STUDY PERIOD – MARCH 2013 TO MAY 2013 ML NO.- 5/97
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN & QUESTIONNAIRE FOR BANESTI – I RED ORCHRE, SILICA SAND & CHINA CLAY MINE LEASE AREA – 113.31 HECT. (NON FOREST) PROJECT COST –4.25 Crore PURPOSE: EXPANSION RED OCHRE – From 50,000 to 4,00,000 TPA CHINA CLAY – From 1,20,000 to 4,00,000 TPA SILICA SAND – From 3,00,000 to 10,00,000 TPA
NEAR VILLAGE –BANESTI, TEHSIL & DIST – CHITTORGARH (RAJASTHAN) CATEGORY ―A‖
APPLICANT EIA CONSULTANT MOHD. SHER KHAN M/s UDAIPUR MIN – TECH PVT. LTD. VILLAGE & POST – SAWA, 312613 206, APEKSHA COMPLEX, SECTOR –11 DIST. - CHITTORGARH (RAJASTHAN) HIRAN MAGRI, UDAIPUR –313002 (RAJ.) Mob. +91 9414110542 PH- 91-294-2489672 (OFF.), Mob.09414167672 E – Mail:- [email protected] E mail :- [email protected] ACCREDITED BY NABET ‗A‘ CATEGORY FOR OPEN CAST MINING PROJECT Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
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CONTENTS SR. NO. PARTICULAR PAGE NO. COMPLIANCE TO TERM OF REFERENCE (TOR) 11-17 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT / ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAPTER – I INTRODUCTION 19-31 1.1 PURPOSE OF REPORT 1.2 PROJECT PROPONENT 1.3 BRIEF PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.4 LOCATION AND COMMUNICATION 1.5 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIORNMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 1.6 MARKET POTENTIAL 1.7 METHODOLOGY FOR EIA 1.8 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1.9 TERMS OF REFERENCE CHAPTER – II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 32-46 2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT 2.2 NEED OF THE PROJECT 2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 2.4 REGIONAL GEOLOGY 2.5 ESTIMATION OF RESERVES 2.6 PROPOSED METHOD OF MINING 2.7 PRODUCTION PLAN OF THE MINERAL AND WASTE GENERATION IN THE FIRST FIVE YEARS AND WASTE UP TO LEASE PERIOD. 2.8 UTILITIES AND PROPOSED SITE FACILITIES CHAPTER – III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 47-115 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE 3.3 TOPOGRAPHY 3.4 CLIMATIC CONDITION 3.5 PHYSIOGRAPHY 3.6 HUMAN SETTLEMENT 3.7 HYDROLOGICAL ASPECT 3.8 ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION 3.9 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
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3.10 SOIL 3.11 BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS 3.12 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3.13 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3.14 SOCIO – ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT CHAPTER – IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & 116-130 MITIGATION MEASURES 4.0 INTRODUCTION 4.1 TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE 4.2 IMPACT ON CLIMATE 4.3 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT 4.4 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVEL 4.5 IMPACT ON HYDROLOGICAL CONDITION 4.6 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY 4.7 IMPACT ON FLORA 4.8 IMPACT ON FAUNA 4.9 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 4.10 IMAPCT ON SOIL 4.11 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 4.12 STRUCTURED ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN CHAPTER –V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE ) 131 5.1 SITE ALTERNATIVES 5.2 TECHNOLOGY ALTERNATIVE CHAPTER – VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 132-135 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.2 ENVIRONMENT POLICY 6.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL 6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS 6.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CHAPTER – VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 136-151 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.2 ON SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING 7.3 OFF SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING
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CHAPTER – VIII PROJECT BENEFITS 152 – 155 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 8.3 IMPROVEMENT IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 8.4 HEALTH & SAFETY 8.5 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL 8.6 CONCLUSION CHAPTER – IX ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 156 – 174 9.0 INTRODUCTION 9.1 LAND RECLAMATION 9.2 WASTE MANAGEMENT 9.3 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES 9.4 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES 9.5 GROUND VIBRATION CONTROL MEASURES 9.6 WATER POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES 9.7 MEASURES TO IMPROVE SOCIAL – ECONOMIC CONDITION 9.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 9.9 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH 9.10 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.11 ENVIRONMENT POLICY 9.12 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL CHAPTER – X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 175 – 177 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10.2 AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES 10.3 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 10.4 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 10.5 RECOMMENDATION CHAPTER-XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED 178 – 182
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LIST OF TABLES TABLE PARTICULAR PAGE NO. NO. 1.1 PRODUCTION DETAIL 24 1.2 DATA GENERATION 28 2.1 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 32 2.2 UNFC CODE FOR RESERVE ESTIMATION 39 2.3(A) PRESENT EARTH MOVING MACHINERY 40 2.3 (B) SUMMARY OF EQUIPMENT REQUIRED TO 41 MEET THE TARGETED PRODUCTION 2.4 PRODUTION DETAILS OF RED OCHRE CHINA 43 CLAY & SILICA SEND 2.5 YEARLY WASTE GENERATION 43 2.6 PEAK WATER REQUIREMENT 44 2.7 MAN POWER 45 3.1 MEAN TEMPERATURE & RELATIVE HUMIDITY RECORDS FROM DABOK (UDAIPUR) IMD 56 STATIONS 3.2 WIND SPEED & RAINFALL 56 3.3 TEMPERATURE RECORDS AND RELATIVE 59 HUMIDITY AT MINE SITE 3.4 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING 60 STATIONS 3.5 PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING VARIOUS 61 AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS 3.6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 63 (PM10 24-hr Con. in ug/cum) 3.7 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 65 (Sox 24-hr Conc. in ug/cum) 3.8 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 66 (Nox 24-hr Conc. in ug/cum) 3.9 COMPARISON OF AIR MONITORING RESULTS 67 3.10 (A) LOCATION OF NOISE MONITORING 68 STATIONS 3.10 (B) NOISE LEVEL WITHIN THE STUDY AREA 68 3.11 TRAFFIC DENSITY 69 3.12 (A) LOCATION OF SOIL MONITORING STATIONS 71 3.12 (B) SOIL SAMPLE ANALYSIS 73 3.13 (A) LIST OF SAMPLING LOCATION FOR 75 BIOLOGICAL SURVEY 3.14 LIST OF PLANT SPECIES RECORDED IN STUDY 82 AREA
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3.15 YEARS WISE PLANTATION AREA USED FOR 87 PLANTATION WITH SURVEY DETAILS 3.16 LIST OF MEDICINAL PLANTS & SPECIES 88 RECORDED IN THE STUDY AREA 3.17 LIST OF FAUNAL SPECIES RECORDED IN THE 92 STUDY AREA 3.18 LIST OF REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SPECIES 94 RECORDED IN THE STUDY AREA 3.19 LIST OF BIRD SPECIES RECORDED IN THE 97 STUDY AREA 3.20 AGRICULTURAL YIELD IN STUDY AREA 103 3.21 (A) LAND USE PATTERN – EXISTING, END OF 105 to 106 (B) &(C) LEASE PERIOD/MINE
3.22 LOCATION OF WATER QUALITY MONITORING 109 STATION 3.23 (A) GROUND WATER ANALYSIS 111 3.23 (B) SURFACE WATER ANALYSIS 112 3.24 LIST OF SOCIO ECONOMICS SURVEY 113 4.1 NOISE GENERATED BY DIFFERENT 122 MACHINERY 4.2 FREE NOISE ATTENUATION WITH DISTANCE 122 4.3 PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE INCASES OF 123 CONTINUOUS NOISE 4.3.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARD IN 123 RESPECT OF NOISE 4.4 LANDUSE USE FROM PRE-OPERATIONAL, 127 OPERATIONAL & POST-OPERATIONAL 4.5 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT MATRIX 130 6.1 MONITORING SCHEDULEE FOR 134 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS 6.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION 135 MEASURES 9.1 LAND USE IN DIFFERENT STAGES 157 9.2 LAND USE OF ML AT THE EMD OF MINE 157 LIFE 9.3 SCHEDULE OF PLANTATION 159 9.4 PLANTATION SPECIES 159 10.1 MONITORING SCHEDULEE FOR 176 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS 10.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 176 MEASURES
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LIST OF FIGURES FIG NO. PARTICULAR PAGE NO. 3.1 TOPOGRAPHY MAP OF THE STUDY AREA 51 3.2 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA 53 3.3 WIND ROSE (MARCH 2013 TO MAY 2013) 58 3.4 AIR MONITORING SAMPLING LOCATION MAP 62
3.5 NOISE AND TRAFFIC DENSITY MONITORING 70 SAMPLING LOCATION MAP 3.6 SOIL MONITORING SAMPLING LOCATION MAP 72
3. 7 BIOLOGICAL SAMPLING LOCATION MAP 76
3.8 PHOTOGRAPH OF MINE LEASE AREA 79
3.9 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT IN MINE LEASE 80 AREA 3.10 VEGETATION PATTERN OBSERVED IN BUFFER 81 ZONE 3.11 GREEN BELT DEVELOPED AROUND MINE LEASE 86
3.12 DISCUSSION WITH PROJECT PROPONENT 92
3.13 BIRD SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA 96
3.14 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP OF STUDY AREA 102
3.15 SATELLITE IMAGE OF STUDY AREA 104
3.16 SURFACE & GROUND WATER SAMPLING 110 LOCATION MAP 3.17 SOCIO ECONOMIC LOCATION MAP 114
4.1 WIND ROSE (MARCH 2013 TO MAY 2013) 120
4.2 CONCENTRATION OF PM DUE TO EMISSIONS 121 FROM MINING ACTIVITIES (1 KM)
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LIST OF PLATES
PLATE NO. PARTICULAR 1.0 LOCATION PLAN 2.0 KEY PLAN 3.0 (A) GEOLOGICAL PLAN 3.0 (B) GEOLOGICAL SECTIONS 4.0 SURFACE LAYOUT PLAN & SECTIONS 5.0 CONCEPTUAL PLAN & SECTIONS
LIST OF ANNEXURES ANNEXURE PARTICULAR NO. I COPY OF TOR LETTER II COPY OF ADDITIONAL TOR III COPY OF LEASE AMALGAMATION ORDER IV COPY OF RIDER AGREEMENT FOR AMALGAMATION OF LEASES. V LEASE MAP OF THE AREA WITH DEMARCATION REPORT OF (113.31 HA.) VI COPY OF MINING PLAN APPROVAL LETTER VII COPY OF ENVIRONMENT CLEARENCE LETTER FOR 3.0 LAC / ANNUM OF SILICA SAND, 1.20 LACS FOR CHAINA CLAY AND 50000 TPA OF RED OCHRE. VIII COPY OF MINING SCHEME APPROVAL LETTER FOR 113.31 HA. IX COPY OF EC COMPLIANCE X ARRAVALI LETTER XI COPY OF CTO & COMPLIANCE
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XII COPY OF MONITORING TEST REPORT XIII COPY OF NABL APPROVED CERTIFICATE OF LABORATERY XIV COPY OF AUTHIENTICATE LIST OF FLORA & FOUNA XV CONSERVATION PLAN FOR COMMAN PEA FOWL. XVI COPY OF SOCIO ECONOMIC STUDY XVII COPY OF PUBLIC HEARING MINUTES WITH PHOTOGRAPHS XVIII COPY OF ACTION PLAN FUND ALLOCATION XIX COPY OF COMPRENHENCE REPORT ON HEALTH STATUS OF THE WORKERS & PHOTOGRAPHS XX COPY OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY APPROVED BY THE MD. XXI COPY ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL CHART. XXII COPY OF AQ MODELING REPORT XXIII PHOTOGRAPH OF EXISTING PLANTATION XXIV ENVIRONMENT LOAD STATEMENT XXV DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED XXVI PRODUCTION DETAILS 1989-90 to 2002 to 2003
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POINT TO BE CLARIFIED TO THE EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE, (EAC), MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS (MOEF), NEW DELHI AS PER THE APPROVED TOR FOR BANESTI MINE OF CHINA CLAY, SILICA SAND AND RED OCHRE OF M/S MOHD. SHER KHAN AT VILLAGE BANESTI, TEHSIL AND DIST – CHITTORGARH (RAJ.), LEASE AREA –113.31 HECT.
Sl. No. as Description as per SEAC Covered in EIA as per details per SEAC 1 Status of compliance of the earlier EC It is enclosed as Annexure No-IX. conditions along with supporting documents and photographs should be submitted. 2 Year-wise production details since 1994 Year-wise production details since 1994 onwards should be given clearly stating the onwards with highest production highest production achieved in any one year achieved in any one year is given in prior to 1994. It may be categorically Table No.1.1 on Page No.24. Highest production during the period informed whether there had been any from 1994-2006 was 29196.90 Tonnes increase in production after the EIA during the year 1994-1995. Where as Notification, 1994 coming into force w.r.t the prior to the year 1994 highest highest production achieved prior to 1994. production was 63558.90 Tons during the year 1990-91. Refer Annexure-XXVI 3 A copy of the document in support of the fact It is enclosed as Annexure No III to that the proponent is the rightful lessee of V. the mine should be given. 4 All documents including approved mine Contents in all documents are plan, EIA and Public hearing should be synchronized with one another in compatible with one another in terms of the terms of mine lease area, production mine lease area, production levels, waste levels, waste generation, its generation and its management and mining management & mining technology. Technology and should be in the name of the All the documents are in the name lessee. of Lessee Mohammad Sher Khan. 5 Does the company have a well laid down Detailed given in chapter –VI of Environment policy approved by its Board of EIA/EMP report. Enclosed as directors? If so, it may be detailed in the annexure-XIX EIA report. 6 Does the Environmental policy prescribe for Detailed given in chapter –VI on standard operating process/procedures to page no.-132 to 133 of EIA/EMP bring into focus any infringement/ deviation report. /violation of the environmental or forest norms/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report. 7 What is the hierarchical system or Hierarchical system or Administrative Administrative order of the company to deal order of the company to deal with the with the environmental issues and for environmental issues and for ensuring ensuring compliance with the EC conditions. compliance with the EC conditions has Detailed of this system may be given. been prescribed in the said policy document. Refre Chapter No.VI on page no. 133 of EIA/EMP report.
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8. Does the company have a system of Detailed given in chapter –VI on reporting of non compliances /violations of page no. 133 to 134 of EIA/EMP environmental norms to the Board of report. Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large ? This reporting mechanism should be detailed in the EIA report. 9. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone Study area comprises of 10km around the mine lease from lease periphery radius around the Mining Lease and the data contained in the EIA such as boundary. Key Plan showing core waste generation etc. should be for the life of zone (ML area) and buffer zone (10 the mine / lease period. km radius from the lease boundary) has been incorporated in Chapter III (Fig.-3.1, Page no.-51).of EIA/EMP Report. Data like reserves, waste generation upto life of mine have been incorporated in Chapter II on page no. 42 to 43 of EIA/EMP Report. 10. Land use of the study area delineating Satellite imagery showing the forest area, agricultural land, grazing land, present land use pattern for the wildlife sanctuary and national park, Core & Buffer zone (10 km from the migratory route of fauna, water bodies, Lease Boundary) has been prepared. human settlements & other ecological The same has been incorporated in features should be indicated. Chapter III of EIA/EMP Report.
There is no National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Migratory routes of fauna falls within the 10 km radius of study area.
Plz. Refer Page No.99 to 104 fig 3.14 to 3.15(page no. 104) in Chapter No. III of EIA report. 11. Land use plan of the mine lease area should Plz. Refer Table no. 4.4 in Chapter be prepared to encompass pre operational, No. III on Page No.127of EIA report. operational & post operational phases and submitted. 12. A confirmation may be adduced, duly Project does not fall in Aravalli. authenticated by the competent authority in the State Government to the effect whether Copy of letter is annexed as the project falls in Aravalli and whether it is ―Annexure No. X‖ covered by the order of the Hon‘ble Supreme Court dated 8.4.2005 in the contempt petition (C) 412/2004 in writ petition 202 of 1995 in the matter of Godavarman vs Union of India.
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13. Location of National parks, Sanctuaries, No National parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife corridors, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Tiger/Elephant reserves (existing as well as corridors, Tiger/Elephant reserves. proposed), if any within 10 km of the mine No Protected forest exists. lease should be clearly indicated supported by a location map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance, if any, as may be applicable to such projects due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above should be obtained from the State Wildlife Dept. / Chief Wildlife Warden under the Wildlife (Protection) Act‘1972 and copy furnished. 14. A detailed biological study for the project Plz. Refer Page No. 74 to 99 in [core zone & buffer zone (10 km radius of Chapter No. III of EIA report. the periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora & fauna, duly Authenticated list of flora & fauna authenticated, separately for core and buffer enclosed as annexure – XIV. zone should be furnished based on field survey clearly indicating the schedule of the Conservation Plan for Comman Pea fauna present. In case of any scheduled-I fowl is enclosed as annexure-XV. fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and wildlife deptt. and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the project cost. 15 Impact of change of land use should be At the end of life of mine life about given. 62.54 ha area will be excavated. About 43.47 Hect. area will be left for rain water storage & 19.07 Hect. mined out benches will have plantation.
Plantation on virgin land 20.00 hect. and 15.97 hect. plantation over dump and 19.07 mined out benches. Thus total plantation at end of lease period will be 54.07 hect. Details area given in Chapter IV/IX of EIA/EMP Report 16. R&R plan / compensation details for the No displacement of people is project affected people should be furnished. involved in this case. Therefore, While preparing the R&R plan, the National R&R is not applicable for project. Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs/STs and other weaker sections, need based sample
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survey, family- wise, should be undertaken to assess their requirement and action programmes prepared accordingly integrating the sectorial programme of line departments of the state Government. 17 One season (non-monsoon) primary baseline Details given in chapter -IIIon Page- data on ambient air quality (PM10, SO2 and 47 to 115 in EIA / EMP report. NOx), water quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna shall be collected and the Locations of the monitoring stations AAQ data so collected presented date- wise are taken as per the prevailing wind in the EIA and EMP report. Site –specific direction during the study period. metrological data should also be collected. Prevailing wind direction is given on The location of the monitoring stations in Fig. No. 3.3. of Page No. 58. should be justified. There should be at least one monitoring station within 500 m of the mine lease in the pre-dominant downwind direction. The mineralogical composition of PM10 particularly for free silica should be given. 18. Air quality modeling should be carried out Wind rose in Fig 4.1 on Page No. for prediction of impact of the project on the 120 of EIA report. Air quality air quality of the area. It should also take modeling details are given on page into account the impact of movement of no 120 of Chapter IV of EIA report. vehicles for transportation of mineral. The details of the model used and input parameters used for modeling should be provided. The Air quality contours may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the location of site, location of sensitive receptors, if any, and habitation. The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map. 19. The water requirement for the project, its Average Total water requirement 27.5 availability and source to be furnished. A KLD. Pit water will be used for detailed water balance should also be spraying and plantation. 0.60 KLD provided. Fresh water requirement for the water required for drinking and project should be indicated. sanitation. The availability of water from tube / dug well from Kawaja bagh, therefore no permission is required.. Plz Refer Page No.44-45, chapter -II of EIA report for detailed water balance. 20 Necessary clearance from the Competent Not required as water for mining Authority for drawl of requisite quantity purpose will be made available of water for the project should be provided. from pit water and drinking water will be met from Tubewell inside the lease area. 21 Details of water conservation measures About 43.47 hect of land will be used proposed to be adopted in the project should for rain water storage at the end of be given. mine life.
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22 Impact of the project on the water quality No impact on surface as well as both surface and groundwater should be ground water because no waste assessed and necessary safeguard measures, water will be discharged due to if any required, should be provided. mining and mining will be restricted above ground water. 23. Based on actual monitored data, it may The max. depth 360 mRL (60 m bgl) clearly be shown whether working will The water table is at 350 mRL as intersect groundwater. Necessary data and observed in dug well situated out documentation in this regard may be site lease area. Thus working will provided. In case the working will intersect not intersect groundwater. groundwater table, a detailed hydro Maximum proposed depth of mining geological study should be undertaken and is 360 mRL Pl. Refer page no.108. report furnished. Necessary permission from General Ground water table is at a Central Ground Water Authority for depth of 345(Pre-Monsoon) to 350 ( working below ground water and for Post monsoon )mRL. pumping of ground water should also be Hence mining will never intersect obtained and copy furnished. the ground water table. 24. Details of first order stream, if any passing Not applicable through lease area and modification / diversion proposed, if any and the impact of the same on the hydrology should be brought out. 25. Details of rainwater harvesting proposed, if No rainwater harvesting is proposed any, in the project should be provided. but the rain water which will get collected in pit will help in recharging the ground water table. 26. Information on site elevation, working Page No. 107, para-3.13 of EIA depth, groundwater table should be report. Schematic diagram is given provided both in AMSL and bgl. A schematic on page no. 108 of EIA report. diagram should also be provided for the same. 27. Quantity of solid waste generation to be Details given in Table-2.5 (page-43). estimated and details for its disposal & management should be provided. The quantity, volumes and methodology planned for removal and utilization (preferably concurrently) of top soil should be indicated. Details of backfilling proposed, if any, should also be given. It may be clearly indicated that out of the total waste generated during the mine life, how much quantity would be backfilled and how much quantity would be disposed off in the form of external dump (number of dumps, their height, terraces etc. to be brought out). 28. The reclamation plan, post mine land use Details given in Table 9.1 & 9.2 and progressive greenbelt development plan (page-156 & 157). shall be prepared in tabular form
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(prescribed format) and submitted.
29. Impact on local transport infrastructure due Not much impact on local transport to the project should be indicated. Projected as only 8-10 dumpers/ day will be increasen in truck traffic as a result of the required for transport of mineral project in the present road network from mine. Increase in truck traffic (including those outside the project area) is negligible and capable of handling should be worked out, indicating whether it the increased load. State govt. is capable of handling the increased load. conduct traffic census regularly and Arrangement for improving the take action accordingly. However infrastructure, if contemplated, (including monitoring of traffic density in table action to be taken by other agencies such as 3.11. on Page 69. State Government) should be covered. 30. Details of the infrastructure facilities to be Office cum store exists within the provided for the mine workers should be lease area of the lessee facilitated included in the EIA report. with toilet, rest shelter, first aid room, telephone & safety equipments like helmets, safety boot etc. Details are in chapter-II on Page no.- 46 of EIA / EMP report. 31. Conceptual post mining land use and Conceptual post mine land use of reclamation and rehabilitation of mined out mined out area given in Table no. area (with plans and with adequate number 9.1 & 9.2 on Page 157 respectively & of sections) should be given in the EIA shown in Conceptual Plan with report. sections, as Plate-5. 32. Phase-wise plan of greenbelt development, Details given on Table 9.3, Page-159 plantation and compensatory afforestation respectively. should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given. 33 Occupational health impact of the project Occupational health check up camp should be anticipated and preventive conducted every 3 year. Detailed measures initiated. Details in this regard health & safety plan is given in should be provided. Details of pre – Chapter no IX on page no 167 to 168 placement medical examination and in EIA/EMP report. periodical medical examination schedules Comprehensive report on health should be incorporated in the EMP. status of the workers & photograph is enclosed as annexure-XIX. 34 Measures of socio economic significance and The project will give a direct influence to the local community proposed to employment to about 58 local be provided by project proponent should be people. Indirect employment indicated. As far as possible, quantitative opportunities for tranportors, dimension may be given with time frame for machinery / vehicle servicemen etc. implementation. will also be generated. 35. Detailed environmental management plan Since mining is proposed in private to mitigate the environmental impacts land and partly Govt. Waste Land which, should inter-alia also include the so no such negative
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impact due to change of land use, due to impact is anticipated. loss of agricultural land and grazing land, Details given in chapter-IX on Page if any besides other impacts of the project. -156 to 174 of EIA / EMP report. 36. Public hearing points raised and Public Hearing was conducted on commitment of the project proponent on 30.05.2014. Refer Annexure no.- the same along with time bound action XVII for minutes of public plan to implement the same should be hearing and Annexure no XVIII provided. for action plan. 37. Details of litigation pending against the No litigation is pending against the project, if any, with direction / order passed project. by any Court of Law against the project should be given. 38. The cost of the project (capital cost and The cost of the project (capital cost- recurring cost) as well as the cost towards 4.25 Crore and recurring cost-2.5 implementation of EMP should clearly be Crore) as well as the cost towards spelt out. implementation of EMP-28.50 Lakhs, details is given in EIA/EMP.
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
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CHAPTER - I INTRODUCTION
Mining Environment and development have become complimentary to each other. As a result of developmental activities visible ill-effects of the environmental degradation are clear and give signals of the concern. Therefore a sustainable development of the area involving extraction of mineral wealth vis-à-vis protection of environment is the ultimate solution for betterment of mankind.
