Eating Well to Prevent Vitamin B12 Deficiency
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Yeast Extract a Treasure from Nature for Food
YEAST EXTRACT A TREASURE FROM NATURE FOR FOOD WHITE PAPER Content I. What is yeast extract? P. 4 A few definitions and historical facts Yeast definition Yeast has been used as a natural origin food ingredient for centuries Yeast extract as a natural flavoring ingredient Yeast extract is an ingredient from nature Yeast extract is coming from yeast Composition of yeast extract Yeast extract as a food ingredient Natural ingredient Yeast extract and gluten 100% vegan An ingredient which fits a non-GMO approach A Halal and Kosher certified ingredient Process resistant II. How is yeast extract produced? P. 8 Fermentation Breakage Separation Different forms of yeast extract III. What are the main uses of yeast extract? P.12 Yeast extract main applications in food industries A natural and culinary ingredient from yeast Yeast extract in your kitchen Taste What is taste? What is yeast extract taste? Zoom on the diversity of yeast extract tastes Focus on umami taste How does yeast extract improve taste in food? Let us see the properties of yeast extract with a few examples of recipes Nutritional profile improvement Major public health issues explain current trends in nutrition Salt reduction Sugar reduction Fat reduction Clean label IV. Biospringer is an expert of yeast extract P.20 Our technical expertise Expert on taste building Local teams worldwide | Biospringer WHITE PAPER owadays, food manufacturers have several challenges to Nface when responding to consumer trends. Consumers are more and more careful about the composition and the quality of the products they eat: naturalness, nutrition and pleasure are essential criteria in the purchase decision. -
Is There an Ideal Diet to Protect Against Iodine Deficiency?
nutrients Review Is There an Ideal Diet to Protect against Iodine Deficiency? Iwona Krela-Ka´zmierczak 1,† , Agata Czarnywojtek 2,3,†, Kinga Skoracka 1,* , Anna Maria Rychter 1 , Alicja Ewa Ratajczak 1 , Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak 1, Marek Ruchała 2 and Agnieszka Dobrowolska 1 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Heliodor Swiecicki Hospital, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (I.K.-K.); [email protected] (A.M.R.); [email protected] (A.E.R.); [email protected] (A.S.-T.); [email protected] (A.D.) 2 Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (A.C.); [email protected] (M.R.) 3 Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-665-557-356 or +48-8691-343; Fax: +48-8691-686 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Iodine deficiency is a global issue and affects around 2 billion people worldwide, with preg- nant women as a high-risk group. Iodine-deficiency prevention began in the 20th century and started with global salt iodination programmes, which aimed to improve the iodine intake status globally. Although it resulted in the effective eradication of the endemic goitre, it seems that salt iodination did not resolve all the issues. Currently, it is recommended to limit the consumption of salt, which is the main source of iodine, as a preventive measure of non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension or cancer the prevalence of which is increasing. -
Yeast Extract, Product Information
YEAST EXTRACT (7184) Intended Use Yeast Extract is an autolysate of yeast cells used in preparing microbiological culture media in a laboratory setting. Yeast Extract is not intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions in humans. Product Summary and Explanation Yeast Extract is the water-soluble portion of autolyzed yeast. The autolysis is carefully controlled to preserve naturally occurring B-complex vitamins. Yeast Extract is prepared and standardized for bacteriological use and cell cultures, and is an excellent stimulator of bacterial growth. Yeast Extract is generally employed in the concentration of 0.3% - 0.5%. Yeast Extract is typically prepared by growing baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces spp., in a carbohydrate-rich plant medium. The yeast is harvested, washed, and resuspended in water, where it undergoes autolysis, i.e., self-digestion using the yeast’s enzymes. Yeast Extract is the total soluble portion of this autolytic action. The autolytic activity is stopped by a heating step. The resulting