Archaeological Field School at Hualcayan CordilleraPERU Blanca,

2011 Field Season Session 1: May 22 - July 2 Session 2: July 10 - August 20 Session 3: August 28 - Sept 24 The Archaeological Investigation Perolcoto Hualcayan is a large archaeological complex located in the northern Callejón de Huaylas, a large valley in the highland Andes of north-central Peru. This valley is formed by two mountain ranges on either side of the Santa River: the glaciated Cordillera Blanca to the east and the Cordillera Negra to the west. Hualcayan is situated in the Cordillera Blanca and borders the Parque Nacional del Huascaran near the famous Alpamayo mountain peak. The archaeological complex of Hualcayan is comprised of three primary sectors, which span the mid Formative Period (and likely earlier) to the Late Intermediate Period (~900 BC-AD 1450):

Perolcoto is the oldest confirmed sector at the site, dating to at least as early as the mid- late Formative or “Early Horizon” (900-200 BC), and will be the main focus of our investigation. Perolcoto consists of four platform mounds, and test excavations in 2009 confirms they had a ritual function. These mounds are associated with stone terraces and canals as well as several monumental Panchocuchu enclosures. During the 2011 field season we will continue excavations Panchocuchu is just southeast of Perolcoto, and is a in the platform mounds as well as large area of ancient habitation and mortuary activity. This excavate several enclosures, terraces sector has not yet been excavated, but ceramic, sculptural, and canals to understand how this early and architectural indicators suggest activities began during ceremonial and agricultural landscape the late Formative Period and continued at least until the Late was constructed and what religious Intermediate Period (~900 BC-1450 AD). This sector will be and economic significance it had test excavated in order to relate habitation practices to the

during the Formative Period. activities in Perolcoto.

M IchicTzacpa a Perú r a ñ o IchicTzacpa is a large cemetery sector that extends across the n

mountainside above Perolcoto and Panchocuchu. This sector will be

Trujillo H u a the main focus of the bioarchaeological component of the project, l l a g involving the survey, registry, and excavation of tombs, which include Caraz a above-ground roofed structures called chullpas and modified caves Huaraz called machay. While this cemetery spans many periods of the site’s Callejon de occupation, excavations will focus primarily on the earliest tombs Huaylas

identified in order to relate the health, lifestyles and mortuary M a n ta rituals of the site’s early inhabitants to the ritual and agricultural ro practices in Perolcoto. Hualcayan Lima The Field School During the field school at Hualcayan, you will participate in lectures and hands-on demonstrations both on site and in the laboratory. Your participation in daily fieldwork will allow for the development of a wide variety of skills and knowledge in archaeological methods and Andean prehistory. You will experience and learn: * the methods of excavation in a variety of contexts (mounds, terraces, households, etc.) * how to interpret and draw architecture, features and layers * how to map architecture and excavated features using a total station * how to process and inventory artifacts and soil samples in the laboratory * how each activity in the field and laboratory is aimed to answer specific Taking a break from excavation research questions about Ancient Hualcayan * hands on introductions to: artifact analysis and illustration, the analysis of human skeletal remains, and using GIS to spatially organize data Giving Back * Andean prehistory with a focus on the early civilizations of Peru. In the ancient Andes as well as today, each During your stay you will also have the opportunity to: community member is required to give a portion of their time and labor, or mita, * Visit archaeological museums in Lima, Huaraz, Chavin and Caraz Drawing and taking levels of excavated features towards projects that benefit * Tour the monumental archaeological sites of Chavín de Huántar, the entire community. Tumshukayko and Willkawaín * Get to know the cities of Huaraz and Caraz and experience local markets As we will be living and working as guests * Have free days in Hualcayan to hike to nearby ruins and natural features in the traditional Quechua community of * Visit the natural hot springs and swimming pools of Monterrey and the Hualcayan, it is important that we give our natural beauty of Laguna Parón. time to the community in gratitude for their hospitality. Each field school session will perform one to two days of mita, such as painting the community building where we will live, or spending time assisting education projects in the local elementary school. Participants will also have the Processing and analyzing artifacts opportunity to donate books and supplies Field school participants desiring course supplies to the school children. credit will be evaluated on: The project will also be hosting a number 1. The quality of participation and effort in of local archaeology university students the field and laboratory (UNASAM - Huaraz) and field school 2. The quality of the student’s personal field participants will have an opportunity to notebook, which will include a daily log of learn alongside their Peruvian peers. You will work alongside community members from Hualcayan each student’s activities, findings and as well as Peruvian university students interpretations. Camp Life in the Hualcayan Community

