Gene Count from Target Sequence Capture Places Three Whole Genome Duplication Events in Hibiscus L
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S. M. El Naggar & N. Sawady Pollen Morphology of Malvaceae and its taxonomic significance in Yemen Abstract El Naggar, S. M. & Sawady N.: Pollen Morphology of Malvaceae and its taxonomic signifi- cance in Yemen. — Fl. Medit. 18: 431-439. 2008. — ISSN 1120-4052. The pollen morphology of 20 species of Malvaceae growing in Yemen was investigated by light (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The studied taxa belong to 9 genera and three different tribes. These taxa are: Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus trionum, H. micranthus, H. deflersii, H. palmatus, H. vitifolius, H. rosa-sinensis, H. ovalifolius, Gossypium hirsutum, Thespesia populnea (L.) Solander ex Correa and Senra incana (Cav.) DC. (Hibiscieae); Malva parviflora and Alcea rosea (Malveae); Abutilon fruticosum, A. figarianum, A. bidentatum, A. pannosum, Sida acuta, S. alba and S. ovata (Abutileae). Pollen shape, size, aperture, exine structure and sculpturing as well as the spine characters proved that they are of high taxonom- ic value. Pollen characters with some other morphological characters are discussed in the light of the recent classification of the family in Yemen. Key words: Malvaceae, Morphology, Yemen. Introduction Malvaceae Juss. (s. str.) is a large family of herbs, shrubs and trees; comprising about 110 genera and 2000 species. It is a globally distributed family with primary concentrations of genera in the tropical and subtropical regions (Hutchinson 1967; Fryxell 1975, 1988 & 1998; Heywood 1993; La Duke & Doeby 1995; Mabberley 1997). Due to the high economic value of many taxa of Malvaceae (Gossypium, Hibiscus, Abelmoschus and Malva), several studies of different perspective have been carried out, such as those are: Edlin (1935), Bates and Blanchard (1970), Krebs (1994a, 1994b), Ray (1995 & 1998), Hosni and Araffa (1999), El Naggar (1996, 2001 & 2004), Pefell & al. -
Polyploidy and the Evolutionary History of Cotton
POLYPLOIDY AND THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF COTTON Jonathan F. Wendel1 and Richard C. Cronn2 1Department of Botany, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA 2Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA I. Introduction II. Taxonomic, Cytogenetic, and Phylogenetic Framework A. Origin and Diversification of the Gossypieae, the Cotton Tribe B. Emergence and Diversification of the Genus Gossypium C. Chromosomal Evolution and the Origin of the Polyploids D. Phylogenetic Relationships and the Temporal Scale of Divergence III. Speciation Mechanisms A. A Fondness for Trans-oceanic Voyages B. A Propensity for Interspecific Gene Exchange IV. Origin of the Allopolyploids A. Time of Formation B. Parentage of the Allopolyploids V. Polyploid Evolution A. Repeated Cycles of Genome Duplication B. Chromosomal Stabilization C. Increased Recombination in Polyploid Gossypium D. A Diverse Array of Genic and Genomic Interactions E. Differential Evolution of Cohabiting Genomes VI. Ecological Consequences of Polyploidization VII. Polyploidy and Fiber VIII. Concluding Remarks References The cotton genus (Gossypium ) includes approximately 50 species distributed in arid to semi-arid regions of the tropic and subtropics. Included are four species that have independently been domesticated for their fiber, two each in Africa–Asia and the Americas. Gossypium species exhibit extraordinary morphological variation, ranging from herbaceous perennials to small trees with a diverse array of reproductive and vegetative -
An Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Guthrie County, Iowa
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS Volume 98 Number Article 4 1991 An Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Guthrie County, Iowa Dean M. Roosa Department of Natural Resources Lawrence J. Eilers University of Northern Iowa Scott Zager University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright © Copyright 1991 by the Iowa Academy of Science, Inc. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/jias Part of the Anthropology Commons, Life Sciences Commons, Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons, and the Science and Mathematics Education Commons Recommended Citation Roosa, Dean M.; Eilers, Lawrence J.; and Zager, Scott (1991) "An Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Guthrie County, Iowa," Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS, 98(1), 14-30. Available at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/jias/vol98/iss1/4 This Research is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa Academy of Science at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS by an authorized editor of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Jour. Iowa Acad. Sci. 98(1): 14-30, 1991 An Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Guthrie County, Iowa DEAN M. ROOSA 1, LAWRENCE J. EILERS2 and SCOTI ZAGER2 1Department of Natural Resources, Wallace State Office Building, Des Moines, Iowa 50319 2Department of Biology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, Iowa 50604 The known vascular plant flora of Guthrie County, Iowa, based on field, herbarium, and literature studies, consists of748 taxa (species, varieties, and hybrids), 135 of which are naturalized. -
Missouriensis Volume 28 / 29
