUS DRINKS me as soon as you possibly can understand ... I walk among generously paid him a further midshipmen under training. Thompson's mismanagement, 100 guineas for the second a letter of recollections . . . sea terms as a cat does in a After going on leave the 26 things worthy of note before china-pantry, in bodily fear of besides ruining Nelson's dis­ printing which was soon de­ Obtainable from leading positions, might well have led manded. But two ironic cir­ graduated cadet-midshipmen the battle, in and after it, etc. doing mischief and betraying joined the R.A.N. cadet-train­ shops and saloons How came your guns in the myself. And yet there will to the defeat of the whole cumstances may be noted in squadron, had not Nelson been connection with its appearance. ing-ship Swan early this month "Bellona" to be in such a statef come a good book of it, I verily and will spend 14 weeks in ... Nelson's are all good battles believe." a peerless tactician. As for In the very year of publication the campaign in general, of this, the most perfect of her. On satisfactory com­ CORDIAL FACTORY for narration, which is not Thinking once more of the pletion of their training in the often the case with battles." Southey was one of the few Southey's works in prose, he "Bellona," he remarked: "I writers who showed some kind­ was appointed Poet Laureate, Swan they will be promoted The reference to the "Bel- have touched your old tyrant, ness for the Commander-in- in recognition of his far less midshipmen, and will leave SHELLEY & SONS lona's" guns was due to the Sir Thomas, gently, but upon a Chief, Sir Hyde Parker, who distinguished verse. And Australia on April 23rd to do fact that some of them burst sore place, imputing no blame, endured the mortification of Stanier Clarke, the biographer 16 months' training at the m. LTD. in the course of the fight, kill­ but stating every circumstance, seeing his brilliant subordinate whose capacity Southey rated Royal Naval College at Dart­ ing their crews. which makes misconduct an do all the work and achieve all so low, was a" illy preferred mouth (England). MURRAY STREET "Tell me all about your guns (almost) unavoidable infer­ the glory. Parker had his to him for thi onorific post ence." At the end of the training and what loss they occasioned," merits. "A jealous man, or a of Historiograph, - Royal! in England they will be prom­ MARRICKV1LLE Robert continued. "Were they Tom's "old tyrant" was Cap­ conceited man, would not have oted acting sub-lieutenants and not honey -combed 1 Were you tain Sir Thomas Boulden let Nelson do anything"; such those in the R.A.N, will return HAW. not saying when you pulled was Southey's view. EMBRYO "NELSONS" FOR tShe was. In fact, launched at tc Australia to undergo sea- the trigger, 'Here goes the When, at last, Southey had THE R. AN training in ships of the Aus­ •Phone: LA 5461 Chatham In 1750 and fought her death of six!' t This is a thing Drat action in the year following completed his task, he wrote to Twenty-two cadet- midship­ tralian Fleet before beginning that would be felt." (British Admiralty Records). his brother in warm terms: men of the Royal Australian their specialist branch duties.

• THI NAVY January, 195? • ROYAL NAVY'S NEW WEAPON WARTIME WINDJAMMINC A British Government bomb this aircraft would be a K necessitates stopping a 700-ton TO BE EQUIPPED "/"\* of them flamin' tubes ^* decision to make the most formidable addition to trawler like "Duneton" for a the striking power of the Roval \J 'as started to leak again, Blackburn N.A. :i9 Strike ONE OF THE WORLD'S minimum of 36 hours — a most Navy." Sir: I alius said as 'ow they SHE WAS A STEAM TRAW­ Aircraft available to the Fleet OUTSTANDING AIRCRAFT should 'HVC replaced the lot undesirable proceeding when LER WHOSE BOILERS HAD Air Ann was contained in an Since the initial flight from while they were at it." there is a possibility of U-boats Thurleigh. the aircraft has DIED THROUGH "RACK being in the vicinity. announcement made by the Aerodrome at Thurleigh, near We were on our way back Ministry of Defence recently. been flown north to Hulme on to the West Coast of Africa in END" JOBS. RIGGED WITH There was nothing for it, Bedford, on April 30, it has though, but to blow down, post This decision has. considerable Spalding Moor, the former His Majesty's Armed Trawler CANVAS, SHE "LOOKED been the centre of interest and I'.S. Air Force aerodrome, a look-outs, place all confidential significance, as it will give the "Duneton" after a refit in LIKE SOME WEIRD PIRATE speculation in the world of few miles from the Blackburn Cape Town, where they had matter in weighted bags, and Royal Navy its first aircraft to Aircraft Company's main JUNK FROM ANOTHER await the opportunity of be specially designed for a aviation. replaced a number of defective factory and headquarters at boiler tubes instead of giving WORLD" — RUT SHE sealing off the defective tube. Naval role, and one which in For security reasons, little BrougV Kast Yorkshire. There its a completely new set. So we did. and when the every respect has no equal in information about the aircraft further flight trials are taking Trouble, as predicted by the SAILED furnaces had cooled down its particular class. has yet been released, but place. Chief, had caught up with us sufficiently, the stokers fixed sufficient is known to make it The immediate effect of the and he burst unceremoniously stoppers in two leaking tubes. "This aircraft will be one of the most discussed air- by J. N. Burgess in "The Then we raised steam and capable of performing a strike Government decision will be into IIIV cabin to report the crafts of the decade. Its the placing of orders for long fact. Navy" proceeded hopefully on our role against targets at sea ami importance to the Xavy is way. on land and of providing air dated materials and the neces­ emphasized by the statement of We had reached Latitude 5 We steameil slowly for a support for land operations." sary jigs and tools for the first the First Sea Lord (Admiral deg. South, Longitude 5 deg. few miles until the steam pres­ said the Ministry of Defence batch of the aircraft, but it of the Fleet Lord Mountbatten Hast, some 500 miles to the sure rose, and we were just announcement, "and in the has not been announced that threaded at both ends, to of Burma. K.G., etc.) last westward of the Congo mouth, about to increase revolutions low level strike role the N.A. any contract has yet been which metal discs can be March when he described it as when evidence of the leak and thank our stars that we 39 is ahead of any other air­ signed. screwed to prevent leakage "the world's first specially became noticeable. And leaking were a fighting unit again, craft in the world." designed low level high speed Discussing the present state tubes in that position meant into the combustion chambers. when a voice of gloom came up The X.A. 39 was seen in strike aircraft,-' and by the of development of the aircraft that our situation was hardly It is, of course, necessary to the engine-room voice pipe: at a Press Conference in an enviable one, without taking public for the first time at last comment contained in the draw fires and allow the "There's three more of the London shortly after the into account the fact that our year's Farnborough Air Show, explanatory statement to the furnaces and combustion muckers gone now: well need hut ever since it made its Xavy Estimates 1957/58 that Government decision was made W/T transmitter was defective chambers to cool down before as well. to stop again." maiden test flight from the "with its considerable range known. Mr. Eric Turner, men can enter to fix the tube- Chairman and Managing Direc­ To cut a long story short, we Royal Aircraft Establishments and ability to carry an atomic As it was. the combination stoppers in place. So that the tor of Blackburn and General repeated the procedure over of defects made us all wish we process of inserting them and over again during the Aircraft Ltd, is reported to were back in Walvis Bay, have said that the third proto­ which we had left a few days type MA. 39 of an initial order before, or safely inside the NICOL BROS. PTY. LTD. for twenty development models breakwater at Takoradi where INCORPORATING would fly within the next few we were bound. WAILES DOVE BITUMASTIC PRODUCTS PENGUIN HEAVY LIFTING PTY. LTD. weeks. Plans had already been In a Scotch boiler, the hot made for "tooling up" in air from the furnaces passes BITUROS SOLUTION AND HARD ENAMEL anticipation of a Government & through a combustion chamber THE WORLD* REST PROTECTION production contract, but little and then through a nest of PENGUIN PTY. LTD. more could be done in that tubes. Around the tubes is the far direction until the rate of pro­ water, which is thus heated to FRESH WATER DRINKING TANKS ALL CLASSES OF STEAM, DIESEL duction and the total number AND GENERAL ENGINEERING make steam. If. therefore, a of aircraft required were tnlie becomes corroded or BOILERMAKERS, OXY-ACETYLENE known. AND ELECTRIC WELDERS cracked, the water leaks into J. WILDRIDGE & SINCLAIR PH. LTD. PLUMBING AND ELECTRICAL WORK They had two million square the tube, along it into the 97 PITT STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W. combustion chamber, and FLOATING CRANE AVAILABLE AT ALL TIMES feet of factory space at Brough MELBOURNE BRISBANE (20 TON CAPACITY) and also had an arrangement thence into the furnaces them­ ALL CLASSES OF MARINE EQUIPMENT FOR SALE with the Fairey Aviation selves, putting the fires out. AGENTS: Company and another unnamed The best way to prevent one COUH BRIGHT * CO. 10-20 WESTON ST., BALMAIN EAST firm for the manufacture of the or two leaking tubes from FLOWER. DAVHa A JOHNSON 'Phones: WB 3121 — J Una aircraft in numbers should causing a breakdown is to HORART R. L. MULLIGAN After Hoars: UM M85, WM S225, FM 5708 orders exceed Blackburn'a insert tube-stoppers. These production capacity. consist of long iron rods,

THE NAVT '. I* ensuing days. It was one inter­ America until our supplies surely along on an easterly minable round of stop, blow- gave out. So we set to work. course. Although, actually, we down, cool down. insert If we could not steam, I did not make much over the ROTARY WING AIRCRAFT stoppers, raise steam, proceed determined that we should sail ground with the current setting to the Congo mouth. against us, the fact that we l IK programme arranged THE EMPHASIS WAS UPON THEM AT a few miles, stop ... In the for the Society of British We accordingly mustered on were moving through the T end we exhausted our supply Aircraft Constructors' Flying LAST YEAR'S FARNBOROUGH DISPLAY the foredeck everything we water towards the African of stoppers. By then we had Display and Exhibition at could Hud in the ship that coast heartened the ship's reached the stage of viewing Farnborough last year placed the facts. At take off the By might serve as a sail or part company and put new spirit our situation with some a new emphasis upon rotary Rotodyne is a normal heli­ of one — awnings, boat sails, into everyone. Watch-keeping MAJOR OLIVER STEWART, concern. wing aircraft. Most of the copter with jet driven rotor. recognition mats, canvas hatch officers became enthusiastic There we were, five hundred important new machines are in When it is coming in to land M.C., A.F.C. covers, etc. — and then we set about estimating the speed of miles from the African eoast, this group. That is not to say it is once again a normal heli­ (from "The Navy") to and endeavoured to turn the ship by Dutchman's Log, without means of communicat­ that there are no important copter with jet driven rotor. "Duneton" into a full-rigged and there was always a full ing with the shore or other aircraft in the more conven­ But when it has gained height ship. muster on the bridge when the the rotor takes the place of ships. We were plumb in the tional fixed wing group; but and when the pilot converts to middle of the South Equatorial As a jib we hoisted a Navigator was working out the ordinary lifting surfaces our noon positions. The smiles merely that the novelties will forward flight it becomes a without being power driven. current which was setting to recognition mat; as a staysail, lie with the rotorcraft. different kind of aircraft the westward at over one knot. ;i hatch cover: as a mainsail, of achievement on everyone's In other words, the rotor of an faces when our speed through Among them the Fairey altogether. And it does not Autogiro is a freely spinning Ascension Island was over a the big foredeck awning; as a become a "normal air liner" thousand miles away and there mizzen, sundry awnings; as a the water was calculated to be Rotodyne attracted much windmill. It spins because the over two knots, or our noon attention. Because I repeatedly which is how some writers have whole aircraft is being drawn was only a remote chance of jigger, a boat sail; as a described it. drifting anywhere near it. spanker, another aircraft position showed that we had see in publications which ought through the air by an airscrew There were 56 of us on board recognition mat. And just to made over 20 miles of easting, to know better wholly It becomes a mixture of driven by an engine. The with supplies that might last, put a finishing touch to things were well worth seeing. inaccurate descriptions of the normal air liner and Autogiro. Rotodyne has two such air­ if stringently rationed, for two we hoisted our large red flag ISut even though the outlook Rotodyne's method of flight, I An Autogiro is a form of screws. When the Napier or three months, but with on the triatic stay as a topsail. seemed brighter with all sail would like here to summarize rotary wing aircraft in which engines are arranged to drive stocks of water only sufficient In the end she looked like set, and the prospect of a to last us a fortnight or three some weird pirate junk from lonely drift across the Atlantic weeks. Some of us began to another world, hut she moved more remote, we did not relax WARTIME WINDJ AMMING — flapping sails and the gurgle While ferreting about in the look a little pensive . . . through the water in the right any of our efforts to plug the from opposite page of water along the ship's sides semi-darkness for whatever he direction. leaking tubes for which there was delightful. And no hiss of was after, he had come across It was. however, of little use ance for distilling seawater. We had the benefit of a were no proper stoppers. We steam or pulse of engine 12 brand new boiler tubes to waste time wondering Providentially we never had gentle to light breeze from the made end plugs from sawn-up marred the sea shanties which hidden under a pile of junk. whether we might be found by to use it or we should probably south-west most of the time, dan-buoy spars, but these blew we sang by night. an air search, sighted by have set the ship on fire. We This find proved to be the which kept all our "sails" full out when the steam pressure another ship, or might just made a larger sail for the boat, To keep everyone's mind beginning of the end of all and pushed the ship slowly but rose to "»0 or 60 pounds. We drift serenely towards South which was sent away every day occupied during the day, we our woes. whittled down the Kelvin held seamanship classes. And sounding boom and success­ with a picked crew to practice By hand we pumped the pulling and sailing in case it a glorious remark by an O.D. water out of the boiler to fully plugged one leaking tube during one of them simply with that; and we invented all should be necessary to send it below the level of the tulles, for assistance as we ap­ has to be recorded. The subject and with skill and dispacth sorts of weird and wonderful under discussion was tides, and home-made stoppers. proached the coast. And we had the Engineers and Stokers all guns loaded and ready to the officer ill charge of the refitted new tubes in place of The best of our inventions beer in fire in case a curious Hun class had asked if anyone knew those we could not stop leak­ consisted of a couple of depth- should inspect us through his what caused them to ebb and ing. Then once again we charge primer caps through periscope. flow. There were blank faces gingerly raised steam. which were inserted bottle- all round until this bright handy cans screws connected to a length We did not. however, spark piped up: "Hasn't it We held our breaths and of chain. These ingenious jettison all our confidential something to do with Harmonic kept our fingers crossed while contrivances might well have books through mistaking a Emotion. Sir?" Emotion inter­ the needle in the steam pres­ served their purpose, had it shark's fin for a periscope as rupted the harmony of that sure gauge rose. It reached TO been necessary at the time a ship did later when broken class for some minutes! pounds without signs of further FOSTER'S LACER they were finally perfected. ilow 11 in the same area. Instead After about 10 days' slow leaks. When it did so, we gave As we sailed slowly east­ we amused ourselves by and stately progress under all up windjamniing. We furled VICTORIA BITTER wards we made all sorts of pumping ..'iO:t bullets into them plain sail, the Chief had occa­ our sails and set eourse for other preparations to meet as they cruised interestedly sion one day to go down to Pointe Noire at a speed of six foreseeable contingencies. Food round the ship. the after store in search of knots, and although we broke was rationed to a considerable Actually, we rather enjoyed something or other. A few down again twice on the way, extent and water, of course, the life of a sailing ship for minutes later we were all we finally made port under severely, so we invented a a change. The stillness, broken startled by a yell that nearly power. Heath Kobinson-like contriv- only by the pleasant sounds of blew the stem of the ship off. Our sailing idyll was over.