The field school will take placewithin the small Quechua village of Hualcayan (3100m). Hualcayan is a traditional rural community totaling around 300 people, who are primarily farmers growing quinoa, potatoes, beans and wheat, in addition to raising animals such as pigs, cows, chickens, and guinea pigs or cuy. Hualcayan is located 1.5 hours northeast of the nearest town, Caraz (2600m). The community has generously provided us space in their new Our field house and laboratory concrete and adobe community building within a five minute Preparing wheat for sale in the local market in the heart of Hualcayan walk from the archaeological site which will serve as our home, of nearby Caraz kitchen, and laboratory. It is also complete with the only flush toilet in the village. We cook with gas stoves and take turns with cooking responsibilities. We will have a sun shower available for use on a rotating basis at the end of the day. Vegetarians and vegans should know that the majority of our protein comes from canned tuna, cheese, eggs, and yogurt; protein is an important dietary requirement for working in this environment. We will also eat a wide variety of vegetables incorporated into rice, quinoa and pasta dishes and have fruit each day. The climate in Hualcayan varies between extremes: down to freezing at night and between 60° and 80° F during the day. We will be at high elevation (3100 m or 10,170 ft) and the sun can be quite intense, so sun protection in the form of long-sleeves, hats and sunscreen is important. You will also need appropriate clothing to stay warm at night, as well as your own sleeping bag and mat. You will be provided with ample time to adjust to the elevation before any vigorous work. The people in Hualcayan are friendly and used to foreigners passing through their community as it is a base camp for trekkers entering the Parque Nacional del Huascaran and for climbing the famous Alpamayo mountain peak. This and the other peaks of the national park are covered by glaciers, giving the mountain range its name: the Cordillera Blanca. If you are interested in doing a trek after the project, we can arrange this for you with one of the experienced local guides. In addition to resting days spent in the nearby cities of Huaraz and Caraz, you will have some free time in Hualcayan to relax and get to know the community and the other archaeological sites and natural features nearby. While Spanish is not a requirement for the field school, you will be expected to learn at least basic phrases to greet others in the

community. The majority of people in Hualcayan speak both Quechua and Spanish. Typical days will begin by 7:30 am and continue until around 4:30 pm with a break for lunch. Laboratory duties will be rotated, in which groups of three or four will spend three days in the Caraz house and laboratory working with our lab instructors. In Caraz there are also hot showers, restaurants, numerous internet cafes and a warm climate. Chores in Hualcayan will also rotate and include cooking, dishwashing, boiling water, getting lunch ready for the field, and sweeping. Participants must be willing to live in close quarters with others and have a general attitude of cooperation...and be willing to have

fun while working hard! At the end of the project we will have a party featuring a pachamanca meal, an Andean-style barbecue cooked in a pit dug in the ground. This will give you an opportunity to thank the community for their hospitality. Spinning yarn Mapping assistants Project Members

Rebecca E. Bria Lic. Felipe Livora Castillo PIARA Project Director, Field School Instructor PIARA Project Co-Director, Asst. Field School instructor Doctoral Candidate at Vanderbilt University (USA) Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Peru) Rebecca has eleven years of experience in field archaeology Felipe has eleven years of experience in field archaeology and began investigations in the Andes ten years ago. She is within Peru, the majority of which has taken place in director of the Proyecto de Investigacion Arqueologico highland Ancash where Hualcayan is located. His expertise Regional Ancash, the official investigative project through lies in survey and excavation methods as well as total station which this field school will be conducted. Her experience mapping. Felipe has spent several years working with field lies in excavation, survey, total station mapping, field and schools and will be leading activities in excavation and artifact illustration, ceramic analysis and GIS. Rebecca will be leading the investigation, and the mapping. He will also serve as PIARA’s co-director. data collected from this project will be used to sustain her dissertation and other publications.