Missouriensis Volume 28/29 (2008) In this issue: Improved Status of Auriculate False Foxglove (Agalinis auriculata) in Missouri in 2007 Tim E. Smith, Tom Nagel, and Bruce Schuette ......................... 1 Current Status of Yellow False Mallow (Malvastrum hispidum) in Missouri Tim E. Smith.................................................................................... 5 Heliotropium europaeum (Heliotropiaceae) New to Missouri Jay A. Raveill and George Yatskievych ..................................... 10 Melica mutica (Poaceae) New for the Flora of Missouri Alan E. Brant ................................................................................. 18 Schoenoplectus californicus (Cyperaceae) New to Missouri Timothy E. Vogt and Paul M. McKenzie ................................. 22 Flora of Galloway Creek Nature Park, Howell County, Missouri Bill Summers .................................................................................. 27 Journal of the Missouri Native Plant Society Missouriensis, Volume 28/29 2008 1 IMPROVED STATUS OF AURICULATE FALSE FOXGLOVE (AGALINIS AURICULATA) IN MISSOURI IN 2007 Tim E. Smith Missouri Department of Conservation P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, MO 65102-0180 Tom Nagel Missouri Department of Conservation 701 James McCarthy Drive St. Joseph, MO 64507-2194 Bruce Schuette Missouri Department of Natural Resources Cuivre River State Park 678 State Rt. 147 Troy, MO 63379 Populations of annual plant species are known to have periodic “boom” and “bust” years as well as years when plant numbers more closely approach long-term averages. In tracking populations of plant species of conservation concern (Missouri Natural Heritage Program, 2007), there are sometimes also boom years in the number of reports of new populations. Because of reports of five new populations and a surge in numbers of plants at some previously-known sites, 2007 provided encouraging news for the conservation of the auriculate false foxglove [Agalinis auriculata (Michx.) Blake] in Missouri. -
A Global Assembly of Cotton Ests
Downloaded from genome.cshlp.org on October 3, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Resource A global assembly of cotton ESTs Joshua A. Udall,1 Jordan M. Swanson,1 Karl Haller,2 Ryan A. Rapp,1 Michael E. Sparks,1 Jamie Hatfield,2 Yeisoo Yu,3 Yingru Wu,4 Caitriona Dowd,4 Aladdin B. Arpat,5 Brad A. Sickler,5 Thea A. Wilkins,5 Jin Ying Guo,6 Xiao Ya Chen,6 Jodi Scheffler,7 Earl Taliercio,7 Ricky Turley,7 Helen McFadden,4 Paxton Payton,8 Natalya Klueva,9 Randell Allen,9 Deshui Zhang,10 Candace Haigler,10 Curtis Wilkerson,11 Jinfeng Suo,12 Stefan R. Schulze,13 Margaret L. Pierce,14 Margaret Essenberg,14 HyeRan Kim,3 Danny J. Llewellyn,4 Elizabeth S. Dennis,4 David Kudrna,3 Rod Wing,3 Andrew H. Paterson,13 Cari Soderlund,2 and Jonathan F. Wendel1,15 1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; 2Arizona Genomics Computational Laboratory, BIO5 Institute, 3Arizona Genomics Institute, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA; 4CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra City ACT 2601, Australia; 5Department of Plant Sciences, University of California–Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA; 6Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China; 7United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA; 8United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, Texas 79415, USA; 9Department of Biology, Texas Tech University, -
Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids
Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids . mustards, mallows, maples . **Brassicaceae - mustard family Large, complex family of mustard oil producing species (broccoli, brussel sprouts, cauliflower, kale, cabbage) **Brassicaceae - mustard family CA 4 CO 4 A 4+2 G (2) • Flowers “cross-like” with 4 petals - “Cruciferae” or “cross-bearing” •Common name is “cress” • 6 stamens with 2 outer ones shorter Cardamine concatenata - cut leaf toothwort Wisconsin has 28 native or introduced genera - many are spring flowering Herbs with alternate, often dissected leaves Cardamine pratensis - cuckoo flower **Brassicaceae - mustard family CA 4 CO 4 A 4+2 G (2) • 2 fused carpels separated by thin membrane – septum • Capsule that peels off the two outer carpel walls exposing the septum attached to the persistent replum **Brassicaceae - mustard family CA 4 CO 4 A 4+2 G (2) siliques silicles Fruits are called siliques or silicles based on how the fruit is flattened relative to the septum **Brassicaceae - mustard family Cardamine concatenata - cut leaf toothwort Common spring flowering woodland herbs Cardamine douglasii - purple spring cress **Brassicaceae - mustard family Arabidopsis lyrata - rock or sand cress (old Arabis) Common spring flowering woodland herbs Boechera laevigata - smooth rock cress (old Arabis) **Brassicaceae - mustard family Nasturtium officinale - water cress edible aquatic native with a mustard zing **Brassicaceae - mustard family Introduced or spreading Hesperis matronalis - Dame’s Barbarea vulgaris - yellow rocket rocket, winter cress **Brassicaceae -
Review and Advances in Style Curvature for the Malvaceae Cheng-Jiang Ruan*