Yeast Extract is filtered clear and dried into a powder by spray drying. Yeast Extract has been successful in culture media for bacterial studies in milk and other dairy products.1-5 Several media containing Yeast Extract have been recommended for cell culture applications.6,7 Principles of the Procedure Yeast Extract provides vitamins, nitrogen, amino acids, and carbon in microbiological and cell culture media. Precaution 1. For Laboratory Use Only. Quality Control Specifications Physical and Chemistry: Dehydrated Appearance: Powder is homogeneous, free-flowing, and light tan to beige. Prepared Appearance (2% Solution): Prepared medium is brilliant to clear, amber, without or with a slight precipitate. -
Vitamins Minerals Nutrients
vitamins minerals nutrients Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) Snapshot Monograph Vitamin B12 Nutrient name(s): (Cyanocobalamin) Vitamin B12 Most Frequent Reported Uses: Cyanocobalamin • Homocysteine regulation Methylcobalamin • Neurological health, including Adenosylcobalamin (Cobamamide) diabetic neuropathy, cognitive Hydroxycobalamin (European) function, vascular dementia, stroke prevention • Anemias, including pernicious and megaloblastic • Sulfite sensitivity Cyanocobalamin Introduction: Vitamin B12 was isolated from liver extract in 1948 and reported to control pernicious anemia. Cobalamin is the generic name of vitamin B12 because it contains the heavy metal cobalt, which gives this water-soluble vitamin its red color. Vitamin B12 is an essential growth factor and plays a role in the metabolism of cells, especially those of the gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, and nervous tissue. Several different cobalamin compounds exhibit vitamin B12 activity. The most stable form is cyanocobalamin, which contains a cyanide group that is well below toxic levels. To become active in the body, cyanocobalamin must be converted to either methylcobalamin or adenosylcobalamin. Adenosylcobalamin is the primary form of vitamin B12 in the liver. © Copyright 2013, Integrative Health Resources, LLC | www.metaboliccode.com A protein in gastric secretions called intrinsic factor binds to vitamin B12 and facilitates its absorption. Without intrinsic factor, only a small percentage of vitamin B12 is absorbed. Once absorbed, relatively large amounts of vitamin B12 can be stored in the liver. The body actually reabsorbs vitamin B12 in the intestines and returns much of it to the liver, allowing for very little to be excreted from the body. However, when there are problems in the intestines, such as the microflora being imbalanced resulting in gastrointestinal inflammation, then vitamin B12 deficiencies can occur. -
Megavitamin Therapy for Different Cases
Megavitamin Therapy for Different Cases A. Hoffer, M.D., Ph.D.1 ASCORBIC ACID CURE OF ONE CASE OF TOXIC PSYCHOSIS Recently when I was sorting out my reprints removed as treatment for cancer and then on ascorbic acid I ran across a complete file on received follow-up radiation. The skin over her my first psychotic patient given large doses of breast ulcerated. About five weeks before ascorbic acid alone. I have referred to this case admission she was given testosterone until 10 elsewhere, but have not given any clinical detail. days before. Since this may well be the first case ever treated Because of her severe agitation, depression, in this way, I think it may be useful to report the and paranoid delusions, ECT, the main details. treatment of that day, was indicated. Mrs. V. H., age 47, was referred to the By December 11, 1952, I had persuaded her General Hospital, Munroe Wing, Regina, doctor to allow me to treat her with megadoses because she was delusional, very depressed, and of ascorbic acid, my reasoning being that she threatened to kill herself. She was admitted was probably toxic from her cancer, radiation, December 9, 1952. and the ulceration. He agreed to hold off ECT She was large, obese, masculine in for a few days. appearance with a lot of hair on her face. Her She was started on 1 g of ascorbic acid each complexion was pale and muddy. She suffered hour while awake. If sleeping she was not from perceptual changes, hearing the voice of awakened, but when she did awaken was give her priest, she was confused, delusional, with no 1 g for each hour she had slept. -
Fermentation Yeast Extract – More Than Just a Nitrogen Source Yeast Extracts – What Makes Them Unique?