1.1 PURPOSE OF REPORT The Environmental Impact Assessment has been prepared to assess the current environmental scenario of the area and then based on the activities of mining proposed, to carry out Environmental Management Plan. The plan will identify and address the impacts, where these are adverse in nature, and thereafter design mitigate measures to manage such impacts in a manner as to conserve environment and ecology of the area. The EMP has been prepared with a view to ultimately ensure that the adverse impacts are minimized if these cannot be prevented altogether.
Environmental clearance is a statutory requirement for the new and old establishment of any mining project of which EIA has to be prepared and submitted to respective agencies of state and center level in line with EIA Notification, 1994.
As per New EIA Notification Dated 14th Sept. 2006, Environmental Clearance is required for all new mining projects / renewal of lease / enhancement of production where in the lease area is 5.00 hect and above.
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The application for prior EC (Form – I & PFR) under expansion category for production of Red Ochre from 50,000 TPA to 4,00,000 TPA was submitted to EAC, MOEF, New Delhi on dated 28.05.2011. Meeting of the EAC (mining) was held on dated 24th Aug., 2011 and TOR was issued vide letter no. J- 11015/140/2011-IA.II (M) Dated 21st Sep. 2011 for preparation of an Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Report in respect of the project. (Refer Annexure No. I). To achieve the increased production of Red Ochre as per TOR there is a need for additional development laterally as well as in depth & this will result in increase in production of China Clay & Silica Sand as well. Hence, application for additional TOR for enhancement of production of China Clay from 1,20,000 to 4,00,000 TPA and Silica Sand from 3,00,000 to 10,00,000 TPA was submitted to MoEF, New Delhi on 23rd January 2012.
As per the request dated 23rd Jan, 2012 for additional ToR the proposal was again considered in the EAC meeting held on 28th Aug. 2012. Based on the information furnished and presentation made, the committee in its meeting revalidated ToRs issued earlier vide letter dated 21st Sep, 2011 for enhancement of production of Red Ochre from 50,000 TPA to 4,00,000 TPA , China Clay from 1,20,000 TPA to 4,00,000 TPA and Silica Sand from 3,00,000 TPA to 10,00,000 TPA. (Refer Annexure No.II)
1.2 PROJECT PROPONENT MOHD. SHER KHAN, Village & Post - Sawa. 312613. Tehsil & District –Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) Tel. no. 223036 (Office) & 223199 (Residence). . E-mail- [email protected]
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The lessee is an individual lease holder and holds a no. of leases in the area. The lessee is having a considerable experience of mining Red ochre, Silica sand and China clay mineral. The minerals are extensively used in cement and other industries.
1.3 BRIEF PROJECT DESCRIPTION It is an existing mining lease to excavate mineral China clay, Silica sand and Red ochre, to be used as additive material for cement industry and other industry. The mining will be done by open-cast with mechanized method.
Initially, the Banesti-I mining lease (ML no.5/97) for mineral China Clay & Red Ochre near village Banesti, Tehsil & Dist – Chittorgarh over an area of 48.56 hect., in favour of Mohd. Sher Khan S/o Gulbaz Khan Pathan resident of village and P.O. Sawa Dist. - Chittorgarh was renewed for the second time vide Directorate order no. DMG/CHITTOR/CC-6/P.1(1)5/97/103- 113 dated 26.02.2000, for a period of 20 years i.e. from 25.06.1998 to 24.06.2018 and that mineral silica sand was included in the said mining lease vide Directorate order dated 15.07.2002 for which rider agreement was executed on 15.11.2000. Therefore now the said mining lease is effective for mineral China Clay, Red Ochre & Silica Sand up to 24.06.2018.
Another mining lease (ML No. 10/2000) for mineral China Clay & Red Ochre near village Banesti, Tehsil & Dist – Chittorgarh, over an area of 64.75 Hect., in favour of the above mentioned lessee and was renewed for the first time vide Directorate order no. DMG/CHITTOR/CC-3/P1 (1)10/2000/3691-3701 dated 29.11.2001, for a period of twenty years i.e. from 23.12.2001 to 22.12.2021. The renewal mining lease deed was executed on 05.02.2002 and registered on 12.02.2002.
The lessee applied for amalgamation of both lease on dated 25.1.2003 and Director, Deptt. Of Mines & Geology, Rajasthan sanctioned the applied
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Amalgamation of both aforesaid mining leases vide their order No. DMG/Chittor/CC-3/Ren./P-1 (1)5/97/2073 dated 27.08.2003 with conditions. (Refer Annexure No. III to VI).
Mining Plan with Progressive Mine Closure Plan was approved vide IBM letter no. 682 (23) (406) / 2005-UDP on 23-08-2005 under MCR, 1960 (Refer Annexure no. VII). As per EIA Notification Dated 27th Jan. 1994, Environmental Clearance required at the time of Expansion (Increase in annual production/ lease area) and State Mining Deptt. & State Pollution Board asked for EC by lessee as after 27th Jan. 1994 the total lease area has been increased. Therefore lessee was directed to stop mining activities and decided for EC for lease area of 113.31 hect. as per EIA notification dated 27.01.1994, EC was applicable on the area. The lessee applied for Environment Clearance (After amalgamation of the areas) on Dt. 8.07.2006 and was issued EC letter on Dt. 24.01.2007.
The lessee applied for TOR under expansion category for mineral Red ochre from 50,000 TPA to 4, 00,000 TPA. As China clay & Silica sand are also additive mineral for making cement and demand of these mineral have been increasing day by day because capacity of existing cement plants in Chittorgarh Dist. have been rising, therefore applicant has decided to enhance production of China Clay from 1,20,000 to 4,00,000 TPA and Silica Sand from 3,00,000 to 10,00000 TPA for remaining period of lease. The status of land is – 51.56 hect. Private Ag. Land 61.75 hect. Govt. waste land ------Total 113.31 hect. ------
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Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan was approved vide IBM letter no. 682 (23) (406) / 2005 – kha ni khas (N) UDP on 04-05-2012 (Refer Annexure no VIII).
The initial exploration was done in the area by pitting and trenching. Total 8 mine working pits exist within the area. Pit no. 1, 5 & 7 for China clay, pit no.2, 3 & 6 for Red Ochre & pit no. 4 & 8 for Silica Sand mineral. The max. depth up to 57 mt. to prove it.
The present exploration has been conducted in a leasehold area over which mechanized mining has been undertaken in the past recovering of all three mineral, viz: China Clay, Red Ochre & Silica sand. The depth of minerals is about 35 m to 57 m. overlying soil with scree as O/B. The thickness of soil with scree varies from 0.5 to 5 m. Future mining programmed in this lease will have to take all these factors into consideration. Some development work will be required before starting the production. The development work will consist mainly the removal of soil with scree O/B in advance and construction of roads.
No drilling, blasting is proposed as Red ochre, China clay & Silica sand are soft minerals. The mineral Red Ochre, China clay is proposed to be produced @ 400000 TPA each and Silica sand is proposed to be produced @ 10,00000 TPA. The mine life for Red Ochre is 34 years, China clay mineral is 39 years and for silica sand is 36 years.
As per new EIA Notification dated 14th Sept. 2006 Environmental Clearance is required at the time of Production Enhancement. Lessee is applying for Environment Clearance to MOEF, New Delhi, under ―A‖ category.
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Production details from year 1989-90 onwards . TABLE NO.1.1 PRODUCTION DETAILS YEAR China Clay (IN Tones) Red Ochre (In Tones) Silica sand(In Tones)
1989-90 42172.00 11277.00 1990-91 60396.95 3161.50 1991-92 53989.90 -- 1992-93 30012.69 30012.69 1993-94 42256.37 -- 1994-95 29196.90 -- 1995-96 19375.00 -- 1996-97 14523.45 -- 1997-98 10084.77 -- 1998-1999 19488.219 -- 1999-2000 28038.08 -- 2000-2001 41610.00 -- 2001-2002 23674.00 -- 6885.00 2002-2003 15156.45 21013.04 1890.51 2003-2004 20448.49 26524.41 2966.77 2004-2005 Nil Nil Nil 2005-2006 Nil Nil Nil 2006-2007 33385.14 24684.05 14448.66 2007-2008 97533.98 Nil 107752.53 2008-2009 69006.50 41130.00 195571.42 2009-2010 19543.67 45637.37 117643.43 2010-2011 119400.02 49713.73 296588.99 2011-2012 119105.87 49831.46 299463.28 2012-2013 49624.39 119446.06 292298.87 Hieghest Production of china clay 63558.45 Tonnes was done during the year 1990- 91 Pl refer annexure XXVI. 1.4 LOCATION AND COMMUNICATION 1.4.1 Location State : Rajasthan District : Chittorgarh Tehsil : Chittorgarh Village : Banesti TOPOSHEET NO. WITH LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE – Top sheet no-. 45L/09 , Latitude 24°46' 07" to24°47‘06‖& Longitude 74° 34' 33" to 74° 35' 06". The area falls within the boundary of the Village- Banesti, Tehsil & District- Chittorgadh (Rajasthan). The distance of Banesti mine is 15 kms from Chittorgarh. The lease area is located at a distance of 1.50 Km. North of village Banesti. Banesti is connected from Sawa by tar road at a distance of 2.00 km. (Location map plate no.1 may be referred for further details).
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1.4.2 Communication
Road link The shortest distance from Chittorgarh to the mine is 15.0 Km. lying on Chittorgarh – Sawa tar road. The area can be approached by State transport buses and private vehicles.
Rail link The nearest railway station is Shambhupura (Ajmer- Neemach) which is about 6.5 kms far from the mine. However Chittorgarh which is railway junction, is 15 Km. far from mine site.
Air link The nearest airport facilities is available at Dabok(Udaipur) which is about 94 Kms far from mine laying on Chittorgarh – Udaipur(NH-76). There is regular air service between Mumbai-Udaipur - Jaipur – Delhi.
1.4.3 Basic Amenities
Power At present 10 KV power connection exists in lease area for domestic as well as mining purpose.
Amenities The nearest police station Sambhupura (6.5 Km.) and Tehsil headquarter is at Chittorgarh, which is about 15 Kms from mine.
The Controlling office of Deptt. of Mines & Geology is at Chittorgarh, which is 15 Kms from mine.
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Telephone facility is provided at the mine office. Drinking water facility by means of hand pump situated in the lease area. The analysis of which reveals that the water is potable in nature.
1.5 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The main objectives of this EMP are listed below :
* To establish the present environmental scenario.
* To anticipate the impacts of proposed future mining operations on the environment.
* To prepare a detailed action plan for implementation of mitigative measures.
* To suggest preventive and mitigative measures to minimize adverse impact and to maximize beneficial impacts.
* To prepare a compensatory afforestation scheme.
* To suggest a monitoring programmed to evaluate the effectiveness of mitigative measures.
* To suggest the formation of a core group responsible for implementation of environmental control and protective measures and monitoring of such implementation.
* To suggest a feedback mechanism enabling to make mid course corrections.
* To prepare a capital cost estimate and annual recurring cost for Environmental Management Plan.
1.6 MARKET POTENTIAL The mineral China clay, Silica sand and Red ochre have wide use in various industries like Cement, Color & Glass etc. However minerals producing from Banesti –I mine is mostly supplying to various Cement plants situated in Chittorgarh Dist in Rajasthan & Nemmach Dist in M.P.
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1.7 METHODOLOGY FOR EIA
M/s Udaipur Min – Tech Pvt. Ltd. was assigned the job of conduction of Rapid EIA report of the proposed Banseti –I Mine near village Banesti of Mohd. Sher Khan Pathan, R/o of Sawa, Dist – Chittorgarh (Raj.).
The study was conducted within 10 Km radius from the proposed mine as centre. The base line data collection involves the data‘s of air quality, water status, land use, socio-economic structure of the study area, existing flora, fauna, prevailing noise levels, along with the physiographical status and meteorological conditions of the area. The current report is based on the mining technique, air emissions, waste water generation and discharge, and solid waste management.
Effective plans to mitigate the adverse impacts and suggestive pollution control measures along with environmental management plan have been summarized.
1.8 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The terms of reference on the basis of which the EIA has been prepared are given below:
1.8.1 Data generation The data has been generated by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd, M/s Eco laborataries & Consultant, Mohali in accordance with the requirement of statutory agencies. The monitoring and testing has been done as per the guidelines of MoEF and the IS standards. Monitoring has been conducted for the following parameters:
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TABLE-1.2 DATA GENERATION S.No Description No.of Total Locations No. of samples 1.0 AIR Ambient air monitoring (24 hourly samples), twice a week 8 192 for 3 months for one season.
Parameters: PM10, SO2, NOx,
PM2.5 1.1 Meteorological parameters will be measured at hourly duration simultaneously at one air monitoring station for 3 months Parameters: 1 40 days a. Wind speed, direction b. Relative humidity c. Temperature d. Cloudiness e. Rainfall 2.0 WATER Water/effluents sample to be collected from each of the various locations (surface and ground water) in core and buffer zone (10 km radius). 7 for GW and 1 8 Parameters: For SW Water/effluents: tested for physical and chemical and biological parameters as well as according to applicable standards. 3.0 SOIL 7 7 4.0 NOISE 7 sets Hourly readings taken for 24 7 hours (Leq) 5.0 TRAFFIC DENSITY 1 1 set
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1.8.2 Data Collection The REIA study is being done for the Mine Lease (core zone) and area within 10 km radius (buffer zone), both of which comprise the ‗study area. The following data, through field survey and other sources, has been collected by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd, for preparing the EIA/EMP for the proposed mining area with related facilities.
i Details of wild fauna and flora within a distance of 10 km from the project site and information about forests, if any.
ii. Eco-sensitive places, sanctuaries, biosphere reserves within 10 km radius.
iii. Major industries within 10 km radius.
iv. Religious places / historical monuments and tourist places within 10 km radius.
v. Land use pattern within core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius around the (core zone) based on census and satellite image and cropping pattern.
vi. Demography and Socio-economic based on last available Census data for entire study area.
vii. Relevant meteorological data, for previous decades from Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)
viii. Study of present environmental protection and mitigation measures in nearby operating similar projects, if any.
ix. Geo-hydrological aspects based on available data from various secondary sources.
x. Identification of water bodies, hills, roads etc. within 10 km radius.
1.8.3 Preparation of EMP The EMP will include the following details: a. Study of the reports like Geological report, FR or mining plan made available by the client.
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b. Present Environmental Setting The base line data generated and collected as per para 1.8.1 and 1.8.2 will be used to establish the present environment scenario.
c. Identification, prediction and evaluation of Anticipated Environmental Impact due to the proposed Mine and related facilities.
The environmental impacts would be anticipated in core and buffer zone on:
- Topography and drainage - Climate - Water quality(Surface/Ground) - Hydro-geological Regime - Air quality - Noise Levels - Flora and Fauna - Traffic density - Land-Use - Socio-Economic Conditions - Habitat - Health, culture, human environment including public health, occupational health and safety - Sensitive Places/Historical Monuments. The impacts would be anticipated based on experience of similar projects.
d. Proposed Environmental Safeguards and Monitoring Mechanism. Relevant guidelines as per Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification issued in January 1994 and subsequently on 14th September 2006 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 will be kept in mind while spelling out mitigation measures.
The following aspects would be covered i. Reclamation of areas disturbed during mining but not required for any activity after exhaustion of reserves. ii. Measures to control the surface and ground water pollution due to various effluents to be discharged, if any.
iii. Measures to control air pollution due to proposed activities/operation. iv. Green belt development plan and reclamation plan of mine. v. Measures to contain noise pollution & mitigate adverse impact on workers and habitat in core and buffer zone.
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vi. Pronounce the improvement in socio-economic conditions & benefits the people will get on implementation of the project.
vii. Measures to control health hazard of workers and surrounding population.
viii. Total and specific cost of control measures. ix. Environmental monitoring, implementation organization and feedback mechanism to effect mid-course corrections.
x. Identification of flora species which can be planted in and around the project.
1.9 TERMS OF REFERENCE The term of reference have been issued by Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of MoEF, New Delhi and are enclosed as Annexure No. I. The response to the terms of reference has been given on page on 11-17.
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CHAPTER - II PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT Banesti-I is an existing mining lease to excavate mineral China clay, Silica sand and Red ochre, and the proposed production is RED OCHRE-4,00,000 TPA, CHINA CLAY-4,00,000 TPA, SILICA SAND-10,00,000 TPA which is to be used as additive material for cement industry and other industry. The mining will be done by open-cast with mechanized method.
2.2 NEED OF THE PROJECT The mining of China clay, Silica sand and Red ochre mineral to fulfill requirement of cement plants as additive minerals for making cement and which is basis requirement for developing infrastructures, road, building within Nations.
This mining project will definitely reduce the cost of cement production in the area by supplying the mineral at low transit cost and the required volume of the demands. 2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
TABLE-2.1 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
PARTICULARS DETAIL NAME OF THE MINE BANESTI – I MINE VILLAGE BANESTI TEHSIL CHITTORGARH DISTRICT CHITTORGARH STATE RAJASTHAN LATITUDE (N) 24° 46' 07" to 24° 47' 06" LONGITUDE (E) 74° 34' 33" to 74° 35' 06"
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2.4 REGIONAL GEOLOGY i) Topography & Drainage Pattern: -
The area is mostly plain land and hill slope towards west along lease boundary and gently sloping towards south west . Max. area covered in govt. waste land and plain agriculture fields in private land of the lease area. Highest elevation is 454 mRL near boundary pillar ―B‖ and lowest elevation being 420 mRL along boundary line "CD & EF" towards west . There is no major nallah or drainage system in the area, and the lease area in particular is drained off flowing the natural slope towards NE to SW. A kucha road passes through the area from Sawa (via Banesti) village in south leading to Chittorgarh the north (via Ragunathpura) . There are two low tension power line(440 Volt) coming from Chittorgarh are situated within the area, to supply power to wells, and besides these, one high tension power line (3.3 KV) is passing through the lease area from S to N.(Refer Surface cum Geological plan).
ii) General Geology and Local Geology: - General Geology: The rocks of the Aravalli system occupy three distinct belts in the area. These are separated from each other by intervening belts of the pre-aravalli gneisses.
The central belt of the Aravallis covers a wide region in central Mewar. It is bounded at the north-east by an extensive exposure of the pre-Aravalli banded gneissic complex and on the south-east by the great exposures of the Bundelkhand gneiss.
The southern belt of the Aravallis occupies a considerable area near Salumber (24° 8‘: 74° 3') and spreads southward beyond the territorial
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boundary of Mewar over adjoining states of Pratapgarh, Banswara and Dungarpur.
The third or eastern belt of the Aravallis consists of numerous detached outlines of the system occurring in the midst of the Bundelkhand gneiss of the eastern plain. The Berach granite and the Gneissic Complex of Rajasthan thus become the best authenticated samples of the oldest rocks in India. THE GENERAL ARCHEAN SEQUENCE IN RAJASTHAN IS AS FOLLOW:- ...... Unconformity...... A * Ranthambor or * Kanoj Grits * Khardeola Grits R * Mandalgarh Quartzite * Bhadesar * Khairmalia Amygdaloid A * (conformable passage) * Quartzites * (unconformity) V * Thick succession of shales, slates, phyllites and mica - A * schists, with local quartzite and limestones. L * Thin ferruginous limestones. L * Thin basal quartzite or conglomerate, often with arkose. I * Volcanic beds (local)...... Unconformity...... PRE- * Bundelkhand Quartz veins * Banded ARAVALLI * Granite of Pegmatite and aplites. * Gneissic FORMATION * Berach Amphibolitic Rocks * Complex. Biotite Granite. * Biotite and chloritic schists and quartzose bands.
The quartzites of the eastern belt of the Aravallis are in general highly compact and recrystalised. They present steep, much jointed and scattered outcrops. The long and narrow chain of hills forming the eastern border of the triangular Aravalli outlier in the midst of the Bundelkhand gneiss between Hamirgarh station (25° 12‘: 74° 37') and Bud (25° 05‘: 74° 33') presents a characteristic exposure of the basal quartzite. With a NNE-SSW strike the
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beds show steep inclination towards W-NW. The nature of the rock varies along the strike.
The Kannauj - Bhadesar ridge of quartzite shows much variation in texture and composition. In its higher portions the quartzite is compact, thick bedded and generally fine grained, while frequent occurrences of gritty and foliated bands characterize the formation lower down.
The calcareous faces is very poorly developed in the eastern belt of the Aravallis, only two small exposures have been recorded, one about two miles north of Barlias (25° 12‘: 74° 55') and the other near Mangrop (25° 14': 74° 42'). At Mangrop the limestone is in thin alternate layers. North of Barlias the limestone is highly siliceous and occurs as hard, knobby, rugged outcrops appearing dark brown or the weathered. Slates and phyllites represent the argillaceous Aravallis in the eastern belt. These do not differ in their litho- logical characters and mode of occurrence from the phyllites and slates of the southern belt.
Local Geology: (refer plate no. 4) The area is covered in most of part by Red ochre in the central portion and surrounded by China Clay as alternate beds with soil cover and south of the lease area mostly part covered by soil, which is used for cultivation. Reconnaissance of the geological aspect was done in the area and following geological sequence has been observed. - Soil cover with scree material of Quarzties - Red ochre, Silica sand & China Clay zone - Quartzite
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SOIL COVER: The agricultural fields, which are covered mostly by plain land towards north, centre and south part of the lease area. The thickness of soil cover varies from 0.3 to 5.0 mtrs. Observed in the Ag. field only. No top soil found within mineralised zone. However soil with scree as O/B varies from 0.3 to 6.0 m (max.) observed on mineralised zone, which has no Ag. importance. Below this soil with scree materials, bed of Silica sand, China clay & Red ochre are available as shown in wells.
RED OCHRE: A zone (No.-III) of red ochre mineral is exposed at western part along lease boundary of the lease area. Main working pit no. 2 & 3 are developed in this zone. Size of the red ochre zone is max. 1070 sqm. (covered by soil with scree from 0.5 m thickness to 6 m) length and max. width 153 m & width is 32 m.
SILICA SAND: A zone (No. IV) of silica sand mineral is exposed in centre eastern part of the lease area. Main working pit no. 4 is developed in this zone. Size of the silica sand zone is max. 572 (covered by soil with scree from 0.5 m thickness to 6 m) length and max. width 215 m and max. depth of bed is 36 m.
CHINA CLAY: There are two zone of china clay mineral exposed within the lease area in NW to SE direction. Pit no. 1 & 5, are developed in these zone. Size of the clay zone no. I is 403 m & zone No. II is 652 m (covered by soil with scree from 0.5 m thickness to 6 m) length and max. width zone no. I is 195 m & zone no. II is 152 m and max. depth in both zone is is 35 m (up to 387.0 mRL) as seen in well within the lease area.
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QUARTZITE: This rock is exposed along lease boundary ―BG‖ on hill slope; it is light to dark brown in colored and fractured. Strike of quartzite rock is almost N-S and dipping towards East.
2.4.1 ORIGIN AND MODE OF OCCURRENCE These minerals in the area appears to have been formed due to residual weathering of felspathic rocks in favorable climatic and geological conditions. China clay is believed to be formed by the action of water of post-magmatic origin. It may also occurs as a result of the action of post magmatic emanations or by process of hydrolysis.
These minerals are occurs as pockets, lenses and capping, usually under a cover of thin soil or occasionally under a cover of laterite.
2.4.2 GRADE & PROPERTIES: Grades and Chemical properties of these minerals found in the area are as follows:
GRADES:
Red ochre, Silica sand & China clay minerals are of mostly Cement grade and being supplied to Cement making industry
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
A sample of China clay & Red ochre collected from the area was analyzed and the following results were obtained.
RADICALS RED OCHRE CHINA CLAY SILICA SAND SiO2 28.6% 79.80% 97.80% Fe2O3 22.5% 01.10% 00.10% Al2O3 38.0% 12.20% 01.50% L.O.I. 10.5% 02.64% 01.40% CaO 0.10% 00.92% Trace MgO 0.05% 00.05% Trace
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2.5 ESTIMATION OF RESERVES
Method of Reserves Estimation :- The reserves of red ochre and china clay in the deposit has been calculated by cross section area basis. In this method cross section lines have drawn at right angle to the length of the mineral zone and each cross section have been drawn at 50 m interval. In this method of calculation of reserves, volume of mineral is as follow:
Volume of mineral = Sum of the (*Area of each section x **influence length of each section) *Area of each section = Calculation done by graphical method of each section line. ** length of influence = 50% both side of section except in case of two section at the end.
So area of each section is computed graphically from all sections and which is multiplied by influence length to arrive at volume. The total volume is then multiplied by the bulk density to find reserves of minerals in tonnes.
a) Insitu bulk density: Bulk density of Red Ochre/China Clay has been taken as 2.6.
