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Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants As Tracers of Planet Formation
Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants as Tracers of Planet Formation Thesis by Marta Levesque Bryan In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Pasadena, California 2018 Defended May 1, 2018 ii © 2018 Marta Levesque Bryan ORCID: [0000-0002-6076-5967] All rights reserved iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank Heather Knutson, who I had the great privilege of working with as my thesis advisor. Her encouragement, guidance, and perspective helped me navigate many a challenging problem, and my conversations with her were a consistent source of positivity and learning throughout my time at Caltech. I leave graduate school a better scientist and person for having her as a role model. Heather fostered a wonderfully positive and supportive environment for her students, giving us the space to explore and grow - I could not have asked for a better advisor or research experience. I would also like to thank Konstantin Batygin for enthusiastic and illuminating discussions that always left me more excited to explore the result at hand. Thank you as well to Dimitri Mawet for providing both expertise and contagious optimism for some of my latest direct imaging endeavors. Thank you to the rest of my thesis committee, namely Geoff Blake, Evan Kirby, and Chuck Steidel for their support, helpful conversations, and insightful questions. I am grateful to have had the opportunity to collaborate with Brendan Bowler. His talk at Caltech my second year of graduate school introduced me to an unexpected population of massive wide-separation planetary-mass companions, and lead to a long-running collaboration from which several of my thesis projects were born. -
Characterisation of Young Nearby Stars – the Ursa Major Group
FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITAT¨ JENA Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakult¨at Characterisation of young nearby stars – The Ursa Major group Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt dem Rat der Physikalischen-Astronomischen Fakult¨at der Friedrich-Schiller-Universit¨at Jena von Dipl.-Phys. Matthias Ammler geboren am 10.01.1977 in Neuburg a. d. Donau Gutachter 1. Prof. Dr. Ralph Neuh¨auser 2. Dr. habil. Matthias H¨unsch 3. Prof. Dr. Artie P. Hatzes Tag der letzten Rigorosumspr¨ufung: 26. Juni 2006 Tag der ¨offentlichen Verteidigung: 11. Juli 2006 Meinen Eltern Contents List of Figures vii List of Tables ix Abstract xi Zusammenfassung xiii Remarks and Acknowledgements xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 WhatistheUrsaMajorgroup? . 1 1.1.1 Co-movingstarsin the BigDipper constellation . .... 1 1.1.2 Stellarmotionandmovinggroups . 1 1.1.3 Formation and evolution of open clusters and associations ... 6 1.1.4 The nature of the UMa group – cluster or association, or some- thingelse? ............................ 8 1.2 WhyistheUMagroupinteresting?. 8 1.2.1 Asnapshotinstellarevolution . 8 1.2.2 Alaboratoryinfrontofthedoor . 9 1.2.3 Thecensusofthesolarneighbourhood . 10 1.3 ConstrainingtheUMagroup–previousapproaches . ..... 11 1.3.1 Spatialclustering . 11 1.3.2 Kinematic criteria – derived from a “canonical” memberlist . 12 1.3.3 Kinematic parameters – derived from kinematic clustering ... 15 1.3.4 Stellarparametersandabundances . 17 1.3.5 TheageoftheUMagroup–photometriccriteria . 19 1.3.6 Spectroscopicindicatorsforageandactivity . .... 19 1.3.7 Combining kinematic, spectroscopic, and photometric criteria . 21 1.4 Anewhomogeneousspectroscopicstudy . 21 1.4.1 Definingthesample ....................... 22 1.4.2 Howtoobtainprecisestellarparameters? . .. 23 2 Observations,reductionandcalibration 25 2.1 Requireddata ............................... 25 2.2 Instruments ............................... -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses First visibility of the lunar crescent and other problems in historical astronomy. Fatoohi, Louay J. How to cite: Fatoohi, Louay J. (1998) First visibility of the lunar crescent and other problems in historical astronomy., Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/996/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk me91 In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful >° 9 43'' 0' eji e' e e> igo4 U61 J CO J: lic 6..ý v Lo ý , ý.,, "ý J ýs ýºý. ur ý,r11 Lýi is' ý9r ZU LZJE rju No disaster can befall on the earth or in your souls but it is in a book before We bring it into being; that is easy for Allah. In order that you may not grieve for what has escaped you, nor be exultant at what He has given you; and Allah does not love any prideful boaster. -