® International Journal of Plant Developmental Biology ©2010 Global Science Books Review and Advances in Style Curvature for the Malvaceae Cheng-Jiang Ruan* Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bio-Resources Utilization, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian City, Liaoning 116600, China Correspondence : * [email protected] ABSTRACT The flowers of the Malvaceae with varying levels of herkogamy via style curvature have long intrigued evolutionary botanists. This review covers the flower opening process, approach herkogamy, style curvature and character evolution based on molecular phylogenetic trees, adaptive significances of style curvature and the mating system in some portions of the genera in this family. Hermaphroditic flowers of some species have showy petals and pollen and nectar rewards to pollinators. Approach herkogamy, in which stigmas are located on the top of a monadelphous stamen, has evolved as a mechanism to reduce the frequency of intra-floral self-pollination or the interference between male-female organs. Protandrous or monochogamous flowers in the fields open at about 5-7 days and 1-2 days respectively, and pollination is conducted by insects and birds. Interestingly, un-pollinated styles in some species curve when pollination fails. According to our observations and published or internet data, this curvature occurs in 23 species distributed in eight genera of four tribes (Malvavisceae, Ureneae, Hibisceae, Malveae) and appears to have evolved at least eight times. A shift to use style curvature is associated with a shift to annual or perennial herbs, and an unpredictable pollinator environment is likely an important trigger for this evolution. The adaptive significances of style curvature in the Malvaceae include delayed selfing, promotion of outcrossing or reduction in intrafloral male-female interference, sometimes two or three of which simultaneously occur in style curvature of one species (e.g., Kosteletzkya virginica). -
U5b5c4e4 OA.Pdf
Downloaded from genome.cshlp.org on September 9, 2019 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Letter Differential lineage-specific amplification of transposable elements is responsible for genome size variation in Gossypium Jennifer S. Hawkins,1 HyeRan Kim,2 John D. Nason,1 Rod A. Wing,2 and Jonathan F. Wendel1,3 1Iowa State University, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; 2University of Arizona, Department of Plant Sciences, Arizona Genomics Institute, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA The DNA content of eukaryotic nuclei (C-value) varies ∼200,000-fold, but there is only a ∼20-fold variation in the number of protein-coding genes. Hence, most C-value variation is ascribed to the repetitive fraction, although little is known about the evolutionary dynamics of the specific components that lead to genome size variation. To understand the modes and mechanisms that underlie variation in genome composition, we generated sequence data from whole genome shotgun (WGS) libraries for three representative diploid (n = 13) members of Gossypium that vary in genome size from 880 to 2460 Mb (1C) and from a phylogenetic outgroup, Gossypioides kirkii, with an estimated genome size of 588 Mb. Copy number estimates including all dispersed repetitive sequences indicate that 40%–65% of each genome is composed of transposable elements. Inspection of individual sequence types revealed differential, lineage-specific expansion of various families of transposable elements among the different plant lineages. Copia-like retrotransposable element sequences have differentially accumulated in the Gossypium species with the smallest genome, G. raimondii, while gypsy-like sequences have proliferated in the lineages with larger genomes. -
Comparative Analysis of Gossypium and Vitis Genomes Indicates Genome Duplication Specific to the Gossypium Lineage
Genomics 97 (2011) 313–320 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Genomics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ygeno Comparative analysis of Gossypium and Vitis genomes indicates genome duplication specific to the Gossypium lineage Lifeng Lin a, Haibao Tang a, Rosana O. Compton a, Cornelia Lemke a, Lisa K. Rainville a, Xiyin Wang a,b, Junkang Rong a,1, Mukesh Kumar Rana a,c, Andrew H. Paterson a,⁎ a Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA b Center for Genomics and Biocomputing, College of Sciences, Hebei Polytechnic University, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China c NRC on DNA Fingerprinting, NBPGR, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India article info abstract Article history: Genetic mapping studies have suggested that diploid cotton (Gossypium) might be an ancient polyploid. Received 17 November 2010 However, further evidence is lacking due to the complexity of the genome and the lack of sequence resources. Accepted 15 February 2011 Here, we used the grape (Vitis vinifera) genome as an out-group in two different approaches to further explore Available online 22 February 2011 evidence regarding ancient genome duplication (WGD) event(s) in the diploid Gossypium lineage and its (their) effects: a genome-level alignment analysis and a local-level sequence component analysis. Both Keywords: Gossypium studies suggest that at least one round of genome duplication occurred in the Gossypium lineage. Also, gene Lineage specific genome-wide duplication densities in corresponding regions from Gossypium raimondii, V. vinifera, Arabidopsis thaliana and Carica Vitis vinifera papaya genomes are similar, despite the huge difference in their genome sizes and the different number of Whole genome alignment WGDs each genome has experienced. -