Wherever there is deviation from the above mentioned parameters it has been specifically mentioned.
b) Recovery : Recovery of mineral China clay, Red ochre & Silica sand has been established (on the basis of past experience of mine working) to given as below :
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Recovery of Mineral Mining Losses % Waste % Mineral %
Red Ochre 98 2 Nil
China Clay 90 2 8
Silica Sand 90 2 8
UNFC Code for Reserve Estimation: TABLE- 2.2 Classification Code China Clay Red Ochre Silica Sand
TOTAL MINERAL RESOURCES (A+B) 1,25,13,410 1,14,99,686 3,05,23,418
A. MINERAL RESERVE:- 1. Proved Mineral Reserves 111 12,226,760 10,963,241 29,802,113 2. Probable Mineral Reserves 121 , 122 B. REMAINING RESOURCE 1. Feasibility Mineral Resource 211 2. Pre-feasibility Mineral Resource 221 , 222
3. Measured Mineral Resource 331 286,650 536,445 721,305 4. Indicated Mineral Resource 332 5. Inferred Mineral Resource 333 6. Reconnaissance Mineral Resource 334
Mineable Reserves and Life of Mine: Life of mine has been worked out after considering proved reserves. Mineral Mineable Reserves (111 & 122) Rate of Production Life in years
China Clay 12,226,760 400,000 30
Red Ochre 10,963,241 400,000 27
Silica Sand 29,802,113 1,000,000 30
LESSEE-MOHD. SHER KHAN BANESTI – I RED OCHRE, SILICA SAND & CHINA CLAY MINE 39 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
2.6 PROPOSED METHOD OF MINING
Mining operations are being carried out by mechanised open cast method of mining. Due to soft nature of rocks, drilling and blasting is not required. Excavator of 1.80 cu.m. bucket capacity with 10 tonne dumpers are used. In future also no change in method of mining is proposed.
Bench height is maintained between 6.0 m to 7.5 m. For overburden bench height is kept at 3.0 m. Width of benches is kept around 18-20 m.
2.6.1 EXTENT OF MECHANISATION Like any other industry, the proper selection of heavy earth moving machinery in an opencast mine plays an important role in its overall success. Type of equipment, suitable for a specified job & its capacity, depend entirely on the size of the project, material to be handled, site conditions, availability of equipment, comparative price etc.
The heavy earth moving machinery at present available at this lease is as follows: TABLE- 2.3 (A) Equipment Units Hydraulic Excavator (TATA-HITACHI) Ex-300 (1.8 Cum.) 03 Dumpers/Tippers (TATA) 10 tones 14-15 Tractor - Massy Ferguson 02 Service Vehicle- a) Water tanker 01 b) Jeeps 02
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TABLE- 2.3 (B) Summary of Equipment required to meet the targeted production Equipment Present Additional Total fleet Units Hydraulic Excavator (TATA-HITACHI) Ex- 03 03 06 300(1.8 Cum.) Dumpers/Tippers (TATA) 10 tones 15 11 26 Tractor - Massy Ferguson 02 00 02 Service Vehicle- a) Water tanker 01 01 02 b) Jeeps 02 00 02 Diesel engine operated pump 01 01
All operation except drilling and blasting in pegmatite body will be carried out manually. Shot hole of about 1.5 m depth will be drilled by jackhammer since no. of holes required to be blasted not in large no., one jackhammer with on 120 cfm air – compressor will be sufficient. Blasted muck from working faces will be down to quarry bottom and stocked temporarily. When sufficient quantity of accumulated waste will be loaded in to dumpers/trucks by labours to shift the waste to permanent waste dump -yard.
2.6.2 DRILLING These minerals are soft ground and mined mainly by Excavation cum loader. Therefore no drilling is required.
2.6.3 BLASTING No blasting is proposed as China clay, Silica sand and Red ochre is soft and loose mineral. It will be excavated by excavators.
2.6.4 LOADING Taking into consideration the advantages and suitability of various types of loading and transport system commonly used in large opencast mines, hydraulic excavators and dumpers are being used for the loading and transport of minerals to the stack yard.
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The sorted materials are transported by dumpers to the various cement plant located about 5 to 30 km. away from the mine. Three excavators of 1.8 cu.m. bucket capacity are in operation with 15 dumpers.
2.6.5 MAILING / TRANSPORT The handling of mineral from pit bottom will be done by loader in to dumper for which a road up to pit bottom has been established.
2.7 PRODUCTION PLAN OF THE MINERAL AND WASTE GENERATION IN THE FIRST FIVE YEARS AND WASTE UP TO LEASE PERIOD:
2.7.1 The year wise detail of production of Red Ochre, China Clay and Silica Sand in tonnes are as under:-
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TABLE- 2.4
YEAR WISE MINERAL PRODUCTION (IN MT) OPENING RED OCHRE LOSSES YEAR PRODUCTION CLOSING BALANCE BALANCE 98.00% 2.00% I YR 10,963,241 408163.27 400000 8163.27 10,555,078 II YR 10,555,078 408163.27 400000 8163.27 10,146,914 III YR 10,146,914 408163.27 400000 8163.27 9,738,751 IV YR 9,738,751 408163.27 400000 8163.27 9,330,588 V YR 9,330,588 408163.27 400000 8163.27 8,922,425 TOTAL 2040816.33 2000000.00 40816.33
All Figures in tonnes
OPENING CHINA CLAY LOSSES WASTE CLOSING YEAR BALANCE PRODUCTION (Crude) 2.00% 8.00% BALANCE 90.00% I YR 12,226,760 444444.44 400000 8888.89 35555.56 11,782,316 II YR 11,782,316 444444.44 400000 8888.89 35555.56 11,337,871 III YR 11,337,871 444444.44 400000 8888.89 35555.56 10,893,427 IV YR 10,893,427 444444.44 400000 8888.89 35555.56 10,448,982 V YR 10,448,982 444444.44 400000 8888.89 35555.56 10,004,538 TOTAL 2222222.22 2000000.00 44444.44 177777.78 All Figures in tonnes
OPENING SILICA SAND CLOSING YEAR PRODUCTION LOSSES WASTE BALANCE (Crude) BALANCE 90.00% 2.00% 8.00%
I YR 29,802,113 1111111.11 1000000 22222.22 88888.89 28,691,002 II YR 28,691,002 1111111.11 1000000 22222.22 88888.89 27,579,891 III YR 27,579,891 1111111.11 1000000 22222.22 88888.89 26,468,780 IV YR 26,468,780 1111111.11 1000000 22222.22 88888.89 25,357,669 V YR 25,357,669 1111111.11 1000000 22222.22 88888.89 24,246,557 TOTAL 5555555.56 5000000.00 111111.11 444444.44 Source- Approved Scheme of Mining.
No blending proposal has been made as mineral will be dispatched to various buyers in crude form.
2.7.2 RATE OF YEARLY GENERATION OF WASTE (In CuM): TABLE- 2.5
Soil with scree on Soil with scree on Soil with scree on SIDE TOTAL YEAR RED OCHRE Zone SILICA SAND Zone CHINA CLAY Zone BURDEN 2012-13 53,518 1,28,768 77,364 87,846 3,47,496 2013-14 39,072 1,60,304 40,092 71,910 3,11,378 2014-15 21,912 1,34,892 21,300 52,920 2,31,024 2015-16 27,690 1,34,848 48,826 1,24,332 3,35,696 2016-17 - 54,336 - 1,23,675 1,78,011 TOTAL 1,42,192 6,13,148 1,87,582 4,60,683 14,03,605
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About 14,03,605 Cum. O/B as Soil with scree will be generated during mining plan period. The O/B as soil with scree will be dumped on western side along lease boundary ―AG‖ on hill slope. The proposed dump site will cover an area of around 15 ha. with a height of 10m. A stone wall will be made all around the dump to prevent the spreading of waste rock, as the dump area fills up. These proposed dump site is not mineralized as land is hilly and quartzite rock is exposed and devoid of any soil of Ag. Importance which is shown in geological plan and layout plan (refer plate no. 03 & 04). 2.8 UTILITIES AND PROPOSED SITE FACILITIES: a) Power Supply: Electric connection is available at mine site; at present 10 KV power connection exists in lease area for domestic as well as mining purpose. b) Water : About 12000M3 per annum rain water collected in the pit bottoms, during monsoon. General water required 15 KLD (8.00 KLD for dust spray & 7.00 KLD for plantation) water will be required daily during from October to February and peak demand 30 KLD Water will be required (15.00 KLD for dust spray & 15.00 KLD for plantation) during from March to June season, it will be obtained from the pits, 0.60 KLD water will be required for drinking and sanitation, it will be obtained from Dug wells / tube well situated at Khawaja bagh sawa. The break-up of water consumption is given in Table –2.6 below : TABLE 2.6 PEAK WATER REQUIREMENT Purpose water demand March to June October to February
(Peak demand) Dust Suppression 15.00 KLD 8.00 KLD Plantation 15.00 KLD 7.00 KLD Total 30.00 KLD 15.00 KLD
Note : - 0.60 KLD water will be required for drinking / sanitation
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WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM FROM MARCH TO JUNE A. WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR DUST SUPPRESSION AND PLANTATION
Source: Rain water collected in the pit Botta ms, during Monsoon Estimated 12000M3 Per Annum
Extraction from pits in the lease area -30.00 KLD
Plantation-48.00 KLD Dust supper - 15.0 KLD
No out flow No outflow B. Water Requirement for Drinking / sanitation for 60 people. Source: Dug wells / Tube wells at Khawaja Bagh sawa- 0.60 KLD
Septic tank- Soak
No outflow Note :- Water Consumption for dust suppression and plantation includes for near by leases of the lessee.
WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM FROM OCTOBER TO FEBRUARY A. WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR DUST SUPPRESSION AND PLANTATION
Source: Rain water collected in the pit Bottams, during Monsoon Estimated 12000M3 Per Annum
Extraction from pits in the lease area -15.00 KLD
Plantation-7.00 KLD Dust supper - 8.00 KLD
No out flow No outflow Note :- 1. Water will be not be used for dust suppression / plantation during rainy season. 2. Yearly average of water consumption for dust suppression and plantation will be 27.5 KLD.
LESSEE-MOHD. SHER KHAN BANESTI – I RED OCHRE, SILICA SAND & CHINA CLAY MINE 45 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. c) Man Power Following Managerial, supervisory and labour is to be deployed: TABLE 2.7 Designation Qualification Number Mine Manager First Class Mine Manager‘s Certificate of Competency 01 Asstt. Mine Manager First/ second Class Mine Manager‘s Certificate 01 Mining Engineer B E Mining Engg. As per 42 of MCDR 1988 01 Mine Foreman Forman certificate 01 Mining Mate Mining Mate‘s certificate 02 Excavatior operator Trained 06 Dumper drivers Driving Licence holder for Heavy Duty vehicles 28 Tractor / Jeep Driver Driving Licence holder 04 Office asstt. / store clerk Graduate 01 Helpers Semi – skilled 05 Labour Experienced 08 Total 58 PROPOSED SITE FACILITIES i) Office : An office cum rest shelter exists near the lease area. However this mine will be completely controlled from central mines office at Sawa as common facilities to a group of mines. ii) Residential Quarters: There will be no residential colony proposed to be set up in the lease area. iii) Fuel Storage : The fuel storage will be done as per the norms of mine safety. A separate shed will be constructed for the same. iv) Workshop : No workshop is proposed to in the lease area. Whenever maintenance of the machinery will be required it will be send to Chittorgarh.
v) First Aid Room : A first air room with proper equipment will be maintained as per mines act and mine rules. vi) Latrine and Urinal : Latrine and urinal will be provided separately for male and female worker as per rule. ======******======
LESSEE-MOHD. SHER KHAN BANESTI – I RED OCHRE, SILICA SAND & CHINA CLAY MINE 46 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER – III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.1.1 Study Area Exploitation of mineral resources from the land through mining causes environmental and ecological instability, severe land degradation besides biological, physical and socio-economic imbalance. The impact of the mining activities can be quantified through Environmental Impact Assessment Studies within the impact zone. The findings of EIA studies help in preparation of the environmental management plan for mitigating the adverse impacts.
For the purpose of studying the baseline status of the environment, core zone and buffer zone are considered for Impact Assessment. The core area for the purpose comprises mining lease area of 113.31 Hect. The buffer zone comprises a 10 km fringe around the core area.
This section contains a description of the existing baseline environmental status of the area surrounding Banesti – I Mine and the data collect has been used to define the environmental scenario of the area, against which the potential impacts of the project has been assessed.
3.1.2 Sources of Environmental Data The baseline information on micro-meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality and floristic descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Long term meteorological data recorded at the nearest IMD station, Dabok (Udaipur), was also collected. Micro-meteorological data at site was recorded using automatic weather station. Apart from these, secondary data have been collected from Census Handbook, Revenue Records, Statistical Department,
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Soil Survey and Land use Organization, District Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc. The generation of primary data as well as collection of secondary data and information from the site and surroundings was carried out during summer season i.e. March – 2013 to May – 2013.
3.1.1 Aspect Studied As per the gazette notification dated 27th Jan. 1994 & 14th Sept. 2006 and guidelines of CPCB, the study area was demarked. The study was conducted within a radius of 10 km considering mine as center. The study period defined is March – 2013, April – 2013 & May – 2013.
The discipline covered by the baseline data collection programme includes the following:- Topography, Physiography, Hydrological aspects, Atmospheric condition, Biological environment, Land use, Cropping pattern & socioeconomic aspects.
3.1.2 Presentation Each of the aspects listed above considered ahead in a sequential manner. Data Collected during the baseline study period are given ahead and provides a sound knowledge of the existing environment.
3.2 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE The study area includes the villages of Chittorgarh Tehsil within 10 Kms. radius from the mine as center.
1. General Particulars:-
i) Latitude (N) : 24° 46‘ 07" to 24° 47‘ 06"
Longitude (E) : 74° 34' 33" to 74° 35' 06"
ii) Study area (10 Km. radius) : 36210.12 Hect.
LESSEE-MOHD. SHER KHAN BANESTI – I RED OCHRE, SILICA SAND & CHINA CLAY MINE 48 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
iii) Populations : 34675
iv) District H.Q. : Chittorgarh
2. Demography:-
i) Total Population a) Male : 17,571 b) Female : 17,104
ii) Literates Male and Female : 18096
iii) No. of Household : 7458
iv) No. of Villages : 33
3. Land use Pattern:-
i) Water bodies : 506.32 Hect.
ii) Seasonal Water Bodies : 124.57 Hect.
iii) Forest : 2427.98 Hect.
iv) Crop land : 11093.83 Hect.
v) Fallow land : 13198.74 Hect.
vi) Plantation : 177.69 Hect.
vii) Human Settlement : 1382.05 Hect.
viii) Industry : 144.13 Hect.
ix) Mining Area : 439.39 Hect.
x) Land with Scrub : 4330.83 Hect.
xi) Land Without Scrub : 2133.97 Hect.
xii) Barran Rocky : 250.62 Hect.
LESSEE-MOHD. SHER KHAN BANESTI – I RED OCHRE, SILICA SAND & CHINA CLAY MINE 49 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
4. Climatology (Udaipur IMD March – May 2013):-
i) Total (Mar 2013 – May 13) : (1.4 to 10.2 mm)
ii) Mean monthly maximum temp. : 38.63 °C
iii) Mean monthly minimum temp. : 15.33 °C
iv) Relative humidity : Max. – 75%, Min. – 29%.
3.3 TOPOGRAPHY 3.3.1 Existing Conditions The topography of area is plain and gently sloping towards west. Max. area is covered in govt. waste land and plain agriculture fields in private land of the lease area. Highest elevation is 454 mRL near boundary pillar ―B‖ and lowest elevation being 420 mRL along boundary line "CD & EF" towards west. There is no major nallah or drainage system in the area, and the lease area in particular is drained off flowing the natural slope towards NE to SW. There is no natural water course in study area.
The nearest villagers are Sawa (6822), Banesti (596), Kasarpura (356), Chauthpura (571). These villages are outside of the lease area. The topography of the study area is shown in fig 3.1.
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LESSEE-MOHD. SHER KHAN BANESTI – I RED OCHRE, SILICA SAND & CHINA CLAY MINE 51 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
3.4 CLIMATIC CONDITION The area is characterized as sub-humid with an annual rainfall varying from 750 mm Avg. at Chittorgarh. Total rainy days are 30 to 36 and rains are mainly during monsoon period from July to September. The annual maximum temperature during summer varies from 40°C to 43°C and minimum temperature during winter varies from 3.5°C to 10°C. Relative humidity varies between 60% to 90% during monsoon, depending on rainfall and 25% to 30% during Summer.
3.5 PHYSIOGRAPHY 3.5.1 Relief The area is mostly plain land and a hill slope towards east along lease boundary and gently sloping towards south west. Max. area is covered in govt. waste land and plain agriculture fields in private land of the lease area. Highest elevation is 454 mRL near boundary pillar ―B‖ and lowest elevation being 420 mRL along boundary line "CD & EF" towards west. A kucha road passes through the area from sawa(via Banesti) village in south leading to chittorgarh the north (via Ragunathpura). There are two low tension power line(440Volt) coming from chittorgarh and situated within the area, to supply power to wells, and besides these, one high tension power line (3.3 Kv)is passing through the lease area from S to N. There is no forest area within the lease boundary.
Drainage The lease area is devoid of any perennial drainage system. General water slope of the area flows towards NE to SW direction and running only during rainy season and remains dry in other seasons. The drainage pattern of the study area is given in Fig. 3.2.
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LESSEE-MOHD. SHER KHAN BANESTI – I RED OCHRE, SILICA SAND & CHINA CLAY MINE 53 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
3.5.2 Vegetation As indicated earlier Agricultural field is existing within the lease area & no forest area within the lease area. The area has scanty vegetation, cluster of trees can be seen near the approach road and labour huts. Scattered thorny bushes with babul trees are also seen.
3.6 HUMAN SETTLEMENT There is no human settlement within the lease area the only village near the area is Banesti which is about 1.50 Km. away from the lease area. Dwelling houses in the village are far away from the proposed working area. Total 33 villages with 7458 household within the study area with population of 34675. The population density in the area is 111 person / hect.
3.7 HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS This section describes the environmental setting with respect to water potential and quality of surface and underground water resources. Intensive survey was carried out to determine the quality of different water bodies.
3.7.1 Introduction Local hydrological parameters and ground level water levels are not affected due to mining activity in the area. On the contrary these mine pits act as potential source to arrest local runoff of rain water and contributing to regional ground water level and used for irrigating local cultivation with plantation within lease area during and after monsoon.
3.7.2 Hydrogeology Annual rainfall in the study area 750 mm at Chittorgarh. Total rainy days are 30 to 36 and rains are mainly during monsoon period from July to September. The lease area is devoid of any surface water body as lake, dam & river. However one talav (Saw) which is 3.5 Km. far from the lease area. Number of dug well exists within the study area with water levels at depth of 345 mRL and during rainy season it’s goes up
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to 350 mRL. During mining period & end of mine life pit bottom will be reach up to 360 mRL. No water seepage problem observed in the main working pit. As the area comprises of silica sand , red ochre & china clay bed , these beds does not form any potential aquifers / reservoirs.
During rainy season(heavy rains) working pit has been water logged . Water accumulation in mine pit shows that not much porosity & permeability in minerals bed and less interconnected stopping water to trickle to lower permeable zone in the existing litho-units of the area. No seepage is observed from the fresh walls exposed of the mining pit which ratified that bed at higher level do not have water bearing zones.
3.7.3 Ground Water Condition As the general ground water level is confined below 345 mRL and main working pit has been not encountered ground water level. However these mining pit acts as storage for rain water during rainy / monsoon season. During rains, this pit attract surface run-off water, which gets recharged in surrounding ground water tables through weak fracture and joint planes. After monsoon period, the main mining stand as small pond contributing to ground water locally as well as regionally.
3.8 ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION Atmospheric conditions include micro meteorological condition and ambient air quality of the study area. Meteorological conditions with respect to wind velocity and direction in the study area was determined by locating a monitoring station at the mine. The monitored data is supplemented with meteorological data collected from the nearest IMD observatory i.e. Dabok (Udaipur). The required data for interpretation the ambient air quality of the study area was generated by establishing a monitoring network. Regular field observations as per the norms of MOEF and CPCB were taken from the established monitoring stations.
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3.8.1 Meteorology 3.8.1.1 Introduction Meteorology plays a vital role in affecting the dispersion of pollutants. Since meteorological factors show wide fluctuations with time, meaningful interpretation can be drawn only from long term reliable data. Such source of data is the Indian meteorological Department (IMD), which maintains a network of meteorological stations at several important locations. The nearest IMD station (Dabok-Udaipur) to the study area is located at 94 Km. from mine site. Meteorological information available from this station is temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed and wind direction.
3.8.1.2 Meteorological Data‘s from IMD Station (Dabok Airport-Udaipur) The data recorded at Dabok IMD for the study period March –2013 to May – 2013 are summarized in table 3.1 and table 3.2.
TABLE – 3.1 MEAN TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY RECORDS FROM THE DABOK (UDAIPUR) IMD STATION
Temperature(°C) Relative Humidity (%) Month Min Max 8.30 hrs 17.30 hrs March – 2013 9.2 35.0 75.0 34 April – 2013 16.5 39.1 62.0 48 May – 2013 21.3 42.4 59.0 29 Source- Dabok (Udaipur) IMD Station
TABLE – 3.2 WIND SPEED AND RAINFALL Month Wind Speed (Km./Hr.) Total Rainfall 8.30 17.30 (mm) Max. Min. Max. Min. March – 2013 018 002 020 004 0.0 April – 2013 014 002 016 002 0.0 May – 2013 018 004 024 008 0.0 Source- Dabok (Udaipur) IMD Station.
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3.8.1.3 Wind Rose Wind speed of a site plays a vital role in predicting the extent of air pollution. It gives a clear view about the extent to which air pollutants are carried before they touch the ground.
Wind rose is diagrammatic representation of wind speed in a specified direction with its arms representing sixteen directions; each arm gives a clear frequency distribution of wind speed.
Wind roses are generated with the meteorological information‘s initially collected. These row dates are processed with certain interpolation and stability classes and joint frequency function are developed to eventually reach to the development of wind roses.
Fig 3.3 gives a clear view of wind rose for three month viz. March to May 2013 each representing a wind speed per month.
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FIGURE 3.3: WINDROSE DIAGRAM
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3.1.1.1 Micro Meteorology At Mine Site Micro meteorology datas viz. temperature and relative humidity were recorded at site during the study period which are summarized in the table 3.3 TABLE – 3.3 TEMPERATURE RECORDS AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY AT MINE SITE Month Temp.(°C) Humidity (%) Rainfall Prominent wind direction In /wind speed(Km./Hr.) Min. Max 8.30 17.30 mm Directio Max. Min. Max. Min. hrs hrs n March -2013 9.2 37.0 80.0 37 0.0 N-NE 019 002 021 003 April - 2013 11.0 39.9 65.0 49 0.0 S-E-NE 015 002 015 001 May – 2013 21.1 42.2 60.0 34 0.0 S-NE-E 021 003 023 007 Source-Primary data collected by M/s Eco Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd 3.1.1.2 Ambient Air Quality To establish the ambient air quality the studies were carried out during summer season of the year 2013 (March – May).
a. Ambient Air Sampling Ambient air quality sampling was carried out with the help of Respirable Dust Sampler. The data generated for ambient air quality status within 10 km. radius of the existing mine has been compiled along with micrometeorological conditions for particulars season.
b. Location of Ambient Air Sampling Stations Eight sampling stations were established around the core zone within 10 km radius to study the present air quality. The locations are given in Table 3.4 and they are marked in Fig. 3.4.
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TABLE 3.4 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING STATIONS Station Station Name Location with respect to Site Code. Distance (Km) Direction A1 Mine – site Core zone -- A2 Banesti 0.50 South A3 Shambhupura 5.50 East A4 Kanthariya 1.40 NE A5 Sukhvara 4.50 W A6 Sindvari 7.00 SE A7 Ochhari 8.00 NE A8 Sehnwa 3.60 N c. Sampling Schedule Eight hourly samples were collected from each station round the clock, twice a week for continuous three month (March, April & May 2013). d. Air quality parameter The following parameters were analyzed for each sample
- Suspended particulate matter (PM10)
- Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
- Oxides of nitrogen (Nox)
- Respirable particulate matter (PM2.5)
The sampling and testing of ambient air quality parameters were carried out as per relevant parts of IS 5182. The brief details of testing procedure adopted are given in Table 3.5.