Lennon Reunion, Page 6 “There Will Be a Huge Transformation of the Page 2 July 4, 2013 TORRANCE TRIBUNE Calendar People FRIDAY, JULY 5 Torrance Blvd
The Weekly Newspaper of Torrance Herald Publications - Torrance, El Segundo, Manhattan Beach, Hawthorne, Lawndale, & Inglewood Community Newspapers Since 1911 - (310) 322-1830 - Vol. 3, No. 26 - July 4, 2013 Torrance Salutes Independence Inside Day Sans Fireworks Show This Issue Business & Professional ......................10 Calendar...............................2 Classifieds ...........................9 Crossword/Sudoku ............9 Police Reports ....................3 Politically Speaking ...........4 Real Estate. .......................12 The fourth of July, the most American of holidays, was again marked without parades or city-sponsored fireworks due to budget cuts but it did not stop residents from celebrating. Seen here is a skydiver with the American flag at the Torrance Centennial Celebration. Photo by TerriAnn Ferren. Sports ...................................5 City Council Previews Del Amo TerriAnn in Torrance .........6 Fashion Center Renovations By Dylan Little mall. The mall will not look anywhere near and going to other places in Southern California On Tuesday, the Torrance City Council heard how it looks today,” said Scotto. “When 2015 to shop, they’re going to stop in Torrance at a presentation from Simon Property Group on comes around, I think people will be extremely our Del Amo Mall. Come Thanksgiving this planned upgrades to the Del Amo Fashion pleased with the results we’re going to have year, we’ll get the first taste of that with the Center. Chuck Davis with Simon Property Group with this mall. Instead of driving by our mall See City Council, page 2 made a PowerPoint presentation that showed a nearly unrecognizable mall. One of the major Weekend changes was to divide the mall into the “Fashion Center” (focusing on clothes and high-end retail) TerriAnn: A Lennon and “Market Square” (focusing on home goods Forecast and furniture). -
Astronomy Observation Journal by Target
Astronomy Observation Journal by Target Piero Dalle Pezze May 21, 2017 Abstract This document contains my observation reports by target. This file was generated using Java soft- ware tool AstroJournal (http://pdp10.github.io/AstroJournal/) and pdflatex (http://www.tug.org/texlive/). AstroJournal imports files containing astronomy observation reports. Once imported, it generates a comprehensive LATEX document which is then exported to PDF using the utility pdflatex. Astro- Journal is released under GPL v3 license. Contents 1 Legends 1 2 Basic Statistics 3 3 Solar System 4 3.1 Sun, Star.............................................4 3.2 Moon, Satellite.......................................... 10 3.3 Mercury, Planet.......................................... 16 3.4 Venus, Planet........................................... 16 3.5 Mars, Planet........................................... 17 3.6 Ceres, Asteroid.......................................... 18 3.7 Jupiter, Planet.......................................... 19 3.8 Saturn, Planet.......................................... 24 3.9 Uranus, Planet.......................................... 26 3.10 Neptune, Planet......................................... 27 3.11 Mercury Transit, Planet..................................... 27 3.12 Venus - Jupiter, Planet...................................... 28 4 Milky Way 29 4.1 Milky Way, Galaxy........................................ 29 5 Messier Catalogue 30 5.1 M1, Tau, SN Rem........................................ 30 5.2 M2, Aqr, Glob CL....................................... -
Ioptron AZ Mount Pro Altazimuth Mount Instruction
® iOptron® AZ Mount ProTM Altazimuth Mount Instruction Manual Product #8900, #8903 and #8920 This product is a precision instrument. Please read the included QSG before assembling the mount. Please read the entire Instruction Manual before operating the mount. If you have any questions please contact us at [email protected] WARNING! NEVER USE A TELESCOPE TO LOOK AT THE SUN WITHOUT A PROPER FILTER! Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye. Children should always have adult supervision while observing. 2 Table of Content Table of Content ......................................................................................................................................... 3 1. AZ Mount ProTM Altazimuth Mount Overview...................................................................................... 5 2. AZ Mount ProTM Mount Assembly ........................................................................................................ 6 2.1. Parts List .......................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2. Identification of Parts ....................................................................................................................... 7 2.3. Go2Nova® 8407 Hand Controller .................................................................................................... 8 2.3.1. Key Description ....................................................................................................................... -