Vascular Plant Species of the Comanche National Grassland in United States Department Southeastern Colorado of Agriculture
Vascular Plant Species of the Comanche National Grassland in United States Department Southeastern Colorado of Agriculture Forest Service Donald L. Hazlett Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-130 June 2004 Hazlett, Donald L. 2004. Vascular plant species of the Comanche National Grassland in southeast- ern Colorado. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-130. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 36 p. Abstract This checklist has 785 species and 801 taxa (for taxa, the varieties and subspecies are included in the count) in 90 plant families. The most common plant families are the grasses (Poaceae) and the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Of this total, 513 taxa are definitely known to occur on the Comanche National Grassland. The remaining 288 taxa occur in nearby areas of southeastern Colorado and may be discovered on the Comanche National Grassland. The Author Dr. Donald L. Hazlett has worked as an ecologist, botanist, ethnobotanist, and teacher in Latin America and in Colorado. He has specialized in the flora of the eastern plains since 1985. His many years in Latin America prompted him to include Spanish common names in this report, names that are seldom reported in floristic pub- lications. He is also compiling plant folklore stories for Great Plains plants. Since Don is a native of Otero county, this project was of special interest. All Photos by the Author Cover: Purgatoire Canyon, Comanche National Grassland You may order additional copies of this publication by sending your mailing information in label form through one of the following media. -
De Novo Genome Sequence Assemblies of Gossypium Raimondii and Gossypium Turneri
GENOME REPORT De Novo Genome Sequence Assemblies of Gossypium raimondii and Gossypium turneri Joshua A. Udall,*,1 Evan Long,† Chris Hanson,† Daojun Yuan,‡ Thiruvarangan Ramaraj,§ Justin L. Conover,‡ Lei Gong,** Mark A. Arick,†† Corrinne E. Grover,‡ Daniel G. Peterson,†† and Jonathan F. Wendel‡ *USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Crop Germplasm Research Unit, College Station, TX 77845, †Plant and Wildlife Science Dept. Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84042, ‡Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Dept., Iowa § State University, Ames, IA 50010, School of Computing, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, **Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China, and ††Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing & Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762 ORCID IDs: 0000-0003-0978-4764 (J.A.U.); 0000-0001-6007-5571 (D.Y.); 0000-0002-7333-1041 (T.R.); 0000-0002-3558-6000 (J.L.C.); 0000-0001-6429-267X (L.G.); 0000-0003-3878-5459 (C.E.G.); 0000-0002-0274-5968 (D.G.P.); 0000-0003-2258-5081 (J.F.W.) ABSTRACT Cotton is an agriculturally important crop. Because of its importance, a genome sequence of a KEYWORDS diploid cotton species (Gossypium raimondii, D-genome) was first assembled using Sanger sequencing Gossypium data in 2012. Improvements to DNA sequencing technology have improved accuracy and correctness of raimondii assembled genome sequences. Here we report a new de novo genome assembly of G. raimondii and its Gossypium close relative G. turneri. The two genomes were assembled to a chromosome level using PacBio long-read turneri technology, HiC, and Bionano optical mapping. This report corrects some minor assembly errors found cotton in the Sanger assembly of G. -
Vascular Plant Species of the Pawnee National Grassland
,*- -USDA United States Department of Agriculture Vascular Plant Species of the Forest Service Rocky Mountain Pawnee National Grassland Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-17 September 1998 Donald L. Hazlett Abstract Hazlett, Donald L. 1998. Vascular plant species of the pawnee National Grassland. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-17. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 26 p. This report briefly describes the main vegetation types and lists the vascular plant species that are known to occur in and near the Pawnee National Grassland, Weld County, Colorado. A checklist includes the scientific and common names for 521 species. Of these, 115 plant species (22 percent) are not native to this region. The life forms, habitats, and geographic distribution of native and introduced plants are summarized and discussed. Keywords: grasslands, Colorado flora, Great Plains flora, plant lists The Author Dr. Donald L. Hazlett, a native of the eastern plains of Colorado, has lived and worked in the Pawnee National Grassland region since 1983. Before 1983 Don spent 12 years working in Honduras and Costa Rica. He has worked for Colorado State University as site manager for the Central Plains Experimental Range, as a visiting professor in the biology department, and as a plant taxonomist for the Center for Ecological Management of Military Lands. Since 1995 Don has been a research contractor for ecological and floristic studies in the western United States. He prefers ethnobotanical studies. Publisher Rocky Mountain Research Station Fort Collins, Colorado September 1998 You may order additional copies of this publication by sending your mailing information in label form through one of the following media.