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TABLE – 3.5
PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING VARIOUS AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS
Parameters Testing Procedure Gravimetric method using high volume air samplers PM 10 IS:5182(Part IV)1973 Absorption in dil. NaOH and then estimated colorimetrically with sulphanilamide and N(I-Nepthyle) NO x Ethylene diamine Dihydrochloride and Hydrogen Peroxide(IS:5182 1975, Part VI) Absorption in Sodium Tetra Chloro-mercurate followed SO2 by Colorimetric estimation using P-Rosaniline hydrochloride and Formaldehyde(IS:5182 Part II. 1969) PM2.5 Respirable Particulate Matter Sampling and analysis
The detailed results of ambient air quality are given in table 3.6 to 3.9.
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TABLE – 3.6 Ambient Air Quality
(PM10 24-hr Concentration in ug/cum) Near Sha Near Near mbh Near Near Near Mine Bane Kanthari Sukhva Station ► upur Sindvari Ochhari Sehnwa site sti ya ra a Village Village Village Village Village Villa ge S. Result A5 A6 A7 A1 A2 A3 A4 A8 No.▼ March-13
1. Minimum 76.59 81.78 72.40 81.17 68.37 82.78 82.43 83.83 2. Maximum 99.55 99.70 96.38 97.04 81.24 99.74 98.59 99.97 3. Average 87.18 91.17 85.94 88.70 78.37 90.08 92.02 95.04 98% 97.56 97.71 94.45 95.09 79.61 97.74 96.62 97.97 April-13 1. Minimum 72.05 80.46 76.93 85.00 69.58 71.23 85.76 80.44 2. Maximum 96.39 99.26 97.02 98.88 83.42 96.39 99.32 99.85 3. Average 85.51 92.27 88.03 90.88 80.37 87.70 93.51 91.82 98% 94.46 97.27 95.07 96.90 81.75 94.46 97.33 97.85 May-13 1. Minimum 63.35 83.85 81.45 84.85 66.45 79.46 81.91 81.60 2. Maximum 98.39 97.99 98.84 99.49 82.24 98.51 99.87 99.91 3. Average 87.94 92.25 91.23 90.00 79.35 91.24 93.42 92.87 98% 96.42 96.03 96.86 97.50 80.59 96.53 97.87 97.91 Source: Eco Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
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TABLE – 3.6 A Ambient Air Quality (Free Silica in ug/cum) S.No. Location Units Free silica in PM10 1. Mine site ug/cum 0.51 2. Banesti ug/cum 0.79 3. Shambhupura ug/cum 0.60 4. Kanthariya ug/cum 0.69 5. Sukhavara ug/cum 0.59 6. Sindvari ug/cum 0.43 7. Ochhari ug/cum 0.89 8. Sehnwa ug/cum 0.50
Source: Eco Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
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TABLE – 3.7 Ambient Air Quality
(SOx 24-hr Concentration in ug/cum)
Near N Sha Near Near Near Near mbh Near Sukhv Sindva Ochha Mine Ban Sehnw Station ► upur Kanthari ara ri ri site esti a a ya Village Villag Villag Villag Villag Villa e e e e ge S. Result A5 A6 A7 A1 A2 A3 A4 A8 No.▼ March-13
1. Minimum BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 2. Maximum 6.75 6.59 6.51 5.33 3.14 5.33 6.51 6.59 3. Average 3.48 3.60 3.59 3.93 2.88 3.92 4.28 4.31 98% 6.61 6.46 6.45 5.22 3.07 5.22 6.37 6.45 April-13 1. Minimum BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 2. Maximum 6.51 5.55 5.48 6.43 3.05 6.43 5.55 5.68 3. Average 3.32 3.68 4.19 3.96 2.68 3.94 4.57 4.49 98% 6.38 5.44 5.37 6.30 2.99 6.30 5.44 5.57 May-13 1. Minimum BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 2. Maximum 5.48 5.55 5.55 5.48 2.89 7.12 6.59 5.26 3. Average 3.40 3.73 4.03 4.03 2.74 4.06 4.39 3.36 98% 5.37 5.43 5.44 5.37 2.83 6.98 6.45 5.15 Source: Eco Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
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TABLE – 3.8 Ambient Air Quality (NOx 24-hr Concentration in ug/cum) Near N Sha Near Near Near Near mbh Near Ochha Mine Banes Sukhva Sindva Sehnw Station ► upur Kanthari ri site ti ra ri a a ya Village Villag Village Village Villag Villa e e ge S. Result A5 A6 A7 A1 A2 A3 A4 A8 No.▼ March-13 1. Minimum 4.29 4.04 4.54 4.43 2.78 4.43 5.22 3.49 2. Maximum 8.10 8.17 7.15 6.12 5.34 6.20 6.89 7.20 3. Average 6.20 6.00 5.79 5.44 4.25 5.46 6.08 5.76 98% 7.94 8.0 7.0 5.99 5.23 6.07 6.75 7.05 April-13 1. Minimum 4.08 4.54 4.31 4.65 2.84 3.29 4.65 4.31 2. Maximum 7.86 7.12 7.03 6.81 5.41 6.73 6.95 7.20 3. Average 5.90 5.91 5.68 5.70 4.45 5.61 5.88 5.90 98% 7.70 6.98 6.89 6.67 5.30 6.59 6.81 7.05 May-13 1. Minimum 4.43 4.76 4.65 4.65 2.28 4.65 4.82 3.44 2. Maximum 7.23 7.03 6.27 6.95 5.21 7.12 7.20 6.87 3. Average 5.69 5.93 5.59 5.66 4.63 5.70 5.84 3.36 98% 7.08 6.88 6.14 6.81 5.10 6.97 7.05 6.73 Source : Eco Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
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The observed range of various parameters recorded, have been compared with the National Ambient Quality Standards laid down by the Central Pollution Control Board and given be Table 3.14.
TABLE – 3.9 (Comparison of Air Monitoring Results) A5 A6 A7 NAAQ A4 A8 A3 Near Near Near Near Near S* Near Sukhva Sindva Ochh A1 A2 Kanth Sehn Parameters Mine Shamb ra ri ari Ind. & Banesti ariya wa site hupura Village Villag Villag Res. , Villag Villag Village e e Rural e e use PM10 Concentration Minimum 72.05 80.46 72.40 81.17 66.45 71.23 81.91 80.44 Maximum 99.55 99.70 98.84 99.49 83.42 99.74 99.32 99.97 100 Average 85.8 90.08 85.62 90.33 74.94 85.49 90.62 90.21 98% tile 97.56 97.71 96.86 97.47 81.75 97.74 97.33 97.97
SO2 Concentration Minimum BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Maximum 6.75 6.59 6.51 6.43 3.05 7.12 6.59 6.59 80 Average 3.38 3.30 3.26 3.22 2.04 3.56 3.30 3.30 98% tile 6.61 6.45 6.38 6.30 2.99 3.49 6.45 6.46 NOx Concentration Minimum 4.08 4.04 4.31 4.43 2.28 3.29 4.65 3.44 Maximum 8.10 8.17 7.15 6.95 5.41 7.12 7.20 7.20 80 Average 6.09 6.10 5.73 5.69 3.84 5.20 5.92 5.32 98% tile 7.94 8.00 7.00 6.81 5.30 6.98 7.05 7.05 CO Concentration The CO readings were less than 1 ppm for most part of the sampling period. The CO level was recorded as 04 1 ppm for the villages in the morning and evening hours.
* NAAQS – National Ambient Air Quality Standards. 24-hr concentration in ug/m3. A perusal of Tables 3.9 shows that PM10, CO, NOx & SO2 are well within limits prescribed for areas meant for ―Residential and Rural Use.
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3.9 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 3.9.1 Noise Analysis within the study area The noise analysis within the study area was recorded using 4-20mA, sound level meter. The analysis reveals that the noise level is well within the permissible range. The location of Noise level monitoring is presented in Table3.10 (A) & the levels recorded are as stated in table 3.10 (B).
TABLE 3.10(A) LOCATION OF NOISE MONITORING STATIONS Station Station Name Location with respect to Site Code. Distance Direction (Km) N1 MINE – SITE Core zone -- N2 Sindvari 7.0 SE N3 Ghosunda Dam (Ruppura) 6.75 NE N4 Sehnva 3.60 N N5 Ochhari 8.00 NE N6 Shambhupura 5.50 E N7 Banesti 0.50 E
TABLE – 3.10 (B) NOISE LEVEL WITHIN THE STUDY AREA Unit – dB(A) S. Name Month Noise Level (Morning) Noise Level No. (Evening) 10.00 am – 11.00am 4.00pm-5.00pm
1. Mine Site N1 March to 58.6 45.1 May. 2013 2. Sindvari Village N2 March to 53.2 43.3 May. 20 13 3. Ghosunda Dam March to 52.3 42.0 (Ruppura) Village N3 May 20 13
4. Sehnva Village N4 March to 53.1 43.5 May 20 13 5. Ochhari Village N5 March to 52.1 42.2 May 20 13 6. Shambhupura Village March to 53.6 43.3 N6 May 20 13
7. Banesti Village N7 March to 54.7 44.4 May 20 13
Source-M/s Eco Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
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3.9.2 Traffic Density Traffic density measurements were performed at one location at village Shambhupura, (National Highway -79, Nimbahera–Chittorgarh.) Location of these stations is marked on the map in Fig.3.5. The monitoring was performed in May, 2013. Traffic density measurement were made continuously for 24 hours by visual observation and counting of vehicles under three categories, viz., heavy motor vehicles, light motor vehicles and two/three wheelers. As traffic densities on the roads are high, two skilled persons were deployed simultaneously at each station during each shift- one person on each of the two directions for counting the traffic. At the end of each hour, fresh counting and recording was undertaken. Total numbers of vehicles per hour under the three categories were determined. The results of measurements are given in the Table 3.11. TABLE 3.11 TRAFFIC DENSITY Traffic No. of vehieles per on near village Shampupura vehicle (National Highway -79, Nimbahera–Chittorgarh),
H.M.V. 68 L.M.V. 85 2/3 wheelers 89 Grand Total 242 Source-Primary data collected by M/s Udaipur Min- Tech Pvt.Ltd.
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3.10 SOIL Soil may be defined as a thin layer of earth's crust which serves as a natural medium for the growth of plants. It is the unconsolidated mineral matter that has been subjected to and influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as, parent material, climate organism and physiochemical action of wind, water and sun light an acting over a long period of time. Soil differs from the parent materials in the morphological, physical, chemical and biological properties. Also soils differ among themselves in some or all the properties depending on the differences in the gothic and environmental factors. Therefore, some soils are reddish brown, some are dark brown, some are coarse textured and some fine textured. They serve as a reservoir of nutrient for plant and crops.
The soil characteristic include both physical and chemical details, the soil survey was carried out by the M/s Eco Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd. to assess the soil characteristics of the area. Soil samples were collected at Seavan locations. The location of Soil samples is presented in Table 3.12(A) & the results of soil sample analyzed in table 3.12 (B) and depicted in Fig 3.6.
TABLE – 3.12 (A) LOCATION OF SOIL QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS Station Station Name Description Location with respect to Site Code. (Village) Distance (Km) Direction S1 Mine Site Ag. Land Core zone -- S2 Kanthariya Ag. Land 1.5 NE Village S3 Sindvari Ag. Land 7.0 SE Village S4 Ruppura Ag. Land 7.70 NW S5 Sehnawa Ag. Land 3.60 N S6 Ochhari Ag. Land 8.00 NE S7 Shambhupura Ag. Land 5.50 E
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TABLE – 3.12 (B) SOIL SAMPLE ANALYSIS
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S. Parameters Unit Banesti Kanthariya Ruppura Sehnwa Ochhari Shambhu No village Village Sindvari Village Village Village pura Village Village 7.85 7.92 8.06 1. pH (1:2.5) - 8.03 8.01 8.15 8.21
Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy 2. Texture - Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Light Light Light Light Light Light 3. Color - Brown Light Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown brown Water 16.56 % 17.03 4. holding 15.63 19.04 20.62 26.60 14.95 capacity - <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 5. SAR <10
6. Bulk density gm/cc 0.72 0.66 0.35 0.51 0.64 0.84 0.52 0.29 Organic % 7. 0.21 0.31 2.5 0.16 0.19 0.23 matter bymass
Electrical 0.24 Conductivity 8. of Mhos/cm 0.21 0.32 0.42 0.28 0.27 0.39 Saturation Extract (1:2)
9. Permeability Mm/hour 63.5 26.1 72.3 75.2 70.6 70.8 73.2 Source- M/s Eco Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd..
3.10.1 Remarks Results of the table 3.12 (B) shows that the soils are different in nutrients (especially in Nitrogen and Phosphorus) and organic matter, the yield of major crops growth will be poor without adequate dosages of organic manure and fertilizers. There are variations in the specific values in Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and organic matter contents of soils in different villages, but they hardly matter when integrated fertility status of the soils are concerned.
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Soils pH values in the range of 7.85 to 8.21 indicate that soils are almost normal (neutral) with respect to acidic/alkaline reactions.
3.11 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONEMENT The basic purpose to exploring the biological environment under Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to assist in the decision making process and to ensure that the project options under consideration are bio- environmental-friendly. EIA identifies ways of improving project environmentally by preventing, minimizing, mitigating or compensating for adverse impacts before exploration and development phase. The present study on the floral assessment of the proposed project is based on field survey of the area supported by secondary data from various governmental and non- governmental sources. 3.11.1 Study area The tract of the Study area is plane to mountainous with rugged terrain. 10 km (radial distance from the proposed mining lease) study area was taken for the assessment of terrestrial ecology. The climatic condition in the study area is semi arid. The plane areas in the study area are dominated by thorny scrub vegetation and agriculture fields. The study area has temperature range of 440c to 110c. Monsoons (June to September) have intermittent rainfall. No natural surface water body exists within the Mine Lease area. The list of sampling locations studied for biological environment is presented in Table no. 3.13 and Fig. 3.7
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Table 3.13 LIST OF SAMPLING LOCATION SELECTED FOR STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
SR. NO. NAME OFN VILLAGE DISTANCE DIRECTION 1. Banesti 0.50 Km South 2. Sawa 1.60 Km South 3. Kanthariya 1.40 Km North-East 4. Panchtoli 2.10 Km North-West 5. Senva 3.60 Km North 6. Segva 6.40 Km North 7. Ghosunda 8.40 Km North-West 8. Ruppura 8.00 Km North –West 9. Japharkhera 4.00 Km North 10. Ochhari 8.00 Km North-East 11. Khor 7.75 Km North-East 12. Shambhupura 5.50 Km East 13. Kannauj 4.30 Km South – West 14. Satkhanda 7.75 Km South-East 15. Kesarpura 8.40 Km South 16. Sindvari 7.00 Km South-East 17. Karunda 9.30 Km South-East
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3.11.2 Survey Methodology 3.11.2.1 Flora The present study on the floral assessment for the proposed project activity is based on extensive field survey of the area. The study has been conducted in summer season. The plant species were identified with the help of taxonomists of related fields and nearby Institutions. Besides the collection of plant species, information was also collected with vernacular names of plant species made by local inhabitants. In this process the whole study area was divided into different sections to get the maximum diversity of plant species. The sampling sites were selected based on land use pattern, topography and floristic composition of the study area. Data on forest type legal status and their extent in the study area has been collected from forest department. The other relevant data on bio-diversity, like economically important plant species and medicinal plant, rare and endangered species in the study area have been collected from secondary sources like forest and wild life departments. 3.11.2.2 Fauna: The study of fauna takes substantial amount of time to understand the specific faunal characteristics of the area. The assessment of fauna have been done on the bases secondary data collected from different government offices like forest department, wildlife department etc. The presence of wildlife was also confirmed from the local inhabitants depending on the animal sightings and the frequency of their visits in the project area. In addition review of secondary data was another source of information for studying the fauna of the area. In addition the following sources were also used during survey. Sighting during ecological studies Animal call Foot mark and excreta
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3.11.2.3 Avifauna During Birds survey actual counts of birds were made following the standard survey technique. Observations were made during a walk through in the chosen transect for sighting birds. The number of birds observed in each sampling location was directly counted and listing was made. Birds were noted, counted and identified with the help of 8X40 ―Optima Zenith‖ binocular and standard field identification guides. 3.11.3 Forest and forest types in the study area The forest of the study area can be classified into Mixed Miscellaneous Forest in accordance with ―Survey of Forest Types of India‖ by Champion and Seth (1968) These forests are mostly found in south eastern and eastern part of Rajasthan comprising Chittorgarh, Kota, Udaipur, Sirohi, Banswara, Dungarpur, Baran and Jhalawar distrists. Floristic: These Forests mainly have species like Anogeissus pendula, Anogeissus latifolia, Terminalia tomentosa, Terminalia arjuna , Terminalia chebula, Albizia lebbeck, Dalbergia paniculata, Ziziphus nummularia, Tectona grandis, Zizyphus xylopyra, Ailanthus excels, Azadirachta indica, Bombax ceiba, Mangifera indica and Pithecolobium dulce etc. and its associates. 3.11.4 Floral Investigation 3.11.4.1 Core zone (ML area) The core zone of the proposed project site is plane, undulated and moderately hilly (Fig. no.-3.8). Very few plants were observed in the mineralized zone. The species observed in the core area are Azadirachta indica, Dalbergia sisoo, Mangifera indica, Ziziphus nummularia, Prosopis cineraria, Acacia nilotica, Prosopis juliflora etc (Fig. no.- 3.9). Some herb and shrub species observed in the core zone are Argemone Mexicana, Calotropis procera, Cassia tora and Datura spp. etc.
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Fig. 3.8: MINE LEASE AREA
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FIG. NO.3.9: GREEN BELT DEVELOPED IN MINE LEASE AREA
3.11.4.2 Buffer zone (10 km Study area) The structure and composition of vegetation in the buffer zone was studied by visual observations during the site visit. The buffer zone of 10 km is dominated by thorny scrub vegetation and some part is dominated by agriculture fields. (Fig. no.-3.10) The tree species were generally observed along roadside, around the human settlement and in peripheral areas of agriculture fields. Common tree species observed during the site visit are Azadirachta indica, Butea monosperma, Mangifera indica, Pithecolobium dulce, Acacia catechu, Prosopis cineraria, Acacia catechu, Albizia lebbeck, Ficus benghalensis, Ficus religiosa, Ailanthus excels, Calotropis giganta, Prosopis juliflora, Zizyphus xylopyra etc.
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FIG. 3.10: VEGETATION PATTERN OBSERVED IN BUFFER ZONE
Some herb and shrub species observed in the buffer zone are Adhatoda vasica, Annona squamosa, Calotropis gigantean, Calotropis procera, Ipomoea fistulosa, Jatropha curcas, Lantana camara, Ocimum gratissimum, Sida acuta, Agave Americana, Aloe vera, Cassia tora, Datura inoxia, Parthenium hysterophorus and Tribulus terrestris. A detailed List of Floral Species observed in the study area is given in Table no. 3.14.
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TABLE 3.14
LIST OF PLANT SPECIES RECORDED IN STUDY AREA OF BANASTI MINE LEASE, CHITTORGARH
Sr. No. Botanical Name Common Name Family
Trees
1. Acacia leucophloea Harmo Fabaceae
2. Acacia nilotica Desibaval Fabaceae
3. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae
4. Ailanthus excels Arduso Simaroubaceae
5. Albizia lebbeck Siras Fabaceae
6. Albizia procera Kala Siras Fabaceae
7. Anogeissus latifolia Dhavdo Combretaceae
8. Azadirachta indica Limdo Meliaceae
9. Bauhinia racemosa Asitaro Fabaceae
10. Bombax ceiba Simlo Bombacaceae
11. Boswellia serrata Haledi, Salai Burseraceae
12. Cassia fistula Garmalo Caesalpiniaceae
13. Cassia siamea Kesia Fabaceae
14. Cordia dichotoma Gundo Boraginaceae
15. Dalbergia sissoo Shisham Fabaceae Diospyros 16. Timru, Tendu Ebenaceae melanoxylon
17. Emblica officinalis Amla Euphorbiaceae
18. Erythrina suberosa Tetarkhakhro, Bodliya Fabaceae
19. Ficus benghalensis Vad Moraceae
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Sr. No. Botanical Name Common Name Family
20. Ficus racemosa Umro Moraceae
21. Ficus religiosa Piplo Moraceae
22. Grewia tiliaefolia Dhaman Tiliaceae Lannea 23. Moledi Anacardiaceae coromandelica
24. Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae
25. Melia azedarach Bakayan Meliaceae
26. Moringa oleifera Mithosaragavo Moringaceae
27. Phoenix sylvestris Khajur Arecaceae
28. Pithecellobium dulce Jungle jalebi Fabaceae
29. Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka Annonaceae
30. Pongamia pinnata Karanj, Kanji Fabaceae
31. Prosopis cineraria Khijdo Fabaceae
32. Prosopis juliflora Gando baval Fabaceae Pterocarpus 33. Biyo Fabaceae marsupium
34. Salvadora oleoides Pilu Salvadoraceae
35. Syzygium cumini Jambu Myrtaceae
36. Tamarindus indica Khati Amli Fabaceae
37. Tectona grandis Sag Verbenaceae
38. Wrightia tinctoria Dhudhio Apocynaceae
39. Ziziphus mauritiana Bor Rhamnaceae
40. Zizyphus xylopyra Ghatbor Rhamnaceae Shrubs
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Sr. No. Botanical Name Common Name Family
41. Adhatoda vasica Adulsa Acanthaceae
42. Annona squamosa Sitafal Annonaceae
43. Argemone Mexicana Pila Dhatura Papaveraceae
44. Balanites aegyptiaca Hingot Zygophyllaceae
45. Calotropis gigantean Shivark, Akdo Apocynaceae
46. Calotropis procera Mudar Asclepiadaceae
47. Commiphora wightii Guggal Burseraceae
48. Helicteres isora Marodfali, Atedi Sterculiaceae
49. Ipomoea fistulosa Beshram Convolvulaceae
50. Jatropha curcas Ratanjyot Euphorbiaceae
51. Lantana camara Lantana Verbenaceae
52. Nyctanthes arbor- Tamat, Harsingar Oleaceae tristis
53. Ocimum gratissimum Vantulsi Lamiaceae
54. Opuntia dillenii Opuntia Cactaceae
55. Sida acuta Chikan Malvaceae
Herbs
56. Acanthospermum Kanti Asteraceae hispidum
57. Achyranthes aspera Unga, Keora Amaranthaceae
58. Aerva javanica Bui Amaranthaceae
59. Agave Americana Ram Baas Agavaceae
60. Aloe vera Gwarpatha Liliaceae
61. Cassia tora Puwad, Panwar Fabaceae
62. Datura inoxia Dhatura Solanaceae
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Sr. No. Botanical Name Common Name Family
63. Parthenium Gajar Ghaas Asteraceae hysterophorus
64. Solanum nigrum Chirpoti Solanaceae
65. Tephrosia purpurea Sarpankha Fabaceae
66. Tribulus terrestris Gokharu Zygophyllaceae
67. Tridax procumbens Kumru Asteraceae
Climbers 68. Abrus precatorius Chirmi Fabaceae
69. Asparagus racemosus Shatavari Asparagaceae
70. Cuscuta reflexa Amarbel Convolvulaceae
Cissus Kundvel Vitaceae 71. quadrangularis
Grass
72. Cymbopogon martini Lemon grass Poaceae 73. Cynodon dactylon Dub Poaceae 74. Digitaria sp. Crabgrass Poaceae Source: Survey team in consultation with concern state forest officials and local people
3.11.4.3 Green belt development During the last 5 years the project proponent have planted 2320 trees on 2.12 ha land for green belt development. The total number of plant survives during the phase are 2112 (i.e. 91% survival rate). The species planted for green belt development are Azadirachta indica (Neem), Dalbergia sisoo (Sisham) and Mangifera indica (Mango) (Fig.no. 3.11). Plantation of fruit trees like mango within green belt area can attract many frugivorous and insectivorous birds to live their. (Plate) Green belt development is necessary to create some natural habitat besides the human habitation to facilitate the foraging, sheltering and breeding for birds Total expenditure incurred since
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2009 for green belt development is Rs. 1,65,000. The year-wise plantation, area used for plantation with survival details are presented in Table No. 3.15.
FIG. 3.11: GREEN BELT DEVELOPED ARROUND MINE LEASE
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Table 3.15
YEAR-WISE PLANTATION, AREA USED FOR PLANTATION WITH SURVIVAL DETAILS
YEAR NAME OF PLANT NO. OF PLANTS NO. OF AREA IN Proposed Planted PLANTS HECT. SURVIVAL 2007-08 NEEM,SISAM,MANGO 500 400 322 0.32 2008-09 NEEM,SISAM,MANGO 600 530 420 0.42 2009-10 NEEM,SISAM,MANGO 600 435 348 0.34 2010-11 NEEM,SISAM,MANGO 600 680 544 0.54 2011-12 NEEM,SISAM,MANGO 600 600 480 0.48 TOTAL 2900 2320 2112 2.12
3.11.4.4 Medicinal plants India is rich in natural resources and traditional knowledge for the conservation of nature. The traditional use of plant in medicine is from ancient time to this day all over the world. The herbal plants are very popular because they have fewer side effects, and better patient compliance. The protection and conservation of medicinal plant diversity against over exploitation by domestic and foreign commercial interest without benefits accruing to the nation are clearly our priorities The study area is having lesser amount of plant diversity. The plants observed in the study area having some medicinal properties are Abrus precatorius, Acacia nilotica, Adhatoda vasica, Aegle marmelos, Albizia procera, Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica, Bauhinia variegatea, Butea monosperma, Calotropis procera, Cassia fistula, Cordia dichotoma, Crotalaria juncea and Dalbergia latifolia. The detail list of plant species having some medicinal properties is presented in Table no. 3.16.