Lic. Mario Advincula Zeballos Christine Pink Field Specialist, Assistant Field School Instructor Bioarchaeologist, Assistant Field School Instructor Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Peru) Doctoral Candidate at the U. of Tennessee - Knoxville (USA) Mario is a highly experienced archaeologist who has (USA) Chris will be completing her PhD this year, and has ten years worked for over fifteen years in many areas of Peru. He of experience doing bioarchaeology in Peru and elsewhere. has extensive expertise in excavation, survey, ceramic She uses a variety of methods to study population migration analysis, archaeological illustration and museum curation. and paleodemography in the Andes. Chris began collaborat- He will be leading activities in excavation and mapping at ing with PIARA in 2009 and she will be leading the excavation Hualcayan. and skeletal analysis of tombs at Hualcayan.

Kathryn DeTore Lic. Carmela Alarcon Ledesma Field and GIS Specialist, Asst. Field School Instructor Paleoethnobotanical Specialist, Asst. Field School Instr. B.A. Vanderbilt (USA), M.A. National U. of Ireland - Galway Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Peru) Kathryn has four years of field experience working in Peru Carmela is a leading expert in the analysis of botanical and Ireland. She is experienced in excavation and total materials in the Andes. She will be instructing how to station mapping, and has a master’s degree in landscape process soil samples from excavation to extract botanical archaeology and the archaeological applications of GIS remains that will then be identified by species. This analysis technology. She will be assisting instruction in excavation is essential to reveal the types of food people were and mapping. consuming in the past at Hualcayan.

Lic. Elizabeth Cruzado Carranza Material Specialist, Assistant Field School Instructor Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Peru) Elizabeth has seven years experience in archaeology, focused on the regions of highland Ancash and the Central Coast of Peru. She is a specialist in the analysis, conservation and curation of ancient ceramics and other materials in the Andes. Elizabeth will be supervising all laboratory activities and teaching introductions to material analysis. Contact and Additional Information Session 1: May 22 - July 2 (six weeks) Session 2: July 10 - August 20 (six weeks) Session 3: August 28 - Sept 24 (four weeks)

For additional information: Please visit us at www.piaraperu.org/hualcayanfieldschool for up to date information or contact Rebecca Bria at [email protected]. Program Fees: Sessions 1 and 2: $2300 Session 3: $1950 Fees include: * Credit hours (one credit per week) * All transportation within Peru * All meals and all housing during fieldwork * All archaeological supplies and instruction * Transportation, food and entrance fees for group trips to museums in Lima, the archaeological sites of Chavín de Huántar, Tumshukayko and Willkawaín, the hot springs and swimming pools of Monterrey, and the Laguna Parón. Fees do not include: * Airfare to Peru from your hometown, health/travel insurance, vaccinations, passport and visa fees, airport taxes or personal cash * Sleeping bag, sleeping mat and clothing (for warm days and cold nights) * Medicines, vitamins, or other necessities (we will have first aid medicine) * Food and accommodation during free time in Lima or Huaraz * Any additional snacks or drinks * Any travel throughout Peru before or after the field school To apply: * Please visit the website to download the application. * Positions in any of the three sessions are first-come, first-serve, and space is limited so apply early. More details on the selection process are available online. * The application priority date is March 25, 2011. A $300 deposit is required to reserve your spot. Any late applicants must send their deposit within two weeks of acceptance into the field school. Students and recent graduates in archaeology/anthropology may be given priority but otherapplicants are welcome. * For all participants balance is due by April 15, 2011. * If you already have sufficient experience in archaeological methods and would like to volunteer as a crew chief in one or more sessions, please send an email describing your interest as well as your CV and the name, email and phone number of a reference who can speak to your prior experience in the field. Crew chief positions are competitive and will be made at the discretion of the project director.