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INTERVIEW with ZEQIR SOPAJ Prizren | Date: June 1, 2016 Duration: 63 Minutes
INTERVIEW WITH ZEQIR SOPAJ Prizren | Date: June 1, 2016 Duration: 63 minutes Present: 1. Zeqir Sopaj (Speaker) 2. Anna Di Lellio (Interviewer) 3. Ard Morina (Interviewer) 4. Noar Sahiti (Camera) 5. Shaban Morina (Son-in-law) Transcription notation symbols of non-verbal communication: () – emotional communication {} – the speaker explains something using gestures. Other transcription conventions: [ ] - addition to the text to facilitate comprehension Footnotes are editorial additions to provide information on localities, names or expressions. Part One [The interviewers ask the speaker to tell where is he from, where he was raised and details about his family. This part was cut from the video-interview.] Zeqir Sopaj: I was born in Llapushnik, in 1925. I was a young shepherd, I went to Orllan with my 1 grandfather, we had one hundred goats, cows. The house, the oda on the second floor, had room for 2 one hundred men. The meshliçet took place there, at the time we used to serve food to the guests. 3 Then I registered in school, at the time of Kralj’s Yugoslavia. I registered in 1936, I registered in school. I finished elementary school in 1939, it lasted four years. Then in the ‘40s as I shepherd I tended to goats, cows and goats. We shepherds played, at that time we played the shepherds’ games, various games in the oda. In 1941, Yugoslavia fell, Kralj’s Yugoslavia fell, 4 and the time of Albania came. Italy entered Albania in 1939, Yugoslavia in 1941 sene, the German on the other side took and destroyed Yugoslavia. We were now able to breath, because we had been 5 occupied by the Kralj. -
Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Serbian Citizens Abroad
Chapter 19 Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Serbian Citizens Abroad Tamara Popic 19.1 Introduction This chapter provides an overview of Serbia’s diaspora policies, mainly focusing on the main features and development of policies in the area of social protection. It shows that the country’s diaspora policy programs have given priority to eco- nomic, but also cultural engagement of Serbian nationals residing abroad. The Serbian diaspora also enjoys voting rights, but its turnout is usually low, due to practical and political problems. At the same time, social protection for diaspora is limited to health and pension benefits, and this only under special conditions. Structurally, the character of Serbian diaspora policies can be explained by Serbia’s social protection system based on social insurance contributions, i.e. employment as the basis of benefits entitlement. More substantially, however, the very limited social protection benefits granted to diaspora can be explained by the elites’ perception of diaspora as mainly an economic resource, and as a supple- ment to the country’s social-safety net. T. Popic (*) European University Institute, Fiesole, Italy e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s) 2020 319 J.-M. Lafleur, D. Vintila (eds.), Migration and Social Protection in Europe and Beyond (Volume 3), IMISCOE Research Series, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51237-8_19 320 T. Popic 19.2 Diaspora Characteristics and Home Country Engagement 19.2.1 The Serbian Diaspora and its Relations with the Homeland The evolution of Serbia’s emigration trends and diaspora policies can be contextual- ized within the country’s political development. -
INTERVIEW with BEHRAM HOTI Pristina | Date: April 3 and 5, 2017 Duration: 148 Minutes
INTERVIEW WITH BEHRAM HOTI Pristina | Date: April 3 and 5, 2017 Duration: 148 minutes Present: 1. Behram Hoti (Speaker) 2. Aurela Kadriu (Interviewer) 3. Donjetë Berisha (Camera) Transcription notation symbols of non-verbal communication: () – emotional communication {} – the speaker explains something using gestures. Other transcription conventions: [ ] - addition to the text to facilitate comprehension Footnotes are editorial additions to provide information on localities, names or expressions. Part One [The interviewer asks the speaker to introduce himself, his family and the rreth1 he grew up in. The question was cut from the video-interview] Behram Hoti: I am the son of Hasan Jashari. Who is Hasan Jashari? Hasan Jashari from the village of Likovc in Skenderaj, born in 1916, remains a hasret2 son with three sisters. Since the times were difficult, there was the Serbo-Croatian-Slovenian Monarchy, but the Monarchy of Serbia was ruling in Drenica, when he was two, the Serbian gendarmerie, supported by Albanian-speaking informants, kidnapped his father, that is, Jashar, and suffocated him and threw him into the plum trees well, about one hundred meters from his kulla.3 And as a sign for the corpse to be found more easily when someone looked for him, because it’s normal to look for a person who is missing, on top of the well, the plums well, because the garden was full of plums, they left the tobacco box… so that when someone who came to drink water here, or look for him, would see the tobacco box and say that he was murdered here, committed suicide or drowned in the well. -
INTERVIEW with HALIL KAJTAZI Pristina | Date: May 21, 2016 Duration: 62 Minutes