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Table 3.16
List of Medicinal Plants species recorded in the study area of Banasthi mine lease, Chittorgarh
Sr. Botanical Common Family Medicinal Use No Name Name 1. Abrus Chirmi Fabaceae Uterine stimulant, precatorius abortifacient, toxic. 2. Acac ia Babul Fabaceae Demulcent nilotica 3. Adhatoda Adulsa Acanthaceae Expectorant, antispasmodic, vasica febrifuge 4. Aegle Bel Rutaceae Stomachic, antimicrobial marmelos (specific for diarrhoea, colitis, dysentery and enteric infections), digestive, astringent, spasmolytic, hypo-glycaemic 5. Albizia Kala Siras Mimosaceae Anti-allergic procera 6. Aloe vera Gwarpatha Liliaceae Purgative, Gel—topically emollient, anti- inflammatory, antimicrobial (used for wound healing, sunburn) 7. Azadirachta Neem Meliaceae Fever, Skin diseases indica 8. Bauhinia Kachnar Fabaceae Buds—a decoction is given variegata in piles (also used against tumours), haematuria, menorrhagia 9. Butea Palash Fabaceae Liver disorders monosperma 10. Calotropis Mudar Asclepiadaceae Bronchial asthma, Leaves— procera used for treating chronic cases of dyspepsia, flatulence, constipation and
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Sr. Botanical Common Family Medicinal Use No Name Name mucus in stool 11. Cassia fistula Amaltas Fabaceae Purgative, Febrifugal, Astringent,Antibilious 12. Cordia Gundo Boraginaceae Astringent, Demulcent, dichotoma Expectorant, Diuretic, Anthelmintic 13. Crotalaria Indian Hemp Fabaceae Leaf--Demulcent, Purgative, juncea Emetic, Emmenagogue, Abortifacient 14. Dalbergia Sisam Fabaceae Stimulant, Appetiser, latifolia Anthelmintic, Spasmogenic 15. Dendrocalamu Manvel Poaceae Retained placenta s strictus 16. Emblica Aamla Euphorbiaceae Antianaemic, Anabolic, officinalis Antiemetic, Bechic, Astringent, Antihaemorrhagic, Antidiarrhoeal, Diuretic, Antidiabetic, Carminative, Antioxidant 17. Eucalyptus sp. Nilgiri Myrtaceae Antiseptic, antibiotic, antiviral, Antifungal, antispasmodic 18. Ficus Peepal Moraceae Astringent, Antiseptic, religiosa Alterative, laxative, Haemostatic 19. Ficus Bargad Moraceae Diabetes, Dysentery bengalensis 20. Jatropha Ratanjyot Euphorbiaceae Used for Scabies, Ringworm, curcas Eczema, Whitlow, Warts, Syphilis 21. Madhuca Mahua Sapotaceae Stimulant, Demulcent, indica Laxative, Anthelmintic, Bechic 22. Mangifer a Aam Anacardiaceae Astringent, Antiscorbutic indica
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Sr. Botanical Common Family Medicinal Use No Name Name 23. Melia Neem Meliaceae Diuretic, Anthelmintic, azadirach Antilithic 24. Moringa Mithosaraga Moringaceae Cardiac and circulatory oleifera vo stimulant 25. Nyctanthes Tamat, Oleaceae Febrifuge, Anti- arbor-tristis Harsingar inflammatory,Antispasmodi c, Hypotensive, Respiratory stimulant. Used for fevers, Rheumatism, Obstinate sciatica 26. Pithecellobium Jungle jalebi Fabaceae Astringent, Febrifuge, dulce Antidysenteric 27. Polyalthia Ashoka Annonaceae Febrifuge, Causes cardiac longifolia depression 28. Tridax Kumru Asteraceae Styptic, Antidiarrhoeal, procumbens Antidysenteric 29. Sida acuta Chikan Malvaceae Astringent, Cooling, Stomachic, Febrifuge, Diuretic; used for nervous and sexual debility, Haemorrhoids, Biliary disorders 30. Syzygium Jamun Myrtaceae Acute diarrhea cumini 31. Tamarindus Imli Fabaceae Cooling, Digestive, indica Carminative, laxative, Antiscorbutic 32. Tectona Sagaun Verbenaceae Expectorant, Anti- grandis inflammatory, Antibilious, Anthelmintic 33. Terminalia Arjun Combretaceae Cardioprotective and arjuna Cardiotonic 34. Terminalia Behada Combretaceae Purgative, Astringent bellerica 35. Vitex Negundo Nirgudi Verbenaceae Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic;
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Sr. Botanical Common Family Medicinal Use No Name Name removes foetid discharges and worms from ulcers Source: Survey team in consultation with concern state forest officials and local people
3.11.5 Faunal Investigation 3.11.5.1 Mammals Faunal assessment provides a basis for determining relative abundance and rarity of each species which is important for assessing the diversity of fauna of a particular area. Since animals are capable of movements from one place to another, this makes their study entirely different. Different animals prefer different types of habitat for food and shelter. During survey species like Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta), Five Striped Palm Squirrel (Funambulus pennanti) and Mangoose (Herpestes edwardsi) were observed in the study area. According to the information collected from different offices and local people (Fig. no. 3.12), Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) Jackal (Canis aureus) Indian Hare (Lepus nigricollis) are generally observed near human habitation. During the faunal investigation no Schedule-I species observed in the study area. The list of faunal elements found in the study area is given in Table no. 3.17.
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FIG. NO. 3.12: DISCUSSION WITH PROJECT PROPONENT
Table 3.17
List of Faunal species recorded in the study area of Banasthi mine lease, Chittorgarh
Status in Status in Sr. Scientific Wildlife Common Name Family IUCN No. Name Protection Category Act-1972
Boselaphus 1. Nilgai Bovidae Schedule III Least Concern tragocamelus
2. Canis aureus Jackal Canidae Schedule II Least Concern
Funambulus Five Striped 3. Sciuridae Schedule IV Least Concern pennanti Palm Squirrel
Herpestes 4. Mangoose Herpestidae Schedule II Least Concern edwardsi
5. Lepus nigricollis Indian Hare Leporidae Schedule IV Least Concern
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Status in Status in Sr. Scientific Wildlife Common Name Family IUCN No. Name Protection Category Act-1972
Rhesus Cercopithec 6. Macaca mulatta Schedule II Least Concern Monkey idae
7. Rattus rattus Black Rat Muridae Schedule V Least Concern
Rousettus Pteropodida 8. Chamgadar Schedule V Least Concern leschenaulti e
Semnopithecus Cercopethic 9. Langur Not Enlisted Least Concern entellus* idae
10. Sus scrofa Wild boar Suidae Schedule III Least Concern Source: Survey team in consultation with concern state forest officials and local people.
Some reptiles and amphibians like Toad (Bufo bufo), Garden Lizard (Calotes versicolor), Common Rat Snake (Ptyas mucosus) and Russell‘s Viper (Vipera russelli) are also observed in the study area. List of Reptiles and Amphibians species recorded in the study area of Banasthi mine lease is presented in Table no. 3.18.
Authenticat List of Flora & Founa Is Enclosed As Annexure-XIV
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Table no. 3.18
List of Reptiles and Amphibians species recorded in the study area of Banasthi mine lease, Chittorgarh
Schedule as Status as per Sr. Common Scientific Name Family per WPA IUCN No. Name 1972 category
1. Bufo bufo Toad Bufonidae Not Enlisted Least Concern
Calotes Garden 2. Agamidae Not Enlisted Not Evaluated versicolor Lizard
Common Rat 3. Ptyas mucosus Colubridae Schedule II Not Evaluated Snake
Russell‘s 4. Vipera russelli Viperidae Schedule IV Not Evaluated Viper Source: Survey team in consultation with concern state forest officials and local people.
3.11.5.2 Avifauna Diversity of avifauna is one of the most important ecological indicators to evaluate the quality of habitats. Now-a-days, avifaunal diversity has been decreasing due to the destruction of natural habitats and human disturbances. Random destruction of natural habitats by cutting nesting trees and foraging plants for commercial use of woods and lands are the main factor responsible for narrow down in avian foraging habitat and their nesting sites. Thus, many species of birds may be forced to inhabit in the urban areas and constrain them to breed there. Birds are essential animal group of an ecosystem and maintain a trophic level. Therefore, detail study on avifauna and their ecology is important to protect them. A total of 26 birds were observed during the survey. The study area is dominated by hilly terrains, Barren land and Agriculture fields. Most of the birds in the project area are distinctive to the habitat. Different land use in the study area was identified to get maximum bird diversity.
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The mine lease area has comparatively low bird diversity due to a lot of human interference, excavation and noise due to vehicles. The species observed near urban area are common crow, house sparrow, myna dove and pigeons (FIG.no. 3.13). These species are always try to live near human settlements as they get sufficient food near human settlement. List of birds observed in the study area are presented in Table no 3.19.
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FIG. NO. 3.13: BIRD SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA
Cattle egret Common Myna
Eurasian Collared Dove Blue Rock Pigeon
Red vented Bulbul
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Table no. 3.19
LIST OF BIRD SPECIES RECORDED IN THE STUDY AREA OF BANASTHI MINE LEASE, CHITTORGARH
Schedule as Status as per Sr. Common Scientific Name Family per WPA IUCN No. Name 1972 category
Acridotheres 1. Bank Myna Sturnidae Schedule IV Least Concern ginginianus
Acridotheres Common 2. Sturnidae Schedule IV Least Concern tristis Myna
Small Blue 3. Alcedo atthis Alcedinidae Schedule IV Least Concern Kingfisher
Indian Pond 4. Ardeola grayii Ardeidae Schedule IV Least Concern Heron
5. Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret Ardeidae Schedule IV Least Concern
Cinnyris Purple 6. Nectariniidae Schedule IV Least Concern asiaticus Sunbird
Blue Rock 7. Columba livia Columbidae Not Enlisted Least Concern Pigeon
Copsychus Magpie 8. Muscicapidae Schedule IV Least Concern saularis Robin
Coracias 9. Indian Roller Coraciidae Schedule IV Least Concern benghalensis
Corvus 10. Jungle Crow Corvidae Not Enlisted Least Concern macrorhynchos
Corvus 11. House Crow Corvidae Schedule V Least Concern splendens
Dendrocitta Rufous 12. Corvidae Schedule IV Least Concern vagabunda Treepie
13. Dicrurus Fork-tailed Dicruridae Schedule IV Least Concern
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adsimilis Drongo
14. Egretta garzetta Little Egret Ardeidae Schedule IV Least Concern
Black- 15. Elanus axillaris Shouldered Accipitridae Schedule IV Least Concern Kite
Eudynamys 16. Koel Cuculidae Schedule IV Least Concern scolopaceus
White Halcyon 17. Breasted Halcyonidae Schedule IV Least Concern smyrnensis Kingfisher
18. Lanius excubitor Grey Shrike Laniidae Not Enlisted Least Concern
Merops Small Green 19. Meropidae Not Enlisted Least Concern orientalis Bee Eater
Yellow 20. Motacilla flava Motacillidae Schedule IV Least Concern Wagtail
Golden 21. Oriolus oriolus Oriolidae Schedule IV Least Concern Oriole
Passer House 22. Passeridae Not Enlisted Least Concern domesticus Sparrow
Common 23. Pavo cristatus Phasianidae Schedule I Least Concern Peafowl
Ploceus 24. Baya Weaver Ploceidae Schedule IV Least Concern philippinus
Psittacula Plum-headed 25. Psittaculidae Schedule IV Least Concern cyanocephala Parakeet
Psittacula Rose Ringed 26. Psittaculidae Schedule IV Least Concern krameri Parakeet
Pycnonotus Red Vented 27. Pycnonotidae Schedule IV Least Concern cafer Bulbul
Saxicoloides 28. Indian Robin Muscicapidae Schedule IV Least Concern fulicatus
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Streptopelia 29. Spotted Dove Columbidae Schedule IV Least Concern chinensis
Sturnus Brahminy 30. Sturnidae Schedule IV Least Concern pagodarum myna
Rosy 31. Sturnus roseus Sturnidae Schedule IV Least Concern Starling
Tadorna Brahminy 32. Anatidae Schedule IV Least Concern ferruginea Duck
Asian Terpsiphone 33. Paradise Monarchidae Schedule IV Least Concern paradisi Flycatcher
Treron Common 34. Columbidae Schedule IV Least Concern phoenicoptera Green Pigeon
Turdoides Common 35. Timaliidae Schedule IV Least Concern caudate Babbler
Turdoides Jungle 36. Timaliidae Schedule IV Least Concern striata Babbler Source: Survey team in consultation with concern state forest officials and local people Conservation Plan for Common Peafowl is enclosed as annexure- XXII 3.11.5.3Threatened species
During the course of survey, no threatened species were recorded in the study area.
3.12 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3.12.1 Land use of Study Area (Buffer Zone) The total and of the study area is divided into following 12 categories:-
The land use of study area is given as under:- i) Water bodies : 506.32 Hect.
ii) Seasonal Water Bodies : 124.57 Hect.
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iii) Forest : 2427.98 Hect.
iv) Crop land : 11093.83 Hect.
v) Fallow land : 13198.74 Hect.
vi) Plantation : 177.69 Hect.
vii) Human Settlement : 1382.05 Hect.
viii) Industry : 144.13 Hect.
ix) Mining Area : 439.39 Hect.
x) Land with Scrub : 4330.83 Hect.
xi) Land Without Scrub : 2133.97 Hect.
xii) Barran Rocky : 250.62 Hect.
DATA INPUT
IRS LISS3 Multispectral digital FCC (False Color Composite) data from NRSC Bhuwan Portal has been used for preparation of Land use/ Land cover thematic map of study area. Project site mine plan map & Google maps and Toposheet has been used as a reference map for preparation of base layer map like road, rail network, project site boundary, landmarks point etc.
Technical Details
Satellite Image IRS LISS3
Band Combination 2,3,4
DIP Software ERDAS Imagine 9.2 & Arc GIS 9
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METHODOLOGY
Land use / Land cover map preparation, Base map creation; and Geometric correction of satellite image has been processed using ERDAS Imagine 9.2 Software.
The methodology used for Land use pattern of study area is explained in following headings. GEOREFERENCING OF TOPOMAPS
SOI toposheet has been geo-referenced in geographic lat/long coordinate system using ERDAS Imagine Software. BASE MAP LAYER CREATION
Project site mine plan map & Google maps and geo-referenced toposheet has used as a reference map for base layer creation. In base layer linear, polygon and point feature like road, rail, canal, village location and project site have been created in vector data format. Base map layer information has been used for analysis of surrounding feature like road, rail, and village location near project site activity through superimposed on thematic map for data integration.
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FIG. NO.3.14 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP OF STUDY AREA
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3.12.1.1 Agricultural Yield of the Study Area Agricultural practice is the major source of income of the area, as agricultural land is the maximum land use category found in the study area. The major crops grown are Maize, Wheat, Gram, Ground nut, Mustard, Rice, Urad & Moong etc. The rich surface & ground water resources coupled with fertile soils has contributed substantially to the practice of intensive agriculture in the study area. Crop wise yield grown around the study area is given in Table 3.20.
TABLE –3.20 AGRICULTURE YIELD OF THE STUDY AREA Sl. No. SEASON CROP YIELD KG./HECT. 1. Kharif Maize 1370 2. Kharif Urad 500 3. Kharif Moong 500 4. Rabi Wheat 2240 5. Rabi Gram 750 6. Rabi Ground nut 1110 7. Rabi Mustard 300
INTERPRETATION OF SATELLITE IMAGE
Hybrid technique has been used i.e. visual interpretation and digital image processing for identification of different land use and vegetation cover classes based on spectral signature of geographic feature. Spectral signature represents various land use class. Image interpretation keys are developed based on image characteristics like color, tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow, association etc, which enables interpretation of satellite images for ground feature.
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FIG. NO. 3.15 SATELLITE IMAGE OF STUDY AREA
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Ground Truth Data Collection for validation of Land Use Plan
Ground truth data on geographic features of the study area has collected by site visit to the area for verification of information of the different doubtful features of the study areas, which were found to be responsible for the occurrence of specific spectral reflectance behavioral patterns. Ground truth has been carried out for verification of the ground features (esp. one in doubt) interpretation accuracy and reliability of remotely sensed data.
CONCLUSION
All vector layer superimposed on land use land cover map for final map composition and used for analysis and study of area.
3.12.2 Land use of ML area (Core Zone) The lease area of 113.31 hect Comprises plain land devoid of any vegetation. This plain land has flat terrain. Ag. field exist within the lease area. No forest land is involved in the core zone. The summarized details of the type of and covered in the lease area is indicated in Table 3.21 (A) & (B). TABLE – 3.21 (A) LAND USE PATTERN-EXISTING (ML AREA) Particulars Forest Agriculture Grazing Waste Total Land Land Land Land Mining pits - - - 27.954 27.954 Dumps - - - 06.730 06.730 Road & buildings - - - 02.800 02.800 Plantation - - - 02.120 02.120 Mineral stack - - - 05.680 05.680 Remaining area - 15.880 - - 15.880 (Pvt. Ag. Land) Remaining area - - - 52.146 52.146 (Govt. waste land) Total NIL 15.880 NIL 97.43 113.31 Source-Approved Mining Scheme
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The area of influence of mining up to end of 5th year & up to the end of lease period (Yr.2018) within the lease area as given below :
TABLE – 3.21(B) LAND USE PATTERN OF ML AREA REQUIRE UPTO END OF PLAN PERIOD Particulars Forest Agriculture Grazing Waste Total Land Land Land Land Mining pits - - - 56.479 56.479 Dumps - - - 15.00 15.00 Road & buildings - - - 2.80 2.80 Plantation - - - 4.620 4.620 Mineral stack - - - 5.00 5.00 Remaining area - 15.88 - - 15.88 (Pvt. Ag. Land) Remaining area - - - 13.531 13.531 (Govt. waste land) Total NIL 15.88 NIL 97.43 113.31 Source-Approved Mining Scheme
TABLE – 3.21(C) LAND USE PATTERN OF ML AREA REQUIRE UPTO END OF MINE LIFE Particulars Forest Agriculture Grazing Waste Total Land Land Land Land Pit/Quarries - - - 62.54* 62.54* Dump Wastes - - - 15.00 15.00 Plantation - - - 00.58 00.58 Road & bridge - - - 20.00 20.00 Mineral Stack - - - 00.00 00.00 Ag. Land - 15.19 - 15.19 Undisturbed Area - - - - - Total NIL 15.19 NIL 98.12 113.31 Source-Approved Mining Scheme Note - Total 19.07 hect of mined out area will be used for plantation & remaining 43.47 hect. for rain water storage.
Hence, plantation will be done on total 54.07 hect of area (i.e 15.00 hect on Dump area, 20.00 hect on barren land & 19.07 hect. on mined out benches).
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3.13 WATER ENVIROENMENT There is no perennial source (river) of surface water in the study area. Bherach (7.00Km towards W), Gambhir seasonal river (8.50km towards NE) & satkhanda river (7.50 km towards E) are source of surface water exist within the study area and it‘s depend only on good monsoon rains. As such ground water forms the prime and only source if supply for drinking, industrial and agricultural purpose due to lack of any major perennial river or stream. No river or big nallah is traversing the study area.
3.13.1 Ground water The ground water in the study area occurs under unconfined (water table) condition and the main water bearing formations within study area is Quartzite, Limestone along Silica Sand, China Clay & Red ochre mineralisation. However, in the adjoining plain area Quartzite & Limestone rock constitute major water bearing formations.
There are twenty two dug wells and mostly are dry, exist within the lease area, However in buffer zone there are so many dug wells exist in Ag. fields. Some village also have water tank and ponds which become more or less dry during summer season. Therefore dug wells are major water source of drinking water and are also used for limited irrigation.
The depth to ground water varies from 70-75 mtrs. below ground level. The water level observations in dug wells of study area (Near SAWA & BANESTI VILLAGE) are carried out in pre and post monsoon season.
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SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF SITE ELEVATION, WORKING DEPTH & GROUND WATER
GROUND LEVEL 420.0 mRL
PRESENT DEPTH AND 360.0 mRL (60.0m bgl) ULTIMATE DEPTH
WATER TABLE 350.0 mRL (Post - monsoon) 345.0 mRL (Pre - monsoon) Proposed working will not intersect Ground water table.
3.13.2 Ground Water Recharge The annual rainfall contributes sufficient recharge to groundwater reserves in the study area covered by Quartzite & Limestone aquifers. Since most of the cultivable area around mining lease area is under Pond / Talav irrigation additional recharge is also contributed by the seepage through irrigation.
3.13.2 Ground water Quality in the study area To analysis the water quality in the study area, water samples (dug wells) were collected from the different village & near lease area in the study area is given in table 3.22. The results of the analysis are as per the datas given in the Table 3.23 (A) and 3.23 (B) their sampling location is demarked in Fig 3.16.
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TABLE – 3.22 LOCATION OF WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS Station Station Name Description Location with respect to Site Code. (Village) Distance (Km) Direction W1 Mine Site GW Core zone -- W2 Sindvari Village GW 7.0 SE W3 Ghosunda SW 6.75 NW Dam(Ruppura) W4 Sehnawa GW 3.60 N W5 Ochhari GW 8.00 NE W6 Shambhupura GW 5.50 E W7 Banesti GW 0.50 S
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TABLE - 3.23(A) GROUND WATER ANALYSIS (HAND PUMP / TUBE WELL / DUG WELLS) *LIMIT Units Desirable In Absence GW GW GW GW Limits of GW Sl. PARAMETE Near Near Near Near GW Alternate Banesti-I Source NO RS vill. Villa Village vill. Near Mine Sindvar ge Occhari Shambh vill. Site i Sehn upura Banesti awa pH value -- 7.85 7.39 8.02 8.31 7.94 8.19 6.5 to 8.5 No 1. relaxation 2. Colour -- < 5 < 5 < 5 < 5 < 5 < 5 Max 5 Max 15 3. Turbidity NTU < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 Max 1 Max 5 Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeab Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4. le Total Hardness mg/l 273.48 237.98 260.8 251.02 211.9 264.06 Max 200 Max 600 5. (as CaCO3) Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.28 0.26 0.27 0.22 0.23 0.25 Max 0.3 No 6. Relaxation Chlorides (as mg/l 44.34 38.48 55.22 50.20 26.77 40.16 Max 250 Max 1000 7. Cl) Sulphate (as mg/l 38.62 36.87 34 35.62 37.75 44.87 Max 200 Max 400 8. SO4) 9. Dissolved solids mg/l 490 410 510 470 390 590 Max 500 Max 2000 Electrical µmhos 1053 987 1126 931 864 1231 -- -- 10. Conductivity /cm 11. Alkalinity mg/l 156 122 142 138 116 160 Max 200 Max 600 Nitrate (as mg/l 1.05 1.81 2.75 1.11 1.33 1.28 Max 45 No Relaxation 12. NO3) Fluoride (as F) mg/l 0.48 0.70 0.77 0.85 0.80 0.78 Max 1.0 Max 1.5 13.