II THE NAVY 11 good speed of 150 miles an twin-rotor, twin-engined ma­ NAUTICAL AFFAIRS hour — or as a freighter, the chine powered by Napier gas "Utility" version. turbines. For several years lyast year an aircraft running the Bristol twin- NAVAL AND MERCANTILE NOTES AND NEWS appeared which was officially engined and twin-rotor heli­ described as a Westland copter has performed at Farn- FROM ALL COMPASS POINTS "Wessex." and which was borough, often providing some BRITISH SHIPBUILDING powered by a gas turbine: but of the most spectacular rotary HE Shipbuilding Confer­ those conscious of the wing displays. But the aircraft T ence has recently issued The "Financial Times" also tribution that the shipping subtleties of aircraft nomen­ has been the piston engined some revealing figures about gave a leader on the same date, industry made to Britain's clature did not fail to observe variety. The 192 is the first of the British shipbuilding posi­ regretting the uneven distribu­ national economy, particularly in the field of foreign currency that it was called a "proto­ thi' gas turbine engined kind tion. Briefly, in the twelve tion of the remaining order earnings. In the full year of type version." It was not. in ami it is an aircraft of the months to September, 1958, book, which left the yards fact, a fully developed Wessex orders were received totalling specialising in smaller vessels 1957 the contribution to greatest interest not only to Britain's balance of payments though it was in the form of the Services, but also as a 638,684 gross tons, covering with very little work in hand that aircraft and used many of 167 ships. This compares with — in some cases none when had been £300 million. The possible feeder transport. Chancellor said that " ... in the same parts. Hut this year machine. 350 ships totalling 2,708,147 present contracts were com­ the Wessex will be the fully gross tons in the preceding pleted. The volume of new recent years the Government developed naval version. twelve months to September, orders had fallen off every­ had gone a long way in giving The twin-rotor twin-engine where, and most of those now tax relief which recognised the configuration which Mr. Kaoul 1957. Cancellations during the same two periods were 405,560 being placed were going to special problems of the llat'ner has chosen has much foreign yards (chiefly in industry. In 1954 they insti­ to be said in its favour. It must and 77,693 gross tons respec­ tively. In the last twelve Japan) which could offer tuted the 20 per cent, invest­ THE EDITOR AND STAFF be explained that true twin- longer credit terms and lower ment allowance for new plant engine reliability is provided months cancellations would in fact have exceeded orders if prices. Here, perhaps, official and machinery and ships; and for. because there is a shaft action could aid British yards. when that allowance was OF connection running the full several large tankers had not been included among the "But," the leader concluded, generally withdrawn two years length of the aircraft between "the level of prices is the more (Concluded on page 16) the rotors. Consequently if one orders: these were, in fact, THE NAVY ordered some time earlier, but difficult and probably the more of the engines should fail, the important problem. Until remaining engine will drive particulars have only just WISH ALL OUR READERS been issued. recently there has been little them they draw the whole both rotors. And the engines incentive for employers to Commenting, the ".Journal aircraft through the air. The are sufficiently powerful for reconsider profit margins or of Commerce" wrote in a smallish fixed wings then ALL THE BEST FOR THE one of them alone to enable for unions to revise their leader on 22/10/58: "Figures provide a part of the lift just the aircraft to maintain height. notoriously archaic restrictive such as these provide no room as they do in an ordinary In short, the twin-engine practices. Both may have to YEAR 1959 for complacency. Admittedly, aeroplane: but it is only part. reliability of the Bristol 192 is change their views. The unions the conference points out that The rest is supplied by the in every way comparable with in particular will have to weigh the industry's overall order freely spinning rotor. And it the twin engine reliability that up the disadvantages of re­ book at the end of September, should be added, finally, that is required of fixed wing air­ organisation and marginal comprising 670 ships of 5,953.- a large part of the lift ean be Another new rotary wing craft. redundancies against the 000 gross tons valued at £860 generated by this windmill so machine is the Saunders-Roe greater disadvantages of that it is wholly ineorrect to These were the highlights of million, 'still appears of sub­ five-scater. This bears some reducing their industry to a say that the Rotodyne becomes, resemblance to the smaller the 1!>58 Farnborough display. stantial proportions.' But as in forward flight, "the same" They were, of course, well the conference stresses, in the fraction of its present size." Skeeter. which has been seen a i • as an aeroplane of eonventional in more than one display .supported by some most inter­ present state of uncertainty in pattern. esting and important fixed the shipping Industry there BRITISH MERCHANT already. The rear part, especi­ SHIPPING ally, looks almost identical to wing aircraft, among them the could be serious curtailment of Among the other rotary wing HK Annual Dinner of the that of the Skeeter. But the Itlaekburn NA 39 low level tonnage on order and yet to aircraft is the new Westland Chamber of Shipping of cabin is much bigger and there strike aircraft. be laid down — a possibility Westminster. This is a more Tthe United Kingdom was held is the major alteration of the which Mr. K. 1). Kopner. eonventional machine, in that Finally, one should note that on 15/10 58, when the guest engine, which is a itlaekburn president of the Chamber of it is a normal helicopter, the for the first time the existence speaker was the Chancellor of Turmn rated at some 600 shaft Shipping, hinted at recently. only novelty about it being of the agricultural aircraft was the Exchequer. The vexed horse power. This engine is one All in all, it is quite evident that it uses a gas turbine in acknowledged in the flying question of taxation was raised of those for which Itlaekburn that the industry is in no con­ place of the piston engines programme, for an Auster in the speech of Mr. R. D. acquired the licence from the dition to be harassed by con­ which are, in general, still the demonstrated the crop dusting Ropner, the president of the French company of Turbo- tinual labour trouble — a fact preferred power plants for technique. Altogether the Chamber, and in his response meca. which should be plainly seen helicopters. The Westminster rotary wing aircraft provided by the most myopic, if zealous, Mr. Ileathcnat Aniory paid CAPSTAN can be either arranged as a Yet another rotary wing plenty of technical interest trade unionist." tribute to the striking con­ transport aircraft — with the machine is the Bristol 192, this year. t» JaniMry, IW 14 THS NAVT gunners; but they could not changes in the structure of bt described as airmen. Now the Services must take account THE IMPACT OF THE GUIDED MISSILE there emerges the crux of the of this fact and must open the way for increased total em­ PORT LINE ADICAL CHANGES in pinges directly upon the exist­ new defence problem. It is to From in Article by ployment of aircraft. R Britain's defence structure ing three-Service structure. modify and adjust the air LIMITED are now envisaged. Whatever A. MITCHELL Let us recall that when Lord arm so that it can take its It was the view of that Regular sailings for: happens, the status and res­ (In "The Navy") Trenchard in the first world place in a war-making organi­ turbulent American General, ponsibilities of the air arm— war and alter it, was waging sation which depends William Mitchell, that the UNITED KINGDOM including in that term the and CONTINENT regarded as beneficial, the his relentless campaign for an primarily upon guided fullest military use of aircraft Fleet Air Ann and the Royal suggestion that automation absolutely independent air this point, it is inevitable that would only be made if the TAKING WOOL, Air Force—will be profoundly (or something very like it) force, the main point in his weapons. And in considering fighting services were brought REFRIGERATED affected and considerable ad­ might enter the field of mili­ argument was that an air this point, it is inevitable that together under a single politi­ and ministrative adjustments will tary aviation evoked the most Service could plan and conduct the position of Coastal Com­ cal head. He wanted a Minis­ GENERAL CARGO be required. This is the out­ ALSO LIMITED violent and vigorous protest. an offensive campaign on its mand of the Royal Air Force try of War with three co-equal NUMBER SALOON come of the fresh outlook on Advocates of the inhabited own. Lord Trenchard was the should once again come up for departments within it. for sea, PASSENGERS. defence brought about mainly leading proponent of the bomb air and land. His idea and aircraft took every possible review. For further particular!, apply: by advances in weapon tech­ dropped from a manned aero­ innumerable variants on it opportunity of pointing to the PORT LINE LTD. nology. short-comings of the guided plane. In neither world war have been canvassed re­ Whatever administrative 1-7 Bent Street, Sydney missile. To-day these disputes did events support his theory peatedly in the years that It will be recalled that the and structural changes may (Inc. in England) first White Paper issued by are seen more steadily and in that an enemy could be become necessary, it must be have passed since his death. .Mr. Duncan Sandys as Mini­ perspective. It is not unjust to crippled if not defeated by air But nothing has yet come of Or Agents: ster of Defence, aroused great say that the advance of the attack alone; but nor did they them. Obviously the scheme, guided weapon seriously completely discount his theory. in its extreme form, meets GIBBS BRIGHT & CO. interest and opposition. Al­ 37 Pitt Street, Sydney though the advances of auto­ affects the validity of all the The manned aeroplane seemed, with vigorous Service opposi­ if not decisive, at any rate a tion ; but in some modified mation in the industrial field arguments in favour of an in­ Guided Missile and Piloted Abo at were generally welcomed ami dependent air arm and un­ powerful war-waging imple­ forms it might become more BRISBANE, MELBOURNE, ment. Its other duties, as a Aircraft—each has its part acceptable. And it is precisely ADELAIDE, PERTH, transporter of troops and that possibility that should and NEWCASTLE NAUTICAL AFFAIRS made to the difficulties in the supplies, as a reconnaissance to play in the present-day now concern us. from page 15 special 40 per cent, investment vehicle, even as an anti­ later expenditure on new ships allowance, assisting those who submarine device, seemed defence structure — the The requirement is clear continued to have that tax renewed anil expanded their secondary to its duties as a enough; it is to create a advantage — and it was fleets as and when they means of powerful, direct and balance poses a problem defence structure which will increased in 19.77 when the incurred the outlay on new COCKATOO DOCKS continuous attack. The gigan­ enable the guided weapon, of rate of allowance was raised to ships. tic raids on Germany mounted for the Defence Chief* whatever kind, to play its full 40 per cent. At that time the fr ENGINKRINC "It was, of course, as yet of by Bomber Command, and the part, and at the same time, increase had been described as no more than IS months' atomic bomb raids on Hiro­ will leave the inhabited aero­ 'a unique step for a unique CO. PTY. LTD. standing and one must all shima and Nagasaki were, as plane free to develop and to industry;' and he was irlad to recognise (sic!) that only it seemed, the highest peaks play its part in any Service • know that that had been a experience could show how of achievement of the air arm. environment where it appears considerable help to the ship­ clearly understood that the Shipbuilders substantial its benefits would Fighting in the air was sub­ to be needed. owners. prove in the long term. I tut he servient to these raids. importance of aircraft will not Marine "While refusing to get into could assure them that he b( diminished but rather enhanced For as the big Mr. Duncan Sandys has been and a detailed argument about the would certainly be looking at It follows that directly the bomber goes out (if it does the object of a great deal of precise proposals for further the position of the shipping powers of the manned aero­ General Engineers go out — for this matter adverse criticism. Hut he is taxation relief which had been industry, along with that of plane to strike directly at an is by no means settled) surely no more than the Contractor* to . . . put forward, Mr. Amory said all taxpayers, when he was enemy are questioned, the the low level strike aircraft expositor of technical ad­ that the Government did considering his Budget in the value of an independent air H.M. AUSTRALIAN NAVY such as the NA39, the military vances. He cannot, if lie does recognise the very special early months of next year, lie Service is questioned. If the Inqufriei InvHod transport aircraft such as the his duty, ignore these ad­ position of the shipping would gladly talk with guided missile can indeed sup­ Comet and the anti-submarine vances. And if some of them industry, its paramount impor­ the shipowners' representatives plant the bomber, it must helicopter such as the Wessex, appear to threaten accepted tance to the nation, and the about it before he made up his eliminate the need for an or­ will come in. There can be no and long-standing Service ar­ unique way in which it was mind whether there was any­ ganisation which provides sort of doubt that defence calls rangements, that is not his COCKATOO DOCK exposed to international com­ thing more that he could erews and maintenance staff made upon various kinds of fault. And this much is cer­ petition. The question of the legitimately do. But it would for the bomber. The launchers SYDNEY air vehicle will continuously tain: that by throwing the right taxation treatment of the be quite wrong of him to hold of guided missiles cannot, by multiply. The difference is whole matter into the arena 'Phone: WB 1941 industry could never be an out any hopes that night which any stretch of the imagination, one of purpose. The air of public discussion, he has easy one. For the present it he might have to disappoint." be called members of an "air (10 lines) vehicle will be used for dif­ done much to clarify the seemed to him that a substan­ ("Shipbuilding & Shipping service." They might be des­ ferent duties. And any issues involved. tial contribution was being Record," 23/10/58). cribed ax artillery men or 17 THS NAVY Jnutt, ItM to write an honest-to-goodness sea yarn for sailors. J. H. 13. P. COPPERSMITHS • • • PLUMBERS N1CO OLVtrJ ' VERY GALLANT NORWEGIANS TINSMITHS WHERE LIES THE for he sees the- future as "Sali-Wattr Thief"— the Life and 1 LAND belonging to the air. of Odd Starheim. By E. O. GENERAL PS%". >/\ * In covering such a vast linage. [Duckworth, 15s.) "Ships of the World." By subject any account as brief While this book tells the IRONWORKERS |MHLat«K*r£{ ** IvA Douylas V. Duff. (Thomas as this must inevitably com­ Kelson & Sons Ltd.. Is. 6d.) whole early life story and war­ press much and omit much. time adventures of Odd Star­ To compass the story of the The title of the series — The heim, who organized during development of the ship in l.">0 Signpost Library — is no doubt the occupation of his country small pages should he a task symbolic. As an introduction, various operations across the If y ou SMOKE to daunt any author. Com­ however, the book may stimu­ North Sea to Britain, regard­ mander Douglas Duff has late a desire to read more less of the terrific risks he ran. FOX & LAWSON THER E IS NO BETTER TONIC THAN TO GIVE IT U>l ! attacked it with gusto, and widely. it would be grossly unfair to the result is a reftd&ble account his comrades if they were not SUSSEX LANE • • A. •E . (!. AMD THERE IS NO EASIER WAY THAN IY TAKIN6 of ships from the days of the also to be called most gallant. SYDNEY log or the inflated skin to the FATHER AND SON This book is a fine tribute to OSOLVENS" Ann-Smoking Tre.tr MIST ships of today — and even ••The Midnight Sea." By Ian Norway's unquenchable spirit "NIC tomorrow, though the author Cameron. (Hutchinson, 12s. in the darkest hours of the sees little future for any types 6rf.) second world war. How n°* years, medical research has sought a scientific euro but the Kshing boat, the yacht This is a yarn about the thrilling it is to read of the (Opp. Huddait Parker.' Wh.rf| tr the chronic cigarette-smoking habit. Devotee• d in and perhaps the bulk carrier. Royal .Navy during the late small coastal steamer being Tel.: After Hour*: thr e ,«Is boratorie s of la Medicalia, Casima, Switie rland. There is a hail-and farewell secretly prepared for a dash Nicoso Ivans is an entirely new approach to the pro Warn. war. Its background is authen­ BX saw F] I*M flavour about his last chapter. tic and the suspense neither to Aberdeen, and subsequently Easy a nd pleasant to take, Nicosolvons preserves the well- lags nor ends in anti-climax. there was the seizure of a being of the patient during the process of riddirt 3 the Briefly, a Captain R.N'., com­ German vessel, which in system of the harmful substances (nicotine, pyridine , etc.) manding a convoy to Russia, January, 1943. brought 40 assimi ated during years of tobacco consumption. Sold discovers that his son is Norwegians back to their and n commonoocj by most pharmacies in Europe, Nice- serving as Lieutenant in the native land — and what befell GEO. CHEW LEE sotven s has an amazing record of success and is now LNUTTALL aircraft carrier, his duty being them there! Among the avoilel do in Australia for the first time. to signal-down the carrier's numerous adventures here & CO. PTY. LTD. aircraft. recorded is that of Thor-Ilugo Hew "NiCOSOLVENS" Works who. with Nazi soldiers "DEPENDABLE AND TRUE" Soon the convoy runs into NICOS flickering torch-beams across a OIVENS comes to you in a package conteiniii g 10 dirty weather and, of course, torrent, crouched for hours up tubes. Each tube contains a separate medication, •nd a ALL GEARED the enemy planes and sub­ compl< to his neck in ice-cold water. SHIPPING its dosage schedule is supplied. Primarily, MM> con- marines are an ever-present When he finally reached a shop sritven ts of NicosoKrens ere provided to "do nicotinici " mo menace. But the Captain has CONTRACTORS well known to him the old system — get rid of the poisonous and irritant subsilance s CENTRE LATHES his orders and the convoy must lady, its owner, suspicious of WHOLESALE it RETAIL absorb *d by every smoker es quickly end effectivi ly es go through. As the situation PRECISION • ACCURACY other customers, spoke no word GROCERS pessib a. In addition, medicents ere provided to ci wrwet develops, father and son fail (or but laid on the counter a little withdr awal symptoms, such as insomnia, digestive tr© ubl«, to sec eye-to-eye. Indeed, they MARKET GARDENERS framed text, the words of nerveti s tension, etc. Other Ingredients completely re•nov o quarrel bitterly. At times i"t MAINTENANCE AND which were "(iod Bless You." FRl'IT MERCHANTS the da lire to smoke, and craving is eliminated In three dsysl seems as though the son will Starheim did not survive the PRODUCE PRODUCTION flout hia superior officer. TEA* OFF war; this book about him and Fortunately, the situation is MERCHANTS his comrades was written by LA Ml DICAUA (AUSTRALIA) DISTRIBUTORS: resolved — it would be unfair K. (). Ilauge, who in 1940 went IMPORTERS to reveal by what means — BOX 3850 , G.P.O., SYDNEY to Britain: it has been EXPORTERS and the men of the aircraft excellently translated by Please send me by return mail one packet of "Nicoso vens" MODERN TOOLS carrier save the day. PTY. LTD. Malcolm Munthe, who was a Anti-Sr noking Treatment. 1 enclose 59/6 (cheque, nnone y order, postal notes) in full payment. 414 BOTANY ROAD The book's blurb tells us frienil of Starheim and is the that this is the first novel of son of the famous author of HEAD OFFICE: ALEXANDRIA. N.S.W. a New Zcalander who served "The Story of San Michele." NAME STMET MX 4327 in aircraft carriers during the S. B. 19 LACKEY STREET war. He has certainly managed HAYMARKET TOWN STATE DATE 'Phone: MA 2383 THE NAVY . - "~ •

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Hut tffl&it* EDITORIAL: MILD rfL? ~ ^1 Continuing a Fine Trad tion ^mir^ ... ARTICLES: Royal Navy's "Painful" Reorganise ion 6 m^^Br ' 1 '" ,\ The Navy's F nest Salvag e Feat 7 <9 Retiring First Naval Me nber Farewc lied 9 / \ ^** ^ Air Power ar d the Urn ted War 12 tfc ' \ Management of Power Boats 21 ^. Nelson Bi-Ce ntenary, Tr falgar Day Speech 2< K « "Trinitas in Unitete" 26 L '' i' ^^m^ SPECIAL FEATURES: / Royal Australian Navy Appointments (Our New First Naval Member: R.A.N. Officer to Co I Fleet) 1 -, v.:/ New Entries to R.A.N. Apprentice Training f *S^c M FICTION: i M r -'V,:• I* ' "Monkey Business" NAUTICAL AFFAIRS . CAPSTAN tiifn HnOl Hilar 1I >, RSVIEWS \ k MAr^ V Published by The Navy League of Australia. NSW.: 33 Pitt St., Sydney VICTORIA: 443 Little Collins St.. Melbourne. I , > [I A\ ^ Always ask for . . . ADVERTISING: Sydney—BM 6024: Melbourne—MU 3123. 1 SUBSCRIPTION RATE: 12 issues post free in the British Commonwealth. 20/-. Copies of "Herald" photographs published may be obtained direct from SHELLEY'S 'TTI 1 m Photo Sales, " Sydney Morning Herald," Hunter Street, Sydney. FAMOUS DRINKS

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Name MURRAY STREET Stimlhhi.ftinff lit r hi/// of a Mi ,'...'.- r. the putt ui Bydt fff Street Sandb a,ting And chemical inhibitin g of thipt' pi ates hat broi ght a new era to * ip's huibandr i • • MARRICKVILLE the m »t positive, fleiible and ecor omieal means of removing rust and the old pai t that tends • hide the In ofld-. of erosion. The speed y and lasting P'JCM W« pply in the port of Sydney to ve siell of City State N.S.W. ell kind, rates higher in hips' mainten inci than in) other form of rust elimination. Date M A 1IITIM E M A 1 N 1r E N /i N C E P T Y. LTD. Phone: LA 5461 ANTICOR lOSION ENGINEERS — SAI JDBLASIERS SHE L HOUSE. CARRINGTO N STREI T. SYDNEY February 1959 THE NAVY LEAGUE FOR EVERY TYPE OF CRAFT AFLOAT Editorial OF AUSTRALIA PATRON: His EICI Hi nrv The Governor- Genera I. FEDERAL COUNCIL: CONTINUING A FINE TRADITION President: Rear Admiral H. A. Showers. (C.B.E. (Retd.i. Deputy President: Cdr. R. A. Nettle- ford. D.S.C.. V.R.D.. R.A.N.R. HEN' Rear - Admiral ence, the Australian Common­ Allan F. Everett, K.C.M.O., Secretary: Comdr. R. P. Middleton. Henry Mackay Burrell, wealth Naval Board has had K.C.V.O., 1921-1923; Rear- O.B.E. W CIS.. C.B.E., takes up his new as its First Naval Member nine Admiral Percival II. Hall New South Wales Division: officers of the Royal Navy. Thompson, C.B.. C.M.G., 1923- Patron: His Excellency The Governor appointment as First Naval of New South Wales. Member of the Australian Rear-Admiral Burrell is the 1926; Rear-Admiral Wm. Raw- President: Rear Admiral H. A. Showers. C.B.E. Commonwealth Naval Board, fourth officer of the Royal dou Napier, C.B., C.M.G., ANCHOR BRAND ROPE Secretary: Comdr. R. P, Middleton. anil Chief of the Naval Staff. Australian Navy to hold the D.S.O., 1926-1928; Rear-Ad­ O.B.E. Hon. Treasurer: F. E. TTIKK- Esq. ill Canberra on the 24th of this office. The initial First Naval miral Wm. Munro Kerr, C.B., month, he will be thirteenth Member, who took office when C.B.E., 1929-1931; Vice-Ad­ Victorian Division: Patron: His Excellency the Governor in the line of distinguished the Naval Board was estab­ miral Sir George F. Hvde, of Victoria. lished in BUI, was Vice- K.C.B.. C.B.E., 1931-1937;'Ad­ President: Captain A. N. Boulton. naval officers who have held Secretary: H. E. Touzel. 443 Little this position and given service Admiral Sir William Rooke miral Sir Ragnar Musgave Wilh. WILHELMSEN AGENCY Collins Street, Melbourne. beyond price to Australia and Creswell, K.C.M.G., K.B.E. Al­ Colvin, K.B.E., C.B.. 1937-1941; South AUSTRALIAN Division: the British Commonwealth though originally an officer of Admiral Sir Guy C. C. Rovle. Patron: His Excellency The Governor the Royal Navy, which he K.C.B.. CMC. 1941-1945; and PTY. LTD. of South Australia. since the Naval Board was President: Surgeon -Comdr. R, F. established in 1911. joined in 18(15. Admiral Cres­ Admiral Sir Louis K. Hamil­ Matters (Retd.i. Hon. Sec.: R. Sutton. Esq.. 30 Pirie well was invalided out of the ton, R.C.B.. D.S.O., 1945-1947. SYDNEY AND MELBOURNE Street, Adelaide. The Australian Common­ wealth Naval Board is Royal Navy in 1878, and from The list of Royal Australian Tasmanian Division: modelled on the board of Ad­ then until 188") he was a pas- Naval Officers who entered the Representative for: Patron: Vice Admiral Sir Guy Wvatt. Royal Australian Navy as K.B.E.. C.B.. R.N. (Retd.i. miralty. The President of the President: W. E. C. HodRtnan. Q.C.. Cadet Midshipmen and hail WILHELMSEN LINES, OSLO M.H.A. Board, the Minister for the Hon. Sec.: Comdr. G. E. W. W. Baylv. Navy, corresponds to the First their initial training at the AUSTRALIA-WEST PACIFIC LINE, HELSINBORG O.B.E.. V.R.D., R.A.N.V.R. I Retd.i, AUSTRAUA'S FIRST Royal Australian Naval Col­ 726 Sandy Bay Road. Lower Sandv Lord of the Admiralty. The SEA LORDS lege, subsequently to achieve AMERICAN PIONEER LINE, NEW YORK Bay. Hobart. First Naval Member — who in HAVE GIVEN the highest position in the Western Australian Division: the absence of the Minister SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINES SYSTEM, STOCKHOLM Patron: His Excellency The Governor acts as Chairman of the GREAT SERVICE Royal Australian Navy, was of Western Australia. initiated with the appointment President: D, W. Brisbane, Esq. Board, but does not deputise Hon. Sec. - Hon. Treas.: K. Olson, as First Naval Member in 1947 Esq.. 62 Blencowe Street, West as President — corresponds to Leedervllle. W.A. the First Sea Lord and, with of Vice-Admiral Sir .lohn A. toralist in Queensland. In Collins. K.B.E.. C.B. He was Queensland Division: his fellow Naval Members, to that year he returned to the Patron: His Excellency The Governor '' My Lords Commissioners.'' followed ill 1955 by Vice- of Queensland. Navy — as an officer in the Admiral Sir Roy R. Dowling, President: Comdr. N. S Plxley. The Naval Board are charged South Australian Naval Force, DRIBARM MB.E., V.R.D., R.A.N.R. (Retd.), with the control and admini­ K.B.E.. C.B. Now, on the re­ Ryan House. Eagle Street. Brisbane of which he became Comman­ tirement of Sir Roy Dowling. Hon. Sec.: G. B. O'Neill. Esq.. Box stration of all matters relating dant in 1898. From 1900 to 376E.. G.P.O., Brisbane. to the naval forces, upon policy Rear-Admiral H. M. Burrell, 1904 he was Naval Comman­ C.B.. C.B.E.. takes over. In COMPRESSED YEAST-VACUUM PACKED Australian Capital Territory Division: directed by the Minister; and President: His Excellency, G. E. L. dant of Queensland. He was doing so. he continues a fine Alderton, C.M.G. (Hitch Commis­ they have executive command Naval Officer Commanding sioner for New Zealand), of the naval forces. The Naval tradition established and per­ Hon. Sec.: Lieut. D. M. Blake. Commonwealth Naval Forces petuated by naval seamen who "Dribarm" is a special form of Compressed Yeast, R A.N.V.R., 60 Limestone Avenue. Staff are advisers to the Naval in 1904, and played an impor­ Alnalle. A.C.T. 'Phone: J 3237. Board, and as Chief of the have given to Australia a ser­ dried under scientific conditions and carefully torn- tant part in evolving Common­ vice comparable with that pounded with a suitable yeast food. Specially suitable Northern Territory Division: Naval Staff the First Naval wealth Naval policy, and was Patron: His Honour the Admini­ Member thus has a dual role, given by the longer line of when not accessible to, or supplied by, bakers. strator, J. C. Archer, Esq., O.B.E. actively instrumental in the First Sea Lords of the British President: Captain S. H. K Spurgeon. as a Member of the Board and creation of the Royal Austra­ D.8.O., O.B.E.. R.A.N. (E/L). the chief of its advisory body Admiralty. In tbis younger Obtainable from: Merchants, Stores, Grocers, Hon. Sec.: Miss G. Gordon. lian Navy. He was the first country and younger Navy, on naval affairs. In the same R.A.N. Officer to become First or direct from the Proprietors: AUSTRALIAN SEA CADET COUNCIL: way the First Lord of the Ad­ their magnificent example has Representatives of the Naval Board: Naval Member. been faithfully followed. The Director of Naval Reserves. Cnpt. miralty is one of "My Lords Q. D. Tailored, D.S.C. unbroken continuation of this Commander H. L. Ounn. D.S.C. Commissioners," and at the With his retirement in 1919 MAURI BROTHERS & THOMSON LIMITED R.A.N. same time, as Chief of the there came a succession of tradition, and all it means in Representatives of The Navy LeaRUe: the perpetuation of an efficient, Comdr. R. A. Nettlcfold. DSC. Naval Staff, heads the body of Royal Naval Officers as First The Compressed Yeast Co. V.R.D.. R.A.N.V.R. naval advisers to the Board of Naval Member. Nine in all. ever ready Navy, remains es­ I. G. Pearson, Esq.: L. Forsvthe. 1 sential to Australia's security Esq. Admiralty. they wen : Rear-Admiral Ed­ BOX 31, P.O., WATERLOO, N.S.W. Lieut -Comdr. F. G. Evans. in the foreseeable future. R.A.N.V.R. mund P. F. C. Grant, C.B., Hon. Sec.: Comdr. R. P. Middleton. In the 48 years of its exist­ 1919-1921; Rear-Admiral Sir O.B.E.

4 THE NAVY February 1959 S utmost complexity in which quite frankly we, like all ROYAL NAVY'S "PAINFUL" REORGANISATION countries, have got to learn by THE NAVY'S FINEST experience how to put both il K necessary, though First Lord said, "that there bankruptcy: that would be just submarines and. as I am SALVAGE FEAT T painful, reorganisation of have been extensive reorganisa­ foolish. anxious to do, civil mercantile (From "The Navy'T ilir Navy and the vital import­ tions of the shore establish­ ''But I wonder sometimes ships, to sea under nuclear ance of conventional forces ments of the Royal Navy, much whether everyone appreciates power." NK of the finest salvage involved legal battle — unless, were the central theme of of which has been very painful. entirely the speed at which The First Lord then referred O operations of recent as seems possible at the time speeches made by the First and there has been a reduction things have been and are lo the fact that we were fast times," was the Admiralty's of writing, the claims are Lord, the Karl of Selkirk, in developing at this very time. reaching a point where, because description of how the Royal settled out of court. No one London during Dctober Inst. "Aeroplanes of a similar of their large stock-piles of Navy saved two tankers which knows, or is likely to know for Addressing the Navy type to 15*20 years ago are nuclear weapons, neither side collided and caught fire in the League's Trafalgar Day lun­ THE FIRST costing anything up to 40 times was likely to embark on a Gulf of Oman. as much as they did at that cheon on October 20, he LORD'S REVIEW unclear war for foar of the And so it was. The salvaging By NOWELL HALL time. inevitable consequences. Thus stressed the essential need of of these two fine ships, the —"Daily Telegraph" "We have stopped doing the emphasis was likely, once up-to-date equipment in a Liberian tanker "Melika," Naval Correspondent modern Navy. The possibilities research on guns and barrels," again, to be placed on conven­ 20,55] tons, and the French which scientific invention in many of the older ships held continued the First Lord, "the tional weapons and forces; on tanker "Fernand Cilabert." placed at the disposal of a sea in reserve. sort of missile which is taking limited war rather than global. 10.715 tons, involving, as it a while, the exact amount of power were vast, hut their "We find it more important their place is of almost un­ "What I am sure of," he did, putting out the flames and the claim the Admiralty is development took much time to concentrate our resources on believable complexity. continued, "is that sea power long tows to port in bad making. Certainly it will be and a great deal of money. To modern equipment and on the "And if we turn to propul­ will always remain important." weather, demanded great the biggest salvage claim since ensure that resources are used whole 1 can, I think, claim to sion, we are just at the incep­ "We have built the Com­ bravery and seamanship of the the war. Some experts assess to produce the best results it have kept the impetus here tion of the age of nuclear monwealth by sea power and if highest order. Several K.N. the amount at around is particularly necessary to be going steadily. power for ships. sea power is lost the Common­ ships, including the aircraft £1,000.000. Most think that highly selective. "No one, of course, can "This is not going to come wealth will certainly not hold carrier "Bulwark." 22,000 figure too high, and that the "It is with that object," the consider arming ourselves into quickly. It is a field of the together-. tons, were in one way or sum agreed after both vessels "We have won this position another engaged in an opera­ have been re-surveyed in their by resolute determination anil tion whieh will undoubtedly present condition will be appre­ a quality of men unexcelled by come to be regarded as an epic ciably less. But without doubt RTONB1 • MK1JW1 H\fc • AUKLAIHh • I HKMANTI.K . COLOMBO • A1»KS - W.YtT • NAPLM • MAHSKILLV.S • C.IHRALTAR • KSCLAM) any in the world; by under­ of the sea. it will be many thousands of standing the significance of the The result mav be a long and pounds. Officers and men versatility and mobility with which sea power can be used. FAST and FABULOUS "I believe that much of the most profitable tour of the Far governed by the same ideas. liberty and the peace which the Kast and had had the pleasure "Principles of human dig­ the Orient Line route to England via Sue*, glitter* world experienced in the 19th of calling on the Common­ nity: principles of ensuring the century, whieh I hope will lie with jewels of trnrel interest. After vou call at a wealth Navies in that area, free access of the sea for ahead of us, has depended on including Australia anil New peaceful purposes. succession of big Australian cities Colombo — typically the proper understanding of Zealand. "I believe it is of the utmost what these mean." "It is quite obvious." he importance that this should Eastern and tecminR with life and colour — provides the Karlier in his speech the went on. "that the complete continue, and for my part 1 finest introduction to overseas travel. The famous overland First Lord had reminded his freedom which these members hope one way or another to Suez - CAIRO - Port Said trip is again available and the listeners that Britain was no of the Commonwealth have. maintain the personal link longer able to maintain control inevitably involves differences between officers and ratings of excursions from Naples — around its celebrated Bay to storied of I he seas by herself. Today of policy. differences of all members of the Common­ Pompeii and lovelv Sorrento — are highlights. There arc Orient she recognised that she must approach — that is understand­ wealth by training, by loan of exercise sea power with the able. personnel or exchange of Line fares for all purses—First Class or Cabin Class and Tourist B' Tinted States and Common­ "Indeed, it would be very personnel, by meeting at staff as well as Tourist-One Class . . . with greatly reduced 'Economic', wealth. The steady growth of odd it' a large number of colleges and exercising to­ the Commonwealth Navies gether. 'Off-Season' and 'Boomerang Excursion' tickets. tioveriiMients of different throughout the world was the political, economic and geo. "I think the long-term must important development in graphic circumstances and with results will be of the utmost the last 20 years. Accordingly different traditions all thought benefit to those of us in the he had made it his business the same about one subject. Commonwealth, and ourselves ORIENT LINE via SUEZ sitce becoming First Lord to "But it dot's not to my mind in particular, who are so depen­ visit as many as possible of the alter the position, and on dent for our economic strength

ndlKST KTKAM SAVIOATIOS COMPANY I. IK IT KB. IM CO H C I, R A T«D IN KNOI. AND Commonwealth Navies. Me had certain broad questions of on the stability of world just returned, in fact, from a principle all these forces are affairs."