INTERVIEW WITH HALIL KAJTAZI Pristina | Date: May 21, 2016 Duration: 62 minutes Present: 1. Halil Kajtazi (Speaker) 2. Abit Hoxha (Interviewer) 3. Anna Di Lellio (Interviewer) 4. Veli Kajtazi (Speaker’s son) 5. Prozë Kajtazi (Speaker’s daughter) 6. Noar Sahiti (Camera) Transcription notation symbols of non-verbal communication: () – emotional communication {} – the speaker explains something using gestures. Other transcription conventions: [ ] - addition to the text to facilitate comprehension Footnotes are editorial additions to provide information on localities, names or expressions. Part One Halil Kajtazi: Welcome. Abit Hoxha: Thank you so much Uncle Halil. Can you… Halil Kajtazi: You came at the most exact time, when three-four days ago we celebrated the 45th anniversary of this book’s publishing {shows the books}, “Drencia’s Folk Prose”. But, apart from the book publishing, our daughter was also born. My wife and sons agreed, so did my mother, to name her as the title of the book, Proza. So in our house, 45 years ago two proses were born. One, “Drencia’s Folk Prose”, and my Proza [Prose] { points at his daughter } a girl. She is a girl. We celebrated her anniversary, in the name of this book, four-five days ago, the 14th of this month. Thank you so much. Abit Hoxha: Thank you so much. It’s a very good start... Halil Kajtazi: I was born in a village of Drenica, Vitak. A village which didn’t have more than fifty-sixty houses. I spent my childhood there. I was born on June 23, 1935. My mother told me that it was A harrowing time when I was born. -
Foreign Policy Priorities and Ethnic Return Migration Policies: Group-Level Variation in Greece and Serbia
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies ISSN: 1369-183X (Print) 1469-9451 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cjms20 Foreign policy priorities and ethnic return migration policies: group-level variation in Greece and Serbia Harris Mylonas & Marko Žilović To cite this article: Harris Mylonas & Marko Žilović (2017): Foreign policy priorities and ethnic return migration policies: group-level variation in Greece and Serbia, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, DOI: 10.1080/1369183X.2017.1409174 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1409174 Published online: 28 Dec 2017. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 119 View Crossmark data Citing articles: 2 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=cjms20 JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1409174 Foreign policy priorities and ethnic return migration policies: group-level variation in Greece and Serbia Harris Mylonas and Marko Žilović Department of Political Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA ABSTRACT KEYWORDS Why do ethnoculturally defined states pursue favourable policies to Ethnic return migration; integrate some returnees from their historical diasporas while diaspora; territory; state- neglecting or excluding others? We study this question by looking group dyads; the Balkans at members of two historical diasporas that, in the 1990s, returned to their respective ethnic homelands, Greece and Serbia, but were not treated uniformly by their respective governments. Utilising a wide range of primary sources, we consider evidence for a number of plausible explanations for such policy variation, including the economic profile of an ethnic returnee group, its status in internal ethnic hierarchies, its lobbying power, and dynamics of party politics. -
LARSON-DISSERTATION-2020.Pdf
THE NEW “OLD COUNTRY” THE KINGDOM OF YUGOSLAVIA AND THE CREATION OF A YUGOSLAV DIASPORA 1914-1951 BY ETHAN LARSON DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2020 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Maria Todorova, Chair Professor Peter Fritzsche Professor Diane Koenker Professor Ulf Brunnbauer, University of Regensburg ABSTRACT This dissertation reviews the Kingdom of Yugoslavia’s attempt to instill “Yugoslav” national consciousness in its overseas population of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, as well as resistance to that same project, collectively referred to as a “Yugoslav diaspora.” Diaspora is treated as constructed phenomenon based on a transnational network between individuals and organizations, both emigrant and otherwise. In examining Yugoslav overseas nation-building, this dissertation is interested in the mechanics of diasporic networks—what catalyzes their formation, what are the roles of international organizations, and how are they influenced by the political context in the host country. The life of Louis Adamic, who was a central figure within this emerging network, provides a framework for this monograph, which begins with his arrival in the United States in 1914 and ends with his death in 1951. Each chapter spans roughly five to ten years. Chapter One (1914-1924) deals with the initial encounter between Yugoslav diplomats and emigrants. Chapter Two (1924-1929) covers the beginnings of Yugoslav overseas nation-building. Chapter Three (1929-1934) covers Yugoslavia’s shift into a royal dictatorship and the corresponding effect on its emigration policy. -
Serbia: Background and U.S