Cyanide (as mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Max 0.05 No 14. CN) relaxation 15. Copper (as Cu) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Max 0.05 Max 1.5 16. Zinc (as Zn) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Max 5 Max 15 Lead (as Pb) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Max 0.01 No 17. BDL relaxation Phenolic mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Max 0.001 Max 0.002 18. compounds (as C6H5OH) Cadmium (as mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Max 0.003 No relaxation 19. BDL Cd). Total Arsenic mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Max 0.01 Max 0.05 20. BDL (as As) Chromium (as mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Max 0.05 No 21. BDL Cr) relaxation Coliforms 2 Absent 4 2 4 2 Absent -- 22. MPN/100 ml 23. E.coli/100ml -- Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent -- Source- M/s Eco Laboratory & Consultant Pvt. Ltd.,
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3.13.3 Surface water Quality in the study area To analysis the water quality in the study area, water samples (talav, pond, river) were collected from the different village & near lease area in the study area. The results of the analysis are as per the datas given in the Table 3.23(B) and their sampling location is demarked in Fig 3.14. TABLE - 3.23 (B) SURFACE WATER ANALYSIS (Dam) *LIMIT
Desirable In Absence Sl. PARAMETE Units SW3 Ghosunda Limits of NO RS Alternate Dam (Ruppura) Source pH - 8.26 6.5 to 8.5 No 1. relaxation BOD (3 days mg/l 4.5 Max 5 Max 15 2. 27ºC) 3. COD mg/l 33.84 Max 1 Max 5 4. DO mg/l 6.1 Agreeable Agreeable Free Ammonia mg/l 25.6 Max 200 Max 600 5. (as N) Electrical µmhos 2837 Max 0.3 No 6. Conductivity /cm Relaxation 7. Boron mg/l BDL Max 250 Max 1000 8. SAR % <10 Max 200 Max 400 9. Total Solids mg/l 1250 Max 500 Max 2000 Total mg/l 30 -- -- 10. Suspended Solids Total mg/l 1220 Max 200 Max 600 11. Dissolved Solids Total MPN/100 28 Max 45 No Relaxation 12. Coliforms ml
3.14 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The socio-economic survey was conducted during the study period. The economic condition in villages is very poor below the povert line. In study area, villages are mostly engaged in low scale farming, cattle rearing and working as labors in nearby mines. Due to un-employment conditions. Some of them have migrated to nearby towns and state like M.P. & Gujarat.
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TABLE - 3.24 LIST OF SOCIO ECONOMIC SURVEY
Sr. No. Name ofn village Distance Direction 1. Banesti 0.50 Km South 2. Sawa 1.60 Km South 3. Kanthariya 1.40 Km North-East 4. Panchtoli 2.10 Km North-West 5. Senva 3.60 Km North 6. Segva 6.40 Km North 7. Ghosunda 8.40 Km North-West 8. Ruppura 8.00 Km North –West 9. Japharkhera 4.00 Km North 10. Ochhari 8.00 Km North-East 11. Khor 7.75 Km North-East 12. Shambhupura 5.50 Km East 13. Kannauj 4.30 Km South – West 14. Satkhanda 7.75 Km South-East 15. Kesarpura 8.40 Km South 16. Sindvari 7.00 Km South-East 17. Karunda 9.30 Km South-East
Details are enclosed as Annexure:-XV
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Fig. No. 3.17 Socio Economic Location Map
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The continuous drought of for years has reduced the agricultural yield considerably. The major segment of occupation is agriculture followed by direct and indirect employment in nearby mines. Socio economic features in the study are given as under :
A) Human Settlement There are 33 villages within 10 Km. radius from the mine as centre with a total population of 34675 forming 7458 household as per 2011 census.
B) Population Density The census records of 2011 reveal the population density is 40 person / Hect..
C) Sex Ratio Out of total population of 34675 within study area nearly 17571 are male and 17104 are female.
D) Population Centre The study area mostly comprises villages of Tehsil Chittoregarh, Kapasan, Bhadesar, Nimbahera, Bari sadri and rest is Pratapgarh, ThereforeChittoregarh is the population center. E) Literacy Rate Literacy rate in the study area is about 52.18% of the total population. F) Occupation Pattern As per census 2011, about 14543 (41.94%) of the total are main workers, 4356 (12.56%) are marginal workers & 15776 (45.49%) of the total population are non – workers. ======**************======
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CHAPTER – IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES
4.0 INTRODUCTION Any human activity in any environment produces impact, modifying it to a status which is considered adverse of beneficial according to the damage or improvement it brings about in physical, chemical and biological status of air, water, land including biota and in socio-cultural life styles and economy of the populace it affects. Depending on the nature of activities and existing status, the impacts are assessed for their importance. On the basis of the impact analysis, the mitigating action and future monitoring requirement are focused in the Environmental Management Plan for counting or minimizing adverse impacts.
Effects of this mining project on each of the environmental parameters are detailed below in accordance with the parameter of environment likely to be affected. - Topography and Drainage - Climate - Air environment - Noise levels - Hydrological conditions - Water Quality - Ecology - Land environment - Soil - Socio-economic environment - Cultural and Heritage environment
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Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those which can be attributed directly to the project. On the indirect or induced and typically include the associated investments and change patterns of social and economic by the proposed actions.
4.1 TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE 4.1.1 TOPOGRAPHY Topography of the surrounding area will remain unchanged. While that of mining lease area will change due to mining, excavation, dumping etc.
4.1.2 DRAINAGE No impact on drainage pattern within or outside the lease area due to mining project.
4.2 IMPACT ON CLIMATE 4.2.1 Temperature The temperature pattern is a regional behavior and is not likely to be affected by the mining activity over a small area. Some local effect may be perceived due to mining, afforestation and creation of water bodies in the ML area.
4.2.2Rainfall The trend of rainfall, as studied and discussed in last chapter, forms part of a regional pattern, not dependent on the relatively small area of mining activity. The mining operation, therefore, is not likely to have any adverse impact on rainfall pattern.
4.2.3 Wind Speed The wind speed in any area is dependent upon local topography and generation of elevation and depression of pressure changes in the region. The controlling factors for the pressure changes lie much
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beyond the control of small area under mining operations. Thus, no adverse impact on the regional wind speed is anticipated due to the mining operations.
4.2.4 Humidity
The pattern of relative humidity depends mainly on the rainfall, wind, temperature and other weather phenomenon that regional in behavior. The mining operation is not likely to have any impact on the relative humidity in the surrounding.
4.3 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT As explained in the previous chapter, the ambient air quality monitoring
results show that all the parameters such as PM10, SO2, NOx and PM2.5 are within the limits prescribed by CPCB for ―Industrial and Mixed use‖ areas as well as areas meant for ―Residential and Rural‖ areas. This scenario is with the expansion already in place.
The major contribution of air pollution is by opencast mining, such as excavation, loading and transportation etc. which will lead to momentary rise
in the suspended particulate matter (PM10). The dust liberated in mining and other related operations is injurious to heath if inhaled in sufficient quantity. As such there will be no noticeable impact on air quality.
The impact of the expansion on the air quality has been predicated using Fugitive Dust Model (FDM), which is a computerized air quality model specifically designed for computing concentration and deposition impacts from fugitive dust sources. The sources may be point, line or area sources. The model has not been designed to compute the impacts of buoyant point sources, thus it contains no plume rise algorithm. The model is generally based on the well known Gaussian Plume formulation for computing concentrations, but the model has been specifically adapted to
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incorporate an improved gradient transfer deposition algorithm. Emissions for each source are apportioned by the user into a series of particle size classes. A gravitational setting velocity and a deposition velocity are calculated by FDM for each class. Concentration and deposition are computed at all user selectable receptor location and the result are summarized in Fig 4.2 . Details as enclosed as annexure-XIII
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Fig 4.1
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Figure: 4.2 Concentration of PM due to emissions from mining activities (1 km)
A perusal of above figure shows that the pollutant concentrations in the ambient air will remain well below the National Ambient Air Quality Standard prescribed by CPCB. The incremental impact of transportation of mineral on CO shall be to the tune below 1 mg/m3 at peak hours.
4.4 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVEL The exposures to excessive noise levels can lead to:
Prevention of sleep, insomnia and fatigue.
Decrease in speech reception, communication, distraction and diminished concentration thus adversely affecting job performance efficiency.
Chronic psychological disturbance including impaired hearing.
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Irrepairable cardiovascular, respiratory and neuralgic damages in certain extreme cases.
The area in general represents calm surroundings. There is no heavy traffic, industry or noisy habitation in the area except the existing mine. With the increase in scale of mining operations, deployment of machinery, operation and men noise levels are expected to increase. The noise levels for different equipment in this mine are given in Table 4.1.
TABLE 4.1 NOISE GENERATED BY DIFFERENT MACHINERY S. No. Equipment Noise Level dBA 1. Excavator cum Loader 85-90 2. Dump Trucks 90-100
The impact of noise intensities at varying distances, derived mathematically by Spherical Propagation modeling for free attenuation due to distance only, are given in Table 4.2 TABLE 4.2 FREE NOISE ATTENUATION WITH DISTANCE Noise Level at Source dBA Distance in m Noise Level at Receptor dBA 95 100 47 95 200 41 95 300 37 95 400 35 90 100 42 90 200 36 90 300 32 90 400 30 From the above we find that if there is noise source of 95 and 90 dBA, each at 400m from a receptor, converge at the receptor, their components would be 35 and 30 dBA respectively.
With the resultant value being less than the ambient noise levels, there is no likelihood of excess addition of noise, from the mine operation, on the surrounding background noise level.
As derived above and due to the fact that there are no human settlement within 500 m, no impact of noise on habitation is likely. The
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same is brought out by the noise measurements carried out which indicate that the noise levels in the vicinity are within limits.
Through the source would likely cause noise pollution, but since it is continuous the considerable impact will be in. However the noise levels in the working environment are compared with standards prescribed by occupational safety and health administration (OSHA-USA) & CPCB-NEW DELHI, the acceptable limits are presented in Table 4.3 & 4.3.1. TABLE - 4.3 PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE IN CASES OF CONTINUOUS NOISE (GOI)
S.No Total time of Exposure (Continuous Sound Remarks or a number of short term Pressure exposures) per day in Hours. (dBA) 1 8 90 1. No. exposure in excess of 115 2 6 92 dBA is to be permitted. 3 4 95 4 3 97 2. For any period of exposure falling in between any figure as 5 2 100 indicated in column 1, the 6 1½ 102 permissible sound pressure level 7 1 105 is to be determined by 8 ¾ 107 extrapolation on a proportionate 9 ½ 110 scale. 10 ¼ 115
TABLE – 4.3.1 AMBIENT NOISE QUALITY STANDARD IN RESPECT OF NOISE
Area Limits in dB(A) Leq Category of Area Code Day time Night time (A) Industrial area 75 70 (B) Commercial area 65 55 (C ) Residential area 55 45 (D) Silence zone 50 40
In this mine no person is exposed to very high noise levels of noise continuously during works. Those working close to noise generating equipment have been provided with earplugs.
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4.5 IMPACT ON HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS In the study area Quartzite, Limestone along Silica Sand, China Clay & Red ochre formation is most potential for ground water. The flow of ground water is following the trend of topography, which is in the South and South-West direction. Usually availability of ground water in these formation is very high.
This is a positive impact because rate of percolation and recharge will also be enhanced. During the mining operation the effort will be made not to disturb the natural drainage system. The rain water which will be collected in pit or sump will be beneficial for recharging of ground water bringing about stability in the ground water table.
The mining activities shall be kept above the water table so that no de-watering of mining is required. Thus the mine operation will not affect the hydrological conditions of the area. Additionally, water shall be accumulated in pits & sumps, during monsoon that will help in stabilizing the fresh water table in the vicinity. At the end of mining operations a sizeable area will remain a void, which will be developed into a number of reservoirs for Rainwater Harvesting, which will have a positive impact on the ground water scenario.
4.6 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY 4.6.1 SURFACE WATER QUALITY The opencast mining operation usually causes water pollution. The sources of pollution generally are: Wash off from dumps Pumping of mine water into surface water bodies Soil Erosion To prevent wash off from dump getting into drainage system, garland drain & retaining wall will be made all around the dump.
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The rainwater shall be coursed into the mine by developing suitable drainage system and accumulated in the mined out pit. The water collected in the pit, after settling of the suspensions, shall be used for afforestation & mine spraying. Further, as the water collected in the sump is not likely to have any dissolved harmful elements, the same can be supplied to the surrounding agriculture land for irrigation purposes.
4.6.2 GROUND WATER QUALITY Ground water pollution can take place only if dumps and stockpiles contain harmful chemical substances that get leached by precipitation of water and percolate to the ground water table. In that case any nearby source of ground water can be rendered unfit for drinking purpose or industrial use.
This is not the case with this mine, as mineral or soil does not contain any harmful ingredients that could leach down to the water table. Thus the mine workings shall not affect the ground water quality.
4.7 IMPACT ON FLORA 4.7.1 FLORA IN BUFFER ZONE The area covered under vegetation in the buffer zone has scanty vegetation comprising of shrubs and bushes. The buffer zone at present has sparse growth of trees of common variety. As the mining activities will be confined to core zone only, no adverse impact is foreseen on the flora of the forest area.
4.7.2 FLORA IN CORE ZONE No forest within core zone. Excavation in the mining area and construction of roads, offices etc. does not affect the flora in the area where these operations are carried out.
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Plantation being carried out in the mine and surrounding areas will, over a period of time, upgrade the flora. 4.8 IMPACT ON FAUNA The adverse impacts on fauna are mainly due to : Human Activity Noise Land Degradation Deforestation
The impact on the fauna of the buffer zone due to the mining activity will be marginal. As there are very few trees / shrubs in the area, deforestation will not be significant factor in impact on fauna.
Fauna in the core zone is minimal, as most of the area is either irrigated agricultural land or waste land. Even so, by restricting mining at any time to small areas, impact on fauna will be kept to the minimum. Moreover, due to small activity of the past two decades with machinery has already pushed out whatever minor fauna was available in this desolate land. However, progressive plantation activity being undertaken will over a period of time create conditions favorable for fauna.
4.9 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 4.9.1 LAND USE IN BUFFER ZONE No adverse impact is anticipated on land use of buffer zone due to the present mining operations, as all the related activities are confined to the core zone.
4.9.2 LAND USE CORE ZONE (Refer Plate No.3 &4) The land use of the area will undergo considerable change as arising from : - Extension of the excavations - Establishment of facilities in the area
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- Revenue agricultural land (part) will be converted to mining purposes, if any.
Land use of core zone changes anticipated during the lease period are indicated in Table 4.4. TABLE - 4.4 LAND USE PLAN FOR PRE- OPERATIONAL, OPERATIONAL & POST - OPERATIONAL PHASES (IN HECT.)
Pre-Operational Operational Post- Operational Description Phase Phase Phase Mining 27.954 56.479 62.54* Waste dump 6.73 15.00 15.00 Road & Buildings 2.80 2.80 0.58 Plantation 2.120 4.620 20.00 Mineral Stack 5.680 5.00 00.00 Ag. Land 15.880 15.880 15.19 Undisturbed Land 52.146 13.531 -- Total 113.31 113.31 113.31
* Total 19.07 hect of mined out area will be used for plantation & remaining 43.47 hect. for rain water storage.
Hence, plantation will be done on total 54.07 hect of area (i.e 15.00 hect on Dump area, 20.00 hect on barren land & 19.07 hect. on mined out benches).
The mine position at the end of lease period stage is shown in the conceptual plan. (Ref. Plate No.4). The progressive increase in mining area will lead not only to land degradation but also visual pollution if appropriate control measures are not adopted. The mitigating measures already undertaken and proposed are given under environmental management plan.
4.10 IMPACT ON SOIL No top soil cover is available on the mineralized zone due to geological formation of minerals deposit as exposed right on surface in bed form. The conservation of top soil is not required as it is not available in proposed mining area. The impact on soil in the lease area will be negligible. However
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soil with scree will be generated as O/B, therefore arrangement for stacking to be made.
4.11 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 4.11.1 HUMAN SETTLEMENT The villages and their inhabitants in the buffer zone will not be disturbed from their settlements due to the mining operations.
There is no inhabitation within the lease area. Therefore neither villages nor any part of village or any hamlet will be disturbed during the entire life of the mine. As the mining operations will not disturb or relocate any village or settlement, no adverse impact is anticipated on any human settlement.
4.11.2 EMPLOYMENT The area is considered as industrially backward. The population in general does not have opportunities of earning from employment. The only employment to depend on is agriculture, which is seasonal. In the absence of any high employment potential activities, the people are economically backward. The mining operations are providing employment to 58 local persons.
The various indirect employment opportunities have also been generated. Several persons of the neighboring villages have been benefited with contract works, employment through contractors, running of jeeps, trucks, tractors and buses on hire, running canteens, different kind of shops and transport related business avenues.
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4.11.3 ECONOMIC STATUS The lease area comprises Govt. Waste land and Pvt. Ag land. Govt. Waste land owned by Govt. and leased for mining. Pvt. Land falls in the lease area and the landowners have been adequately compensated for the acquired land.
The land affected persons have been provided with either direct or indirect employment such as business, contract works and development work like roads, etc. From development stage itself, the mine has benefited the villagers by way of giving employment/business opportunities and other welfare amenities such as medical facilities, conveyance, free education, drinking water supply etc.
The job/business opportunities along with the compensation paid for acquisition of land has improved the economic condition of the persons. They are in a position to utilize this money for purchase of tractors, trucks, jeeps, etc. which may be put into use for business purposes. Part of money has also been utilized in starting of some business as per person‘s skills.
4.11.4 AGRICULTURE The agricultural activities are seen in the areas where there is sufficient soil cover. The buffer zone will remain undisturbed and no adverse impact is envisaged.
4.11.5 SENSITIVE TARGETS There are no places of Tourist, religious & Historical importance in core as well as buffer zone of 10-km radius. Therefore, no adverse impact are anticipated.
4.12 STRUCTURED ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT & ACTION PLAN
The lessee has endeavored the mitigation measures of potential impact and aspects of operation.
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TABLE – 4.5 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT MATRIX
Environmental Aspect of Potential Mitigation Monitoring programmed Setting & baseline Operation impacts measures Fugitive Effective AAQM Twice in a year
1. Ore handling Emissions & water (PM10, Sox & NOX) Noise sprinklers 1. Air Fugitive Effective AAQM Twice in a year 2.Transportation Emissions & water (8hrs.) Level in dB(A) and Noise sprinklers dB(C) The Regional emissions well ------within norms Provision of Water testing (Once in a 1. reducing year) pH, SS, TDS, 2. Water Contamination turbidity & Iron, Hardness, Alkalinity Chlorides, Nitrates 1. Ore SS Sulphate & Flourides excavation 2. Altered Provision of Existing water hydrologic rain water quality is potable regime harvesting 3. Soil Once in a year (PH, Conductivity, Sulphate, Nitrate, Phosphates Alkalinity & texture.).
The better efficient water sprinkling system will be worked. Green belt planning will be made effective so that the air emissions are restricted within lease area. The noise and vibrations will be controlled by effective planning i.e. provision of breaking ground vibrations, thick green cover near habituated area. The ground water harvesting program will be carried out in nearby area and village.
The managemen has planned to spend an additional Rs.28.5 lac every year on EMP‘s and provide continual improvement in the area.
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CHAPTER – V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY AND SITE) Banesti – I Red Ochre, Silica Sand & China Clay Mine is an operational mine. Analysis of alternatives based on site technology is given below:
5.1 Site Alternatives Since, the mine is already operational, it is site specific. So, no alternatives can be chosen. The selected site has the following advatanges. 1. The area chosen is not having habitation except few hutments. 2. Proximity to highway and railway line for Mineral transport. 3. There are no industries near the site and there is no pollution. 4. No endangered species around the mine site. 5. Availability of labour from nearby villages.
5.2 Technology alternatives The mineral deposit is exposed on surface and at places having a soil / scree cover of 0.5 to 6.0 m. The present mining of China Clay, Red Ochre and Silica sand at this mine is being done by mechanized opencast method of mining using shovel / excavators and dumpers. No drilling and blasting is being done as it is not required.
Development is in the form of approach roads to pit and various benches. The bench height is maintained between 6.0 m to 7.5 m. Width of bench is maintained about 18-20 m. Three excavators of 1.8 cu.m. bucket capacity is in operation with 15 dumpers. =====*******=====
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CHAPTER – VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.1 INTRODUCTION Success of any environmental management programme depends upon the efficiency of the organizational set up responsible for implementation of the programme. Regular monitoring of the various environmental parameters is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the management programme and take, if required, necessary mid term corrective measures. Work zone environmental quality is also important to ensure compliance with safety measures.
6.2 ENVIRONEMENT POLICY Progressive and popular minerals (P) Limited, Sawa, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) through its Director Mohammad Sher Khan, the Lessee of Banesti-1st Mine (M.L.No.-05/1997) is committed to achieving an excellent standerd of environmental performance in all its Mining and business activites. In particular, Progressive and Popular Minerals (P) Limited Sawa through its Director Mohammad Sher Khan will : Integrate environmental management into all facets of its mining activities. Ensure that all employees and contractors are informed about this policy and made aware of employees and contractors are informed about this Policy and made aware of their environmental responsibilities in relation to the mining activies. Inform and consult with the community about the Company‘s mining activities and projects. Mange the environmental risks on a site- specific basis to achieve planned environmental outcomes. Comply with all application environmental laws and regulations as a minimum standard. Continually strive to improve overall environmental performance.
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Identify opportunities for the efficient use of energy and water, minimizing waste and reducing the company‘s environmental footprint. Contribute to conservation of biodiversity and integrated approaches to land use planning. Rehabilitate sites or areas disturbed by its mining activities to comply with the applicable Environmental Management Plan.
6.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL The management of Banesti – I mine has already formed an environmental cell for the existing mine. The organization is headed by a Mohd. Sher khan S/o Shri Gulbaz Khan and managed by Manger and supported by an Environmental Executive.
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The said team is responsible for: 1. Collecting water and air samples, work zone monitoring for air pollutants.
2. Analyzing the water and air samples.
3. Implementing the control and protective measures.
4. Coordinating the environment related activities within the project as well as with outside agencies.
5. Collecting statistics on health of workers and population of surroundings villages.
6. Green belt development etc.
7. Monitoring and evaluating the progress of implementation of environmental management programme.
6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS To evaluate the effectiveness of environmental management programme, regular monitoring of the important environment parameters will be taken up. The schedule, duration and parameters to be monitored are shown in table:
TABLE-6.1 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS Particulars Monitoring Duration of Important Monitoring Parameters Frequencies Sampling Surface water / Once in a year Grab pH, SS, TDS, Iron, Hardness, Alkalinity Ground water Chlorides, Nitrates Sulphate & Flourides
Ambient air Once in a 24 hr. PM10, PM2.5, SOx and NOx monitoring Quarter. Noise Once in a 8 hr. Level in dB(A) and dB(C) Pollution quarter Soil Sampling Once in a year Grab PH, Conductivity, Sulphate, Nitrate, Phosphates, Alkalinity & texture.
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6.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT The Table 6.2 give overall investment on the environmental safeguards and recurring expenditure for successful monitoring and implementation of control measures. TABLE - 6.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (Investment and recurring cost Rs. Lakh) Sl. No Particulars Capital cost Recurring cost / annum 1. Pollution control 12,00,000 8,00,000 2. Pollution monitoring 8,00,000 5,50,000 3. Green belt on virgin area 5,00,000 3,50,000 4. Occupational health 8,50,000 5,50,000 5. Dump management 5,50,000 3,50,000 6. Miscellanous (Checkdams, 4,00,000 2,50,000 garland drains etc.) TOTAL 43,00,000 28,50,000
Total investment on environmental improvement works existing and envisaged Rs. 43.0 lac and recurring expenditure during the stage of production is Rs. 28.5 lac per year.
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CHAPTER – VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES: DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.1.1 DEFINITION
A major emergency in industry is one, which has the potential to cause serious injury or loss of life. It may cause extensive damage to property and serious disruption in work inside and outside the premises. It would normally require the assistance of emergency services to handle it effectively.
It must be realized that any incident may develop into a major emergency even with the best safety measures and programmes in any industry. Hence an emergency preparedness should be planned properly and documented for ease of implementation at the time of need without loosing time and avoiding. Chaos and confusion etc. at the hour of the need by assigning specific responsibilities to persons, who will render services in meeting emergency smoothly and effectively.
7.1.2 SCOPE
An important element of mitigation is emergency planning, i.e. recognizing that accidents are possible, assessing the consequences of such accidents and deciding on the emergency procedures, both on-site and off site, that would need to be implemented in the event of an emergency: -
– To protect mines personnel and nearby private citizens.
– To prevent or minimize damage of property or the environment.
– To render help to the person at site to provide him relief.
– To restore the affected area as soon as possible.
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– To review incident to evaluate and strengthen the emergency management response for future emergencies.
7.1.3 OBJECTIVE
The objectives of Disaster Management Plan ( DMP) is to describe the lessee‘s emergency preparedness organization, the resource availability and response actions applicable to deal with various types of emergencies that could occur at the mines with organization structure being deployed in shortest time possible during the emergency.
Thus the overall objectives of the emergency plan are summarized as:
(a) Rapid control and containment of Hazardous situation.
(b) Minimizing the Risk and impact of event/accident.
(c) Effective prevention of damage to property.
In order to achieve effectively the objectives of emergency planning, the critical elements that form the backbone of Disaster Management Plan (DMP) are:
a. Reliable and early detection of an emergency and immediate careful planning.
b. The command, co-ordination and response organization structure along with availability of efficient trained personnel.
c. The availability of resources for handling emergencies.
d. Appropriate emergency response action.
e. Effective notification and communication facilities.
f. Regular review and updating of DMP.
