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Fortnightly Club of Redlands 8/21/15, 12:15 AM Fortnightly Club of Redlands 8/21/15, 12:15 AM Home THE FORTNIGHTLY CLUB OF REDLANDS, CALIFORNIA - Founded 24 January 1895 MEETING # 1530 4:00 P.M. DECEMBER 16, 1994 Doctor Ray Lyman Wilbur Third President of Stanford & Secretary of the Interior by Northcutt Ely Assembly Room, A. K. Smiley Public Library BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR Mr. Ely is a graduate of Stanford and Stanford Law School. His wife is Marica McCann Ely, a graduate of the University of California at Berkeley and Pratt Institute of Art in New York. They have three sons, all doctors. One is a Redlands resident, Dr. Craig Northcutt. After practicing in California and New York, he became Executive Assistant to Secretary of the Interior, Ray Lyman Wilbur, in the Hoover Administration. He represented Secretary Wilbur in negotiating the Hoover Dam power and water contracts. After leaving the Interior Department, Mr. Ely practiced law in the District of Columbia for nearly 50 years. He and his wife moved to Redlands in 1981, but he has not retired. His specialties are international law and natural resources law. http://www.redlandsfortnightly.org/papers/wilbur.htm Page 1 of 13 Fortnightly Club of Redlands 8/21/15, 12:15 AM He has argued before the United States Supreme Court seven times. His Supreme Court cases of most interest to a California audience were the representation of California in Arizona v. California, and of Imperial Irrigation District in the 160 acre limitation case. Mr. Ely’s current cases include the representation of the City of Los Angeles and Southern California Edison Company in the renewal of the Hoover power contracts that he negotiated for the government 54 years ago, advice to Imperial Irrigation District in their water conservation program, and representation of other clients in several international matters. He is a member of the Board of Overseers of the Hoover Institution at Stanford, and a trustee of the Hoover Foundation. STUDENT YEARS The time is mid-September, 1892. The place is Stanford University, about to open its doors to some 740 students in the second year of its existence. The student to whom I direct your attention is a bright and friendly freshman from Riverside, California, 17 years old, about to top out at 6 feet 4 inches. His name is Ray Lyman Wilbur. He had graduated from Riverside High School, so did not have to take that fearsome entrance examination that Fritz Bromberger has preserved for us, and that had been the undoing of freshman Herbert Hoover in English the previous year. Young Wilbur had come up by steamer from Redondo Beach to San Francisco, and was still feeling the effect of seasickness. The train would have been quicker and more comfortable, but would have cost a few dollars more, and Ray did not have those extra dollars. The family orange grove near Riverside was not doing well, the panic of 1893 was just over the horizon, and he would have to work his way through school. The youngster was destined to become famous in three overlapping careers: in medicine, as Dean of the Stanford Medical School and as President of the American Medical Association; in education, as President of Stanford for 26 years; and in public service, as Secretary of the Interior, as well as the holder of other honors and responsibilities too numerous to list. But he did not foresee any of that. All he knew was that he wanted to be a scientist some day, but right now would have to find a job and a place to live. The going wage, he discovered, was 15 cents an hour. He was housed in the dormitory, Encina Hall, but there was a shortage of blankets, and he had to sleep between two mattresses until blankets became available. Stanford was an exciting place, still under construction. Wilbur fell in love with it at first sight, and the love affair lasted all his life. The President, David Starr Jordan, and all the faculty, were young. The oldest students were sophomores. Jordan had an advantage that no successor was ever to have: Stanford had no alumni to second-guess him. Wilbur discovered that he had a natural talent for laboratory work. It got him into trouble. He completed a whole semester of experiments in two weeks. The instructor accused him of cheating. Wilbur, in characteristic fashion, demanded that the department head come to watch him repeat the experiments, http://www.redlandsfortnightly.org/papers/wilbur.htm Page 2 of 13 Fortnightly Club of Redlands 8/21/15, 12:15 AM running several at a time. He told me that this experience had