EXCELLENCE IN YEAST INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR BIOTECH APPLICATIONS Fermentation Yeast Extract – More than just a nitrogen source Yeast Extracts – What makes them unique? In the complex world of biotechnology and fermen- product. Yeast extract from brewers’ yeast is charac- tation, Leiber brewers’ yeast extracts have proven to terized by a high sustainability and thus the manu- be more than just a nitrogen source! Yeast extracts facturing can be regarded as ecologically valuable have a long tradition in the fermentation industry, and efficient. serving as a nutritious and effective complex nit- rogen source for a broad spectrum of production microorganisms belonging to bacteria, fungi and yeasts. The production of beer, and thus the production of the by-product brewers’ yeasts is carried out mainly on the basis of renewable, natural raw materials such as barley, hops and water. The solids, including mainly the yeast biomass, remain in the tank as by- Yeast extract composition and their benefits Building blocks for biosynthesis Important growth factors Supply of nitrogen Metabolic driver Proteins & Nucleotides free amino acids Essential enzymatic cofactors for biocatalytic activities Vitamins & Minerals & Derivatives Pace maker of fermentation Traces Impacting and regulating intracellular transport processes Cell protection Carbohydrates & Derivatives Maintaining electrical potential via Storage compounds membranes Enzymatic cofactors Cell protection against stress, osmotic pressure, free radicals Yeast cell wall Brewers’ yeast cell wall consists of a substantially complex structure containing many interesting and functional components, such as β-1,3- and β-1,6-linked glucan, mannans, mannoproteins, sterols and phospholipids. All these components present a multitude of interesting functions, which serve as versatile tools among others in the field of wine production including clarification, improving fermentation performance and flavoring. -
Guidelines on Food Fortification with Micronutrients
GUIDELINES ON FOOD FORTIFICATION FORTIFICATION FOOD ON GUIDELINES Interest in micronutrient malnutrition has increased greatly over the last few MICRONUTRIENTS WITH years. One of the main reasons is the realization that micronutrient malnutrition contributes substantially to the global burden of disease. Furthermore, although micronutrient malnutrition is more frequent and severe in the developing world and among disadvantaged populations, it also represents a public health problem in some industrialized countries. Measures to correct micronutrient deficiencies aim at ensuring consumption of a balanced diet that is adequate in every nutrient. Unfortunately, this is far from being achieved everywhere since it requires universal access to adequate food and appropriate dietary habits. Food fortification has the dual advantage of being able to deliver nutrients to large segments of the population without requiring radical changes in food consumption patterns. Drawing on several recent high quality publications and programme experience on the subject, information on food fortification has been critically analysed and then translated into scientifically sound guidelines for application in the field. The main purpose of these guidelines is to assist countries in the design and implementation of appropriate food fortification programmes. They are intended to be a resource for governments and agencies that are currently implementing or considering food fortification, and a source of information for scientists, technologists and the food industry. The guidelines are written from a nutrition and public health perspective, to provide practical guidance on how food fortification should be implemented, monitored and evaluated. They are primarily intended for nutrition-related public health programme managers, but should also be useful to all those working to control micronutrient malnutrition, including the food industry. -
Vitamins & Supplements
Lifestyle & Exercise Diet & Prescription Nutrition Drugs Rx Vitamins & Supplements VITAMIN B 12 Functions of B12 In The Body Vitamin B 12, also known as cobalamin, is a member ESSENTIAL FOR DNA SYNTHESIS of the B vitamin family. Vitamin B 12 is often referred to as the “energy vitamin” although as you will see, FACILITATES METABOLISM OF FOLIC ACID performs many other important functions in the body. KEY FACTOR IN METHYLATION WHERE IT HELPS Like other B vitamins, B 12 is water soluble, thus it PREVENT AND TREAT ELEVATED can leave the body quickly, so it should be taken HOMOCYSTEINE WHICH IS A RISK FACTOR twice a day. The average dosage range is between FOR HEART DISEASE AND DEMENTIA 100 and 2000 mcg daily, although higher doses might be needed based on ones plasma levels. INVOLVED IN THE PRODUCTION OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS Vitamin B 12 levels are assessed through a blood test, and a normal reading is between 200 and 900 pg/ml. Levels NEEDED FOR NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION below 200 will generally show signs of B12 deficiency; although in some populations such as the elderly, symptoms HELPS CREATE RED BLOOD CELLS may be noticed with levels between 200 and 500 pg/ml. NEEDED FOR A HEALTHY IMMUNE SYSTEM Since the body does not create vitamin B12 on its own, HELPS SYNTHESIZE PROTEINS it must be consumed from the diet or in supplement form. Food sources include fish, shellfish, meat, liver, REQUIRED FOR DIGESTION, FOOD AND eggs, poultry, dairy products and fortified foods. NUTRIENT ABSORPTION, CARBOHYDRATE AND Low stomach acid and antacid medications can decrease FAT METABOLISM the absorption of B 12 from foods, but not from NEEDED FOR ADRENAL HORMONE supplements, thus supplementation is often a necessary PRODUCTION complement to a healthy diet. -