6 THE NAVY F.bru.ry 1959 engaged in the actual salvage "Melika," had, although aban­ rolling considerably, making operation may each benefit doned, continued to steam boat work difficult. On one substantially. southward at speed after the occasion a seaboat was caught The tankers collided in the collision. About an hour later under Bulwark's' counter, tiulf on the night of 13th Sep. she was spotteil some 2."> miles injuring two of the boat's tember, and both caught lire. away. She was on fire amid­ crew, and on another "Melika," of :I2.000 tons dead­ ships and listing. ' Melika s' bow holed 'Bul­ weight, was carrying iS.ixm Having embarked the in­ wark' above the water line. tons of oil. Flames swept her jured. "Bulwark" closed her The tow was at last secured but decks and burning oil spread and put a party of four on progress was slow as 'Melika' over the sea. board. The carrier then yawed widely. After only two One hundred and fifty miles steamed towards Ma sira to fly hours the tow parted." to the southward, distress the injured to the R.A.F. Eventually tows were suc­ signals were intercepted by station there for onward Might cessfully passed to both "Bulwark" and the frigate to Bahrein and hospital. tankers. The French tanker "Loch Killisport." They made When she got back to was towed slowly to Karachi for the area at best speed. The "Melika" the frigate "Puma" by the "Loch Killisport." frigates "Puma" and "St. hail arrived. She had put a ".Melika" went to Muscat. The Bride's Bay. which had also party on hoard the after end carrier towed her while been at exercise, followed suit. but it was separated from her "Puma" secured a line to the When one of "Bulwark's" own firefightin^ party by the tanker's stern and acted as Skyraiders arrived she found liames amidships. Meanwhile rudder. one tanker enveloped in smoke the parly on board the distant 1 At Muscat the oil was trans­ and flame and down by the "Peruana tlilabert" radioed ferred to other ships, and the bow. There was no sign of the that all lires were out and "St. cruiser "Sheffield" relieved other. By the stricken ship Bride's Bay" and "Loch "Bulwark," which was due to stood the Swedish tankers Killisport" were standing by. "Ceres" and "Sira" and the An Admiralty communique return to Britain for conver­ British tankers "Anglican Dili­ sion into the Navy's first Com­ graphically describes the next mando Carrier. The tanker was gence" and "Border Hunter." phase They were picking up sur­ ; temporarily repaired by the "Ablaze amidships, her gun­ Admiralty for the next stage, a vivors. The injured among wale awash and seas forming these men were later trans­ tow to Palermo, Sicily, the geysers through the mid-deck " Melika's" nominated port of ferred to "Bulwark" by heli­ hatches. 'Melika* made an copters of the Navy's K4.~> permanent repair. For six Squadron. The other tanker, impressive sight as 'Bulwark' weeks ratings from the frigate subsequently identified as prepared to pass a tow. In the "Loch Alvie" worked at moderate swell both ships were Muscat to clear up the mess: as soon as the tanks were cool enough and were free of gas they entered to "scale" them. Gel your supplies of "Ill that heat ami poor ventila­ tion it was a task to deter all but the stoutest hearts," said VULCATEX the Admiralty. To make her strong enough for the long sea RUBBATEX voyage large steel beams were welded into position and 80 PLASTIFIX feet of plating was used to cover the hole in her side. HORNEX So the naval tug "Warden" RETIRING FIRST NAVAL MEMBER FAREWEUED The cover picture of this issue of "The Navy" shows from was able to tow the tanker Rear-Admiral H. M. Burrell being another 3,800 miles to the "towed" ashore on his relinquishing command of ie Australian Fleet to assume the Central Mediterranean. It was position of First Naval Member of the Australian Cc monwealth Naval Board. Pictured FORBES RANKEN & SONS PTY. LTD. a long, slow haul, during which here is the retiring First Naval Member, Vice-Admira r Roy R. Dowling, on the occasion 24 Bond Street, Sydney the ships called at Aden for stores and passed through the of a dinner at which he was farewelled by brothei officers at the Victoria Barracks, 'Phone: BU 3461 Suez Canal. The two were Melbourne, on January 28. From left to right are: Rear-Admiral W. H. Harrington, escorted by the salvage ship Surgeon Captain R. Woolcott, Rear-Admiral C. C. Clark, and Vice-Admiral Sir Roy Dowling. "Sea Salvor." Block by courlejy of " The Age." Melbourne)

THE NAVY February 1959 ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVY APPOINTMENTS sent tiie Royal Xavy and Royal "Annua" and then Captain APPOINTMENTS FOB BAN. Marines at cricket. (D< 1(1 in ' Alizac"; Australian OFFIOEBB As a Sub-Lieutenant. Rcar- Naval Attache, Washington; OUR NEW FIRST NAVAL MEMBER Admiral Oatacre joined Commanding officer H.M.A.S. Changes ill the appointments H.M.A.S. "Canberra" when she "Melbourne" (he was tin* first of a number of senior officers commissioned in England in to command the carrier); and of the Royal Australian Navy EAR - ADMIRAL Henry Australia in which hi* was in ship in the Madagascar opera­ have taken effect or will do so II.M.A. Ships "Melbourne." tion in September. 1942. 192K. and returned in her to Deputy Chief of the Naval R Mackay Burrell, CIS*. during the ensuing few months. "Tasmania" and " Sydney." During 1943-1944 he was at Australia, remaining in her as Start* — from which position he C.B.E., who. on the 24th of They are as follows: this month, assumes the posi­ He joined "Canberra" on her Xavy Office as Director of Flag Lieutenant to Rcar- becomes Flag officer Com­ eommissioutng in 19*28, and Plans, and in I'M*) he was Admiral L. S. Ilolbrook. The manding the Australian Fleet. Captain K. McK. Urquhart, tion of First Naval Member of R.A.N.. until recently naval tlit- Australian Commonwealth after a second period with the appointed in command of subsequent years preceding the • • • Royal Navy hi' became Execu­ II..MAS. " ltataan." and was Second World War were engineer officer on the staff of Naval Hoard, and Chief of the HEW CAPTAIN FOB the Royal Australian Navy Naval Staff, was born at Went- tive Offieer of H.M.A.S. " Tat* present in her at the Japanese spent by him in various ships and on various Stations — 1st H.M.A.S. MELBOURNE Liaison Officer ill London, will worth Falls, X.S.W.. tii. ton." surrender in Tokyo Bay. In He was A Specialist in Navigation, June, V.mi he was promoted Lieut, of H.M.A.S. "Tattoo"; APTAIN T. K. Morrison. be Deputy Chief of (/'oustruc­ 13th August, 1904. O.B.E.. D.S.C.. R.A.N.. has tion and Director of Technical of Cadet he had considerable overseas Captain, and was Captain 1> the Long Navigation Course in one of the 1918 Entry England; H.M.S. "Harebell"; Cbeen appointed captain of the Planning at Navy Office from Midshipmen at the R.A.N. experience in H.M.A. and II.XI. Kith Flotilla. Subsequent ap­ ships in the vears immediately pointments were Deputy Chief Flotilla Navigator in H.M.A.S. Royal Australian Navy aircraft December 12th. 1958. He will College. Jervis Bay. "Stuart"; the First Class Ship His first sea-goiiif appoint- pr ding the 1939-1945 War of the Naval Staff. 1946; in carrier Melbourne. He suc­ succeed Captain A. M. Clift. command H.M.A.S. " Austra­ Course in England; and then ceeds Captain (>. 11. Beefier. R.A.N.. who has been appointed nifiit was as Midshipman < " Stuart," " B r i s b a n P." Navigator in II. M. Ships H.M.A.S. "Sydney" in 1922, "Coventry." "Devonshire" and lia." 1950; a period at the Im­ D.S.O.. D.S.C. and Bar. R.A.N., general manager of the Garden perial Defence College, and "Devonshire," "Norfolk" and who assume*! the appointment Island Dockyard. Sydney. after which he served in II.M. "Emerald**) and when war " Edinburgh." Ships " Caledon." "Malaya." broke out in 1'':;'* he was. as later Assistant Australian De­ of Deputy Chief of the Naval Acting Captain J. M<-L. " Victory" and "President in Lieutenant - Commander, in fence Representative, London. His Second World War ex­ Staff at Navy Office. Melbourne, Adams, O.B.E.. R.A.N.. at pre­ the Royal Navy. Lieutenant in Operations and Plans Division Then Commanding >• HHcer perience was wide and varied. in January, in the acting rank sent Naval Officer in Charge 1925, In* had a period bach in at Navy Office, Melbourne. H.M.A.S. " Vengeance." ami. He was Navigator in 11. M. of rear-admiral. North East Australian Area, Promoted Commander in 1940. in 1!>."»4. again Deputy Chief of Ships "Renown." "Nelson" Before Captain Morrison with headquarters at H.M.A.S. the following year he became the Naval Staff. In February. and "Rodney." In this last- went to the l'liiteil Kingdom in Tarangau. Manus Island, has the Hrst Royal Australian 1935, he was, as Rear-Admiral, named ship he took part in the September. 1957. to do the been appointed Naval Officer- Naval Attache at the Legation appointed Flag Offieer Com­ operations against " Bis­ senior officers' tactical course, in-Charge. South East Austra­ in Washington — but that was manding Australian Fleet. He marck." and was awarded the he was the Australian Naval lian Area, with headquarters at >liort-lived. as in September. had a spell ashore as Second Distinguished Service Cross. H.M.A.S. Lonsdale. Port Mel­ Naval Member, and then again R e p r e sentative and Naval 1941, he joined H.M.A.S. "Nor­ Promoted Commander in De­ Attache at the Australian bourne, from July 25th. 1959. man" in command on her was Flag Officer, Commanding. cember, 1941. he returned to His successor at H.M.A.S. Australian Fleet, from which Embassy in Washington. Im­ commissioning in England, Australia and was appointed mediately before that he was Tarangau will be acting Cap­ lie was awarded a Mention in aupotfttment he now la-comes Staff Officer Operations in the tain W. K. Tapp. R.A.N.. now First Naval Member. captain of the fast anti-sub­ Despatches for his work in that Squadron, where he served marine frigate Quadrant and Naval Assistant to the Second under Rear-Admirals Crace captain of the First Frigate Naval Member at Navy Office. and Crutehley. and Commo­ Squadron. Earlier he had com­ After April 3rd. 1959. the M.V. "Duntroon"—10,500 tons RAN OFFICER TO dore Collins, in "Australia." manded the Battle class Naval Assistant to the Second ' Ilobart" and "Shropshire," destroyer Tobmk. Naval Member will be Com­ MELBOURNE taking part in the amphibious STEAMSHIP COMMAND FLEET A graduate of the Royal Aus­ mander A. N. Dullard. D.S.C. operations from (laudatcanal R.A.N.. until recently Austra­ . CO. LTD. to Noemfoor. tralian Naval College. Captain Sear-Admiral O. G. O. Oatacre •Scotland). Admiral Oatacre Morrison had a distinguished lian Services Attache on the was born at Wooroobin. Head Office: is FOCAF The last year of the War he record in the Second World staff of the Australian Minister SI KING ST., MELBOURNE Queensland, and entered the at Saigon. Royal Australian Naval Col­ spent in Navy Office in the War. He served in UMAX Branches or Agencies ITH the relinquishment Acting Captain (i. L. Fowle. lege as a Cadet Midshipman in Plans Division. Chairman of Ilobart and H.M.A.S. Australia, at all ports of command of the Aus­ D.S.C.. R.A.N.. at present Naval W 1921. the Committee arranging the and was present at the evacua­ Managing Agents for tralian Fleet on Itis appoint­ tion of Somali la rid. the Battle Officer-in-Charge South East His first sea-going appoint­ basing of the Royal Navy in HOBSONS BAY DOCK AND ment to the position of First Australia. He was appointed of the ('oral Sea. the invasion Australia, will be Director of ENGINEERING CO. PTY. Naval Member of the Austra­ ment was as a Midshipman in Naval Ordnance and Under­ H.M.A.S. •Brisbane." with in command of "Arnnta" in of Guadalcanal, the landings at LTD. lian Commonwealth Naval 1945. his two years there being llollaudia. and the invasion of water Weapons at Navy Office Works: WUliamstown, Victoria service in China and Japan, and Boanl. Rcar-Admiral Burrell followed by a period as Com­ the Philippines at Leyte and from August 7th. 1959. HODGE ENGINEERING CO. is succeeded by Rear-Admirul his second iti the cruiser " Mel­ PTY. LTD. bourne." in which he again mander, Flinders Naval Depot. l.ingayen. Acting Captain W. F. Cook. Works: Sussex St., Sydney tlalfrv George Orniond (lat- He was awarded the O.B.E. M.V.O.. R.A.N.. until recently acre.' D.S.O.. D.8.C. and Bar. proceeded overseas, to the He was promoted Captain in and June, 194H, and was appointed for his good services in the Inspector of Naval Recruiting Of English-Scottish parentage Mediterranean and I'nited COCKBURN ENGINEERING Kingdom. where he took Deputy Chief of the Naval Sonialiland operations, and the and Courses at Navy Office, is PTY. LTD. (his father hailed from Bath. Staff at Navy Office. Subse­ D.S.C. for his work at l.in­ Captain of the Port. Sydney, Works: Hines Rd., Fronanlle England, and his mother from courses and was, incidentally. Ship Repairers, etc. the first R.A.N, offieer to repre- quent appointments were, in gayen and Leyte. and was also from February 6th. 1959. He Banchory. near Aberdeen. 1950 Commanding Offieer of mentioned in despatches. (Please turn to page 12)

THE NAVY 10 February 195*9 II ample, the Super-marine Scimi­ preparations for re-equipping the war that is over, it is tar single-seater or to the new them and for bringing them equally futile to prepare for mid extremely interesting up to that state of readiness the war that will never come. AIR POWER AND THE LIMITED WAR Blackburn X.A.39 low-level should be neglected. There is 1 hasten to add that I do not > those who. for some lar validity. It is simple. It ing the development of carrier- strike aircraft. There seems a paramount need to-day for underrate for one moment the months past, have felt a seems to be scientific and up bomc aircraft, of interceptor to be no looking ahead, no sustained, vigorous work on risk of thermo-nuclear war. It r and close-support fighters, of attempt to provide new equip­ ship-borne aircraft and mis­ is a grave risk which must growing anxiety about to date. It has the attraction an) i-Mibmariuc helicopters, of ment which will be able to siles, on close-support fighters, always be in the minds of those Britain's air defence policy, carry on where these aircraft on troop transport aircraft, on responsible for Britain's pro­ the words of Rear-Admiral maritime reconnaissance air­ By craft, of naval strike aircraft leave off. Even more serious, anti-submarine helicopters (or tection. It is the most terrible G. 1\ Thomson at the Annual there seems to be little inten­ specialised types, for there arc risk. But it is not the only General Meeting of The Navy MAJOR OLIVER STEWART and of other varied types when the "next war" will be won tion of keeping the research other possibilities) and on air­ risk. To prepare for that kind League iu October seemed to M.C., A.F.C. ami development work going borne early warning aircraft. of war and to neglect all the be of special interest and im­ or lost by the firing of rockets.' — in "The Navy" This policy is diingerous at full pressure. other kinds of war is un­ portance. POT the Royal Air realistic. Force and its equipment, no partly because it is so politi­ It is natural that politicians less than the Fleet Air Ami. »>1 newness and, may one add cally ami economically attrac­ Eminent men in the British should be as readily swayed tive. It is the easy way. It aircraft industry have re­ by the attractive prospects of Soviet war doctrine is noth­ has been subjected to ;i number without intending to be face­ ing if not realistic. It takes of changes which CHIIIIOI be tious, it matches the ideas of is the cheap way. Hut if there peatedly warned of the risks the simple, Sandys defence were — in Rear-Admiral Thom­ entailed if aeronautical research policy as are the lay public. the view that there is no sepa­ reconciled with t be opera - the science fiction strip-car­ ration between atomic war and tional probabilities. With the toonists. son's words — "a major war. and development are neglected To many of them it seems that or starved of money. But their if they talk about limited war war with traditional weapons. Royal Navy, the Royal Ait- That Britain should prepare developing out of a minor war. and fought without the II words are scarcely heeded be­ and about the ships and the There is only one war. One Force is being remoulded to tor global war on the grand uses in that war the weapons fit the conditions of a purely bomb" the whole situation is cause they are written off as aircraft that arc needed in seale and for no other kind of special pleading. Perhaps now waging such a war. they are best calculated to achieve the notional "next war" while all war is the form of policy which changed. The science-fiction, press-button war policy is seen the larger public will begin to likely to be looked upon as desired result. It is a lesson the other kinds of warlike wins widespread acclaim. And which our own defence plan­ action arc being neglected. as a suicidal delusion. It not see the reality of those risks. old-fashioned and out of date. it has practical merits. It is They are particularly notice­ They much prefer to gain a ners would do well to heed. cheaper and easier to concen­ only fails to prepare for the It was high time that some­ real war, but it creates a posi­ able in the fields of ship-borne sort of spurious prestige by one in authority should point trate upon preparations for aircraft and ship-borne mis­ talking in science-fiction terms. global atomic war than to con­ tive vulnerability to any who out that global, atomic war would care to wage one. siles. And so they scarcely mention was not the only possible kind sider all the difficult mid con­ any weapon that is not a of war and that certain other fused practical probabilities of IVrhaps it would he true to thermo-nuclear weapon; they other kinds of war. A broad In an article, not long ago. kinds of limited war were cap­ say that the Royal Navy has I ventured to point to the scarcely admit the existence of able of being as serious a threat scheme of intercontinental bal­ tilling to the development of any means of delivering such listic missile bases in the Tinted futility of a static defence to the future existence of traditional air power longer form, with missile buses estab­ a weapon other than a ballistic Britain. It is not to be denied Kingdom to take over from a than the Royal Air Foree. rocket. deterrent bomber force seems lished at various points iu the that the kind of defence policy Nevertheless, it appears at the United Kingdom. I alluded to embraced by Mr. Duncan adequate. Why go to the ex­ moment as if there will be little pense and trouble of continu­ the successes that had been And it is true that such talk Sandys has a wonderful popu­ chance of rapid progress to­ achieved with experiments on wards a successor to. for ex- is more entertaining than talk guided missile launched under­ which is tied to the realities of neath the water from sub­ the moment. Therein lies the marines and I asked that the R.A.N. APPOINTMENTS — from problem. It is to persuade POOLE & STEEL LTD. basic requirement of mobility those who control the defence page 11 iu defence should once again destinies of the country to be considered. The need for will be succeeded by Acting look to the hard, practical MORRISON t 4S STEPHEN STREET, B VIM YIN that consideration is to-day realities and to take into ac­ N.S.W. Commander Nicholls. R.A.N., even greater than when I wrote formerly captain of H.M.A.S. count the threat of the limited SINCLAIR Telephone: WB251I that article. For. instead of a Lonsdale. great effort iu the develop­ war ami its full development. Acting Captain R. T. Power. ment of mobile defence equip­ Such a study would not be iu PTY. LTD. A.n.C, R.A.N.. formerly Tap- ment, there is a falling off in the least amusing. It would General Engineers, Boilermakers. Shipbuilders, attract little public attention. Dredge Builders tain of the Port. Sydney, effort, a threat of research stag­ became Director of Naval Intel­ nation. Hut it would be of genuine. Plans, Specifications and Estimates prepared ligence at Navy Office from lasting service to the defences (if the country. for Mining Dredges and Plant of all kinds. February 9th, 1959. If it be accepted that the Shipbuilders Electric Welding and Oxy-acetylene Work. Commander A. M. Syiiuot, country simply cannot afford It lined to be said that R.A.N., at present doing the to keep the Services in a con­ licuerals are always preparing LONGNOSE POINT joint services staff course iu dition of readiness which for the war that is over. And SYDNEY Telegrams: the United Kingdom, will take would enable them to deal with it is a jihe that has had some 'Phone: WB 1951 (2 firm) POOLSTEEL," BALMAIN, N.S.W. up the duties of Director of the situation in a limited war. justification in the past. But Manning at Nnvv Office on it cannot be accepted that if it is futile to prepare for April 1st, 1959. February 'V5V IJ THE NAVY «outhiued east on her home­ in time for Christmas. The THE NUCLEAR SHIP NAUTICAL AFFAIRS ward journey, proceeding ships are the "East Loudon'', EFERRING to the nuclear h-iini Australia to England via tile "Port Elizabeth", and the R ship. "Gciger" in "The the Pacific and the Panuum "Reijger". Commander C, Navy" says: NAVAL AND MERCANTILE NOTES AND NEWS (.'anal. On passage she called .1. F. Netterberg. D.S.C., the "We do feel that the Govern­ at 'Tahiti: and after passing senior officer commanding the NAVY'S HITTING POWER -«.-».* , ± . . — -^A A« A «« M^.^HM. ment, through the Atomic through the Panama Canal she squadron and officer command­ Energy Authority, should give EXTENDS FROM ALL COMPASS POINTS went to the United States ing the "East Loudon" re­ a high degree of priority to Submarine Base at Key West. el ived the ships at Hythe on ATEST development* in the research and development L It is believed that IL..M.S. behalf ol the South African work necessary to produce DQeleef power anil lh«' ,, i» •.• i i-.- it,, i i i .1 i "Thorough" was probably the Navy. as quickly as possible an -, , • -i i| Btportt. in British political Betorpahe sailed, the Argentine lii-st submarine to sail round economic marine reactor. This the world. • • • KiiHhMi missih would «f» w nuarteni that the possibility uf Ambassador in London, aceom- VENEZUELA SEEKS MORE country leads the world in the fcave providd the .\iivv with '. , , ' , • ' ., , • .. \ .. , , ... • inostllC t adoptiosuitablne omeant ths e olmiSMtle' eon-- coptepanic.rl tl>o\ tha erepresentativ carrier to ebi odl • • • FROM OIL use of atomic power on land. a potential hitting pour: , , . * , .. !, ,\ ,. *-- . ,.', ill. ,, \x launchintiihutiugg towardsnlnnanns the deterrenas thte thhe er aAdmiraltyAn official , farewellnew in. a hell- NEW FRIGATES FOR NEW ENEZUELA — second particularly f"r the production which—added to thai flex'- only to the United States ol electricity: we must not fall bility which has always her ZEALAND V the great strength ol' t hi- l here tore, occasio, n any Mir- GLOBE ISTORY was made in ill oil-production by any one behind in its utilisation afloat." -ma,.,y prov,e. ,unequalled • .. . . It strength ol the West do not mobile warship s striking value prise 3 CIRCUMNAVIGATING British naval construction country—has given notice thai Thus the President of the l.lay be, also, that a seaborn- I , • • I . ' I i l>, • I , , •• • • I -, I I I s. raiieau and Indian Ocean, and nunts giving her a larger share in the construction of an ex­ "Whitby" class frigate. of the profits, with the exist­ "Otago" was launched by ing foreign companies. perimental ship. Princess Margaret. She will fit • • • About the same date the out this year, and is expected Director of the Royal College tn join the New Zealand Pleat SEA SLUGS STRIKE "I' Science and Technology in in I!I60.. HEN two Seaslugs were Glasgow referred to consider­ THE UNITED SHIP SERVICES PTY. LTD. W fired in salvo from able speculation whether • • • II.M.S. "Girdle Ness", the Britain was using her scientists HOSES ON CAPE TOWN Royal Navy's guided missile to the best advantage. He GEELONG MELBOURNE PORTLAND SHIP FANS trials ship recently, the firsl pointed out that a nation all HEN the aircraft carrier hit the target aircraft and the too easily absorbed energy in Wl.S.S. "Essex" visited second hit the largest piece of the form of brain |K>»er. VICTORIA AUSTRALIA < ape Town recently and docked (ailing wreckage. Following labour and [materials, and alongside, so many Cape Town the development of the Sea- diverted these to non-essentials, people crowded the docks to slug ashore at the Ministry of to produce affluence where \isit her that hoses had to he Supply Research Establish­ there was already adequacy. tinned on them as they surged ment at Aberporth. Cardigan. We could not at the same The largest organisation in Victorian ports for the supply and erection of fittings forward, because of the dan­ Wales, and at the Weapons time produce many outstanding ger of their pushing others Research Base at Woomera in scientific and technological for the carriage of every description of cargo. Bulk grain fittings a speciality. over the side of the wharf, Smith Australia, it is the fane- achievements. Our resources • • • Hen of the "Girdle Ness" to were limited. These were Dunnage supplied, holds cleaned. Decks caulked. Carpenters, joiners and SOUTH AFRICAN NAVY'S prove the weapon for service matters of public demand — afloat and to obtain experience often stimulated by advertis­ shipwrights supplied. NEW MINESWEEPERS HREE coastal minesweepers in handling and maintaining ing—rather than of Govern­ T for the South African it. Some hundred missiles have ment decision; and the puhlie Navy were commissioned anil new been fired by "Girdle would almost certainly choose 88-102 NORMANBY RD, SOUTH MELBOURNE handed over to the South Ness", and extensive trials of comforts and amenities rather African Navy at llythe. Kent, every part of the missile sys­ than scientific achievement. Telephone: MX 5231 Telegrams and Cables: " R.EETWAYS," Melbourne in October last, and soiled for tem, particularly in the radar So we come back, don't we, Simonstown on November 15, field, have also taken place. to our old friend the question arriving at their new base just