Serbia: Background and U.S. Relations Updated October 17, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44955 Serbia: Background and U.S. Relations Summary Following the conflicts in the late 1990s in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, the prospect of membership in the Euro-Atlantic community and the active presence of the United States in the Western Balkans provided a level of stability that allowed most of the countries of the region to pursue reform and adopt Western values. During this time, Slovenia and Croatia joined the European Union (EU). These countries, along with Albania, also joined NATO. Montenegro became NATO’s 29th member on June 5, 2017. Other nations of the Balkans are at various stages on the path toward EU or NATO membership. However, many observers in Europe and the United States have expressed concern that political stability in the Western Balkans, sometimes referred to as Europe’s “inner courtyard,” remains tenuous. Several of these countries have experienced governmental and political crises, sometimes involving third-party interference, stagnating economies, high unemployment, and an exodus of people from the region. These crises have raised cautions that the continuation of or sudden increase in these factors could provide a vacuum in which outside political meddling, transnational crime, radicalization, or terrorism could flourish. At the center of the Balkans lies Serbia, which occupies a key strategic juncture at the social, political, and geographic crossroads between Eastern and Western Europe. Some observers see Serbia as more stable politically than several other countries in the region, despite difficult historical relations with its neighbors, its ongoing dispute with Kosovo, recent concerns over its commitment to democratic development, and the desire to balance its aspirations toward the West with its historical ties to Russia. -
Serbs in Romania Relationship Between Ethnic and Religious Identity
Aleksandra Djurić-Milovanović DOI: 10.2298/BALC1243117D Original scholarly work Institute for Balkan Studies Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Belgrade Serbs in Romania Relationship between Ethnic and Religious Identity Abstract: The paper looks at the role of religion in the ethnic identity of the Serbs in Romania, based on the fieldwork conducted in August 2010 among the Serbian communities in the Danube Gorge (Rom. Clisura Dunării; loc. Ser. Banatska kli- sura), western Romania. A historical perspective being necessary in studying and understanding the complexities of identity structures, the paper offers a brief histori- cal overview of the Serbian community in Romania. Serbs have been living in the Banat since medieval times, their oldest settlements dating back to the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Today, they mostly live in western Romania (Timiş, Arad, Caraş-Severin and Mehedinţi counties), Timişoara being their cultural, political and religious centre. Over the last decades, the community has been numerically declin- ing due to strong assimilation processes and demographic trends, as evidenced by successive census data (34,037 in 1977; 29,408 in 1992; 22,518 in 2002). The major- ity belong to the Serbian Orthodox Church (Diocese of Timişoara), but a number of neo-Protestant churches have appeared in the last decades. The research focuses on the role of the Orthodox religion among the Serbian minority in Romania and the role of new religious communities in relation to national identity. The role of the dominant Serbian Orthodox Church in preserving and strengthening ethnic identity is looked at, but also influences of other religious traditions which do not overlap with any particular ethnic group, such as neo-Protestantism. -
Some Characteristics of Ethnic Identity
Rajović G. – Some Characteristics of Ethnic Identity Cultural Anthropology Some Characteristics of Ethnic Identity Case Study: Migrants from Serbia and Montenegro to Denmark Goran Rajović1 Abstract. The following text is a contribution to the study of migration, in order to be closer to the main problems of contemporary migration flows from Serbia and Montenegro to Denmark, through the presentation of various data and results obtained in the current studies of the phenomenon of migration. Attention is paid to economic migration, with an emphasis on the characteristics of ethnic identity perceived from the point of view: family ritual practices associated with religious holidays, life cycle of an individual (birth, marriage, death), use of traditional foods, drinks, music and games in festive occasions, possession and use of objects from their homeland (inherited and acquired) with regard to the identity of the elements of traditional attitudes and practices of the respondents. Since the notion of ethnic identity complex, it is necessary to considered in the more theoretical approach or framework. Therefore, there are two interpretations: one given by the respondents, and other researchers. Serbian and Montenegrin communities of migrants, although not many (about 8,000), is interesting for researchers, because in the middle of Denmark that is economically dependent, maintained their ethnic or social identity. Key words: Migrants, Serbia and Montenegro, Denmark, ethnic identity. Introduction Serbia and Montenegro have traditionally emigration areas. According Baščarević (2011), the first major wave of emigration occurred in the early twentieth century, has continued especially after the Second World War, and primarily motivated by political and economic reasons. -
The Serbian Diaspora and Youth: Cross-Border Ties and Opportunities for Development