taught him never to prejudge a controversy between a teacher and a student in favor of the teacher. He wrote home that he particularly liked a sophomore named Hoover, who, unlike other sophomores, was not stuck up, but was friendly and quiet. Hoover, too, was working his way. The boys became lifelong friends. Wilbur wrote in his memoirs: "All through my student period at Stanford, I made it a rule not to do any studying on Sundays. This gave me recreation and a complete break from the routine of the rest of the week. I closed up my work on Saturday night and opened it up again on Monday morning. This arrangement gave me time to write family and other letters and do some general reading and to get outdoors. Above all, it gave me a day of relief from any responsibility, and freedom from what I called the nag of the undone job." These work habits stayed with him the rest of his life— no undone jobs, and be smart enough to know when to break away from your work. In Wilbur’s junior year, Herbert Hoover came to say goodbye. About to graduate, he was going to work in a gold mine at Grass Valley for $2 a day. He surprised Wilbur by advising him to get a job on the faculty, saying N You will be President of Stanford some day." By the time that Wilbur graduated in 1896, as President of the senior class, he had established a reputation as a superb student, all the more to his credit because of the long hours of work required to earn a living; not averse to a little mischief. He wrote home that when Stanford won its case in the Supreme Court, a decision that restored Senator Stanford’s fortune to the University, someone, name unknown, had painted the post office red. President Jordan said he knew that Ray Wilbur had done it, because he was the only boy in school tall enough to reach the eaves with a paint brush. But there was no punishment; Jordan said that if he wanted to get anything done, he gave it to Wilbur. Dr. Wilbur, perhaps looking back on his own school days, once told me that when students have time to get into too much mischief, the curriculum needs tightening. Wilbur had hoped to go on to Johns Hopkins Medical School in Baltimore, but did not have the money. After two more years of graduate work in physiology, and as a part-time instructor at Stanford, he married his college sweetheart, Marguerite Blake, and enrolled at Cooper Medical School in San Francisco. Once more, he had to work his way. But in a short time he was teaching as well as studying, giving lectures in physiology. When he graduated, he was again president of his senior class. PRACTICE AS A PHYSICIAN There followed a period of successful private practice in the Palo Alto area, interrupted twice by study in Europe. He told of making house calls at night in his buggy, relying on his horse, Bob, to find the way home when he fell asleep, exhausted. An epidemic of typhoid broke out. It was traced to a dairy. Wilbur got himself appointed Assistant County Medical Officer, and went to the dairy each morning at 4:30, armed http://www.redlandsfortnightly.org/papers/wilbur.htm Page 3 of 13 Fortnightly Club of Redlands 8/21/15, 12:15 AM with a shotgun, to see that all the milk was dumped, not shipped. He had eighty-three students to care for. As there was no hospital nearer than San Francisco, he converted a floor of his old dormitory, Encina Hall, into a hospital. He saw some patients six times a day, and sometimes worked all night. All 83 recovered. One of his patients spoke for all: "If Dr. Wilbur said you were going to get well, that was an order, and you got well." Along with his practice, Wilbur was teaching physiology. A visitor, describing the faculty, wrote "There was young Dr. Wilbur, friendly, humorous, and able". STUDY IN EUROPE He told me that he had never hesitated to invest money in himself. Against all advice except his wife’s, he interrupted his practice and borrowed money on his life insurance to make two extended visits to Europe with his growing family to study in the laboratories of the foremost researchers in medicine. Wilbur said that he "had to know". He was contemptuous of the dogmatic practice of medicine by men who wore plug hats and drove fine horses, but had had no experience in the laboratory or with the microscope. He found medical instruction in Europe far ahead of that in the United States. He attended literally hundreds of autopsies there. He wrote much later that his medical career spanned the period from "plug hat to plasma". DEAN OF STANFORD MEDICAL SCHOOL Stanford acquired the Cooper Medical College, and Dr.
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