F#DHHT|f «TeW tf THE NAVY of priorities: welfare, indus­ hollas, of Pahnerston North "Kaniere" and remain in com­ trial expansion, defence; or Cadet Midshipman P. C. pany with her until March 14th. FICTION defence, industrial expansion, Hicks, of Thames At the end of her visit to welfare. And it was a Labour Cadet Midshipman T. S. Wellington she would exercise ARY ARKLOW never board. The Commander—a miralty property in exchange M.P.. Mr. Desmond Donelly. Jones of Timaru. in the Hauraki Gulf from M believed us though both hearty, red-faced Irishman— for monkeys and parrots. who had the courage to say The Minister for the Navy March 4th until March 6th and her husband—Micky Arklow — relaxed so far as to allow "What the devil's going that we had got it wrong! 'Senator Gorton) said that would visit Auckland from and I swore black and blue n Micky and me to share a on?" murmured Micky. • • • the "Swan" would be berthed .March 6th until March 9th. dozen times that what we told tiny double-berth cabin up top, "The usual thing," I said, E.A.N. CADET MIDSHIPMEN at Wellington from February Returning to the llauraki her was the truth. just abaft the mainmast. "Jack on his way home—must TRAINING SHIP TO VISIT 25th until March 2nd during (lull on March 9th she would It all started when Micky " "Pis just a dog-kennel lor have a parrot or monkey to NEW ZEALAND tin "Festival of 'Wellington" rem a i n there with the and I served together as mid­ two dogsbodies." lie said, but show the family—specially as HE Royal Australian Navy celebrations. For part of her "Kaniere" until March 14th, shipmen on the West Indies it was a decent gesture on his we're home for Christmas. T cadet midshipmen training visit she would exercise with when she would leave on her station at the end of World part. Heaven help those creatures ship "Swan" will arrive in the Royal New Zealand Navy- It torn to Sydney by way of War 1; we passed our sea­ Whilst at anchor in Guaya­ when we reach Devonport in New Zealand waters on Feb­ ocean minesweeper "Stawell" Norfolk Island and Brisbane. manship exam, more by good quil, the ship was besieged by winter, though." ruary 16th and remain there and the anti-submarine frigate • • « luck than good management, until March 14th. "Kaniere". R.N. SUBMARINE IN ami in due course we were Included in her ship's com­ From February 16th until "ON THE BEACH" ordered to take passage home MONKEY pany are 26 cadet midshipmen February 19th she would be HE Royal Navy submarine in an old tinpot cruiser, H.M.S. BUSINESS who graduated from the Royal in the west coast sounds and T H.M.S. "Andrew", which "Chloe". We joined her one Australian Naval College at Stewart Islands areas with the will feature in sequences of the clay at the end of November, Jervis Bay (A.C.T.) last "Stawell" and would then film "On the Beach" being 191S in Guayaquil harbour. lighters, canoes, ami small I got bored with watching December. Four of them will visit Lyttleton from February made in Victoria by Stanley Ecuador — the North-West craft of all descriptions; some alter a bit, and retired to our be cadet midshipmen of the 20th until the morning of Kramer Pictures of Holly­ coast of South America, to were from the Admiralty little cabin for a spot of shut- Royal New Zealand Navy. February 23rd. wood, was in Melbourne for wive you looking it up in the collier, which inevitably turned c\ e. I woke a half an hour They are: Later in the day she would her "shooting" from January atlas.' up with grisly regularity just later to find a couple of faces Cadet Midshipman R. It­ arrive at Marlborough Sounds 22 to February 4. One of "Chloe" was due to call in when we thought "coal ship" grinning at me—Micky's and ch nigh, of Port Chalmers and leave the next day. She three R.N. submarines based at a few small ports to had been forgotten; some were another one. smaller but not Cadet Midshipman R. K. would rendezvous with the (Concluded on next page) Panama, thence through the store lighters, and one of these dissimilar. canal, am! home via Jamaica contained two of the largest, anil the Bahamas, and to reach fiercest, and wildest steers 1 By COMMANDER WIUIAM Devmiport in time lor Christ­ had ever seen. They were DONALD, D.S.C., R.N. mas: this news—in addition to prize specimens from some (••ML) the fact that the war was ranch up country, and were — in "The Navy" EZDA ever—put everyone on board destined for Jamaica. The in good spirits. Whilst it Commander, in a rash moment "Meet Juanita," cackled ZINC BASE DIE CASTING ALLOY would be wrong to say that after an extremely good Micky, "isn't she a darling discipline had entirely dis­ now t" conforming in composition with dinner ashore, had agreed to appeared, you could sense a transport them. A couple of As he spoke, "the darling" British Standard Specification 1004 "make and mend" atmosphere stalls were rigged up on the It apt out of his arms, seized as soon as you stepped in- lorcdeck. and the Captain of my only cake of soap, and the Koretop duly appointed ran out on deck: perched sin produced by "Petty Officer Cowboy," acting an ammunition locker, the NAUTICAL AFFAIRS — from i.uil unpaid—a rate that he started to tuck in heartily, ELECTROLYTIC ZINC COMPANY opposite page accepted without noticeable but the soap clearly was not on Sydney on loan to the R.A.N. enthusiasm. to her liking for. after one OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED to provide training facilities Hut meanwhile a brisk busi­ mouthful, she slung it disdain­ lor the R.A.N.. R.N.Z.N.. ness was going on over the fully over the side. Micky 360 COLLINS STREET, MELBOURNE R.A.A.F., and R.N.Z.A.F, side between the ship's com­ collected his new pet and re­ The future of steem for marine purposes "Andrew" will, in the film, pany and the canoe-owners: turned to the cabin. 1 was is met by the latest Bebcock develop­ Micky and I had been watching rather cross. ment*, which, in turn, or* heeled by ts used in the production of simulate a U.S. nuclear over 50 years' see experience. At so*, powered submarine, and part for some time before a curious "What on earth made you as on lend, time hes proved the service high quality die castings of her superstructure was feature about it all became buy that?" of Babcoci Boiler Plant. arlifically modified to fit her apparent to both of us; to wit. Micky shut one eye. and BABCOCK * WILCOX by members of for the role. She was made that no actual money was in laid his finger knowingly Or AUSTKALIA PTY. I.ISSITBD available to the Stanley evidence. The men inboard along his nose. •HOINSIRS* AND CONTHACTORO THE ZINC ALLOY DIE CASTERS' ASSOCIATION Kramer organisation by the were passing down ship's "Ha! Ha!" was all that he '111 OttlCi t "arm. Intents Pert. N.S.PJ. OF AUSTRALIA Department or the Navy, with tobacco, old articles of uniform, said, and no more. 1 knew trench Offices end Agencies le ell states. Hie approval of the Admiralty and ninny other items of Ad­ then some skullduggery was

17 16 THE NAVY February It* afoot. A crafty fellow, Micky. to see the boys with their a fancy dress party, in time to sec them disappear Leaving the monkey on his pets. Breaks the monotonytony,. Hastily I shook Micky and for ever below the waves. The bunk, he went out on deck lie says: it's always the same pointed out the apparition. (iiiiuiery Officer, under the again, shutting me in with it. on this coast." He gave a groan, but leapt impression that he had heard I pondered morosely on the The stock was added tto atat from his bunk with com- "Action Stations" sounded off. prospect of this additional each port of call: we passeissed incndable speed to rescue the raced up from below, pulling member oi the cabin all the through the Canal, and duly gown before it was torn to on his uniform and shouting: way to England, and was not approached Jamaica. Ky this ribbons, i followed him out of "Where is the enemy?" A impressed with the idea at all. time I was thoroughly fedd up the cabin, but Juanita was potato whizzing out of the It was quite a sizeable animal, with Juanita as a cabin messness-­ too <|iiiek for both of us. With galley scuttle caught him be­ with a greyish-brown eoat and mate. She had misbehave•dd in a twinkle in her eye, shi­ tween the eyes, and convinced a white faee, from which two every way imaginable shorrtt o.' bapt nimbly down on to the him even more firmly that beady black eyes peered out becoming a mother. upper deck amidships. Then' another war had started. with mischievous delight. The "And I wouldn't put that the sight that met our eyes The Navigator, staggering skin of its scalp was very past her before we reac•each was unbelievable. There were aft in amazement from the loose, and it wiggled this to home," I said bitterly, the monkeys jevery where, there chart-house, turned round to and fro in an interrogative evening before we reachediedd were parrots everywhere: in see his precious charts, torn manner. Jamaica. the grey light of dawn, with a into small pieces, sailing After a short time Micky "Ah, take it easy now.ow." now peace-time routine watch merrily away to leeward. The came in again; I Was relieved was Micky's reply, "sharelinre,. on deck huddled forward under Captain, emerging in fury fi see he had no more livestock, isn't she just the great big cover drinking cocoa, they had from his sea-cabin, was near'y only a most attractive red happy girl?" not been noticed. Micky and I brained by a coffee-cup that shawl. "Why can't yon put het»rr Iin v-ere the first to catch sight of shattered into atoms against " "I'is an Indian bridal the cage with all the others?•rs?" this seething mob. the bulkhead. The extra- gown," he explained, "which I asked. I had noticed that., Kven if we two had not don" oidinary part about it all was the braves present to the girl just before dark, all the monnion­- so. the parrots would have that the monkeys themselves of their choice." keys had been shut up in one sounded the alarm for us. were so silent and moved so "I'll give it to Mary Mulli­ of the big cages amidships, and Hunched in long rows like quickly, that for a while every­ gan." he said, with an idiotic all the parrots moved into farmyard fowls on every rail. one wondered whether they simper, "for indeed, she's the the other one. shroud and aerial, they had had actually seen one or merely most lovely " " 'Twould be cruelty ttoo |,,.|,| their tongues in the dark- imagined that they had. Hut I had heard all about put such a well-behaveaved ness; but now, as the sun rose Juanita was the star turn of Ali.ry Mulligan before. A nasty creature with all those larrilam-­ over the horizon, they greeted all this bedlam. Nipping up suspicion crossed my mind at kins." replied Micky. it. as was their wont amidst the funnel stays, she swung that moment. We hail a great celebratio!itio'ni fori st freedom, with a succes- out along the siren lanyard. " What did you give for it?" in the ward room that nightight. sion of screeches that made Her weight was juat enough I asked. News had just reached uis of any bugle call sound like the to pull it sufficiently to sound NOT MONKIT tUSINfSSI .... "Twenty dollars." admitted the German Fleet's surrendender lisp (,f „ maiden's prayer. it: and so. to the accompani­ Micky, "a pity I had to pay. in the Forth, it was the Com• '"'•'­- The monkeys had obviously ment of a continuous ear- but a Navy frogman practising for a high speed display in a I just borrowed it from your mander's birthday. and been hard at work for some shattering blast, she "let off "jump and pick up" exercise in Sydney recently wi.llet there. I didn't want to "Saturday Night at Sea" us line. Some bales of tropical steam" on her own account. wake you up." well. Being the youngest memnem­- clothing, stacked on the upper Still clad in the red gown, she and we were both quite open and leapt into the lift just "Thanks a lot." I said ber present. Micky was calleidled dei k for landing in port, had gave a display of acrobatics hysterical. In due course 1 as it reached the top with the shortly, ami went out on deck upon to propose the toasitt of been ripped open, and the con- that could not have been jumped down to join in the Kiigiueer-Commander in it. let- a breather. What 1 saw "Sweethearts and Wives," and ti nts flung far and wide. Some bettered. She did a tight-rope fun. 1 was all right, 1 had "Mind what you're doing, there made me gasp. The right well he did so. beiniciiiLg' were indulging in tngs-of-war walk, she performed hand­ nothing to lose—at least so I boy." he shouted angrily, as whole ship seemed to have full both of the Irish blarnerney with tunics; others, enveloped stands, she lulled her tail thought. What I nearly dhl I crashed into him. " what on turned into a confounded and some fine vintage port,. in white drill, wrestled am! round the lanyard and swung lose was my life. earth's going on?" menagerie: every matelot in It was well after midnighlight fi.light like demons: one inon- to and fro, just infiirintinglv Some of the monkeys hail "Bulls, sir," I gasped, lie sight was cradling a monkey, before we both headed for• the hey had found a stack of out of reach of the Captain, made their way forward, and s'not me an angry glance, and and amidships—in which under sack. tropical helmets and was luirl- now himself gibbering with were scampering up and down stepped outside, but within one normal conditions fresh vege­ I woke about dawn: thait is ii g them, discus fashion, over rage. the backs of the two prize second he was back in the lift tables were stowed—two huge to say I opened my starboarward the side. From the wardroom By now, practically the whole steers: maddened with fright, again. We both stayed there wire cages were full or parrots. eye, then shut it quickly;kly. galley, the crash of crockery ship's company was on the the two animals broke loose till eventually order was re­ "Doesn't the Commander Dancing about on deck outsid(side indicated considerable activity. deck. Officers and men in all from their stalls and charged stored ; the steers were safely object to all this?" I asked was Micky's Indian gownI:; it Just below us, one animal states of dress and undress, alt down the port passage. secured, and even most of the one of the ship's officers. He made a pretty sight, matchinliing perched on the guard-rail milled around chasing monkeys There was I standing right in monkeys recaptured. Several, just smiled wanly. in colour the red sky beyondond. examining with care a set of and parrots alike. From our their path, but luckily just however, had misjudged their "He's a great nature-lover Then of course, 1 realizedd iitt dentures; the pyjama-elad vantage t>oint aloft, Micky opposite the hatch to the for­ acrobatic ability and gon* is the Commander—he likes HSU Juanita. all rigged up for Owner emerged from his cabin and I had a grandstand view. ward boiler-room. I yanked it overboard, two had been shot

II THE NAVY FrnVtMn- IttW after liours of futile effort at opened the two cages on the funny that way. always im­ r.iptuiv, mul all the parrots on ttuti night with some idea of agining tilings." sighting the COM! Hew happily getting his own hark. As it happened 1 was preseni For Sea Cadets away to enjoy their new-found •luanita duly went ashor.- that Christmas at the little freedom. .luanita returned with the others at Jamaica, party when the pair of them quietly to our cabin. Though Micky was quite sorry announced their engagement. N'K of the most satisfying in much the same position as mechanical means, whether it I learnt afterwards from to see her go, I was not. since aitei which Micky produced Oami exhilarating? experi­ the captain of a ship. When is the "Vanguard" or a motor Micky that a highly organ­ l.cr departure enabled me to the bridal gown, lie made a ences ill the life of a young he takes the boat away, her dinghy, have certain things in ised seheme was afoot; on a gi»1 my money back. lung speech before presenting •teaman ocean when, for the safety is entirely in his hands. common. They have engines previous visit to Jamaica, a "When I give Alary the ii to Alary, bringing in all the first time, he is detailed for The principles of seamanship supplying the motive power. [oral dealer had agreed—vi'i vjown." mused Micky, as wv "Indian-brave-to-his • squaw" duty as motor boat's eox'n. exercised by a ship's captain This is transmitted through the the Master-at-Arms—to pur­ hiade our way up the Ilamooze, ut urn bo-jumbo; I was glad that At this moment eares are chase the entire stoek on *• I'd best not say anything In toned down some of the more easily pushed aside, and the arrival, the profits to be about the monkey having purple bits, even if he added sensation of feeling that you shared equally amount al! worn it. Not that I think a lew ideas of bis own, as are about to assume command MANAGEMENT OF those who had tended the -luanita ever had any " only Irishmen can, for good of a vessel, however modest, is pets on the passage. But "—quite, quite," I said, measure. After supper, Mary well worthwhile. Also the faet some malcontent* who bor- "never once did I see her unit upstairs and changed that a eertain seaman has been POWER BOATS the M.A.A. a grudge of sorts. (Concluded on opposite page) sen. telling. I'm women selerted for this important •art I — by W. G. NUTLAND duty shows that the First- Lieutenant has eonfidetlee in — from "Sea Cadet" FACE LIFT FOR A LADY his pood sense and ability. Of eourse, this confidence has to be justified, and the surest apply equally to small power propeller shaft to the propeller way of doing it is to handle the boats. In addition, captains of which gives thrust through the boat efficiently. the Royal Navy expect, and water to bring motion. The eox'n of a motor boat is demand, that their boats are Speed through the water is handled correctly and smartly. regulated by the engine speed, Before proficiency as a eox'n termed revolutions per minute •MONKEY BUSINESS" — from can be achieved, there are eer­ (r.p.m.) and, of course, there page 20 tain basic points that must be are no brakes. When it is re­ into the gown before the com­ clearly understood and re­ quired to stop the boat, en­ pany started dancing, and a membered. They are simple, gines must be throttled down pretty picture she made in it. and perhaps obvious, but sim­ to reduce way, and the boat too. plicity does not detract from finally brought to a standstill She was taking a turn with their importance. In the first by driving astern. Needless to I er brother while 1 was stand­ place, all vessels driven by say, this calls for keen jndg- ing by the fireplace with Micky. I just happened to say to him— "Mary looks much prettier in it than .luanita did"—when at that precise moment the music stepped, and my voice rang msw round the room like a Tnnnny HAL\ broadcast in dead silence. "trummNG TO 00 WITH MOATSr "So I've just been given another girl's throw-off, have If" said Mary, eyes flashing, •oat taildiag for she was a quick-tempered Sarvlca and Repairs irirl. "What kind of monkey business is this, might I ask?" Well, I looked at Micky and he looked at me. and between Hlr >M •3 us we told her the story I've Marina Engineer lag told von; and though she said W she didn't believe us. she LAIS HALVOIIS I N SONS PTY. LTD. added shortly afterwards that ri.w MrWt, Ryd.. WY324I it felt itchy anyhow, and she BUILDING YARD: V VMec didn't want to wear it again. BOAT SHEC : Bo .bin Hud. JJ24*9 "The liner she's a lady," and needs a little cosmetic treatment after an ocean Women are funny that way, (TaUgrami : "H •Ivomnt" Sydnay) passage. Here "Iberia" is being painted after arriving from Britain recently. always imagining things. CAITIX MK >oue S ALWAYS ON HAND

THE NAVY February 1959 21 incut, and a knowledge of the solid craft with a cutter- or ROPELLERS, as we already ber. I'sually rotation on a craft being handled. whaler-type hull. They are P understand, are the means single screw boat, going ahead, an Australian Margarine Direction is given through very safe and sea-worthy, cap­ of providing thrust to move is clockwise. (.Port to Star­ blended to suit the rudder, wtiieh operates able of carrying substantial the boat through the water. board I. Therefore, as the pro­ upon the stern. The important loads, rather slow in moving Unfortunately for the cox'n, peller turns to thrust ahead, Australian feature abuut this is to remem­ around, and may be regarded this thrust does not always the stern swings in the direc­ ber that, when steering, the as practical general purpose move the boat directly along tion of rotation, which is to conditions stern is swung off the fore-and- boats. the fore-and-aft line, and the starboard. aft line. When a land vehicle, influence that turning pro­ The other type are the "hard Xow, if we try to imagine such as a motor car, is being chine" boats. Now, the con­ pellers have upon all types of steered, the front wheels are power boats must neither be what is happening under the struction of this type is very water, it is fairly simple to see turned and in effect lead tin* different from those mentioned overlooked nor underestimated. • it* vehicle into its new direction. This does not necessarily mean how side swing can be coun­ above. The bows are finely tered, or reduced to a mini­ 11 This principle does not apply tapered and the hull is moulded that every cox'n has to under­ with water craft. The influ­ stand a technical explanation mum. As the propeller begins • I C E > gracefully away to ail almost to turn, it acts in exactly the ence of the rudder is to swing Mai bottom. She is designed of why propellers effect the the stern, and the hull actu­ boat. However, he should know same way as if on a solid sur­ for speed, and intended to face, in fact, if we can depart ally pivots on a point at ap­ plane along the water's sur­ what to expect, particularly in proximately one-third of the confined areas, and also how for a moment from the nauti­ face. This means that as speed cal and adopt the romantic, it boat's length, measuring from is gathered the bows lift and to retain control under all cir­ the bows. (The pivot point is cumstances. may be compared with a three- the stem settles, giving more legged creature walking along not invariable, and does bite to her propeller, and TABLE change from type to type, but I u considering propeller the seabed — because that is greater power to the rudder. really what it does, it "walks" MARGARINE one-third of the length, Cnder these conditions she is action, it may be of assistance MTSA the stern through the water. measured from the bows, is a finely balanced, very sensitive, if boats are first of all divided fair average). It is important into two main classes: Quite obviously, the faster the and must be handled deli­ propeller rotates, the stronger ence tends to guide the STERN outboard. That is to say, the to have this point in mind, par­ cately. 1. The smaller types of craft ticularly when operating in a having a single propeller. and more rapid the "walk" to port, thus countering the starboard one turns clockwise confined space. On these occa­ However, below planing 2. Larger, or more power- becomes. Therefore, one of affect of the propeller. and the one on the port side sions, attention may easily be. speed hard chine boats are in­ fill, boats with twin pro­ the first tasks for the cox'n When the boat is going anti-clockwise. In practice, of come concentrated on the bows clined to be sluggish. They pellers. is to ensure that R.P.M. are astern, the propeller turns in course, this means that when and result in the more immedi­ are intended to travel quickly To understand clearly what kept as low as possible when the opposite direction, and the both propellers are driving getting under way. ate danger from a swinging and consequently are perfectly effect propeller action is likely stern swings to port. Unfor­ ahead at the same speed, any stem being overlooked. trimmed when doing so. At to have, let us now imagine a tunately for the cox'n, there is side swing on the stern in­ The next step is correct use slow speeds the bows are deep small boat in the first of the little he can do to prevent this. duced by one is immediately Although it is impossible to in the water, often drawing two classes mentioned. She is of the rudder. A boat is given countered by the drag from direction through the rudder The rudder's influence is seldom the other. lay down an}' definite rules more forward than aft, with lying stationary in dead water, strong enough under these con­ for the handling of power the result that the steering is and about to go ahead. Im­ swinging the stern off the fore- It is also well to remember and-aft line. The hull pivots ditions to cheek the side boats, it is found in practice bound to be heavy and slow. mediately the propeller starts swing, but assists most when that the power of side move­ When the rudder is moved, the on a point about one-third of that boats of a similar type to turn, the thrust upon the it is kept to starboard. ment on the stern can be boat follows the line of least the boat's length, measured doubled on a boat having twin almost invariably behave in boat commences, but before the In these circumstances a resistance, and the stern is resistance of the water can be from the bow. If the wheel is propellers, as compared with much the same way. That is turned to port, the rudder cox'n should try to avoid go­ to say they have the same inclined to swing considerably completely overcome and so a boat having one. The addi­ off the fore-and-aft line, with turns to port and the boat's ing astern when he has noth­ characteristics, in some in­ allow the boat to gather head­ tional swing, which can be the pivot point moving to very way, the rotation of the pro­ head sets in this direction. ing to apart on the port Bide. used to advantage, may be stances, of course, more pro­ near her stern. However, the direction is given When the boat has to be nounced than in others, but peller drags the stern side­ gained by going ahead on one ways. In fact, the first move­ by the stern swinging to star­ turned, good use may be made propeller, and astern on the always noticeable. If, for ex­ Another important feature board. So if a single propeller, of this apparent weakness. ample, a certain type of boat to be considered in the man­ ment, when getting under other. If, for example, the rotating clockwise, drags the The stern can be swung very cox'n wishes to swing his stern agement of power boats is the way, is invariably a swing of : is found sluggish in answering stem to starboard, it has to dly to port by using nort to starboard with the minimum her rudder, it is almost certain number and influence of pro­ the stern in the direction which the propeller is rotat­ he countered by setting the rudder, and increasing engine of headway, he may go ahead that all boats of that type will pellers. Both round bilge or rudder for a swing the opposite revolutions. It is inadvisable hard chine boats may be either ing. The inexperienced cox'n on starboard, and astern on follow the trend. This is a may at first find this side move­ way. which, of course, is to to attempt making any dis­ port. Under these conditions useful point to remember, be­ single screw or twin screw. port. This point must be under­ tance to starboard, on a single The determining factor usually ment a little disturbing. Vet both propellers are rotating in cause it enables a seaman to very soon, as practice is stood, and emphasis laid on the screw boat, whilst going astern. the same direction and combin­ draw upon experience already being the size of the craft. fact that we are dealing en­ gained, he becomes prepared The procedure for handling ing to produce side movement gained. However, on all boats the tirely with the STERN, not and quickly learns to counter boats with twin propellers is on the stern, which can be Fortunately, it is possible to action of the propellers, par­ with the direction of the bow. it. generally easier than for craft further incresaed by setting divide power boats into two ticularly at slow speeds, is sig­ Therefore, with a propeller with a single screw. It is the rudder to port. If it is main types. In the first cate­ nificant, and the handling dragging the stern to star­ The direction in which the usually found that boats of needed to swing the stern the gory are "round bilge" boats. technique must be adjusted board, the rudder must be set propeller rotates is, of course, this type, when going ahead, These are good, sound and according to the circumstances. the important point to remem- to starboard, where its influ­ have both propellers turning (Concluded on page 24) M THE NAVY Fibniary IW » -CENTENARY TRAFALGAR DAY SPEECH BY THE SECOND SEA LORD PAYS TRIBUTE