Naming the Extrasolar Planets
Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named. -
Can There Be Additional Rocky Planets in the Habitable Zone of Tight Binary
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 1–10 () Printed 24 September 2018 (MN LATEX style file v2.2) Can there be additional rocky planets in the Habitable Zone of tight binary stars with a known gas giant? B. Funk1⋆, E. Pilat-Lohinger1 and S. Eggl2 1Institute for Astronomy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria 2IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris, Paris, France ABSTRACT Locating planets in Habitable Zones (HZs) around other stars is a growing field in contem- porary astronomy. Since a large percentage of all G-M stars in the solar neighborhood are expected to be part of binary or multiple stellar systems, investigations of whether habitable planets are likely to be discovered in such environments are of prime interest to the scientific community. As current exoplanet statistics predicts that the chances are higher to find new worlds in systems that are already known to have planets, we examine four known extrasolar planetary systems in tight binaries in order to determine their capacity to host additional hab- itable terrestrial planets. Those systems are Gliese 86, γ Cephei, HD 41004 and HD 196885. In the case of γ Cephei, our results suggest that only the M dwarf companion could host ad- ditional potentially habitable worlds. Neither could we identify stable, potentially habitable regions around HD 196885A. HD 196885 B can be considered a slightly more promising tar- get in the search forEarth-twins.Gliese 86 A turned out to be a very good candidate, assuming that the system’s history has not been excessively violent. For HD 41004 we have identified admissible stable orbits for habitable planets, but those strongly depend on the parameters of the system. -
Livre-Ovni.Pdf
UN MONDE BIZARRE Le livre des étranges Objets Volants Non Identifiés Chapitre 1 Paranormal Le paranormal est un terme utilisé pour qualifier un en- mé n'est pas considéré comme paranormal par les semble de phénomènes dont les causes ou mécanismes neuroscientifiques) ; ne sont apparemment pas explicables par des lois scien- tifiques établies. Le préfixe « para » désignant quelque • Les différents moyens de communication avec les chose qui est à côté de la norme, la norme étant ici le morts : naturels (médiumnité, nécromancie) ou ar- consensus scientifique d'une époque. Un phénomène est tificiels (la transcommunication instrumentale telle qualifié de paranormal lorsqu'il ne semble pas pouvoir que les voix électroniques); être expliqué par les lois naturelles connues, laissant ain- si le champ libre à de nouvelles recherches empiriques, à • Les apparitions de l'au-delà (fantômes, revenants, des interprétations, à des suppositions et à l'imaginaire. ectoplasmes, poltergeists, etc.) ; Les initiateurs de la parapsychologie se sont donné comme objectif d'étudier d'une manière scientifique • la cryptozoologie (qui étudie l'existence d'espèce in- ce qu'ils considèrent comme des perceptions extra- connues) : classification assez injuste, car l'objet de sensorielles et de la psychokinèse. Malgré l'existence de la cryptozoologie est moins de cultiver les mythes laboratoires de parapsychologie dans certaines universi- que de chercher s’il y a ou non une espèce animale tés, notamment en Grande-Bretagne, le paranormal est inconnue réelle derrière une légende ; généralement considéré comme un sujet d'étude peu sé- rieux. Il est en revanche parfois associé a des activités • Le phénomène ovni et ses dérivés (cercle de culture). -
A Spectroscopic Study of the Scorpio-Centaurus Association