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g. Protect training of the concerned personnel.
Minimizing the effects may include rescue, first aid, evacuation, rehabilitation and giving information promptly to people living nearby and scrutinized information‘s to media.
7.1.4 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS
The following types of Hazards are identified at this Red Ochre, Silica Sand & China Clay Mines:
a) Fire in HEMM
b) Inundation in rainy seasson
c) Failure of slope of benches or dumps giving rise to slide of material
The Banest I Red Ochre, Silica Sand & China Clay Mines is an opencast mines operating on almost flat area with overall pit slope of 45O. This risk of slope failure is there subject to stratigraphic disposition of various rock formation coupled with prevailing hydrological conditions & pit design.
Yes, the case of fire in equipment could be a possibility and for which emergency plan must be prepared and this be controlled to quench it immediately at the source itself and not to allow it to spread. The relief to the person who might be inside the machines or standing close by is also to be considered along with revival of machines & preventing fire to spread further.
However a team of trained persons must be kept in readiness all the time, who can deal not only with fire emergency but also other emergencies if arise inside mines or off site emergency of any sort. So to deal the above emergencies, the Emergency Plan is prepared.
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7.1.5 RESPONSIBILITY
The responsibility for establishing and maintaining DMP updated is of mine Manager who is also nominated as liaison officer. He is responsible for preparation of the DMP and for ensuring that the plan and the applicable implementing procedures are reviewed and revised periodically.
Mine Manager is also responsible for training of personnel to ensure that the adequate emergency response capabilities are maintained in accordance with the plan. He is further responsible for ensuring the adequacy of conducting mock drills outlined in DMP.
He is responsible for co-ordination jobs with various site supervisors and through him with the emergency team members for morale boosting and better co-ordination and liaison with district and tehsil level Government Officers for seeking as well as rendering services for on-site and off-site disaster management as may be required.
7.2 ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING We shall discuss DMP in case of Fire applicability as under:
7.2.1 CODE OF PRACTICE IN CASE OF FIRE AT MINES Objective:-
To deal with Fire efficiently and quickly at HEMM.
Source of Fire:-
i) HEMM
ii) Diesel Pump/storage area.
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Line of Action:-
i) Any person notices any sign of fire shall start shouting FIRE, FIRE (Aag, Aag) to seek assistance and also immediately take steps to give warning by blowing the siren continuously and take steps to extinguish the fire by using appliances available near the site.
ii) Duties of Mine Official: - The Mine officials( Foreman) receiving the warning shall forthwith inform following on Phone.
a) Fire fighting station/ office – for sending fire-fighting team.
b) Security main gate – to inform senior person and to prevent un-authorized entry.
c) Mines Manager – for overall supervision and control.
After giving information reach the spot, remove Man & Machinery and take steps to tackle the fire in accordance with the fire fighting instructions. Inform at security office to get Ambulance if required.
i) Duties of Fire Fighting Team: - On receiving warning the team shall reach the site of fire and depending on its nature, class and extent shall take steps to extinguish it and rescue persons if involved in fire.
ii) Duties of Mines Manager: - (a) On receipt of information about fire the Manager shall forthwith rush to the spot and assess the extent of fire. He shall supervise the fire fighting operation and make necessary arrangement for medical aid to affected person, if any.
(b) Inform to senior officials and statutory bodies.
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7.2.2 CODE OF PRACTICE IN CASE OF INUNDATION Objective:-
To deal with the incidence efficiently and quickly.
Line of Action:-
i) Any person notices any rise in water level over danger mark or flow of Water in the working shall immediately take steps to give warning by blowing Siren and at the same time take necessary action for withdrawal of men and machinery.
ii) Duties of mine officials: - receiving the warning shall forthwith inform to following on Phone.
a) Security main gate
b) Mines Manager
c) Mines Agent
After giving information rush to the spot and take actions for safe removal of men & machinery from the site. Inform Hospital on Phone No. for Ambulance, if required.
i) Duties of Security personnel: - They shall help in safe removal of men & machinery and rescue the persons, if required.
ii) Duties of Mines Manager: -
(a) On receipt of information about inundation the Manager shall forthwith rush to the spot and supervise safe removal of affected person, if any.
(b) Inform to senior officials and statutory bodies. 7.2.3 Appointment of Personnel and Duties Effective emergency plans require that, in the event of an accident, nominated individuals be given specific responsibilities, often separate from their day-to-day activities. The two principal people are the site
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incident controller and the site main controller.
The site incident controller will take control of handling the incident. He or she will often be the person in charge of mine at the time of the incident and should provide 24-hour cover when shift operation applies. The site incident controller will have to take decisions involving neighboring area perhaps, to be involved in an escalating emergency if it is not shut down.
The responsibilities of the site incident controller include the following:
(a) To assess the scale of the incident (both for internal and external emergency services);
(b) To initiate the emergency procedures to secure the safety of employees, minimize damage to plant and property and minimize loss of material;
(c) To direct rescue and fire-fighting operations until (if necessary) the fire brigade arrives;
(d) To search for casualties;
(e) To arrange evacuation of non-essential workers to assembly areas;
(f) To set up a communications point with the emergency control center;
(g) To assume the responsibilities of the site main controller pending his arrival;
(h) To provide advice and information as requested to the emergency services.
The site main controller will be chosen from the senior management of the works with general responsibility of directing operations from the emergency control center after relieving the site incident controller of the responsibility for overall control.
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The specific responsibilities of the site main controller include;
(a) To decide (if not decided already) whether a major emergency exists or is likely, requiring the emergency services and the off-site emergency plan;
(b) To exercise direct operational control of the mines outside the affected area;
(c) Continually to review and assess possible developments to determine the most probable course of events;
(d) To assess the shutting down of all operation and then evacuation, in consultation with the site incident controller and key personnel;
(e) To ensure that casualties are receiving adequate attention;
(f) To liaise with Chief Officers of the fire and Police services and with the Mines Safety Directorate and district authorities.
(g) To control traffic movement within the mines.
(h) To arrange for a log of the emergency to be maintained;
(i) To issue authorized statements to the news media;
(j) To control rehabilitation of affected areas after the emergency.
Apart from the two site controllers, other works personnel will have key roles to play in the implementation of the emergency plan. These will include senior management of project not directly involved in the emergency, first aid, atmospheric monitoring staff, casualty reception staff and public relations staff to liaise with the media. All need to be aware at the emergency pre-planning stage of the precise nature of their roles.
7.2.4 Emergency Control Centers The emergency control center is the place from which the operations to
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handle the emergency will be directed and coordinated. The site main controller, key personnel and the senior officers of the fire and police services will attend it.
The center will be equipped to receive and transit information and directions from and to the incident controller and other areas of the works, as well as outside.
Emergency control centers will therefore contain the following:
(a) In-charge of external telephone;
(b) An adequate of internal telephones / mobiles
(c) A plan of the works, to show:
(i) Areas where there are large inventories of hazardous materials, if any;
(ii) Sources of safety equipment;
(iii) The fire-fighting system.
(iv) Site entrance and roadways, including up-to-date information on roadworks;
(v) Assembly points;
(vi) The location of the mines in relation to the surrounding community;
(vii) Lorry parks and rail sidings.
(d) Notepads, pens and pencils;
(e) A nominal roll of employees;
(f) A list of key personnel, with addresses, telephone numbers, etc. The emergency control center should be sited in an area of minimum risk.
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7.2.5 Action on Site The primary purpose of the on-site emergency plan is to control and contain the incident and to prevent it from spreading to nearby area. It is not possible to cover every eventuality in the plan and the successful handling of the emergency will depend on appropriate action and decisions being taken on the spot. Other important aspects needing to be considered include the following:
(a) Evacuation:
Non-essential personnel will be evacuated from the incident area and also from adjacent area. Evacuation should be to a predetermined assembly point in a safe part of the works.
(b) Accounting for personnel:
It is important to be able to account for personnel during an emergency. The number of workers present should always be made available. The area should be properly cardoned and exact record of movement of persons should be made, so as to know the affected persons. No un-authorized persons or visitors are allowed to enter the area.
(c) Access to records:
The time office has to function properly with handy records of persons on duty. This will be necessary in order that relatives of any causality can be quickly informed.
(d) Public relations:
Any incident will attract the interest of the media and a major
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accident is likely to involve widespread radio and television coverage. Unless appropriate arrangements are made, this can divert personnel from the task of handling the emergency. It is essential to make arrangements for the authoritative release of information during any emergency of significant length and a senior manager or member of the staff should be appointed as the sole source of this information. Inquiries made to other employees should be directed to this appointed person.
(e) Rehabilitation:
The emergency will continue until all fires have been extinguished with no risk of re-ignition and gas cloud safety dispersed. Care is required when re-entering the incident area. The local factory inspectorate may wish to initiate an inquiry and should be consulted regarding the collection of evidence before it is disturbed.
7.2.6 Rehearsing Emergency Procedures To remain in full prepared all the time and to mock trials should be held at regular intervals, without any prior intimation to the Disaster Management team/squad. Training if needed must also be imparted to keep persons updated.
7.2.7 Post Disaster Analysis and Evaluation When the emergency is over, the team will carry out a detailed analysis of the causes of the accident, evaluate the influence of various factors and minimize them for future. At the same time, the adequacy of the Disaster Preparedness Plan will be evaluated and shortcomings will be rectified for subsequent improvement of the plan.
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7.3 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING 7.3.1 Introduction The off-site emergency plan is an integral part of any hazard control system. It should be based on those accidents identified by the Mines management, which could affect people and the environment outside the Mines. Thus, the off-site plan follows logically from the analysis that took place to provide the basis for the on-site plan and the two plans should therefore complement each other. The key feature of a good off-site emergency plan is flexibility in its application to emergencies other than those specifically included in the formation of the plan. The roles of the various parties that may be involved in the implementation of an off-site plan are described below. The responsibility for the off-site plan will be likely to rest either with the site management or with the local authority.
Either way, the plan must identify an emergency coordinating officer who would take overall command of the off-site activities. As with the on-site plan, an emergency control center will be required within which the emergency coordinating officer can operate. An early decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people living ― within range‖ of the accident – in particular whether they should be evacuated or told to go indoors. Consideration of evacuation may include the following factors:
a. In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank b. But if the fire is escalating it might be necessary to evacuate people nearby, but only if there is time; if insufficient time exists, people should be advised to stay indoors and shield them from the fire.
Mining lease is a continuous working mine. At the time of temporary discontinuance of mine, notice (as per Rule 24 of MCDR, 1988 & Reg.6 of MMR, 1961) will be sent to IBM and mines Safety authorities. Notice will be
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accompanied as per Rule 24 of MCDR, 1988, vide, Form no.D-1.All precautionary steps will be taken into account in respect of care and maintenance.
7.3.2 Aspects to be included in an off-site Emergency Plan
Some of the aspects to be included in off-site emergency plan are as follows: 7.3.2.1 Organization
Details of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures, emergency control centers Name and appointments of incident controller, site main controller, their deputies and other key personnel.
7.3.2.2 Communications
Identification of personnel involved, communication center, call signs, network, list of telephone numbers. 7.3.2.3 Special Emergency Equipment
Details of availability and location of heavy lifting gear, bulldozers, specified fire-fighting equipment, fireboats.
7.3.2.4 Voluntary Organizations
Details of organizers, telephone numbers, resources, etc.
7.3.2.5 Chemical information
Details of the hazardous substances, if any, stored or processed on each site and a summary of the risks associated with them.
7.3.2.6 Meteorological information
Arrangements for obtaining details of weather conditions prevailing at the time and weather forecasts.
7.3.2.7 Humanitarian Arrangements
Transport, evacuation centers, emergency feeding, treatment of injured,
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first aid, ambulances, temporary mortuaries. 7.3.2.8 Public Information
Arrangements for
(a) Dealing with the media-press office
(b) Informing relatives, etc.
7.3.2.9 Assessment
Arrangements for
(c) Collecting information on the causes of the emergency
(d) Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.
7.3.3 Role of the Emergency Coordinating Officer
The various emergency services will be coordinated by an emergency coordinating officer (ECO) who is likely to be a senior police officer but, depending on the circumstances, could be a senior fire officer. The ECO will liaise closely with the site main controller. Again depending on local arrangements, for very severe incidents with major or prolonged off-site consequences, the external control may pass to a senior local authority administrator or even an administrator appointed by the Central or State Government.
7.3.4 Roles of major Hazard Works Managements
Where the local authority has the organization to formulate the plan, the role of works managements in off-site emergency planning will be to establish liaison with those preparing the plans and to provide information appropriate to such plans. This will include a description of possible on-site accidents with potential for off-site harm, together with their consequences
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and an indication of the relative likelihood of the accidents. Advice should be provided by works managements to all the outside organizations which may become involved in handling the emergency off- site and which will need previously to have familiarized themselves with some of the technical aspects of the works activities, e.g. emergency services, medical departments, etc.
7.3.5 Role of the local authority
In some places the duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authorities. They may have appointed an emergency planning officer (EPO) to carryout all this duty as part of the EPO‘s roles in preparing for a whole range of different emergencies within the local authority area. The EPO will need to liaise with the works to obtain the information to provide the basis for the plan.
Rehearsals for off-site plans are important for the same reasons as on-site plans and will need to be organized by the EPO.
7.3.6 Role of the Police
The police normally assume the overall control of an emergency, with a senior officer designated as emergency coordinating officer. Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property and controlling traffic movements.
The functions include controlling bystanders, evacuating the public, identifying the dead and dealing with casualties and informing relatives of dead or injured.
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7.3.7 Role of the Fire Authorities
The control of a fire is normally the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer who would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at the site. The senior fire brigade officer may also have a similar responsibility for other events, such as explosions and toxic releases. Fire authorities having major hazard works in their area should have familiarized themselves with the location on site of all stores of flammable materials, water and foam supply points and fire-fighting equipments.
7.3.8 Role of the Health authorities
Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals, ambulances and so on, have a vital part to play following a major accident and they should form an integral part of any emergency plan. For major fires, injuries will be the result of the effects of thermal radiation to a varying degree and the knowledge and experience to handle this in all, but extreme, cases may be generally available in most hospitals.
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CHAPTER – VIII PROJECT BENEFIT 8.1 INTRODUCTION This is a proposal for the production of Red Ochre – 4,00,000 TPA , China Clay – 4,00,000 TPA and Silica Sand – 10,00,000 TPA from Banesti – I Mine (Lease area 113.31 ha.) at Near Village Banesti, Tehsil & District – Chittorgarh (Raj.), by Applicant Mohd. Sher Khan.
Initially, the Banesti-I mining lease (ML no.5/97) for mineral China Clay & Red Ochre near village Banesti, Tehsil & Dist – Chittorgarh over an area of 48.56 hect., in favour of Sh. Mohd. Sher Khan S/o Shri Gulbaz Khan Pathan resident of village and P.O. Sawa Dist. - Chittorgarh was renewed for the second time vide Directorate order no. DMG/CHITTOR/CC-6/P.1(1)5/97/103- 113 dated 26.02.2000, for a period of 20 years i.e. from 25.06.1998 to 24.06.2018 and that mineral silica sand was included in the said mining lease vide Directorate order dated 15.07.2002 for which rider agreement was executed on 15.11.2000. Therefore now the said mining lease is effective for mineral China Clay, Red Ochre & Silica Sand up to 24.06.2018.
Another mining lease (ML No. 10/2000) for mineral China Clay & Red Ochre near village Banesti, Tehsil & Dist – Chittorgarh, over an area of 64.75 Hect., in favour of the above mentioned lessee and was renewed for the first time vide Directorate order no. DMG/CHITTOR/CC-3/P1 (1)10/2000/3691-3701 dated 29.11.2001, for a period of twenty years i.e. from 23.12.2001 to 22.12.2021. The renewal mining lease deed was executed on 05.02.2002 and registered on 12.02.2002.
The lessee applied for amalgamation of both lease on dated 25.1.2003 and Director, Deptt. Of Mines & Geology, Rajasthan sanctioned the applied Amalgamation of both aforesaid mining leases vide their order No.
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DMG/Chittor/CC-3/Ren./P-1 (1)5/97/2073 dated 27.08.2003 with conditions. (Refer Annexure No. 1 to 3).
8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE The lease area falls partly under government waste land and partly under Pvt. Ag. land and mining will be carried out in the area. The mining activity will generate a lot of socioeconomic benefits to the people of the area. There will be generation of employment to the local people as well as their earning will also be increased. Additional facilities such as medical, educational and transportation will be made available to the local population. There will be positive impact on population by way of employment, housing, education, medical and transportation facilities, economic status, health and agriculture. Literacy rate may go up. Local people may be taken into confidence.
8.3 IMPROVEMENT IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE There will be mining activities in this region. Though there is local population available but due to increase in demand or increase in mining activity, there is possibility of migration of labour from the surrounding areas. For this reason there will be increase in the human settlement in the area. Due to increased revenue earnings in the area there will be development of infrastructural facilities such as transport, road, housing, schools as well as hospitals. Due to improved earning there will be improvement in the entertainment facilities and marketing facilities with the improvement in social status.
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8.4 HEALTH & SAFETY Proper health & safety measures will be taken while mining. All safety measures like use of safety appliances, safety awards, posters, slogans related to safety etc. Safety equipments shall be provided to the workers like helmets, safety boots, ear plug, safety belts, dust masks etc. Periodical health check up of the employees shall be done. First Aid organisation in mines including training and retraining of First Aiders shall be done. Periodical training programme to inform the employees about their task, associated risk and safe working practices will be undertaken. Training will also include information on accident prevention, proper control and maintenance of equipment and safe material handling practices. Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water etc. Green belt in and around the mining area will be developed to attenuate noise and dust impacts.
8.5 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL In the mine number of skilled and unskilled local workers will be employed. The project will generate direct employment and indirect employment. The employment potential due to the proposed project is given as under. Designation Qualification Number Mine Manager First Class Mine Manager‘s Certificate of 01 Competency Asstt. Mine Manager First/ second Class Mine Manager‘s Certificate 01 Mining Engineer B E Mining Engg. As per 42 of MCDR 1988 01 Mine Foreman Forman certificate 01 Mining Mate Mining Mate‘s certificate 02 Excavatior operator Trained 06 Dumper drivers Driving Licence holder for Heavy Duty vehicles 28 Tractor / Jeep Driver Driving Licence holder 04 Office asstt. / store Graduate 01 clerk Helpers Semi – skilled 05 Labour Experienced 08 Total 58
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8.6 CONCLUSION The project will generate a fair amount of direct, indirect and induced employment in the study region. The local economy will receive a boost due to employee spending and services generated by Applicant Mohd. Sher Khan.
The overall effect will improve buying power of employees and thus a higher standard of living viz. better education, improved health and sanitation facilities housing and acquisition of consumer durable. This is envisaged as a major positive benefit.
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CHAPTER – IX ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
9.0 INTRODUCTION The Environmental Impact Assessment presented in previous chapter is based on the control measures. It is concluded that the mining activities having substantial, but reversible impact on environment and the suggestive measures should be taken so as to minimize the impacts.
The Environmental Management Plan has been developed with a view to bring down the levels of impacts as discussed in the last chapter within limits. In each of the areas of impact, measures have to be taken to reduce potentially significant adverse impacts and where these are beneficial in nature, such impacts are to be enhanced/augmented so that the overall adverse impacts are reduced to as low level as possible. Measures to be taken for each of the impact areas are detailed in the following paras:
9.1 LAND RECLAMATION There was no proposal of reclamation of mined out pit during the mining.
9.2 WASTE MANAGEMENT 9.2.1 Disposal of waste and backfilling During the mining overburden so generated will be consist of soil with scree (0.3 to 0.6m) of no use. It will be dumped separately at proposed dump site in adjoining lease area. At the end of mining scheme period about 15.00 ha. (10m height) area will be covered under dump in the adjoining lease area and at the end of lease period / minelife total 15.00 ha. (20m height) will be covered under dump. Total estimated OB/waste generated during life of mine will be around 14.28 lakh Cum. Dumps will be fully stabilized with plantation and grasses along the slops.
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9.2.2 Post Mining Land use pattern As mentioned in above para, worked out area will not be backfilled. Therefore, the pit at the end of mining will be converted to a water reservoir for collection of rain water and this rain water will recharge ground water and also be used for irrigation purpose. The green belt and other undisturbed areas forming part of the green belt are planted systematically as a continued activity from present and completed by the end of lease period. The cumulative break-up of disturbed, afforested lands stages wise is given in Table 9.1.
TABLE – 9.1 LAND USE IN DIFFERENT STAGES (IN HECT.) Land: Stage Wise use land use Area (Ha.) Land use S. Mined out Water Year Disturbed Afforested Afforested on old No. benches reservoir/ dump voids 1. Present 43.164 2.120 Nil Nil Nil End of scheme 1.02 2. 79.279 4.620 Nil Nil period 3. End of Mine life 85.340 20.00 15.00 19.07 43.47
TABLE -9.2 LAND USE PATTERN AT THE END OF MINE LIFE (IN HECT.) POST MINING LAND USE OF CORE ZONE WITH ENV. MANAGEMNET S. Reclaimed/ Description Area in Hect. % of Total No. Rehabilitated 1. Afforestation 20.00 19.99 2. Dump 15.00 13.23 3. Under structure/Built-up 0.58 0.51 4. Water reservoir 43.47 38.36 43.47 5. Mined out Benches 19.07 16.82 19.07 6. Agriculture Land 15.19 13.40 - Total 113.31 100% 62.54
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By the end of lease period about 7.32ha. will be covered under water reservoir and by the end of life of mine about 43.47ha. area will be covered under water reservoir. The abandon pit will be fenced & plantation will be done all around the ultimate pit. Attempt will be made to give gentle slope (150) at least in few places in the pit for access of people to the reservoir water for installation of Ag. Pump etc.
9.2.3 PRECAUTIONS FOR CONFINEMENT OF DUMPS TO PREVENT TO POLLUTION SURFACE WATER BODIES / COURSES. a) Dumps shall be terraced by forming a bench of 3.0m width and height each. Side wall shall be maintained a final angle of repose of 300. This will provide a final angle of dump at 270. b) A sutable stone wall of 1 m x 1m x 1m will be made at bottom side of the dump to stabilize the dump and prevent flow of material. c) A sump of size 2mx2mx2m deep shall be made about 10 m away on down slope of the waste dumpsite so that any silt flowing through the dump in the rainy season gets settled in it and does pollute the Ag. Fields & working site. A drain shall be dug to course the water in and out of the sump. 9.2.4 STACKING OF TOP SOIL
No top soil will be generated therefore no soil management is required.
9.2.5 PLANTATION The main aim of plantation of mined out areas is to stabilize the land, to protect it from erosion and provide an aesthetic landscape.
Keeping the master plan at abandoned stage in mine the stage wise plantation shall be done. Schedule of plantation in lease area, in addition to that already planted shall be carried out as given in Table 9.3.
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TABLE – 9.3 SCHEDULE OF PLANTATION (stage wise) AREA IN HECT. YEAR NO. OF REMARKS Mined out STAGE Afforested Dump TREES benches Present 4.620 -- -- 4600 Green belt; Existing Afforestation on barren area, along road. 5th Year 5.120 -- -- 51,00 Green belt; Afforestation on barren area, along road, End Of 54.07 15.00 19.07 54,000 Green belt; Afforestation on Lease Mine barren area, dump area & Life mined out benches.
Afforestation is being done under the supervision of experienced horticulturists and guidance of local forest authorities. Planting and sowing operations are followed up with adequate post plantation care, which includes replacement of casualties. Weeding, soil working, manuring, watering, protection from grazing etc. The list of species that have been successfully grown under similar site conditions and being planted are given in Table – 9.4.
TABLE – 9.4 PLANTATION SPECIES S. SPECIES LOCAL S. SPECIES LOCAL No. SCIENTIFIC NAME NAME No SCIENTIFIC NAME NAME Fruit Trees 1 Mangifera indica Mango 2 Syzygium cuminii Jamun 3 Psidium guajava Guava 4 Phyllanthus sp. Amla 5 Punica granatum Pomegranate Other Species 1 Azadirachta indica Neem 2 Jatrapha Ratanjyot 3 Cassia fistula Amaltas 4 Ficus religiosa Pipal 5 Delonix regia Gulmohar
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9.2.6 PLANTING METHODOLOGY 9.2.6.1 Trees The plantation shall be done in pits. Pits of about 50-cm diameter shall be dug in grid of 3m x 3m up to a depth of 0.5 m. The pits shall be refilled with topsoil after planting the samplings. The samplings of healthy, nursery raised, seedlings in polythene containers shall be transported in baskets. Planting shall be done after first monsoon showers.