Tin following is the tpeeeh given of his flagship, the "Victory." perspective. Nelson had some hi/ flu Second Sea Lord, Vice- while she bore him and her very human failings, but he Admiral D. E. Holland-Martin. company -- eager, tensed but had faith and a genuine belief C.B.. D.S.O., D.S.C.*, in Tra­ confident — :nto battle. in God: men of the sea nearly falgar Square on Trafalgar Dan War of the more recent past always do. during the Navy League annual ami still more of the future "They that go down to the rrrt tnong. has become such a thing of sea in ships and occupy their WO hundred yearn ago beastliness and prospect of business in great waters, these T Horatio Nelson WHS born. horror that some have come to men see the works of the Lord Forty-seven years later, on 21st decry our military heroes and and His wonders in the deep." October, 1805, Viscount Nelson to decompose their actions. Great words, but true. died at 4.30 in the afternoon This is silly, for a brave man We are here today to com­ and the sun set through, the who is master of his profession memorate the Battle of Trafal­ drifting smoky aftermath of and his nerves, who by example gar that won us undisputed the Battle of Trafalgar. and personal magnetism can mastery of the seas, which in inspire others in the face of turn led to nearly 100 years He had rendered great death is a sight for the gods service to this country. An of peace. "Pax Britannia" of all ages and creeds, let alone compares not unfavourably empty sleeve, a pateh over one mere mortals. eye and a breastful of stars with the record of the League Said Nelson at the Battle of and medals were visible signs of Nations and the doings Copenhagen: of this, as that morning the hitherto of the United Nations. "It is warm work and this little Admiral paced the deek We are miserable, petty folk may be the last to any of us who are unworthy of our at any moment. But mark you island's heritage and heroes if I would not be elsewhere for we close our proper pride to MANAGEMENT OF POWER thousands." the pomp and circumstance of BOATS — from page 23 These words may have a the greatest sailor's greatest opposite way, the method is. purplish tinge, but a little and final victory. of course, reversed. infectious swagger and bravado Let us also this day. which Although it is a fact that the are no bad things where death falls in the bicentenary of his stern of a boat will swing lurks. Besides, he meant what birth, honour Lord Nelson who through the action of her pro­ he said. left the Royal Navy a tradition peller, the young seaman need We live in an island, even if of professional competence, of have no fear regarding his we also live in an era in which bidd initiative, of sympathetic ability to overcome this. Once man thrusts his expansive, leadership, of seafaring stamina the lesson has been learned, explosive and expensive way and if need be of zestful sea- and the cause understood, the towards the moon. The sea fighting that have inspired us solution is simple and with remains our approach, bulwark, sailors ever since. little experience becomes auto­ and lifeline. No atomics, no But tradition is not stagna­ matic Difficulties only arise rockets, no moonshine should tion. One of Nelson's great when a boat is getting under deflect the Englishman's love qualities was his progressive way or coming to rest. At and respect for the sea. It has outlook — his ability to sift speeds allowing steerage way, been for us the scene of great outworn from worthwhile the propellers' power to swing triumphs and vital dangers. custom, his appreciation of the the stern sideways is overcome We have become accustomed to potential of new ideas and by the increased power of the claim it as OUT own. methods. The Royal Navy of rudder. Also it is reassuring Ever changing yet change­ today in this period of develop­ HORATIO NELSON — GREATEST ADMIRAL to know that propeller drag, less, the sea in storm and calm ment and change realises that Born September 29, 1758, the sixth child of Edmund Nelson, rector of Burnham Thorpe, which may at times be disturb­ is a wondrous background for this quality of forward looking ing, can. as will be explained heroics. Vet in its unmanage­ is part of the Nelson tradition. Norfolk, he entered the Navy in 1770, and was Captain nine years later. Rear-admiral in later, often he used to the able vastness it never allows Let us pay tribute to his 1797. His career ended at its height in the Victory of Trafalgar, October 21, 1805, when eox'n's advantage. man to get himself out of Immortal Memory. he was 47 years old.

THE NAVY Fabnury 195° winches for handling weighty and oil. with other miscella­ a breaking sea running high, buoys; gear for towing light­ neous stores, have to be taken reliefs have sometimes to be TRINITAS IN UNITATE ships to and from their to isolated rock lighthouses delayed. But Trinity House stations. and lightships and their men men are superb boatmen and seamen, ami have to be. Both The coast is divided into six regularly relieved. There are in the tenders and the boats RIXITAS IX I'NITATE — principal pilotage authority in vacancies occur from the 300 districts with depots at Great normally three men in the rock it is an education to watch T the in<»ttti of the Corpora- the United Kingdom, and has Younger Brethren on the regis­ Yarmouth, Harwich, ('owes. lights, working two mouths on them at work. turn of Trinity House which the responsibility of maintain­ ter, who themselves have been Penzance, Swansea and Holy­ and one off. with seven in light­ appears on the seroll under its ing some ."ill manned and 40 un­ elected by the Elder Brethren head, each ill charge of a ships, where the master serves The lives of the men in the armorial bearings granted by manned lighthouses, with :I5 and must hold the rank of Superintendent, the ex-captain a month afloat and a u th lighthouses and lightships, Queen Elizabeth I in the year light vessels, on and off about master in the Merchant Xavy, of one of the Trinity House ashore, and the crew a month though lonely and restricted, 157:1. 2.4(H) miles of coast in Eng­ or lieutenant-commander in Vessels. Because of the many on and a fortnight off. might seem fairly easy. They Most people have heard of land. Wales and the Channel the Royal Xavy. Beyond be­ buoys and sea-marks, and the The regular relief and have their radio-telephony Trinity House, though com­ Islands. Over and above this ing empowered to vote each constantly shifting sandbanks supply is of the greatest im­ with the shore, can listen to paratively few realise the in the complicated estuary of portance, and is done by boat the B.B.C. programmes, and work of national importance the Thames, four tinders, in­ from the tender. Even in no doubt have their personal carried out from its head­ The Story of "The Guild, Fraternity, or cluding the "Patricia." are moderate weather. which hobbies. All the same, they quarters on Tower Hill over­ Brotherhood of the Most Glorious and Undivided baaed on Harwich, and one at sliorcgoing people would con- have their regular watches, and looking Trinity Square, the there is much to be done in Trinity" each of the other ports. The aider fairly rough, the work in Merchant Navy War Memo­ " Patricia." however, spends a heavily laden motorboat maintaining the lights and all rial, and the battlements of the much of her time taking the plunging up and down in a their complicated machinery, with the fog signals and all Tower of London itself. Xor it has some "ill navigational Trinity Monday at the elec­ Elder Brethren round the swell alongside a lightship, or else, in efficient working order. is it generally realised that beacons and more than BOO tion of the Master and Wardens coast on their periodical visits the seaweed-covered steps of a Moreover, in stormy weather, Trinity House, or. to give it buoys, about 250 of which are for the ensuing year, the of inspection. rock lighthouse, calls for living in a wildly pitching its full title. 'The Guild, Fra­ lighted. Younger Brethren have no agility ami is not without ternity, or Brotherhood of the The tenders are at sea in lightship, or a rock lighthouse The work of Trinity House voice in the management. The danger. Lifebelts are com­ Most Glorious and I'ndivided their districts every week. (Concluded on page 28) has aluways kept it in close Corporation still maintains pulsory. In bad weather, with Trinity, and of St. Clement in Food, coal ami water, paint touch with the Royal Xavy. filmshoiwes for aged seamen the Parish of Deptford particularly with the Hydro- and dispenses charities. Strond." otherwise Deptford graphic Department at the Ad­ Strand, or foreshore, is the miralty. Its direct association oldest guild of mariners in By "TAFFRAIL" with the Xavy ceased during Great Britain, if not in the the Stuart period, when men- — in "The Navy" world, and was, in faet. the of-war had become a class eradle of the Royal N'avy. apart from merchantmen. Pre­ By ancient privilege the Most of its earlier records vious to then the Corporation Elder Brethren, in the Trinity were destroyed by fire in 1714; was directly responsible for Yacht " Patricia," still act as but the Brotherhood origi­ the Royal Dockyard at Dept­ Royal Pilots by preceding the nated in the twelfth century ford ; designing and building Royal Yacht "Britannia" when when a society of "Godly dis­ the King's ships; arming, Her Majesty is afloat in pilot­ posed men" was founded by equipping, manning and pro­ age waters. The Corporation Stephen Langton. Archbishop visioning many of the fleets has its special ensign and bur­ of Canterbury, "in the love of that left England. Neither a gee, though when ships are our Lord Christ, in the name gun nor a round of ammuni­ "dressed" with flags on special of the Master and Fellows of tion could be embarked with­ occasions. Trinity House Trinity Guild." to check the out a Trinity House certificate. Vessels have the right of fly­ systematic wrecking and pil­ His Royal Highness the ing the Royal Xavy's White lage of ships on the coast of Ensign at the fore. England, to succour the •hip- Duke of Gloucester has been the Master since 1942, and a Apart from the pilot cutters, wrecked, and to provide and limited number of eminent per­ thera is a fleet of nine light­ to light proper sea-marks and sonages are honorary Elder house tenders; stout, weatherly beacons for the safe guidance Brethren. The board of man­ vessels of between 600 and of mariners. A fraternity of agement which supervises the 2,000 tons, all fitted with radar, seamen with lands and alms­ work from the headquarters radio-telephony, direction-find­ houses existed at Deptford. a on Tower Hill consists of the ing apparatus, echo sounding rendezvous for shipping, long Deputy Master, now Captain gear, and the most modern before Trinity House was Sir Gerald Curteis, K.C.V.O., navigational equipment. They granted its first charter of in- corporation by Henry VIII in R.X., and Nine Elder Brethren, have cable-lifting machinery, all seamen of ripe experience bow ramps and rollers for deal­ 1514. For lasting brilliance and currant economy, use Siemens Incandoscont and Fluorescent and ex-masters of the Merchant ing with the heavy moorings The Corporation is still the Obtainable everywhere Xavv. Thev are chosen as of lightships; derricks and

February 1959 26 THE NAVY I the history of the Russian Navy is analysed with empha­ NEW ENTRIES TO RAN sis on the two World Wars and the Revolution. Following this essential background in­ APPRENTICE TRAINING ESTABLISHMENT formation, the remaining three- Eighteen boys from New Smith Wales. 13 rith. Penrith High Sehool: PARK. Philip. 98 quarters of the book descrilws from Queensland, seven each from Western Tasman Street. Kurnell, Hoys' Secondary in detail the Soviet Navy as it Australia and South Australia; three from Sehool. .lannali: Nl'SS. Graham Clifford. 22:1 strategists, who tend to assess is today, and discusses the THE MILITARY THREAT OF strategical implications. Eight­ Victoria .IN<1 two from Tasmania made up the Hen Boyd Road. Creniorue, North Sydney THE BOVDST UNION the Soviet military threat 50 selected from nil States to enter the Appren­ Technical High School; BROOKES. William solely in terms of massive laud een contributors from 11 "Thr Soviet Sary." Edited bif and air armies or weapons of different countries have ticeship Training Establishment at Quaker'* Keid. 1:17 Addison Road. Marrirkville. Eiimore written articles; Commander Hill, ueai- Parramatta (X.S.W.J mi January High Sel I: BAKER, Ronald Paul. 58 Ald- M. (I. Saunders. (Weidenfeld total destruction. It not only and. Sieahon, 36s.). spells out the implications of Saunders has been skilful both 4th. 1959, to begin their training mi the follow­ ridge Avenue. Kast Corrimal. Wnllougong in his choice of authors and ing day. Secondary Technical Sehool: WOOD. Brian HERE is no need to con­ •~>00 enemy submarines (a figure so frequently mentioned but so the scope of subjects, which The .Minister I'm- the Navy (Senator Gorton) Francis, li Riehard Street, Umina. N.S.W.. T vince readers of "The include the Russians as Naval said recently that the 50 hoys had been selected Woy Woy Central Sehool; GALE Phillip John. Navy" of the importance of uuelearly understood), but also presents a full and balanced Opponents and Allies and also by the Australian Commonwealth Naval Hoard 14 Collins Sti t. Kiania. Kiama High Sehool: sea power and the grave threat as Neighbours. on the recommendation of a committee presided BAKKK. Warren John, 4 Kerrs Road. Castle to the West posed by the Soviet picture of their Navy and the over by the captain of the training establish­ Hill, Carliugford District Rural Sehool: Navy. This book should, how­ background against which it The quality of articles is ment (Captain li. W. Mussared, R.A.N. I. JEANEs. Frank Carr, 30 Spencer Street. Rose ever, prove salutary reading to must be assessed. evenly high, and although The boys chosen from .New South Wales Bay, Randwiek Hoys' High; CURB AY, Warren those armchair (and other) After a general introduction. there is a slight tendency to were: CORLESS. Stuart Henry. !>N Wade Geoffrey, "Claremont," Craboon Dunedoo Avenue. Leeton. Leeton High Sebool; CAR­ Central Sehool. PENTER. Noel. 33 Cmuiaghan Avenue. Kast The hoys chosen from Queensland were: Corrimal. N.S.W., Corrimal High Sehool: HOLME. Robert. 45 (lynther Avenue, Brigh­ wong: COLLINS, William Robert, 30 Lyttou Seaview Road. Victor Harbour. Victor Harbour WILLIAMS, Clarence Thomas. Kintal. Tweed ton. State High School. Banyo; BELLINC- Road. Bulimba, Brisbane, Brisbane State High High School; ROBINS, Dean William. 4 Fer- River. Murwillunihah High Sehool: PIKRSOX. 11AM, Kerry James, 2 Cray Street. Red Hill. Sehool; CHIPPENDALL. Robert Kellett, 9 gusson Crescent. Prospect. Enfield High School: Robert Norton, it Second Street. Narrabundah. W.I., Industrial High School. Brisbane: Garrick Street, Gympie, Gvmpic State High HIXRICHSEN. John Graeme. 3 Albany Cres­ ACT.. Canberra High Sehool; MARSHALL, ALLAN, Douglas Wayne, 45 Herbert Street. Sehool; SCHULER. Darryl Marshall. 98 Mac- cent. Oaklands, Goodwood Technical High Prank Alfred, cm*. Hay and Wheeler Streets, Murarrie, Brisbane, Balmoral State High alister Street, Murgon, Murgon High School; School: WOOLLARD, Ian Henderson. 121 East South Dubbo. Penrith High Sehool; WALTER. Sehool: SIMMONDS, l-'rancis Jordan. Ford IN ALL, Brian Albert, Kenilworth, via Avenue. Allanhy Hardens, Thebarton Tech­ Mervin Riehard. 143 Wellington Road, Sel'ton, Road. Rockedalc. Brisbane, State High School, Kumundi, Nambour State High School; SUL­ nical School. Honiebnsh Boys' High Sehool: TWISS, David Cavendish Road. Brisbane; GARDNER, John LIVAN, John Leslie, 26 Connor Street, Koou- The boys chosen from Victoria were: JOYCEY, William. 3 Pallamana Parade. Beverly Hills. Edward. 11 Pailley Street. Wavell Heights, gal. Rockbamptoii. North Rockhampton High (irenville James, 63 Venice Street, Mentone, St. Patrick's, Strathfield; TOT.MAN. Erie Roy. Brisbane, Banyo State High School; O'LOVGH- School; MANN, Leonard George, 38 Dunmore Mentone Grammar School; MURPHY, John 207 Derby Street. Penrith. Penrith High Sehool: L1N. Peter Anthony. 66 Manchester Terrace. Street, Toowoomba, Toowoomba State High Winston. Meadowhank, Mortlake, Tcrang High TOLLEY, .James Alfred, 149 Cox Avenue. Pen­ Indooroopilly. Brisbane Boys' College, Too- School: WITT, Edgar Gordon, Bouldercombe. School: HUGGINS. David William, 40 Alfred via Rockhampton, Mount Morgan High School. Street, Maffra, Sale Technical School. The boys chosen for Western Australia were: The boys chosen from Tasmania were: "TMNITAS IN UNITATE" — from cylinders as an illuminant. and bank, shoal or rock clearly SANDERS, Robert Edgar, 95 Dalkeith Road, BAYNE. Alexander David, 5 Swan Street, page 27 have an ingenious device marked with its lightships, Ned la nds. Hale School, Perth; RAMSAY, North Ilobart. The Hutchins School; RYN- with the foaming seas washing which causes the main jets in buoys or beacons. Most of us Donald Maxwell, 177 Scarborough Beach Road. DKRS, Harley John, 19 Olive Street. Burnie, halfway up the tower, must be the lanterns to light up at the give little heed to the careful Scarborough, Perth Boys' High School; FOGO, Burnie High School. trying indeed. prescribed intervals, thus pro­ organisation which provides Geoffrey Robert, 21 Walter Road, Bassendean, W.A.. Midland High School: TWELLS, Eric Senator Gorton said that 50 more boys would In all. there are about 30 ducing the winking effect ali these navigational safe­ enter the establishment every six months. After different types of buoys weigh­ familiar to seamen. Examined guards, or to those who have William Mawson, W.A., Quairading Junior High School; FRASER, Barrie, 24 Rhodes expert instruction for five years they would ing between 5 cwts. and 9$ tons fairly frequently, the larger the day-to-day task of main­ become the Navy's skilled artificers and ship­ which have to be attended to. buoys carry sufficient gas for tenance. Street, Kalgoorlie, Eastern Goldfields High School, Kalgoorlie; BERRY, Robert John. 5 wrights in a rate equivalent to that of petty Except for the largest, which 12 months. Yet even in these days of officer. radar, echo-sounding and other Hutton Street, Collie, W.A., Collie High Sehool; are painted annually on their Improvements in lighting, The training scheme, which would provide stations and brought in to their fog signalling, radio - direc - modem inventions, shipwrecks RIDGWAY, John Fredrick, Bryn Maul, Picton still occur. Without Trinity Junction, Bunbury High School. artificers and shipwrights, had been highly depots every thr yeears, buoys tional beacons and the like are commended by leading trade union afficials and are changed each 12 months constantly being tried out by House, and the constant work The boys chosen from South Australia were: and watchfulness of its nine AMOS, Lionel Leslie, Bulls Creek, S.A., Mount the New South Wales Apprenticeship Commis­ and the old ones taken to their Trinity House. People are apt sion. Resides opening the way for boys to enter depots for refitting. Some are to accept all these aids to navi­ ships and its fine body of sea­ Barker High School; CALVERT, John Sydney, men and lightkeepers. the 89 Bridges Street, Peterborough, Peterborough upon interesting and well-paid careen in which fitted with bells, others with gation as a matter of course, they would enjoy many privileges, the estab­ whistles actuated by the move­ accustomed to seeing every im­ essential sea traffic round our High School; WILLSON, James Francis, 52 coasts could not proceed in Queen Street, Solomontown, St. Marks High lishment provided the best engineering train­ ment of the sea. The lighted portant headland with its ing of its kind in the Commonwealth. buoys carry acetylene gas in lighthouse; each hidden sand­ safety. School; MACKAY, Paul Andrew. "Sully".

21 THE NAVY h«* dogmatic whore reliable past ages through the fossil through them — there is one information must of necessity remains of animals and plants; in Slovakia, not mentioned by l>t» spurs**, there is nothing I hey have also made known to Mr. Liibke, in whieh a com­ which

THE NAW February 1959 II attempt Kor them the chapters is phrased, illustrated anil set SUBMARINE STORY on "'Methods of Construc­ nut in sequence, so as to be of tion;" on "Design," in which the greatest value to the novice "The Stick and the Stars." Hit brief general descriptions, with building his first boat. Hut Commander William' hi lift, t Hutchinson. 16*.). notes on design and construe even unite experienced amateur GIVING A PARTY? tion details, are given for sonic boat builders will find much IIK Stick and the Stars" l'< boats; and on "Choosing that is of use to them. One T tells the story of Com­ THEN WHY NOT USE FABULOUS "SASHEEN" BRAND RIBBON FOR YOUR Your Boat," will hi' a real reader, at least, who has built mander King and the sub­ honn. boats but cannot claim to be marines '"Snapper," "Trusty" TABLE DECORATIONS AND FOR FAVOURS FOR THE LADIES? The chapters on "Tools, experienced, wishes that Mr. and '"Tetcmachus." Although Stages of Construction, Finish­ Hell had written his bonk 10 there is little that is tremen­ es and I'ittings" are filled with years earlier. dously exciting about these strictly practical advice which — J. .1. s. V. war histories their stories are is available in a range of twelve beautiful colours. Made into " Magic Bows," told with a lightness of touch it adds glamour to your table and provides guests with a lovely memento of a happy occasion. and an unpretentious freshness that makes this a book that "SASHEEN" Ribbon may also be fashioned into beautiful floral effects, or quaint characters, to will stand out in the memory. form centre pieces for special occasions. I'or this is the essential sub­ WINNS marine warfare, shorn of its "SASHEEN" Brand Ribbon is available at all leading stores. glamour and excitements, the steady uiiromantic patrols Enquiries may be directed to: "THE BIG FRIENDLY STORES" which, in sum total, contribut­ ed so handsome a dividend 3M PUBLIC RELATIONS Courtesy and service give a pleasant glow to towards the winning of the MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING war. Business, and WISNS like to do Business that Commander King has shown (AUSTRALIA) PTY. LIMITED all the attributes of an author way. In that spirit they are happy to serve you. in this excellent book. Its 2 Wentworth Avenue. Sydney, N.S.W. — MA 9473 straightforwardness, its sim­ plicity, its natural How. make WINNS, Oxford Street, Sydney it an outstanding book, one of the most readable that have come out of the war so far. & Branches It is most certainly not a book to be missed. 1 — R. T. Old Sea Dogs

TALL SHIPS WAILES DOVE BITUMASTIC PRODUCTS "Epics of the Square Higged Know Ships." Edited by Charles BITUROS SOLUTION AND HARD ENAMEL W. Domiville-Fife. (Seeleg THE WORLD'S BEST PROTECTION Service, 25s.) The Best Berth. for This book, containing ac­ FRESH WATER DRINKING TANKS counts of the great ships of the sailing and trading days J. WILDRIDGE & SINCLAIR PTY. LTD. contributed from many sources, gives a fascinating overall Australia's finest Latex Foam pillows and 97 PITT STREET, SYDNEY, NAW. picture of a way of life at sea mattresses manufactured and distributed by MELBOURNE BRISBANE that has now passed. There are first hand stories and reports ACENTS: of shipwreck, mutiny, traders ANODE LATEX CO. PTY LTD. ADELAIDE GIBBS BRIGHT Ic CO. and slavers, which are not 38 May Street, St. Peters, N.S.W. PERTH FLOWER, DAVIES Ic JOHNSON really enhanced by fine HOBART R. L. M1LLIGAN writing and poetic meander- LA 3972 ings since they «an stand on their facta without trimmings.

