A&A 470, 191–210 (2007) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20077168 & c ESO 2007 Astrophysics The Mira variable S Orionis: relationships between the photosphere, molecular layer, dust shell, and SiO maser shell at 4 epochs,,,† M. Wittkowski1,D.A.Boboltz2, K. Ohnaka3,T.Driebe3, and M. Scholz4,5 1 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany e-mail:
[email protected] 2 United States Naval Observatory, 3450 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20392-5420, USA e-mail:
[email protected] 3 Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany 4 Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik der Univ. Heidelberg, Albert-Ueberle-Str. 2, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany 5 Institute of Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia Received 25 January 2007 / Accepted 18 April 2007 ABSTRACT Aims. We present the first multi-epoch study that includes concurrent mid-infrared and radio interferometry of an oxygen-rich Mira star. Methods. We obtained mid-infrared interferometry of S Ori with VLTI/MIDI at four epochs in December 2004, February/March 2005, November 2005, and December 2005. We concurrently observed v = 1, J = 1−0 (43.1 GHz), and v = 2, J = 1−0 (42.8 GHz) SiO maser emission toward S Ori with the VLBA in January, February, and November 2005. The MIDI data are analyzed using self-excited dynamic model atmospheres including molecular layers, complemented by a radiative transfer model of the circumstellar dust shell. The VLBA data are reduced to the spatial structure and kinematics of the maser spots.