PranllQa. Vol. 7, No.3, 1976, pp 160-\ 80. © Prmted in India. A spectroscopic study of the Scorpio-Centaurus association R RAJAMOHAN Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangaiore 560034 MS recehcl 5 April 1976 • I' Abstract. Rotational .... elocities as well as hydrogen and he Jlum Ine I'ntensities of .' have been one hundred. and twelve members of the Scorplo-Centaurus aSSOclatlO~ . b h derived. For stars with M~ < 0'0, the distribution of rotational velocitieS of °lt are SJlnlar the upper Scorplus subgroup and the upper Centaurus-Lupus Su b grou P 1 . I and closely resemble those of the field stars. Stars with M, > O' 0, all of w lie 1 are found in th.e dense upper Scorpius region, rotate much faster than their counter parts amongst field stars, the Pleiades and Alpha-Persei cluster members. The measured equivalent width of H'Y for 77 stars provide a distance nlOd~\U~ of 6·0±0·09 magnitudes for the association. Evolutionary effects in the del1;~e hydrogen line intensities are found between the two subgroups. The hydrogen- me intensities at all spectral types in the upper Centaurus-Lupus subgroup are systematically smaller than thOse of members in the upper Scorpius subgrouP. Analysis of high dispersion spectra of five members of the association y.ield a helium abundance of Nae(N. = 0·096 ± 0 004. Along with data available In the literature, the mean helium abundance of thirteen stars of this association is found to be 0·098 :±: O· 004 by number. For the two main subgroups of this association, we deflve a value of 0 105 ± 0 001 for the upper Centaurus-Lupus group from three stars and 0·096 ± 0·005 for the upper Scorpius group from ten stars. -
Biosignatures Search in Habitable Planets
galaxies Review Biosignatures Search in Habitable Planets Riccardo Claudi 1,* and Eleonora Alei 1,2 1 INAF-Astronomical Observatory of Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio, 5, 35122 Padova, Italy 2 Physics and Astronomy Department, Padova University, 35131 Padova, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 2 August 2019; Accepted: 25 September 2019; Published: 29 September 2019 Abstract: The search for life has had a new enthusiastic restart in the last two decades thanks to the large number of new worlds discovered. The about 4100 exoplanets found so far, show a large diversity of planets, from hot giants to rocky planets orbiting small and cold stars. Most of them are very different from those of the Solar System and one of the striking case is that of the super-Earths, rocky planets with masses ranging between 1 and 10 M⊕ with dimensions up to twice those of Earth. In the right environment, these planets could be the cradle of alien life that could modify the chemical composition of their atmospheres. So, the search for life signatures requires as the first step the knowledge of planet atmospheres, the main objective of future exoplanetary space explorations. Indeed, the quest for the determination of the chemical composition of those planetary atmospheres rises also more general interest than that given by the mere directory of the atmospheric compounds. It opens out to the more general speculation on what such detection might tell us about the presence of life on those planets. As, for now, we have only one example of life in the universe, we are bound to study terrestrial organisms to assess possibilities of life on other planets and guide our search for possible extinct or extant life on other planetary bodies. -
Fy10 Budget by Program
AURA/NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2010 Revised Submitted to the National Science Foundation March 16, 2011 This image, aimed toward the southern celestial pole atop the CTIO Blanco 4-m telescope, shows the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, the Milky Way (Carinae Region) and the Coal Sack (dark area, close to the Southern Crux). The 33 “written” on the Schmidt Telescope dome using a green laser pointer during the two-minute exposure commemorates the rescue effort of 33 miners trapped for 69 days almost 700 m underground in the San Jose mine in northern Chile. The image was taken while the rescue was in progress on 13 October 2010, at 3:30 am Chilean Daylight Saving time. Image Credit: Arturo Gomez/CTIO/NOAO/AURA/NSF National Optical Astronomy Observatory Fiscal Year Annual Report for FY 2010 Revised (October 1, 2009 – September 30, 2010) Submitted to the National Science Foundation Pursuant to Cooperative Support Agreement No. AST-0950945 March 16, 2011 Table of Contents MISSION SYNOPSIS ............................................................................................................ IV 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 1 2 NOAO ACCOMPLISHMENTS ....................................................................................... 2 2.1 Achievements ..................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Status of Vision and Goals ................................................................................