32 THE NAVY February I9S9 33 • •

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'Henry Hlaou of Cromer/' By v1Tiir,.rK .. ,,- . ... ., ,. . . , , TINSMITHS Hew "NICOSOLVENS" Work* Curate* (llam,,,. 15..) Ww , , d»™vered that a warship in and NICOSOLVENS comes to you in a package containing 10 TV War idea wan to disguise iiinonliftht appeared as a black tubes. Each tube contains a separate medication, and a Henry Hlogg is the Gordon the ship's course and speed to shape on the horizon. Accord- GENERAL complete dosage schedule is supplied. Primarily, the con­ Richards ol the lifeboats, with fool a l-hoat commander, in iugly, Scott had his ship, the stituents of Nicosolvens ire provided to "do nicotiniso" the he- astounding record of the Second World War the flotilla-leader "Broke," painted IRONWORKERS system — get rid of the poisonous and irritant substances taring saved H7H lives. He camouflage experts went back off-white. So successful was absorbed by every smoker as quickly and effectively as served his specialize,! calling to the much older idea of this form of camouflage that possible. In addition, mediums are provided to combat >f the sea for 58 years, and making the ship invisible. With " Broke" was in collision twice withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia, digestive troubles, three times won the gold medal new techniques, ships could be with ships which only saw her nervous tension, etc. Other ingredients completely remove •ipiivalent of the V.C. painted to be almost invisible too late. the desire to smoke, and craving is eliminated in three days) One story from his record iu the special light conditions Further developments were 1 done puts him in a class by of the area where they would the substitution of a dull FOX & IAWS0N TEAR OFF limself — a wartime episode be stationed, for example the painted surface for glossy vhen six ships ran aground off Pacific, although they would finish (an idea which was also SUSSEX LANE LA MEDICALIA (AUSTRALIA) BOX 3850. S.P.O., SYDNEY Norfolk and Hlogg s lifeboat he glaringly obvious elsewhere, used to save bombers from SYDNEY ook off 88 men. Few who Ships operating in Arctic searchlights) and the painting Please send me by return mail one packet of "Nicosolvens" follow the sea lead more waters adopted a blue-white of a thick dark stripe for ahoi;t Anti-Smoking Treatment. I enclose 59 6 (cheque, money lazardous lives than the life- combination, which made them two-thirds of the length of the order, postal notes) in full payment. loatmeu: Henry Blogg is very hard to distinguish in the hull. ilrcady a legend among them, winter twilight. Quite eaily in This last was for use when (0|>|i. liiul.lm Parkers' Wharf) md this biography makes it the war. Li.-Commander Peter at anchor, so that an enemj NAME STREET t Tel.: After Hours: •videitt why. Scott, who later earned fame pilot might think that another BX JSOO F) I2.-.S II. J. in II.M.S. "Grey (loose." vessel was lying alongside. TOWN STATE DATE 4 THE NAVY •

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Vol. 22 MARCH No. 3

CONTENTS

EDITORIAL: Page Break Out a Flag

ARTICLES: Plagt of Convenience 6 Expansion of Indonesian Shipping 19 Life in a Special Boat Section 22

SPECIAL FEATURES: Seapower and Suaz » H.M.S. "Albion" 10

NAUTICAL AFFAIRS 14

SEA CADETS 21 REVIEWS 24 . CAPSTAN titr'ra »n...< sstbkT

Published by The Navy League of Australia. N.S.W.: 83 Pitt St., Sydney VICTORIA: 443 Little Collins St.. Melbourne. ADVERTISING: Sydney—BM 6024; Melbourne—MU 3123. Always ask for . . . LISTENING POST... SUBSCRIPTION RATE: 12 issues post free in the British Commonwealth. 20/.. Copies of "Herald" photographs published may be obtained direct from SHELLEY'S FOR STARS Photo Sales. " Sydney Morning Herald," Hunter Street. Sydney. FAMOUS DRINKS NEWEST weapon in man's search for know­ ledge of the heavens is the giant radio telescope. SUBSCRIPTION FORM Obtainable from leading A development of war-time radar it enables the scientist to hear electrical disturbances To 'The Navy" shops and saloons emanating from the giant star cities far out in Box 4819, G.P.O. time and space. Sydney, N.S.W. An early pioneer in the science of radio CORDIAL FACTORY astronomy, Australia has progressed until I enclose 20/- (postal note, money order or cheque) for today the Commonwealth Scientific and Indus­ 12 issues of " The Navy," post free, commencing from trial Research Organisation is in a position to SHELLEY & SONS plan for the construction of the largest radio telescope on earth. As huge as the Sydney (Please add exchange where applicable) PTY. LTD. Harbour Bridge it will be one of the most ambitious undertakings ever conceived by man Name MURRAY STREET . . . and a striking indication of Australia's growing importance in the scientific world . . C.M.A RICO TRADt MUK Not 169 !/>-,'••« Street MARRICK.VILLE WIRES ake a chance at times. But with Director of Naval Reserves, Capt. lian waters, which the local authorities G. D. Tancred, D.S.C. the coming of nuclear power and all that it MAURI BROTHERS & THOMSON LIMITED Comdr. H. L. Gunn, O.B.E.. D B.C. considered quite inadequate. Whitehall agreed, means, the navy's function as guardian of the Representatives of The Navy League: Comdr. R. A. Nettlefold, D.s.c. and when Captain Loring broke out his flag sea lanes has a greater complexity than The Compressed Yeast Co, V.R.D.. R.A.N.V.R. in H.M.S. Iris, it was an admission that L. O. Pearson, Esq.: L. Forsythe. Captain Loring ever knew. Changes of outlook Esq. Australia and New Zealand were reckoned to and method are inevitable, but the object BOX 31, P.O., WATERLOO. N.S.W. Lieut.-Comdr. F. O. Evans. have some standing of their own. aimed at is the same. And in that, both duty Hon. See.: Comdr. R. P. Mlddleton. and tradition play the same part. L O.B.E. The population of Australia had by then THE NAVY M«h, tftf I

. to be to compel shipowners to dent, a ship is in such a state A further point of interest is pay £2 per man per month into that it is not considered sea­ that Panama and Liberia were FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE signatories of the Law of the By A. N. BOULTON the I.T.W.F. Federation's worthy, action may be taken funds." against the Master to ensure Sea Convention at Geneva in While Article* under this heading have appeared In these pages from time to time, 1958, where it was agreed that a subject of great Interest to local shipping men is here examined from the Australian In actual fact the accom­ that the ship is made seaworthy modation of the PanHonLibCo before leaving an Australian . . . "each State shall fix the angle. The author Is President of the Victorian Branch of the Navy League of conditions for the grant of its Australia. ships which come to Australia port. This applies to all ships, are quite up to standard, irrespective of their nation­ nationality to ships, for the N December, 1958, ships Hy­ Approximately 1,800 ships sail although the details of employ­ ality, and it may have been registration of ships in its ter­ I ing flags of convenience under these flags and many of ment are not known. As re­ noticed in the Press over the ritory, and for the right to fly were boycotted in Australia -•At. them are owned by Greek past few years that ships of its flag . . ." But there must gards safety standards, the exist a genuine link between following a decision made by shipowners who made large situation is different, as here many different nationalities the International Transport fortunes by registering their the State and the ship, and in the question of safety is one of have been prosecuted for not particular the State must effec­ Workers' Federation in Brus­ post-war fleets, particularly fact. In Australian ships, stan­ maintaining their lifesaving sels in November. The boycott tankers, in the four countries tively exercise its jurisdiction dards of construction strength appliances in a proper condi­ and control in administrative, was to apply to ships sailing named. .Mr. Onassis, one of and of equipment must be in tion. These nationalities in­ under the flags of Liberia, technical and social matters the owners, has alleged that accordance with the regula­ clude one or two of the Pan­ over ships flying its Sag. Panama, Honduras and Costa his ships arc better paid than tions and surveys of the De­ HonLibCo countries but are by Rica which had not made ac­ the Cunarders, but the Unions partment of Shipping and no means confined to them. From this it seems that there ceptable agreements with the reply that the conditions are Transport. This Department The greatest gain in placing International Transport entirely different in that in is a decided difference of accepts, in the case of cargo ships under the flag of con­ opinion as to what is meant by Workers' Federation. In Aus­ I'auIIonLibCo ships there is no ships, the loadline certificates venience is by virtue of the tralia, only four ships were security in employment and " genuine." The solution of issued by Lloyd's after survey lower rate of taxation to which the problem is by no means affected by this boycott, but it the seamen are entirely at the by that Society, but in pas­ the owner is subjected. Be­ did have the result of bringing mercy of the employer. easy, as, even if all PanHon­ senger ships, complete surveys cause of this he is able to re­ LibCo ships made agreements before the public, not normally Little is known of the actual are always carried out by De­ place tonnage and build up a "au fait" with maritime affairs, conditions of employment in with International Transport partmental Surveyors. By In­ modern fleet of ships and thus Workers' Federation, the the term "Flags of Conveni­ these ships, but it is known ternational Agreement, any beat other ships in the com­ ence." It created a wider in­ that few of them have any matter of taxation still arises. Government may appoint an petition in world markets. The older maritime countries terest on that subject. agreement with such organisa­ approved organisation to carry American taxes as well as • • s • tions as the International will not wish to reduce taxa­ out surveys and issue certifi­ wages are very high and Ameri­ tion to the level of the four All sea-going ships are regis­ Transport Workers' Federa­ cates to ships on its register, can shipowners claim that tered in one country or an­ tion to which most Australian countries concerned, nor would and Lloyd's Register have been although they would like noth­ those countries apparently other, and, in the case of Aus­ The Navy League of Aus­ Maritime Unions belong. It is appointed, for example, by the ing better than to run their tralia extends congratulations wish to increase their taxation, tralian registered ships, it certain that there is no such Governments of the PanHon­ ships under the U.S. flag and to the Chief of the Naval Staff as the present system of allow­ means roughly that the ship organisation as the Panama LibCo countries to act on their manned by U.S. seamen, they on his promotion to Vice- ing foreign owners to register must be owned by Australian Seamen's Union and it is per­ behalf. It would be absurd are forced by the U.S. wages Admiral. Admiral Bun-ell ships in their countries must of British subjects or com­ haps by reason of there being to even suggest that Lloyd's and taxation to place their follows distinguished prede­ be quite lucrative. panies and be subject to the no agreement regarding con­ would have any different stan­ ships under foreign flags, cessors, all of whom played a laws of Australia. An Austra­ ditions of employment that dard of survey for ships flying otherwise it is impossible to part in the development of • • • lian ship has then the right to Labour Organisations are so flags of convenience than they compete in International the R.A.N. To a wealth of fly the Australian flag and is, perturbed. The "Economist" would for Australian ships. It markets. One factor which has experience, the new O.N.S. adds JAPAN TOP BHTPBtnXDas when overseas, protected by in November, 1958, put the can be accepted that ships been quoted is that U.S. tax a personality that has earned the prestige of the British matter very fairly when it classed in Lloyd's Register law requires their ships to be London, February 17. him the affection and respect Commonwealth. It's owner is said. "What the requirements which sail under the flags of amortised in twenty years, of all hands. Their good wishes Japan was the world's naturally subjected also to the of the Unions are is not alto­ convenience must conform to whereas ships under flags of taxation laws of Australia. As will be freely offered. largest ship builder during 1958 gether clear, since the wages the same standards of strength convenience usually do it in for the third consecutive year, Australia is a signatory to and standards of living and and efficiency as ships regis­ ten years. Of some 1,800 Pan­ such International Conven­ while Germany outstripped with the various maritime accommodation in the majority tered elsewhere. Any ship call­ HonLibCo ships, 45 per cent, Britain for the first time, tions as the Safety of Life at unions. of those ships are well known ing at Australian ports must are owned by Americans, 45 Sea Convention, the Inter­ securing second place, accord­ It has been stated that ships to be above reproach. Most have valid certificates of per cent, by Greeks and 10 ing to Lloyd's annual summary national Labour Organisation registered in Panama, Liberia, of the large fleets also have survey and/or loadline and the per cent, by other nations. Aus­ and the International Loadline of merchant ships launched in Honduras and Costa Rica, adequate welfare and medieal Commonwealth Navigation Act tralian ships' running costs and the world last year. Convention, an Australian ship which are not maritime nations, services, pension schemes and authorises a Commonwealth conditions are such that it is must comply with the regula­ evade high taxation, have lower other benefits and where Greek Surveyor to go aboard any ship difficult for their owners to Figures for the three world tions promulgated as a result safety standards, poorer con­ seamen are employed, for ex­ if he has reason to believe that compete with overseas ship­ leaders were: Japan, 416 ships of those Conventions and in ad­ ditions of employment, lower ample, there are collective the ship or equipment is not in owners on world markets, so it of 2,068,669 tons; Germany, dition to those requirements an wages and are not bound by agreements with the Greek accordance with the certificate cannot be said that we are so 388 ships of 1,429,261 tons; and Australian shipowner is bound International agreements re­ Seamen's Union. A more prac­ issued. If, then, through the concerned with the position as Britain, 282 ships of 1,402,000 by awards made by agreement garding Safety or Employment. tical view of the boycot appears lack of maintenance or by acci- are other British shipowners. tons.

THE NAVY March, IT*™ T may seem odd that we sorties—more than twice as I have to rely upon "The many as land-based ground Navy" (England) tor a SEAPOWER AND SUEZ attack aircraft. sample of how they do things REQUEST FOR LEAVE UEZ was primarily a sea­ Fleet Air Arm pilots to avoid Immediate and continuous in Kiji. But as "The Navy" borne operation relying lor targets endangering civilians, support was given almost en­ explains, this letter from a S the most part on seaborne and that this was fully tirely by naval carrier-borne Fijian Ministry of Works ... FIJI STYLE logistic support, tactical air achieved is a matter of con­ aircraft to the landing of employee at K.N.Z.A.K. Lau- co-operation and defence. It is siderable pride to the Fleet allied paratroops in the Port, thala Hay, was obtained from there was a lot of bricks left bottom allowing the bricks to upon our ability successfully Air Arm. Said area; the first occasion, "Air Power," who in turn had over. I hoisted the barrel back spill out. I was now heavier 1o perform such operations as In the initial task of neutral­ us far as it is known, when it from "The Communicator/' again, secured the line at the titan the barrel and so started Suez that our success in a ising the Egyptian Air Force by such forces BCve been sustained It should he worth printing bottom and then went up and down again at high speed. Half limited war, if it came, would sustained attacks on the delta and covered solely by carrier- once again, if only to show filled the barrel with extra way I again met the barrel and depend. airnVus, land-based aircraft borne aircraft. The small what dangerous jobs these bricks. Then I went down to received severe injuries to tny As the Suez operation has were joined by naval strike groups of isolated British and fellows have to do. the bottom and cast off the shins. When I hit the ground once more been in the news, aircraft operating from British French paratroops became the line, unfortunately the line I landed on the bricks, getting it is appropriate to recall some aircraft carriers. Three hun- sole responsibility of naval "Application for extension of was heavier than I was. and numerous painful cuts front of the highlights of the part dted and fifty-two sorties were aircraft from the carrier force. flown from the British carriers Leave. before I knew what was I he sharp edges. played by Naval forces in that Control teams who landed with happening the barrel started on November 1st alone, 66 To The Executive Engineer: At this point I must have operation. the first "drop" passed on the down and jerked me off the lost my presence of mind, The main naval burden fell Egyptian aircraft were des­ Respected Sir. positions of targets, which ground. 1 decided to hang on, because I let go the rope. The upon the aircraft carrier force. troyed and 50 probably dam­ required bombing and strafing, When I got to the building and half way up I met the barrel then came down and The British contribution was aged during that offensive. to waiting "cab-ranks" of (job No. B24) I f. mini that the barrel < outing down and struck me a heavy blow on the five carriers consisting of H.M. Complete air supremacy, a urval aircraft overhead. As hurricane had k nocked sonic received .1 severe blow on the head, putting tite in hospital for Ships "Eagle" "Bulwark" pre-requisite for the landing the paratroops had to fight of the bricks off the top. So I shoulder, I then continued on three days. and "Albion", whose principal of ground forces, was estab­ without administrative support ringed tip a beam with a pulley up to the top, banging my head Respectfully request five aircraft were the 600 tii.p.h.- lished. Some 60 per cent, of for 24 hours the carriers did at the top of the building and against the beam and gettng days extension of leave. plus jet Sea Hawks and Sea the losses sustained by the all that was needed, and more, hoistei! a couple of barrels of my fingers jammed in the Venoms, together with turbo­ Kgyptian Air Force were in­ to supply urgent needs. On that bricks to the top. When I got pulley. When the barrel hit Yours remember, prop Wyverns. H.M.S. flicted by the Fleet Air Arm day a total of 814 sorties was through fixiiij the building the ground it busted the (Sgd. I Viliame." "Ocean" and II.M.S. "Thes- alone. Damage to the military flown from the British carriers, "Us" provided the helicopter targets and vehicles was in­ the targets engaged Iteing lift for the Commando assault. flicted in approximately equal tanks, sclf-propel'ed guns. A/A Within the first week up­ parts by the Royal Air Force positions, hostile troop con- HIGH-SPEED, SLIDING, SURFACING, SCREW- wards of 1,000 sorties wen' and Fleet Air Arm. while ci titrations. motor torpedo flown against military object­ during the assault phase British boats, aircraft on the ground CUTTING, GAP ives and naval targets. In­ and French carrier-borne air­ and their hangars. structions had heen given to craft flew some 500 offensive BED LATHES lit addition. Navy helicopters evacuated 87 wounded, both Fail rnnditock push-button control, quid, British and Egyptian, from t li - - eaiy cKianq* qejr boi giving 40 different Food tastes better trooping zones, and supplied pitch*! and 4Q changes of speed. Sites I1 jin. to Itln. Height of central. water, medical supplies ami other necessities to the military Thtit highspeed precision lethai by Broad- foi res. bant placa at YOUR service the finest and mot! advanced Iritith machine-tool engineer­ ing. They ar* designed for simplified, cost- food is During the morning of saving production . . and tor operational November 6th. No. 45 Royal versatility which cuts capital cosh at well. better with Marine Commando—consisting Also available: Bread Lathea, Surfacing Lathea, Boring Lathes. Plant Mining of some 500 men—was put Machine*;, Heavy-duty Vertical Boring and Turning Mine, etc. ashore in the Port Said area, Quote*. SpeclBcatiOaU aad Illustrated Literature on request in support of the rest of the Good Commando Brigade which was being landed from I.S.T.s and L.C.T.8, by a fleet of heli­ SYDNEY: 301-305 Kent Street — BX loll copters from H.M.S. "Ocean" WOLLONGONG: 300 Crown Street — B 1763 and II.M.S. "Theseus". The NEWCASTLE: 23 Aldyth Street — LU 1017 whole operation was completed MELBOURNE: 63 65 Jeffcott Street — FY 3*43 FOSTER'S LACER ABBOTS LACER in 91 minutes—the first time LAFTHOtNE'S (S.AJ LTD. ADELAIDE: 232 Victoria Square — W4459 VICTORIA BITTER this form of naval landing has BRISBANE: 11* Ipswich Road, Woolloonqabba — XA 2616 MELBOURNE BITTER been cerried out.

V THE NAVY March. I*f* nothing of a quarter of a million 4'To this must be added, of FABULOUS soldered joints, with 275 slip course, the huge expenditure PERFORMANCE rings to the revolving struc­ on Research and Development. ture. However, 1 am glad to The other price is that compli­ N paying tribute to the say that this and other similar cated systems call for a higher I designers of present-day systems are now being operated degree of skill and personal equipment, Admiral Mount - and maintained at a very good qualities in our sailors than batten,then First Sea Lord, said stau lard of over-all reliability, ever before. The men concerned thai the mechanical aids which and this must reflect the great­ with equipment of this sort were available to-day had revo­ est credit on all in the industry need the ability to think lutionised the effectiveness of from top management to the quickly, they need mental en­ the modern warship. worker at the bench. durance and they need sound He singled out for special *'There is. of course, a price judgment both in operating the comment the combination of to pay for all such tremendous equipment and maintaining it. Type !*H4 radar and its com­ achievements and the financial "I am very glad to say that prehensive display system cost is probably the greatest of we are getiug a sufficiently high which is essentially the eyes, these. I wonder if you realise standard of recruits coming brain and central nervous the difference in costs between into the Navy to meet this for­ system of the ships, such as radio and electronic equipment midable but fascinating task." H.M.S. Victorious, in which it in ships of the 1988 era and is installed. those of the present day. So "When Type !*84 Radar was staggering are these differences SEABORNE first planned, serious doubts that I will quote a few: were expressed whether the 1938 1M58 COMMANDOS valves and other components £ £ he Second-in-Command of would be sufficiently reliable I'rigate- T the Royal Navy's Far East for them all to he kept in work­ destroyer 4.000 120-150.000 station, Rear Admiral V. C. ing order at once. This equip­ Cruiser . . 20,000 *»m. Begg. spoke of the formation ment uses about 10.000 valves Aircraft ol a seaborne commando force records from wives and and 100.000 components, to say carrier . I2,<00 over 1 m. II. M.S. families. In keeping with to be stationed in the Pacific. modern trends, bunks take the Based in Singapore, it will •ALBIOX'- place of hammocks and mess­ also cover the China Sea and COCKATOO DOCKS ing is of the Cafeteria type. Indian Ocean. There have been several ships EZDA Rear Admiral Begg arrived * ENCINEEtINC EEN in Sydney recently, named "Albion" in the Royal ill Sydney on the carrier H.M.S. "Albion". In company was the CO. PTY. LTD. S H.M.S. "Albion" is one of Navy. The first of them was a ZINC BASE DIE CASTING ALLOY the Royal Navy's post-war 74-gun ship of the Line built destroyer H.M.S. "Cossack", • farriers. Commissioned in in 1763. There was an armed conforming in composition with the fleet auxiliary, "Reliant" 1954. she was the first opera­ sloop of 360 tons, and another British Standard Specification 1004 and the oiler "Olner". Shipbuilders tional Carrier in the world to ship of the Line that took part The Admiral said that the Marino be fitted with angled-deck and in the Crimea War. One of first step towards the formation and Mirror Landing Gear. five battleships launched in produced by of these seaborne commandos, 1898 was also named "Albion". would be the commissioning of General Engineers Aircraft embarked include Hawker Seahawk jet day Mounting four 12-inch and a converted aircraft carrier capable of transporting 700 Contractors to . . . fighters, and De Havilland Seii twelve 6-inch guns to her main ELECTROLYTIC ZINC COMPANY to 800 men. H.M. AUSTRALIAN NAVY Venom all weather day and a r in am a n t, her tonnage night fighters In addition. (13,000) was a little more than OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED The first carrier to be eon- verted would be H.M.S. Inquirwi tnvittd Douglas Skyraider piston- half that of the present Carrier. S60 COLLINS STREET, MELBOURNE "Centaur", which would engined aircraft together with The battle honours of the Whirlwind S.55 helicopters are replace "Albion" when it "Albion's" include the block­ returned to Britain. I'nder available for search and rescue ade of Brest during the Nap­ li used in the production of COCKATOO DOCK work. active service conditions, this oleonic Wars; the American high quality die castings mobile commando force would war of 1812 and the Darden- SYDNEY With a complement of 1,500 be capab'e of operating up to officers and men, amenities elles. 'Phone: WB 1941 by members of 20(1 miles inland from the coast. include a bookstall, soda foun­ As can be seen elsewhere IH The force would be supported (10 lines) tain, library, barber's shop and this issue, H.M.S. "Albion" THE ZINC ALLOY DIE CASTERS' ASSOCIATION by aircraft and helicopters and a ship's radio that broadcasts played a part in the more OF AUSTRALIA was designed for police action news, variety items and request recent operations at Suez. rather than a full-scale war.