The level of the soil shall be about 10 cm above the general ground level. The soil around the plant shall be pressed to form a low trough. About 25 gm of chemical fertilizer shall be added in ring of 25-cm radius around the plant. Watering shall be continued after plantation if any dry spell follows. Cleaning and weeding shall be done twice during first and once during following season. Planted area shall be inspected and mortality rate ensured for each species. The dead and dying plants shall be replaced by fresh seedlings.
The method adopted for fruit trees would be same as given above. Manure, chemical fertilizer and insecticide would be used more liberally i.e. twice as much as for other trees. The frequency of weeding and cleaning would also be increased to three in the first year and two in the second year. 9.2.6.2 Shrubs Small pits of 30 cm x 30 cm would be dug before the rains. Soon after the rains set in, surplus plants from the adjoining areas would be dug out along with roots and earth around them and transported to site carefully. The shoots of shrubs would first be trimmed with garden scissors at a height of about 45 cm from the ground level, leaving only few leaves (in the lower portion), to minimize water loss due to
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transpiration from leaves. The shrub will be planted in the pits and refilled with soil mixed with 3 kg. of farmyard manure.
The planting spacing shall be 1.5 m x 1.5 m. Weeding will generally not be needed.
9.2.7 NURSERY Success of afforestation measures at site will depend on investigation of soil, selection of suitable species to be grown and a good planting stock. Afforestation will be carried out in accordance with an elaborate timetable to be drawn up for sowing and plantation depending upon the afforestation requirements and species to be planted. The relevant works for the success of reclamation and afforestation activities will be carried out after consultation with people of forest deptt.
9.2.8 PROTECTION OF PLANTATION SITES The reclaimed and afforested areas have to be protected from cattle menace, human interference, soil erosion, plant diseases, etc. Check bunds, masonry chutes, protected drains, etc. will be constructed wherever required to control and regulate the water flow to prevent soil erosion and washing away of nutrients. Plants will be protected from diseases by the application of proper pesticides. Soil workings, manuring etc. will be done whenever necessary. Plants will be protected from cattle menace and human interference by providing fencing and proper watch and ward.
9.3 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES The future mining operations are not anticipated to raise the concentration of the pollutants beyond prescribed limits. However, the following
measures would be adopted to mitigate the PM10 levels in ambient air.
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9.3.1 MEASURES TO PREVENT GENERATION & DISPERSAL OF DUST Dust particles that are normally generated during various mining
operations when become airborne lead to increase in PM10 level in the ambient air. Another source of dust generation is the transport of material by dumpers. Adequate control measures are being taken during mining operations as well as transportation of Minerals. Dust suppression by water spraying is adopted on the haul roads.
9.2.2 MEASURES TO CONTROL POLLUTION DUE TO THE AIRBORNE DUST In addition to the control measures taken during mining and transport operations, following steps are being adopted to prevent air pollution due to airborne dust. Green belts are being developed around the dust generation points. Trees would be planted on both sides of roads used for transportation to arrest dust.
Afforestation around the mine to filter out the dust and preventing it from reaching the residential areas.
Reclamation and afforestation of mined out area as per schedule with minimum gap between excavation and reclamation to fix the dust and prevent its getting airborne.
Dust mask provided to the workers engaged at dust generation points like excavations, loading and unloading points.
9.4 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES The noise level monitoring carried out in the area has indicated that the present noise levels near the lease boundary are generally within limits. The deployment of various machines for excavation, transport and other auxiliary operations have increased the noise levels but are
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naturally attenuated within lease area itself. Additional measures are being taken to further reduce the noise levels.
9.4.1 MEASURES TO REDUCE AMBIENT NOISE LEVELS The following control measures are being taken to keep the ambient noise levels well within limits:
* A tree belt is being developed around the periphery of the mine to attenuate the noise levels.
* Trees would be planted on both sides of roads being used for transport of men and material.
* Proper maintenance of noise generating machinery including the transport vehicles.
* Provision of silencers to reduce the engine noise of machines.
9.4.2 MEASURES TO PROTECT WORKERS FROM HIGH NOISE LEVELS & VIBRATION CONTROL MEASURES
The following measures are being taken to protect the workers from exposure to higher noise levels:
* Provision of protective devices like ear muffs, ear plugs, etc.
* Reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels by job rotation.
9.5 GROUND VIBRATION CONTROL MEASURES No drilling and blasting is being done as it is not required.
9.6 WATER POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES 9.6.1 SURFACE WATER Since the major cause of surface water pollution during opencast mining activities is the wash off from freshly excavated areas, the programme to prevent water pollution shall focus on controlling wash
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off from these areas. Adequate control measures have been taken to check, not only the wash off from the freshly excavated areas and soil erosion, but also uncontrolled flow of mine water (during monsoon) into these nallahs.
A garland drain shall be made to carry away rainwater of the catchments area surrounding the working to the natural nallahs. The drain shall be lined with stone masonry and shall be of adequate size to carry the storm water without overflow.
Other measures are : Toe walls shall be provided to prevent wash off and sliding of material from mine excavated areas.
A water gradient of about 1 in 200 shall be kept at every bench towards inside of the bench to prevent formation of gully in the bench shape causing soil erosion.
9.6.2 GROUND WATER There would not be any adverse impact on the ground water quality due to mining. The mineral formation do not contain any harmful element, which could percolate into the ground and pollute the ground water. Hence, no control measures are required. However, regular monitoring of water levels and quality in the existing wells in the vicinity would be carried out both with reference to area spread and times intervals to study the hydrodynamics of the strata.
9.7 MEASURES TO IMPROVE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS The overall impact of Banesti – I mine on the socio-economics of the area has been a very positive one, in that not only it has generated considerable employment for local population but it has also given a
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good boost to the general economy of the area. Creation of several hundred comparatively well paid jobs in the area has boosted household employment, as also general trade, in the tertiary sector. The Mine has also boosted trade in the supply of spares, in engineering jobs on contract, as well as in civil works.
9.7.1 EMPLOYMENT The mining operations will regularly employ about 58 local persons. Preference is given to the local population while inducting any manpower.
9.7.2 BUSINESS PROMOTION While off loading the jobs to outside parties the lessee gives preference to the local people.
The animal husbandry, which is already well established in the area will get a further boost as the demand of milk, meat etc. will increase due to influx of population related to the mining activities. It will improve the economic conditions of the people and will enable them to improve their livestock quality through improved animal husbandry practices.
9.7.3 COMMUNICATION & TRANSPORT Communication facilities will be created such as approach roads, telephone, mobile services and provide transportation by jeep & mini bus to reach near by post offices and amenities like schools, hospitals, market centers etc. which will be benefit the local population.
9.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING The monitoring of pollutants in the mine is being carried out as follows: Air monitoring
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Water monitoring Noise monitoring Soil testing
A private agency will take care of all the monitoring needs of the mine.
9.8.1 AIR MONITORING Works zone ambient air monitoring in mine area is conducted once in a quarter from the following operations : Excavations Loading Transportation(Haul road) Ambient air monitoring in the surrounding areas is carried out half yearly at Eight locations surrounding the lease area. The sampling and analysis is carried out as per relevant statutory specifications. The analysis results of air monitoring are kept as record and submitted to the statutory authorities from time to time.
9.8.2 WATER MONITORING The water samples of wells and tube wells etc. in and around the mining area are tested at half yearly intervals. The analysis is carried out as per relevant specifications.
9.8.3 NOISE Noise measurement of mine equipment is done twice in year. In case of overhauling of major equipment noise measurement is taken before and after overhaul. The workplace and surrounding noise levels are monitoring every six months.
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9.8.4 SOIL SAMPLING Soil samples are tested before and after plantation of the areas on yearly & regular basis.
9.9 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH Occupational safety and health is very closely related to productivity and good employer-employee relationship. The main factors of occupational health in Red Ochre, China Clay & Silica Sand mine are fugitive dust and noise. Safety of employee during mining operation and maintenance of mining equipment will be taken care as per Mines Act. To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to dust, heat, noise and vibration sufficient measures have been provided in the mining project. These include: Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water, fans, toilets etc. Provision of personal protection devices to the workers. Rotation of workers exposed to noisy areas. Dust suppression on haul road. First-aid facilities in the mining area.
Additionally, the health status of workers in the mine shall be regularly monitored under an occupational surveillance programme. Under this programme, all the employees are subjected to a detailed medical examination at the time of employment. The medical examination covers the following tests. General Physical Examination and Blood Pressure X-ray Chest and ECG Sputum Examination Detailed Routine Blood and Urine examination
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The medical histories of all employees are maintained in a standard format. Thereafter, the employees are subject to medical examination on annual basis. The above tests keep upgrading the database of medical history of the employees. Comprehensive report of health status of the workers & Photgraphs.- Enclosed as annexure-XIX
9.10 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.10.1 GENERAL The complete mining operation is carried out under the management control and direction of qualified Mines Manager. The Directorate General Of Mines Safety (DGMS), Dhanbad have issued a number of standing orders, model standing orders and circulars to be followed by the mine managements in case of disaster, if any.
However, following natural/industrial hazards may occur during normal operation. Filling up of mine pit due to flood / excessive rains Slope failures at the mine faces Accident due to heavy mining equipment.
9.10.2 MINE INUNDATION 9.10.2.1 Causes of inundation Inundation in opencast mine is broadly caused due to the following reasons: Water Table The natural ground water table become a source of inundation when the working cut across the water table. The severity of inundation depends on:
The structure and size of the water table reservoir; and Permeability and the structure of the formation which is being excavated.
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Adjoining Water Sources In this case inundation is caused when the barrier in between the working and adjoining water sources such as reservoirs, ponds, rivers, etc. gets breached or when impermeable barriers are removed.
Rainfall The inundation problem due to rainfall is directly related to the surface area under excavation, its topographical position relative to adjoining area and the intensity of the rainfall.
9.10.2.2 Assessment of inundation Water Table The working of pits has a deepest point at 420 mRL and with the proposed working it will reach upto 360 mRL up to lease period (Yr.2020). The water table is 70-75m (345-350mRL) .
Adjoining Water Sources There is no large storage of water in or adjoining the mine area and the mining operations are not likely to go close to any surface water body at any point of time. Hence no inundation due to flow of water from any adjoining water body is anticipated.
Rainfall The area is characterized as sub-humid with an annual rainfall varying from 750 mm Avg. at Chittorgarh. The rainfall is received mainly during monsoon period between 15th June to 15th September. Taking into consideration the topography of the area, no accumulation of rainwater is envisaged at the working faces and mining activities are not likely to be affected by accumulated water. Moreover, the drainage system to be developed, for
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collecting water in the sump for consumption in the project, shall effectively control any sudden inrush of rainwater.
9.10.3 DISASTER PREVENTION MEASURES In order to take care of above hazard / disasters the following control measures have been envisaged : Checking and regular maintenance of garland drains and earthen bunds to avoid any inflow of surface water in the mine pit.
Provision of high capacity pumps for pumping out water from the mining pit.
Entry of unauthorized persons will be prohibited. Fire fighting and first aid provision shall be kept in the mines office complex and mining area.
Safety equipment such as safety boots, helmets, goggles etc. will be made available to the employees and regular checked for their use.
Training and refresher courses for all the employees working in the mine. Working of mine as per approved plan and regularly updating the mine plans.
Regular cleaning of mine faces.
Regular maintenance and testing of all mining equipment as per manufacture‘s guidelines.
Suppression of dust on the haulage roads.
Increasing the awareness of safe practices through competitions, posters and other similar drive.
As a precautionary measures before onset of monsoon, garland drain is developed to divert water from outside the mining area. The rainwater thus diverted is coursed to natural nallahs or collected in the sumps. This helps to control the inflow of water from the virgin areas into the
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mine workings. The floors of different benches are gently sloped so that working remain water free.
9.10.4 TRAINING AND HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT Though stress shall be on appointing qualified and experienced personal in various disciplines, it shall also be ensured that they are adequately trained for the jobs expected of them. For this basic training shall be given to raw and new appointees, whereas refresher training shall be given to others keeping in view provisions of Mines Vocational Training Rules 1966.
The training of mine personnel will be conducted regularly with respect to environmental protection. Training facilities are envisaged in the mine site. Specialized courses will be arranged for afforestation, re- vegetation, reclamation etc. in various Institutes & organizations.
Training & human resource development is not a single time function but a continuous requirement to up-date and improve the skills of employees. Hence, in addition to whatever statutory training is required, the lessee looks forward to continue the process by way of participative trained of the personnel in various workshops, seminars training courses organized by manufactures /professional agencies.
9.11 ENVIRONEMENT POLICY Progressive and popular minerals (P) Limited, Sawa, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) through its Director Mohammad Sher Khan, the Lessee of Banesti-1st Mine (M.L.No.-05/1997) is committed to achieving an excellent standerd of environmental performance in all its Mining and business activites. In particular, Progressive and Popular Minerals (P) Limited Sawa through its Director Mohammad Sher Khan will : Integrate environmental management into all facets of its mining activities.
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Ensure that all employees and contractors are informed about this policy and made aware of employees and contractors are informed about this Policy and made aware of their environmental responsibilities in relation to the mining activies. Inform and consult with the community about the Company‘s mining activities and projects. Mange the environmental risks on a site- specific basis to achieve planned environmental outcomes. Comply with all application environmental laws and regulations as a minimum standard. Continually strive to improve overall environmental performance. Identify opportunities for the efficient use of energy and water, minimizing waste and reducing the company‘s environmental footprint. Contribute to conservation of biodiversity and integrated approaches to land use planning. Rehabilitate sites or areas disturbed by its mining activities to comply with the applicable Environmental Management Plan.
9.12 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL Apart from having an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring its effective implementation. 1. FOR MAINTENANCE & REPAIR OR POLLUTION CONTROL DEVICE, MAINTENANCE CREW SHALL BE TAKEN FROM PRIVATE AGENCY.
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This Lessee will undertake to monitor the environmental pollution levels by measuring ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise levels etc., by appointing external agencies. The company proposes to continue the monitoring in future also to ensure that the pollution is limited to allowable values and to take corrective action if required.
In case the monitored results of environmental pollution are found to exceed the allowable values, the Environmental Management Cell will suggest remedial action and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned departments.
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The Environmental Management Cell will also co-ordinate all the related activities such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the region, afforestation and green belt development.
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CHAPTER – X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
10.1 INTRODUCTION Success of any environmental management programme depends upon the efficiency of the organizational set up responsible for the implementation of the programme. Regular monitoring of the various environmental parameters is also necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the management programme so that necessary corrective measures can be taken in case there are some drawback in the proposed programme. Since environmental quality parameters at work zone are important for maintaining safety the monitoring work forms part of safety measures also.
10.2 AVAILABLITY OF FUNDS FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MEASURES 10.2.1 Funds for Green Belt Protection The management of Banesti – I mine is very conscious to minimize the existing pollution load in the lease area. A thick canopy cover of green belt is being developed as discussed in the earlier chapters. Over 600 numbers of trees/year will be planted for environmental protection measures. A recurring amount of Rs. 3,50,000 will be spent every year.
10.2.2 Funds for Dust Suppression Water is spread around the mining area through pipes laid down on tankers to control the dust suppression. An amount of Rs. 3,00,000 will be spent every year on dust suppression measures.
10.3 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE The implementation of these mitigation measures, it is important to monitor various environmental parameters so as to ensure proper working of all the environmental of control measures. This section presents the monitoring
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schedule and infrastructural requirement for environmental protection in Table 10.1, as given below: TABLE- 10.1 MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS Particulars Monitoring Duration of Important Monitoring Parameters Frequencies Station Surface water / Once in a year Grab pH, SS, TDS, Iron, Hardness, Tube well Alkalinity Chlorides, Nitrates Sulphate & Fluorides
Ambient air Once in a 24 hr. PM10, PM2.5, SOx and NOx monitoring quarter. Noise Pollution Once in a - Level in dB(A) and dB(C) quarter Working Once in a year - PH, Conductivity, Sulphate, Nitrate, environment Phosphates, Alkalinity & texture.
10.4 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
The Table 10.2 give overall investment on the environmental safeguards and recurring expenditure for successful monitoring and implementation of control measures.
TABLE- 10.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (Investment and recurring cost Rs. Lakh) Sl. No Particulars Capital cost Recurring cost / annum 1. Pollution control 12,00,000 8,00,000 2. Pollution monitoring 8,00,000 5,50,000 3. Green belt on virgin area 5,00,000 3,50,000 4. Occupational health 8,50,000 5,50,000 5. Dump management 5,50,000 3,50,000 6. Miscellanous (Checkdams, 4,00,000 2,50,000 garland drains etc.) TOTAL 43,00,000 28,50,000
Total investment on environmental improvement works existing and envisaged Rs. 43.0 lac and recurring expenditure during the stage of production is Rs. 28.50 lac per year.
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10.5 RECOMMENDATION M/s UDAIPUR MIN-TECH PVT. LTD. survey reveals that the management is providing continual improvement of Environment. The air environment and other emissions are regularly sprinkled with water . The management has provided ear muffs and helmets to the workers in the mine and stress on its utilization.
The regular medical check-up of workers is to be carried out. Green belt development is to be stressed and workers must be motivated for plantation care.
The general environmental awareness is given to the local workers. Regular maintenance of vehicle is carried out. Slogans of Environment, health & safety are recommended for display.
The verbal interactions with neighboring villagers reveals that due to sever drought conditions from last four years the ground water level has fallen down. Hence significantly no impact is there due to mining activity. However, the mine is operative since many years, but no significant problems are reported by the villagers. The management must keenly celebrate the importance of World Environment Day to create awareness amongst the workers. Conservation of soil and water must be emphasized not only at works but also at their own place. With implementation of Environment management plan and providing continual improvement the mine may be accorded environmental clearance.
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CHAPTER – XI CONSULTANTS ENGAGED (RQP/UDP/354/2009/B)
The consultant engaged for the preparation of the EIA/EMP of the project are M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.. The information about the company with address are follows:
INTRODUCTION:
Realizing the need for multi disciplinary and pragmatic approach to mine development and mine environment management, a few dedicated Mining engineers & Geo-scientists with decades of practical experience started M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. company as a consultancy organization in 1994 registered as company with the Registrar of Companies, Rajasthan and got recognized (RQP/UDP/354/2009/B) from Indian Bureau of Mines, Ministry of Mines, Govt. of India and ISO 9001:2008, 14001:2004, & 18001:2007 Certified Company and accreditation by NABET ―A‘‘ category for open cast mines. Today it has grown not only to handle anything in mining of non-fuel minerals but ready to face any challenging environmental assignment in the field of mining industry and modification of varied industries and environmental clearance of diverse industries. M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. provides services in the field of environmental impact assessment and management for mining industries.
OUR SERVICES : We provide wide range of services. These include :-
At Mining Services :-
--- Evolution of Mineral property and feasibility studies. ---- Preparation of Mining Plan, Scheme of Mining with Mine Closure
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Plan(Progressive & Final) as per MCR 60, MCDR 88 & GCDR 1999. ---- Up gradation & Processing of Non Metallic Minerals.
At Environmental Services :
---- EIA / EMP report. ----- Monitoring of ambient air quality, Stack emissions, Work zone air quality, Source monitoring and Control. ----- Monitoring of water, Waste water, Pollution source identification and control process. ----- Monitoring of Soil quality, Noise level, Solid waste or Sludge quality. ----- Environmental audit, Industrial risk assessment and risk management and hazardous waste management.
ACHIEVEMENTS :-
M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. in a short period after its establishment has prepared more than 1000 Mining Plan and Scheme with Progressive Mine Closure/Final Plan of various minerals in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Himchal Pardesh & M.P. and more than 950 of them have already approved from IBM-Udaipur/Dehradoon/Ajmer/ Nagpur, Deptt. Of Mines & Geology- Rajasthan, Deptt. Of Geology & Mining –Gandhinagar (Gujarat).
UMTPL has prepared during year 2000-01 to 2010-11, more than 150 EIA/EMP report of various major mineral mines for MOEF, New Delhi , SEIAA –Jaipur , SEIAA-Gandhinagar, SEIAA-Shimla, SEIAA-Maharastra, SEIAA- U.P., SEIAA-Haryana & Panjab and 100 of them have already secured approval & Environmental clearance. The 25 EMP in cluster approved from Dist. Level Environment Committee in Rajasthan as per RMMCR -2012.
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The UMTPL has also prepared during year 2012-13, more than 50 EC caes of minor mineral mines for SEIAA-Jaipur, SEIAA-Gandhinagar, SEIAA-Shimla, SEIAA-Haryana & Panjab & SEIAA-Mumbai.
THE CORE TEAM :-
The key persons of team are:-
1) Mr. S. S. BIST– M.Sc. (Geology), M.Tech. (Applied Geology) & PG Diploma in Environment & Ecology, RQP(IBM), MMGI, FGSI etc. having 20 years professional experience of survey and geological mapping, prospecting & mine planning for various non-metallic/metallic minerals, preparation of pre- feasibility& feasibility report, preparation of Mining plan/Scheme of Mining with PMCP/FMCP, Preparation of EIA/EMP report and mining of Granite, Marbles etc.
2) Mr. B. L. MOD- Diploma in Mining and AMIE(Mining) with First Class Mine Manager Certificate of competency (Unrestricted), Certified Mine Surveyor‘s Certificate of competency (Unrestricted), RQP(IBM), MMGI, C.Engg. MIE, MMEA, having 45 years working experience in field of mining viz underground as well as opencast mine of various metallic and non-metallic mineral in India as well as abroad. Preparation of Mining plan/Scheme of Mining with PMCP/FMCP, preparation of EIA/EMP report.
3) Dr. H.S. YADAV – M.Sc.(Geology),Ph.D., IBM(RQP)& having more than 23 years of professional experience in Mining of various industrial as well as building stones.
4) Mr. S. K. MOHTA – Diploma in Mining with First Class Mine Manager Certificate having 45 years working experience in field of mining viz underground as well as opencast mine of various metallic and non-metallic mineral in India as well as abroad.
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5) Mr. S. N. SHARMA-B.E in Mining with First Class Mine Manager Certificate, PG Diploma in Marketing Management, RQP(IBM) Nagpur, Maharashtra having 31 years working experience in field of mining viz. underground as well as open cast mine of various metallic and non metallic mineral in India. Preparation of Mining Plan/ Scheme of Mining with PMCP/FMCP, Preparation of EIA/EMP report of Mining project.
6)Mr. U. C. SHARMA- M.E in Environmental Engineering, B.E in Civil Engineering, MBA in H.R, having 20 years experience in field of Civil Environment Engineer. Preparation of EIA/EMP report of Mining Project.
7) Mr. N. S. NARUKA- M. Phil. (Environment Management), M.Sc. (Environment Science), Lead Auditor for (ISO14001:2004) EMS, and Diploma in Industrial Safety, having over 10 years of work experience in the Environmental Impact Assessment & Analysis with report writing. Evaluation and preparation of EIA‘s of Mining project for environmental clearance.
8.) Dr. DIPANWITA BHAKAT –Ph.D. (Environmental Science), M. Tech. & M.Sc. (Environmental Science), having over 2 years of teaching experience in Environmental Science. Besides, our team of Professionals is given below : 1 Ashok Kumar Pardesi Diploma in Mining & Certified Surveyor. 2 Rashmi Shrimali M. Sc.(Chemistry) 3 Jitendra Singh Sankhala B.E.(Mining) 4 Kamlesh Kumar M.Sc. (Environment Science) 5 Kamod Kanwar Rathore M.Sc. (Environment Science) 6 Rajveer Singh M.Sc.(Remote Sensing & GIS) 7 Dr. Rahul Deshmukh MSW & BSW (Social Works) 8 Sameer Deshpande M.Sc.(Botany)
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9 Kailash Meena M.A (Geography), Diploma in RS&GIS. 10 Ashima Jain B.Tech (Mining Engineering) 11 Mohammed Afzal M.Sc (Env.Science & Biotechnology) 12 Meena Kanwar M. Sc.(Chemistry) 13 Nirupama jain M.Sc. Geology 14 Mohd. Sadik Khan M.Sc. Applied Geology 15 Jaswant Singh Sisodiya Geologist (Trainee) 16 Naveen Kumar Meena M.A. (Political Science) 17 Lakshmi Lal Meghwal Diploma in Draftsman & Certified Surveyor. 18 Harish Kumar Pardesi Drafts man & AutoCAD Master. 19 Praveen Koted Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master. 20 Madan Lal Dangi Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master. 21 Anil Damor Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master. 22 Lokesh Menaria Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master. 23 Nirmal Menaria Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master
CONTACT PERSON - S. S. BIST 206 ―APEKSHA COMPLEX‖ HIRAN MAGRI, SECTOR-11 UDAIPUR - 313002(RAJ.)- INDIA PHONE - +91-294-2489672(OFF), MOBILE - +9194141 67672 e mail : [email protected] visit us at : www.udrmintech.com
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ANNEXURES
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