The Serbian Diaspora and Youth: Cross-Border Ties and Opportunities for Development Theodore E. Baird Roskilde University and Amanda Klekowski von Koppenfels University of Kent at Brussels 1 Contents 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Aims ............................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................ 7 2 Main Demographic Characteristics of the Sample ................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Education and Training Background .......................................................................................................... 13 2.1.1 Education before Residence Abroad ................................................................................................. 18 2.1.2 Education during Residence Abroad ................................................................................................. 20 2.2 Work Experience ........................................................................................................................................ 24 2.3 Labour Status ............................................................................................................................................ -
The Politics of Reintegration and War Commemoration. the Case of the Kosovo Liberation Army
Südosteuropa 58 (2010), H. 4, S. 478-519 ISABEL STRöHLE The Politics of Reintegration and War Commemoration. The Case of the Kosovo Liberation Army Abstract. This article examines the contentious question of the appropriate position of veterans in a postwar society, by juxtaposing the externally led reintegration policies with local concep- tions of (re-)integration propagated in the veterans’ circles of the Kosovo Liberation Army. Reintegration assistance, a constituent part of post-conflict reconstruction efforts, ultimately aims at demilitarization by supporting the return of former combatants to civilian life in the wake of armed conflict. As is illustrated with the case of Kosovo, reintegration programs can hardly live up to their overly ambitious aims; the assumed division between the combatants and the rest of the society is problematic in the context of partisan warfare. Despite pledges to contextual sensitivity, reintegration programs cannot do justice to the complexity of postwar realities. Hence, if disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) is to be successful beyond dismantling the machinery of war, more attention has to be paid to existing social cleavages and group boundaries formed on the basis of varying wartime experiences. Isabel Ströhle is pursuing a Ph.D. in the Department of History at the University of Munich. Introduction The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February, 2008,1 nine years after the war (officially conflict) in Kosovo had come to an end.2 During this decade one of the most complex UN missions in the history of peace-building and postwar reconstruction was launched. The disarmament, 1 The research for this article was financed by the Berghof Foundation for Conflict Studies in the framework of the 28-month research project entitled “The role of non-state actors in the conflict transformation of the conflicts in Macedonia and in Kosovo”, which was housed at the University of Munich and supervised by Prof. -
Policy and Institutional Frameworks Country Report Serbia
INTERACT – RESearcHING THIRD COUNTRY NatiONALS’ INTEGratiON AS A THREE-WAY PROCESS - IMMIGrantS, COUNTRIES OF EMIGratiON AND COUNTRIES OF IMMIGratiON AS ActORS OF INTEGratiON Co-financed by the European Union Policy and Institutional Frameworks Country Report Serbia Vladimir Petronijević INTERACT Research Report 2014/25 © 2014. All rights reserved. No part of this paper may be distributed, quoted or reproduced in any form without permission from the INTERACT Project. CEDEM INTERACT Researching Third Country Nationals’ Integration as a Three-way Process - Immigrants, Countries of Emigration and Countries of Immigration as Actors of Integration Research Report Country Report INTERACT RR2014/25 Policy and Institutional Frameworks – Country Report Serbia Vladimir Petronijević Group 484 (Belgrade), Executive Director © 2014, European University Institute Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies This text may be downloaded only for personal research purposes. Any additional reproduction for other purposes, whether in hard copies or electronically, requires the consent of the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies. Requests should be addressed to [email protected] If cited or quoted, reference should be made as follows: Vladimir Petronijević, Policy and Institutional Frameworks – Country Report Serbia, INTERACT RR 2014/25, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, San Domenico di Fiesole (FI): European University Institute, 2014. THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THIS PUBLICATION CANNOT IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES BE REGARDED AS THE OFFICIAL POSITION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION European University Institute Badia Fiesolana I – 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole (FI) Italy http://www.eui.eu/RSCAS/Publications/ http://interact-project.eu/publications/ http://cadmus.eui.eu INTERACT - Researching Third Country Nationals’ Integration as a Three-way Process - Immigrants, Countries of Emigration and Countries of Immigration as Actors of Integration Around 25 million persons born in a third country (TCNs) are currently living in the European Union (EU), representing 5% of its total population.