THE NAVY M.rch 1959 II . I '' ILIA VING just seen how deed," wrote Miss Jenkins in KM the Navy's cooks are a half-column feature which ANYONE German Navy trailed. I am left gasping with also referred to the "de­ "...AND SEE THE WORLD" wo uler at the achievement..." hydrated foods of the future." KNOW accepts re-fitted '"My, they're a gay lot in the Miss Itutler, writing in the FT K K circumnavigating were personally complimented galley ... at the end of 11 Daily Telegraph, commented: MIKE? Frigate at A the world and travelling for their high performance of works, Naval cooks arc able " . . . At the Royal Naval over 40,000 miles. 11.M.S. Scar­ duty by. Air Vice Marshal J. to make soups and sauces. Supply School, transferred to Newcastle on Tyne borough (.Commander C. W. G randy, C.B., DJS.O., the eurry mutton, bake bread, fix Chatham this year, they turn >R the past ten years, a Eason, R.N.) berthed at Ports­ Nuclear Task Force Com­ character named Mike has mouth on December 8th, three mander, before the ship sailed fish au gratiu, casserole carrot* a new boy who can't boil an F T the Newcastle - on - Tyne been the contact man for the days earlier than orientally from Christmas Island at the and produce jam tarts ;.nd pffg into a useful cook in 11 Naval Yard of Viekers- Seafarers' Club in Copenhagen, A expected. She has spent ten end of September. erea;.i horns as good as any w eks. And very good food Armstrongs [Shipbuilders) which claims to be the busiest months away from the I'nited Her passage hack to Britain you can buy in our civilian they seem to be getting in Her Ltd., on December 9th, the port in Scandinavia. Kingdom. included calls at Apia in West chain store bakeries." Majesty's ships and shore (ierniau Federal Navy formally According to reports, 10,000 em Samoa and visits to Auck­ establishments, judging by the took possession of the second Following four months with The quotations used above merchant seamen from all over land in New Zealand and Syd­ sailors I watched help them­ of the seven frigates bought the Mediterranean Fleet, the arc taken at random from the the world visit Copenhagen in ney, Melbourne and Fremantle selves at their cafeteria." from the Royal Navy a year Scarborough, one of the Royal many stories, broadcasts and the year, and spend about in Australia. television transmissions which tl.0O0.OOO in the city. That puts "go- Navy's latest anti-submarine She is the Actaeon. who was frigates, was selected for duty At the last-named port one have been used as a result of the sailor iu the tourist class, Chief Petty Officer of the ship's an Admiralty invitation to and various organisations are accepted at a short ceremony at Christmas Island in conjunc­ on behalf of the Federal Min­ tion with Britain's last series company was able to meet his women journalists to visit the SEA prepared to help him spend sister again for the first time R.N. Supply School, Chatham. his money. istry of Defence by Regierungs- of nuclear weapons tests during baudirektor 0. Fenselau from August and September. since she emigrated over twenty It v.as, perhaps, an ambitious COOKS Amongst them is the Danish years ago. Nearly all of the Mr. G. II. Houlden, Managing Her outward voyage was by and rather daring undertaking Seafaring Club who, for the Director of Vickers-Arinstrongs Maltese domestic staff on board to invite some of Fleet Street's CHANTY past ten years, have employed way of Azores, Bermuda and met relatives who had left their (Shipbuilders) Ltd., the firm Jamaica and she sailed the most accomplished women Mike as contact man. His real responsible for re-fitting the island home to settle in Aus­ writers to see for themselves name is Boerge Mikkelsen. A 4.000 miles from Panama to tralia long before. Fleet St reel, the working- ship. Anion;; those present was Christmas Island without inter­ the procedure and result of II blue water seaman himself he K«M\ i-lirii lapitan A. Zimmer- II.M.S. Scarborough also weeks' basic cookery tiainmg. place of cynical journalists, has swallowed the anchor, and mediate calls. In the test area, called at Colombo. Aden. Malta was impressed, it seems, by the niann. Naval Attache at the her principal duties consisted The resultant publicity has now puts in his time helping German Embassy in I iunion. and Gibraltar on her. way home. more than proved the ever­ methods and care which now the crews of visiting vessels to of weather reporting vital to Her Captain. Commander growing faith in modern Naval go to training Naval cooks. make their shore leave as the test, while she also carried Eason issumed command from The Actaeon, who afterwards out anti-intruder patrols. cooking. Another Wt.mcn's Page varied and worthwhile as started her sea trials with a Commander N. E. F. Dalrvmple Editor wrote after the visit: possible. ship's company of seven officers The ship's company saw four Hamilton. M.V.O.. M.B.E.. Attractive food produced by "I visited the barracks to see .Mike believes that merchant major detonations during their D.S.C.. R.N.. at Auckland on the Naval cooks at Chatham ami 69 ratings of the German hmv an eleven-weeks* concen­ seamen are still regarded as Navy, will continue to bear the services in the test area and Octane* 8th. was obviously the most impres­ trated course of cookery makes scarcely human, and are not sive featnr a- seen by Sarah name she possessed for service a competent cook — from a welcomed ashore at. what he under the White Knsign until Jenkins, th* Women's Page mere male. And the dreadful calls, '' respectable'' amuse­ Kditor of the News Chronicle. being commissioned and re- truth of the matter is that the ment centres. He therefore christened in Germany for duty She wrote: "What struck me Navy has succeeded! After meets incoming ships with the w AILES DOVE BITUMASTIC PRODUCTS as we went from class to class as Cadet traininc ship at Kiel. years id' experience with a object of arranging sports She is commanded by Fregnt- is how colour-conscious are frying pan. I must bow to the meetings or outings in the BITUROS SOLI TION AND HARI> ENAMEL Naval cooks. The strawberry ten-kapitan F. K. Paul and overwhelming success of these country. He has been known THE won UTS BEST PROTECT ION ice was a violent purply pink sailed for Bremerhaven on young men who are learning to arrange weddings as well, December 18th. that would have stood out in — in such a short time — to buy a complete baby outfit and a colour film, the blancmange present a meal fit for a queen trace missing persons. All this The Actaeon. a later Mack FRESH W ATER DRINKING TA1H I was a brassy, blond yellow. ... I have actually sampled he does fur nothing. There is Swan class of frigate, was com­ .And when my dazzled eye some of their work and have always room for more like pleted in July. 1946. by Messrs. settled thankfully on a fairly nothing but praise for them." Mike. John I. Thnmycroft & Co. Ltd. J. WILDRIDGE & SINCLAIR PTY. LTD. sober fruit nan, the instructor Cooks, like mothers-in-law. • • • • The following year she went to 97 PITT STREET , SYDNEY. NAW. .••aiiI to the trainee: ''You've South Africa and served with have been the subject of many MELBOURNE 1IRISBAN E got too much white in that music-hall jokes, but at Chat­ TONNAGE UP the South Atlantic Squadron, cream. You should break the ham, the staff of the R.N. Hamburg.—The West Ger- based on Simonstown, until AGENTS: monotony by sticking Home Cookery School are making mnn merchant shipping fleet January. 1953, steaming some ADELAIDE CIBBS BRIGHT k COk cherries or angelica into it. successful efforts to ensure that increased by ">00,fi37 cross tons 90.000 miles during this period PERTH FLOWER, DA VIES fc JOHNSON Above all, you must give the Naval cooks start out for the in Irt.'iK tn 4.048,29!) tons, said on visits to countries and HOB ART R. L. MtUJGAN food a nice appearance." galley with the best possible the West German Shipowners' islands on both the east and '*Very praiseworthy in­ training. Association. west roasts of Africa.

12 THE NAVY II trolled by two gunnery direc­ RESERVE OFFICERS AND Iadvisin g the Naval Board on all tors, and the fire control system HEN TO VISIT TASMANIA «scientifi c matters as they affect NAUTICAL AFFAIRS the Naval Service, and for the enable them to play a most ON TRAINING CRUISE effective role in the anti-air­ direction, co-ordination and NAVAL AND MERCANTILE NOTES AND NEWS craft gunnery field and in sur­ IFTEEN officers and 43 men 1contro l of all scientific activities face and bombardment engage­ Fof the Royal Australian 1undertake n by the Department ments. Naval Reserve will leave Port Io f the Navy. His responsibility for the effective conduct of the GROWING IMPORTANCE OF FROM ALL COMPASS POINTS The frigates are 360 ft. long, Melbourne on February 13th I have a beam of 41 ft. and are on a nine days' cruise, which Jwor k is to the Third Naval THE ANZAC NAVIES will include visits to Launces- Member; there is one exception ships will leave the Reserve on trials and join the New Zea­ propelled by geared turbines. n a memorandum to the ton and Devonport (Tas- It o this rule, namely in regard April 30th and arrive back in land fleet in 1960. mania). They will be em- t' o Operational Research, for I Royal Navy estimates, Lord Sydney on May 16th. Selkirk, First Lord of tin- NEW SHIPS FOR THE R.A.N. barked in three naval support [whic h he is responsible to the Announcements r e gurdinir A Useful Class of Ship craft. *Chie f of Naval Staff. Admiralty, said that the grow­ lleet movements indicate that YPE 12 (Whitby) Class ing importance of the British Whitby Class first rate frig­ Their commanding officer, they will be replaced as Aus­ T frigates are being built in EXTENDED CRUISE Commonwealth's annual naval tralia's contribution to the ates have been developed by Australia. At the end of Septem­ who will be captain of the lead­ exercise will be enhanced Reserve by the Battle class the Royal Navy for anti-sub­ ber, 195K, the grey streamlined ing craft, will be Lieutenant • HE aircraft-carrier H.M.A.S. this year when Australian and destroyers Tobruk and Anzac, marine duties. They have hull of H.M.A.S* Yarra slid Commander W. T. Hotham. T Melbourne will leave New Zealand forces take part which would sail from Sydney proved to be an outstanding down the ways at Williams- R.A.N.R.. who is a shipping I e in rough this, said the Melbourne would ate was launched at Cockatoo R.A.N.R.. also a business exe- the British navy. In the same The voyager would return to weather. With their high fore­ exercise first with units of the period a further forty-two Island at the beginning of Feb­ eutive. Sydney on June loth and the castle and clean lines they ride ruary. This was H.M.A.S. British Far Eastern Command. ships will have been modernised Melbourne on June 23rd. well in a seaway and are excep­ In making this announce­ Then it would go from Hong or converted. Parramatta. The 370 ft. frigate ment, the Minister for the Navy i tionally dry. Their enclosed is equipped with the latest Kong to Honolulu to work with "The navy is passing through bridge is excellent. It is spac­ (Senator Oorton) said that the American Pacific Fleet. a period of rapid technical ANTI-SUBMARINE anti-submarine devices and reserve officers and men formed ious, with splendid vision, weapons. "We shall be engaged mainly change." said Lord Selkirk. FRIGATES warm and comfortable in cold a very important part of Aus- . Viscount Knollys, the chair­ in anti-submarine exercises and "The large number of ships and .M.N.Z.S. Otago, the first weather. The heated windows tralian naval defences. They round-the-clock flying will be their weapons, built for the in the fore part of the bridge man of Vickers Ltd., said the fought in both the First and H ship of a planned squadron construction and equipment of carried out when possible," he most part during the last war of Whitby Class frigates for will be an asset in Arctic Second World Wars. About said. the Parramatta were most im­ 30,000 officers and men, or more to nieet the demands of the the Royal New Zealand Navy, waters. Internal communica­ Rear Armiral Burrell said pressive. than three - quarters of the time, are being replaced by a was launched on December 11th tions within the ship have satis­ the anti-submarine frigate 37.000 who served with the j fleet smaller in size designed by Her Royal Highness, Prin­ fied every demand placed upon The ship is armed with twin Quiberon would escort the Royal Australian Navy in the and equipped to meet the future cess Margaret, at the Woolston them and the siting of inter­ 4.5 in. guns, two anti-submarine Melbourne to Singapore and mortars, two double torpedo Second World War, were conditions of naval warfare." yards of John I. Thornycroft & coms., etc.. has proved most Hong Kong, then return to tubes and eight single torpedo reserves. Co. Ltd., Southampton. convenient. Without any ques­ Australia. tubes. They were awarded 215 MORE R.A.N. SHIPS TO It is the first time in the his­ tion, the Operations Room is Later it would join New decorations, including four tory of British naval construc­ the finest ever put into a small As Lady Dowling, wife of Zealand warships in exercises SERVE IN STRATEGIC (leorge Crosses, and 296 men­ tion that a ship has been built ship." Vice-Admiral Sir Roy Dowling, off the New Zealand coast. RESERVE tions in despatches. entirely for service in the Royal The experience of Command­ christened the frigate, memor­ He was proud to be the first 1IK Royal Australian Navy New Zealand Navy. Those ing Officers of ships of the class ies of two previous H.M.A.S. Flag Officer Commanding the T fast anti-submarine frigate attending the ceremony thus already in service has more Parramattas were revived. A DIRECTORATE OF Australian fleet to take his flag­ Queenborough will leave Syd­ witnessed the launching of a than borne out these words. The original ship, a torpedo SCIENTIFIC SERVICES IN ship on exercises with the U.S. ney on Tuesday, January 27th, ship of war wearing the New The frigates are extremely boat destroyer, was built in THE R.A.N. Navy. for Singapore to serve for three Zealand Knsign at the jaekstaff lethal in their anti-submarine England in 1910 and dis­ months in the British Common­ and the flag of the New Zea­ role, the armament including mantled at Cockatoo Island in HE Naval Board has insti­ R.AN.'s HARD LIVING wealth Strategic Reserve in the 1929. land Naval Board at the mast­ the latest asdic device, accom­ T tuted a Directorate of Scien­ ALLOWANCE RAISED Far East. head in place of the normal panied by an advanced design The second H.M.A.S. Parra­ tific Services and has appointed She will join her sister-ship. Union Jack and flag of the Lord of three-barrelled mortars and matta, a naval sloop commis­ Mr. P. Ward to the post of The Minister for Defence, Sir the (juiberon. which has been High Admiral. torpedo tubes, while their twin- sioned in 1940. was sunk by Director. Philip McBride, has announced serving in the Reserve since H.M.N.Z.S. Otago will fit out radar-direeted 4.5 in. guns and torpedoes off Tobruk in 1941 The Director of Scientific an increase of the Navy's "hard- August 19th last year. Both in 1959 and should undergo twin 40 mm. Bofors guns, con- while on escort duty. Services is responsible for living" allowance to 17/6 a

14 THE NAVY March, IWf II week from the first complete of Surfers' Paradise (Q.), serv­ water speed and great diving pay period this month. ing at H.M.A.S. Hannau. depth, qualities reflected in the He said the allowance would Senator Gorton added that design of her hull and super­ ANTARCTIC ACTIVITY be extended to all R.A.N, ships the opportunities provided for structure. Powered by diesel- NE ol' the first results of was one of the first people to Terra Nova, returning from instead of being limited to these four ratings to travel elcctric drive from Admiralty O the I n t e r national Geo- advance the theory that Ant­ Scott's expedition in 1911. certain small ships. overseas provided a n o t h e r Standard Range engines, she physieal Year is an under­ arctic weather played a large Initial press reports explain The allowance was Gel. and instance of those now being has snort equipment designed standing; of the main features part in determining climatic that the landing on the little I/- a duy, paid to ratings and given to most of the young men to give maximum snort-charg­ of Antarctic weather. This conditions in Australia. known coast of Oates hand officers serving in small ships who joined the R.A.N. Austra­ ing facilities even in the rough­ statement was made by Rear would allow the party to obtain to compensate them for living lian warships were constantly est sea conditions. Admiral K. N. Panzarini. Now accepted as a fact, an astro-fix, which would be in cramped quarters. visiting the Far Kast to serve Foam latex mattresses, strip Director of the Argentine Ant­ weather reporting stations at useful in aerial photographic in the British Commonwealth lighting, nylon curtains, lamin­ Macquaric Island and along the Sir Philip said the extension arctic Institute, who recently surveys of the locality. The Strategic Reserve and visit ated plastic and wood panelling coast of Antarctica are manned was because the ever-increasing visited Australia as one of the geologists would also be able to Singapore, Hong Kong, Tokyo contribute to the high living by Australian personnel. At amount ol equipment restricted eleven-nation discussion group compare rock formations with and other Japanese cities, Man­ standards achieved in this class one time, stations were pro­ space available lor living and on Antarctic atmospherics, con­ those elsewhere, and so add to ila and other places. of submarines for the ships' visioned and maintained by recreation. ducted by the Commonwealth contributions already made to Last year, alter serving in companies. Air conditioning ships of the R.A.N. The fin.il report by the Bureau of Meteorology. scientific projects connected the Strategic Reserve, the maintains an even temperature The latest landing to be with the International Geo­ services pay code review com­ R.A.N, aircraft carrier Mel­ in both the tropics and polar In welcoming the delegates, mittee on pay and allowances reported is on the coast of Oates physical Year. bourne visited Pearl Harbour regions, while a cinema projec­ the Minister for the Interior Land, on the extreme east of Within recent months, the was expected next month, Sir ' Hawaii) ami spent four weeks tor and tape recorder helps to (.Mr. Kreeth) announced that, Philip added. the Australian Antarctic Ter­ American scientific research in exercises with the I'nited combat the boredom of long at the suggestion of the I'nited ritory. This occurred towards station at Wilkes, some dis­ States Pacific Fleet submerged patrols. States, an analysis centre for the end of February. Four tance west of Oates Land, has FOUR R.A.N. TELEGRAPH­ Prom time to time suitable Porpoise class submarines are meteorological inform ation earlier attempts to land here been handed over to Australia: ISTS TO SERVE OVERSEAS ratings were selected under the 200 feet long and have a beam from the Antarctic would he 1 failed. The only ship to sight an acknowledgment that Com­ WITH ROYAL NAVY upper "yardsmen" scheme and measurement of 26 -. feet. Air set up in Melbourne. Oates Land until the Australian monwealth responsibilities are and surface warning radar can sent to the I'nited Kingdom for The late Sir Hubert Wilkins party went ashore was the much involved down south. OUR radio operators (rating special training before being be operated at periscope depth Ftelegraphists) of the Royal granted commissions in the as well as when surfaced. Australian Navy have been Royal Australian Navy. ON THE BEACH array if personalities and selected for exchange duty with props. Ava Gardner drew all the Royal Navy for two years. H.M. SUBMARINE GRAMPUS IN eyes. So did a colossal camera Two of them will serve at the COMMISSIONED mounting that can rock 'n roll. wireless station at the Admir­ MELBOURNE From it the operator swept the alty in London and two at the HE third ol the Royal Schweppes Navy's new Porpoise class F not actually on the beach, decks of H.M.A.S. Melbourne, wireless station at Krnnji, near T which were deserted for the Singapore. of operational submarines com­ DRY I Gregory Feck, the American missioned at the Birkenhead film actor, waited calmly for the occasion. The Navy co-oper­ The Minister for the Navy ated, but took no chances. In (Senator Gorton* said that yard of Messrs. Canimetl l.aird GINGER ALE end of the world at Port Mel­ and Co. Ltd., on Friday, Decem­ M.V. "Duntroon"-— I0JS00 tons bourne. its "atomic" role the submarine the ratings who would JJO to H.M.S. Andrew was insured l.oirloti are:: ber 19th. She is II.M.S. Gram­ One of the best looking pus (Lieutenant - Commander MELBOURNE with Lloyd's for £1.000,000 be­ American naval officers we've fore she went diving in the bay. Acting Leading Radio Oper­ M. P. Seth-Smith. R.N.), sister STEAMSHIP seen, "Commander" Peek has ator R. N. Baguley, of IJuskis- ship of the Porpoise and Ror- CO. LTD. an authentic air. As he stepped We've heard it said that Mel­ son (A.C.T.), at present serving qnal, already in service with on hoard (or is it "aboard f) bourne is a dead hole. On Sun­ at H.M.A.s. CresweU, the Hod Office: the Fleet. 31 KING ST, MELBOURNE an "atomic" submarine, the day, is it! And the camera Royal Australian Naval Col­ The commissioning service first example of the new U.S. never lies. Does it? Depressing lege at -lervis Hay ; and Branches or Agencies was conducted jointly by the at alt ports flag to be displayed in public as these thoughts may be, it Radio Operator

M THE NAVY March, 1959 IT •

BOOK OF THE YEAR — from "THE NAVY" MERCHANT SHIPPING ANE'S FIGHTING SHIPS HE -Minister of Shipping, The Minister said that the said that a contract had been J 1968-59" (reviewed else­ T Commodore Mohammad secondhand vessels would be signed on June 26 for the where) is always ready for the Nnzir, announced recently that converted in Japan to make delivery of 24 ships by Poland Christmas market. Hut these Indonesia by 1962 would have them suitable before they to Indonesia at the total price days it's hardly cheerful a total of 134,590 tons dead­ sailed for Indonesia. The five of $39,130,000 to be paid on a reading. It eoines as no surprise weight in shipping space, com­ ships would have double decks credit basis within a 13-year to learn that Russia is now a prising ships now already ply­ to suit Indonesia's needs, and period. first-class naval power, second ing its territorial waters, those the four new ships would be He said that all the ships only to the United States. Her floating wasps' on order and completed, and constructed with such double from Poland would be new. submarine force is given as .~>00. nest... ». > those vessels to be delivered by decks. They totalled 64,550 tons dwt.. A foreword to the new other countries within the edition of the world famous */ *• target date. naval reference work says the In 1962. Indonesia would activities of the major naval have a total of 65 ships of EXPANSION powers "points to the certainty various tonnages purchased of intensive subatpia warfare from the Soviet Union, which OF INDONESIAN in any future hostilities." were delivered some months Naval administrators the ago, from Japan, Poland, Fin­ SHIPPING world over had been shaken A flight of high-speed jets land, West Germany, Yugo­ out of the orbit of conventional slavia and Italy, the Minister ships, eonven.ioual propulsion scrums to 30,000 feet from the pitching added. Prices competing with world comprising 11 of the 9(H)-950 and conventional weapons. Beginning this year, the ships markets tons dwt. elass, seven of the carrier deck ... a magnificent test "With their increase in size, ordered from these countries Th<- total cost of the ships 2,300 tons dwt. class, four of propulsive power and destruc­ of pilot, aircraft and the Golden Fleece fuel would gradually arrive in purchased from the Japanese the 4,350 tons dwt. class and tive power, submarines are Indonesia, and all would be amounted to U.S. 6.9 million two of the 10,300 tons dwt. coming to be regarded by the which powers the jet aircraft there in 1962. dollars, including the reduction class. of 11 per cent., the Minister principal naval powers as the of the Fleet Air Arm. The Minister made the an­ The 24 vessels would arrive capital ships of the future," nouncement at a Press con­ reported. He said that the in Indonesia gradually. Three the foreword said. The same superb quality is available ference in Djakarta, during price was not high, ag would come next year, seven Among the nuclear powers which he gave more details many changes had to be made in the next, and nine and five there was "little reason to to you in every gallon of Golden Fleece about his just concluded ship- in the five secondhand ships. in the succeeding years respec­ purchasing mission. tively. expect the aircraft carrier to Motor Spirit and lubricating Oil, He had suceeded in buying disappear yet," but the His tour of almost two and a the ships from Japan after a These ships would be freigh­ carriers of the future would so wherever you drive, look for half months took him to Japan, serious slump in prices of dead­ ters with passenger accommo­ probably be limited to about Poland, Finland, West Ger­ weight tons of shipping space, dation. half the size of the existing the blue and yellow pump with many, Yugoslavia and Italy, indicated by the many offers Besides talks on the purchase largest vessels. put to him by the Japanese as the merino ram on top. as well as a flying visit to of these ships, the possibility Aircraft carriers "will con­ Moscow. well as by Indonesian ship­ of sending merchant marine tinue to be the core of the new builders. officers and crew and tech­ streamlined Royal Navy," the Contract with Japan In addition, the Minister nicians to Indonesia had been foreword said. The Minister disclosed that continued, understanding had discussed, the Minister dis­ One feature of I'.S. policy Japan was to deliver nine also been reached by his closed. was the readiness with which vessels to Indonesia, of which mission and the Japanese A total of 81 officers, tech­ warship const ruction pro­ GOLDEN FLEECE four were new and the five Government with regard to nicians and crew was sought grammes were financed. others "secondhand" but com­ deliveries of spare parts for by Indonesia, but the Polish these ships, i.nd on the build­ There had! been two signifi­ ptnouuna MOOUCTS paratively new, being only two Government was only able to cant developments in Russian to three years old. ing of shipyards in Indonesia provide 30, who would arrive on a joint "enterprise" basis naval policy in the past year. The nine vessels were built in Indonesia soon. between the two countries. "The dead wood in the shape . . areMl ro ke Aertreflaa" by the Kinushita dockyards. He revealed that the Polish of obsolescent war ships has The Nichimen company would Government had also expressed, been cut out and there has deliver another ship to Indo­ Ships from Poland informally, willingness to train been a considerable increase in nesia, bringing the total of With regard to the results Indonesian youths in Poland Russian naval activity on the ships to be delivered by Japan trained during his negotiations to become merchant marine high seas." to ten. for ships in Poland, the Minister officers, marine technicians,

II THE NAVY Man*. Ittt I* dockworkers and shipyard ex­ by the Government before a PIASLINC final decision. perts. HE Australian Minuter for For Sea Cadets The banks had offered the Besides, twenty scholarships Primary Industry, Mr. W. credits under a 14-year re­ for Indonesian youths for study TMcMahon, last month an­ payment term, with a five per PRESENTATION OF A SEA CADET COLOUR at the Merchant Shipping nounced that a Japanese pearl­ cent, interest. Two vessels had Academy at Sepot had also ing fleet of 15 luggers and one been bought from West Ger­ TO THE TASMANIAN DIVISION been made available by the inspection ship would begin many ol the 2,300-ton dwt. Polish authorities. operations off the northern N a colourful ceremony at a the Guard under the command command of Sea Cadet Sub- class, for a total amount of The Minister for Heavy In­ coast of Australia. I parade held in II.M .VS. of Sea Cadet Sub-Lieut. M. Lieut. .1. Heath, advanced to dustry in I'olaud had offered DM 6.5 million. The two ships 11 uon on January 17. 1959, the He said this was in accordance Ashton of the Ulverstone Unit. the table where His Excellency to build shipyards in Indonesia were expected to arrive in Sea Cadet Colour was with arrangements made be­ His Excellency was met by presented the Colour, after by technicians and equipment Indonesia in 1960. They would presented to the Tasmaninn tween the Australian and the R.N.O. Commander A. W. which the Colour Party in from that country. This offer be used for cattle transport. Division, this year held by the Japanese Governments. Salisbury. The Senior Officer Slow March resumed post. would be discussed further. Hobart Unit. Tasmanian Division, Com­ Italy The Japanese will be pro­ mander G. E. W. W. Bayly and His Excellency congratulated hibited from operating within The parade, which consisted the Hobart Unit on their Finland From Italy, Indonesia had of Cadets from llobart, Burnic the Commanding Officer Hobart Finland had agreed only to purchased four ships each of 10 miles of the Australian Unit, Sea Cadet Lieut. 3. success and gave a short mainland or inhabited islands and riverstone l.'nits, was address stressing the value and sell one ship to Indonesia of the 950-ton dwt. class for the under the command of Sea Hamilton Smith. the 2.200 tons dwt. class now total amount of $400,«00 to be and will be restricted to importance of sea training, not pearling in certain areas. Cadet Lieut. A. Gates of the The Guard Commander only at present but in later under construction. paid under the C-credit system. llolmrt Unit. The parade was invited His Excellency to Italy also had offered to sell • • • • years. PAKISTAN drawn up in a hollow square, inspect the Guard. On comple­ West Germany secondhand vessels, demanding the Colour Guard in the centre tion His Excellency returned On conclusion of the address Apart from getting deliveries 40 per cent, payment of their The destroyer "Crispin," one with the Colour Party in the to the table on which the the Colour Guard and Colour of ships from West Germany. value immediately after the of our first all-welded destroyers, middle and on either side the Colour was resting. The Party marched off and the several private banks in that agreement on their pun-lias. was transferred to the Pakistan remainder of the Cadets Commanding Officer then re­ parade dismissed. country had offered credits to had been signed, the remainder Navy at Southhampton on 18th unarmed. quested the Chaplain, the Rev. Members of the Sea Cadet Indonesia amounting to $4" being payable within eight March and renamed "|ahangir." His Excellency Sir Stanley A. Cloudsdale. to consecrate Divisional Committee and their million for developing her ship­ years. Her refit and modernisation Burbury, the Administrator, the Colour. wives witnessed the ceremony ping industry. Hut this credit (From "Indonesia", Dec. has been carried out by Thorny- arrived' at 1430 hours and was After the General Blessing, and later were entertained to offer would have to be discussed 1958) crofts. greeted by a royal salute from the Colour Party under, the tea in the K.A.N.R. mess.

This term the annual in­ sccotid-in-cniiiinand, L/S Hen­ AN spection was combined wit!: derson, and L/S Gunnerson, our celebration of Trafalgar were promoted to Petty-Offi­ PARKE-DAVIS Day. on October 23rd. Captain cers, and to fill their places A.B. ACTIVE C. G. Tailored. Director of Ripper and A.B. Stanger were Naval Reserves, came down to promoted to Leading (seamen UNIT inspect the unit. After colours This year the prize for naval Shaving Cream at 16.00 Captain Tanered in­ efficiency was won by Petty FTKR a most successful spected the guard and the unit Officer Henderson and the A camp held at the Flinders and also the School band, which Consadine Cup for the best A delightfully perfumed cream that lathers with either hot or cold water. Naval depot in August, 1958, once again helped the parade first-year cadet was won by An exceptional beard softener that leaves the face soft and smooth. the ship's company of T.S. and added greatly to it. Owing A.B. liowen. "Avalon" went into camp to rain, which began to fall (The "Corian", Dee., 1958) again on their home ground at rather steadily, the march-past Parke-Davis Shaving Cream is economical to use, a tube contains sufficient the Geelong Grammar School. had to be called off. The for at least three months of daily shaves. Money cannot buy a shaving This enabled the instruc­ Director gave the unit a talk, and then went to the miniature tional staff to put into use IT SILENCE IS cream of higher quality. Try it yourself; you'll enjoy shaving. equipment that for the lack of range, where members of the time had not been used before. unit competed for the Inter- GOLDEN, THEN Available from all chemists The whaler was sailed each day Dominion Shooting Cup. As a THE SEA CADETS r.nd the cadets were pnt result of the annual inspection, through each section of the T.S. "Avalon" has, for the MUST BE ON A GOOD course, which consisted of third time, won the Sea Cadet THDMO. ITS A PARKE-DAVIS PRODUCT boatwork. work on the rifle Colour for the best unit in range, knots and splices, sig­ Victoria. THE EDITOR HAS nalling, construction of boats, After the annual inspection SPACE FOB HEWS. ship lights, anchors and cables. the guard commander and

THE NAVY M.rck IK« qualify in parachuting, which Employment in a Special Boats is carried out at an R.A.F. Section THE ROYAL NAVY LIFE IN A SPECIAL Parachute Training School. After their previous tests and In spite of all this arduous BOAT SECTION courses, it is hardly surprising training. .In SC 3 is only just AT THE BOAT SHOW that the Royal Marines rank beginning to learn his job. In By Captain P. O. DAVIS, D.S.C., R.N. a section he now becomes part T this year's National Boat the 1958 - Devizes-Westminster high amongst the star para­ Show at Olympia in Lon­ race. chutists trained. of a highly specialised and A ENERALLY a man states (1>) 4 weeks: Canoeing, navi­ efficient team. He puts into don the theme of the Royal The walls are hung with a preference for a particu­ gation, boat handling After some months of strenu­ panels of photographs depict­ G ous training, there must be practice the basic lessons he Navy's stand is the opportuni­ lar type of service when lie and negotiation of diffi­ has learnt. He starts on ad­ ties for recreational boat-work ing man;' types of boats used joins the Royal Marines and if some reward for the effort and cult water, e.g. surf, vanced training and partici­ and sailing afforded by the in the Navy. They include a it is for a SBS, his name is (c) 2 weeks: Tactical training, energy expended, for the know­ bathing picnic in the Mediter­ ledge and fitness gained. In­ pates in large scale exercises Service. Shipwright Artificer noted early in his career. On incorporating fieldcrait. with land and sea forces. He ranean, sailing in tropical completion of his recruit camouflage, demolitions, deed, the reward is twofold; Apprentices from H.M.S. waters. Fleet Air Arm pilots first, the Marine is appointed works with submarines and "Caledonia" are building a training, he will probably do and escape and evasion. coastal craft. He works with "sailing" a land yacht along eighteen months or so serving to the unit which has been his 14 foot Naval Sailing Dinghy. the runways of a Naval Air The last week of the Course goal—a Special Boats Section, the R.A.F. in continuing his at sea or with the Commandos is spent on an exercise which, parachute training. In addition, a mixed party of Station and water ski-ing be­ With this little bit of experi­ and second, he is entitled to Junior Ratings of the Seamen, hind a helicopter and a motor besides being an arduous draw the extra pay of a Swim­ In his canoe, he paddles ence behind him, he may climax, is the final test in­ Xaval Airmen, Engineering and boat. return to England and find mer Canoeist with his diving through the day and night. He corporating everything that and parachuting qualifications. learns how to make rendezvous Electrical Branches from the Alongside the Careers desk himself starting the selective has been taught during the New Entry Training Establish­ is a cinema projector showing course and training tests to He can be the highest paid of at night with submarines; he Course. On successful com­ any of his friends, be he in learns how to get bis canoe in ments, H.M.S. "Ganges", "St. "Gateway to Adventure"—a become a "Swimmer Canoeist". pletion of this stiff ten weeks' film of the career of a young It is essential to become quali­ the Royal Marines or in one of and out of a submarine quickly Vincent" and "Raleigh", are training, the next step is to the other services. and quietly; he learns how to building a two-man canoe such Naval Cadet—and a recrea­ fied as a Swimmer Canoeist tional film recently completed (St*) before a man can join a make a correct landfall on an as are built by many establish- enemy coastline at night. by H.M.S. "Bulwark" in the SBS. ments for week-end excursions Mediterranean. The excellent Initially he undergoes a In swimming, he exercises and "Outward Bound" train­ shots of water ski-ing behind a series of tests which are in all weathers by day and ing. Also on view is the canoe helicopter in this film are specially designed to determine night. He learns how to in which the Royal Marines won thought to be unique. whether he has the right approach enemy shipping and temperament and the stamina WATSON & CRANE PTY. LIMITED place his charges; he learns to understand the mysteries of required of every member of. • MANUFACTURERS & DISTRIBUTORS of a SBS. He must be a strong the silent depths and eerie home by difficult cross-country Life in a SBS is not all work All Standard and Special Brassware Fittings, including the swimmer, not afraid to go fantasies of the underwater march. as portrayed here, with the deep nor to jump into water •'WATCRANE" Spring Cock, for the Plumber and Hot Water world. Engineer. As he gains more knowledge grim duty of preparing ior from heights. He must show On land, he must combine the and experience in a SBS, so will operational tasks of war. The ability to read a map and stealth of a poacher with the • SUPPLIERS of he become a greater asset to units play all games whole­ understand elementary chart endurance of his brothers in his operational unit—a man of heartedly and have achieved work. He must be physically Full range of Gunmetal, Cast Iron and Steel Valves for the R.M. Commandos; he must many capabilities, unselfish outstanding success in national capable of long cross-country Water, Air, Oil and Steam; Baths, Basins, Lowdown Suites, see and not be seen; he must and self-confident. Eventually, and regional canoe races anil marches carrying heavy equip­ Heaters and "IDEAL" Hot Water Boilers. know how to destroy with the he will return to the training competitions, in swimming and ment. He must be skilled minimum of noise and equip­ unit and qualify as SC 2; • ELECTROPLATING SPECIALISTS in water polo, in judo and in in fieldcraft and camouflage. ment, and with the maximum of finally, he can become a pentathlon competitions. Above all, he must be capable Chrome, Silver, Nickel, Cadmium and Tin. effect. He must know how to sergeant-instructor or SC 1. In of looking after himself under live off the land; he must be • FOUNDERS of these Courses he can add to Life in a SBS is fun and hard trying conditions and have a able to memorise and later his fund of knowledge by work. Men who want to get as stout heart and a will to win. Non-Ferrous Castings and Hot Pressings, etc., in Brass, report any information that he learning how to interpret much fun out of the service The Course for initial quali­ Gunmetal, Phosphor Bronze, Aluminium Alloys. has gained on reconnaissance. aerial photographs, how to as they can and have the am­ fication as SC 3 (Swimmer • DIE MAKERS In the air he flies with the produce beach gradients and bition to mould themselves into Canoeist 3rd class) lasts ten R.A.F., and slips quietly out data forms. He will gain ex­ fit and intelligent men with the weeks. It is split up as follows, WORKS AND FOUNDRY: of the aircraft to drop with perience by supervising and ability to think and act for but not necessarily in this Fairfield Street, Vill.wood, N.S.W. his equipment and stores into taking charge of diving and themselves, can start on the order: 'Phone: YU 7171 the sea or on to the land; he raiding operations. He will road to success by trying to (a) 3 weeks: Swimming, un­ must reorientate himself learn the construction of ships, qualify as a member of a derwater Bwimming and WAREHOUSE: rapidly to his more normal bridges and -installations so Special Boat Section in the training in the use of 1037-1047 Bourite Street, Weterloo, N.S.W. elements—the sea or land. He that he will know how to cause Royal Marines. breathing sets and equip­ 'Phone: MX 5761 must stand by to be picked maximum damage with a mini­ ment. up by helicopter or return mum of explosive. P* 72 (From "The Sea Cadet") the many fine vessels illustrated. shortly. Holland completes her EXCITEMENT OF WAR and the devices of the enemy. The united States section is, refit of "Karel Doorman" and AT SEA The book takes its title from the as usual, staggering in its im­ produces a new angle, literally, "Force Ten." By George Mar storm which overtakes the fleet. mensity. The cold statement on light fleet carriers that is at telli. (Cape). Now since Conrad wrote "Typ­ that " ... it is intended that in least original. What its effect hoon, '' any novelist who tries to 1060/70 there will be 150 will he on already fast rolling THE hero of this war book is a copy him must expect to be nuclear-powered ships ... a ships remains to be seen. Italy, retired naval officer, named judged by a high standard, fleet of 75 nuclear-powered sub­ always one for striking appear­ Selly, who. having married a whether that seems fair or not. marines ..." gives the best ances, shows designs for guided neurotic woman, welcomes the This l»>i>k comes nowhere near JANES FIGHTING SHIPS possible comment on this Ser­ missile ships both new and con­ outbreak of war because it al­ Conrad's masterpiece, lint it "Victorious" uses guns and lows him to escape from her and 1958.59 mountings of C.S. pattern! vice. A study of this section verted that will at least be of does evoke an accurate picture brings several points forcibly to interest. She also, in common from his unsatisfactory life as a of the frustrations and excite­ India, with photographs of "Jane's Fiyhtimj Ships." mind—the rapid construction of with the two other ex-Axis coun­ farmer. Unhappily for himself, ment that together make up a "Brahmaputra" and "Kukri," Editnl by H. V. H. Btavkman. immense attack carriers and tries, has returned to the field his war duties are as tedious as large part of war at sea. gives promise of a new genera­ (Sampson Low Marston & nuclear submarines and the ap­ of submarine construction. De­ his peacetime chores. He is tion of ships for her naval ser­ Co.). parent absolute dependence on signs by navies formerly pre­ given a shore job, in fact, train­ HO GRAVITY HERE vice. It will be interesting to them, the enormous missile eminent in this field will be in­ ing pilots to land their aircraft watch the effect on Pakistan of within a small area. Not even "Not Entirely Serious." By "THE comment '*l>pst ever" capacity of the projected fleet teresting after so long an ab­ Tom Girtin. (Hutchinson). occurs frequently in reviews this accretion of strength. both in the ballistic and guided sence. In South America, much life in an aircraft carrier seems t»f ".Jane." nevertheless it can Abroad, it is of course America fields, and the imminent obsoles­ that is new or recent appears. to offer much excitement. A MMUNITION for the ancient he SMill that this edition is the and Russia that attract imme- cence of a large portion of the Argentina and Kra7.il now sport In 1944, however, the hero naval pastime of ribbing the best that the present Editor date attention. Despite a drastic P.S.N. It is a sobering thought new carriers. Colombia has ac­ takes on a more adventurous "Krown Jobs," alias the Army, has yet produced. After the tur­ pruning of the Russian pages by that the CS.A. can devote near­ quired two striking destroyers task, set, at first, in the Amp­ is amply provided in this moil (if a jubilee edition in new the Editor and the deletion of ly one-third of the total British from Swedish yards to counter­ hibious Operations Hase. There­ hilariously funny account of the format last year it has been p<«- much ancient material there Naval Estimates to the con­ act the Venezuelan flotilla, and after he has to tow a fleet of exploits of a wartime soldier sible to devote much more time still remains the most formid­ struction of one ship. "Enter­ Chile is awaiting delivery of landing craft to the Far East. whose literal interpretation of to amending and expanding able peacetime threat to Britain prise," the first nuclear-pow­ new destroyers from Rritish The voyage is not auspicious. the instruction to use his ini­ data and illustrations and the since the days of the Imperial dered carrier, is estimated to yards. These may well he of in­ The ratings quarrel among tiative results in farcical situa­ result amply justifies the labour High Seas Fleet. The comment cost over £100.000,000. terest as the last true destroyer themselves, and the hero quar­ tions worthy of Voltaire at his and expense involved. This edi­ in the foreword that "there has Amongst the smaller navies, designs to emanate front the rels with the Admiralty—as well peak of satire. Adroitly mixed tion of "Jane" is certainly been a considerable increase in France continues to produce country of their birth. as with the perils of the deep with the eusUrd-pie comedy value for money and a necessity Russian naval activity on the some very fine-looking ships. for those who follow naval high seas" makes chill reading This edition portrays "Colbert" affairs. when taken into account with and promises the new carrier While a brave face is put on the Hritish section the Editor is forced to make much of little JOIN THE NAVY LEAGUE for there is a scarcity of new construction and the "recent disposals" notes are both fre­ NICOL BROS. PTY. LTD. quent and large. "Victorious" INCORPORATING and the new frigate programme PENGUIN HEAVY LIFTING PTY. LTD. The object of the Navy League in Australia, like sea training to and instilling naval training in boys are well illustrated, as are the its older counterpart, the Navy League in Britain, who intend to serve in Naval or Merchant services new submarines of the "Por­ & is to insist by ail means at its disposal upon the and also to those sea-minded boys who do not poise" class. The welcome news vital importance of Sea Power to the British intend to follow a sea career, but who, given this of repeat submarines of this PENGUIN PTY. LTD. Commonwealth of Nations. The League sponsors knowledge, will form a valuable Reserve for the class is made public in this edi­ ALL CLASSES OF STEAM, DIESEL the Australian Sea Cadet Corps by giving technical Naval Service. tion as are some details and AND GENERAL ENGINEERING names of the new (General Pur­ The League consists of Fellows (Annual or Life) and Associates. pose frigates. BOILERMAKERS. OXY-ACETYLENE AND ELECTRIC WELDERS All British subjects who signify approval to the objects of the League are eligible. In the Commonwealth fleets, PLUMBING AND ELECTRICAL WORK Canada again maintains her FLOATING CRANE AVAILABLE AT ALL TIMES MAY WE ASK YOU TO JOIN and swell our members so that the Navy League In Australia may i pre-eminent position, illustrating (20 TON CAPACITY) widely known and exercise an important influence In the life of the Australian Nation? the new ships of the "Resti- ALL CLASSES OF MARINE EQUIPMENT FOR SALE For particulars, contact The Secretary. 83 Pitt Street, Sydney, N.S.W. gouehe" class and with news of or The Secretary, 443 LHtte Collins Street, Melbourne, C.I, Victoria successors to them. Incidentally, 10-20 WESTON ST., BALMAIN EAST these former ships sport the first 'Phono: WB3121 — S Una or one of the Hon. Secretaries at: • 27 Hackett Terrace, Merryetviae, S.A. British-designed 8m. gun and After Hours: UM 9485, WM 3225, FM 5708 • Box I44IT, G.P.O., Brisbane, Queensland • 62 Blencowa St., West LaaderviHe, W.A. turret to put to sea. Our own * 726 Sandy Bay Rd., Lower Sandy Bay, Hobart • 49 Frogg.ll St., Turner. Canberra, A.C.T.

24 THE NAVY March, 195? situations is a souffle of wit and Half the gelignite cargo ol irony which maintains the EXPLOSION AT SEA 160 tons had been unloaded tempo of a chuckle a page and as a, precaution when unloading a real good laugh a chapter. stopped for the night. The Few intelligent readers will About 50 people were killed crew were fighting the fire when when the British freighter the explosion occurred. "KEMBLA' fail to penetrate the identity of the symbolic soldier mas­ Seistan. carrying gelignite, blew The blast threw flames 300 querading under the name of T. up and sank at Manamah, feet into the air and shook Harhinger as being closely allied Bahrein, on February 19. houses five miles away. COPPER, BRASS AND to the real-life story of Tom During the night the boats A fleet of small rescue boats (iirtin. whose second book this picked up 18 survivors, includ­ put out, and some of them took OTHER NON-FERROUS is. Indeed, it is the abiding mis­ ing the wife and small son of the seriously injured survivors fortune of the Navy that be the first officer. to the Government hospital. WIRE CABLES & TUBES went {albeit reluctantly) to the The Seistan, of 7,440 tons, The dead include the ship's Army: as the Press (lany Law carried a crew of 16 Britons master, Captain W. A. has never been repealed. Tom and 50 Indians. Chappell. METAL MANUFACTURES LTD. (iirtin should at once be placed ^ ; PORT KEMBLA. N.S.W. ou board an aircraft carrier and ordered to write in his inimit­ SEtUNC XQENT.S able way. Connoisseurs of Service hum­ our will be well advised to rush off and acquire "Not Entirely TUBES AND BRASS WIRE WIRE AND CABLES Serious" for here is a new writer BRITISH INSULATED whose works may soon become KNOX SCHLAPP PTY. LTD. CALLENDER'S CABLES LTD. a cult. He is unique, and he is Melbourne, Albuiy, Sydney, brilliant, as he describes "the Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne, Newcastle, WoHontjong, sort of civilian soldier that Re­ Brisbane, Hobart, Launceston Sydney, Launceston. Adelaide. gular generals prefer to forget." and the sentry who gave a visit­ ing Major "a storm of obscene invective inviting him to per­ form the anatomically impos­ sible." • • a DITCH SEIZE SHIP The Dutch destroyer Drenthe THE UNITED SHIP SERVICES PTY. LTD. this month seized a Dutch inter- island vessel manned by Indo­ nesians in the Macassar Strait, Serving You Best GEELONG MELBOURNE PORTLAND between Borneo and Celebes. The Dutch Admiralty, an­ Wherever You Co nouncing this in The Hague, VICTORIA AUSTRALIA said the Indonesians opened fire when the destroyer stopped Wherever you live or go in any the vessel, the 2,180-ton part of any State in Australia you'll Kasimbar. find a friendly office of the Com­ The Indonesians were dis­ The largest organisation in Victorian ports for the supply and erection of fittings armed, and the ship, owned by monwealth Savings Bank offering K.P.M., the Royal Dutch Steam you the best in savings bank ser­ for the carriage of every description of cargo. Bulk grain fittings a speciality. Packet Company, was taken to Manokwari, in Dutch New vice. Open an account in the Dunnage supplied, holds cleaned. Decks caulked. Carpenters, joiners and Guinea. The Kasimbar was flying the CQftfMOlNWEALTH shipwrights supplied. Dutch flag and had a Dutch certificate of registry. ^OXfivfJ BANK Authoritative sources in The Hague »aid there were 14 Indo­ Everywhere for Everyone 88-102 NORMANBY RD., SOUTH MELBOURNE nesians aboard the Kasimbar Telephone: MX 5231 Telegrams and Cables: " FLEETWAYS," Melbourne

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