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of B Vitamin Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Stress: Effects on Healthy and ‘At-Risk’ Individuals
nutrients Review A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of B Vitamin Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Stress: Effects on Healthy and ‘At-Risk’ Individuals Lauren M Young, Andrew Pipingas, David J White , Sarah Gauci and Andrew Scholey * Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; [email protected] (L.M.Y.); [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (D.J.W.); [email protected] (S.G.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-39214-8932 Received: 8 August 2019; Accepted: 7 September 2019; Published: 16 September 2019 Abstract: A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to examine and quantify the effects of B vitamin supplementation on mood in both healthy and ‘at-risk’ populations. A systematic search identified all available randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of daily supplementation with 3 ≥ B group vitamins with an intervention period of at least four weeks. Random effects models for a standardized mean difference were used to test for overall effect. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 statistic. Eighteen articles (16 trials, 2015 participants) were included, of which 12 were eligible for meta-analysis. Eleven of the 18 articles reported a positive effect for B vitamins over a placebo for overall mood or a facet of mood. Of the eight studies in ‘at-risk’ cohorts, five found a significant benefit to mood. Regarding individual facets of mood, B vitamin supplementation benefited stress (n = 958, SMD = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.45, p = 0.03). A benefit to depressive symptoms did not reach significance (n = 568, SMD = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.32, p = 0.07), and there was no effect on anxiety − (n = 562, SMD = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.13, 0.20, p = 0.71). -
Analysis of Gluten in Dried Yeast and Yeast-Containing Products
foods Article Analysis of Gluten in Dried Yeast and Yeast-Containing Products Laura K. Allred 1,* , Mitchell G. Nye-Wood 2 and Michelle L. Colgrave 2 1 Gluten Intolerance Group of North America, Auburn, WA 98092, USA 2 School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; [email protected] (M.G.N.-W.); [email protected] (M.L.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 22 October 2020; Accepted: 27 November 2020; Published: 2 December 2020 Abstract: Yeast are commonly used in the preparation of foods and beverages such as beer and bread and may also be used on their own as a source of nutrients and flavoring. Because of the historical connection of yeast to products made from wheat and barley, consumers maintaining a gluten-free diet can have concerns about the safety of yeast ingredients. Analyzing the safety of yeast and yeast-containing products presents some difficulties, as the yeast organisms actively degrade any gluten in the product, raising questions on the appropriateness of detection by traditional antibody-based methods. This study examines a variety of yeast and yeast-containing products by competitive ELISA and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the estimated level of gluten proteins. While samples such as yeast extracts and nutritional yeast contained gluten levels below the 20 mg/kg (or parts per million, ppm) threshold defined by Codex Alimentarius, one baking yeast and a nutritional yeast supplement sample contained higher levels of gluten. This study demonstrates that both competitive ELISA and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry provide similar results in the detection of wheat and barley gluten in yeast-containing products. -
Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline 9 Vitamin B12
Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline http://www.nap.edu/catalog/6015.html 9 Vitamin B12 SUMMARY Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) functions as a coenzyme for a critical methyl transfer reaction that converts homocysteine to methionine and for a separate reaction that converts L-methylmalonyl- coenzyme A (CoA) to succinyl-CoA. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for vitamin B12 is based on the amount needed for the maintenance of hematological status and normal serum vitamin B12 values. An assumed absorption of 50 percent is in- cluded in the recommended intake. The RDA for adults is 2.4 µg/ day of vitamin B12. Because 10 to 30 percent of older people may be unable to absorb naturally occurring vitamin B12, it is advisable for those older than 50 years to meet their RDA mainly by consum- ing foods fortified with vitamin B12 or a vitamin B12-containing supplement. Individuals with vitamin B12 deficiency caused by a lack of intrinsic factor require medical treatment. The median intake of vitamin B12 from food in the United States was estimated to be approximately 5 µg/day for men and 3.5 µg/day for women. The ninety-fifth percentile of vitamin B12 intake from both food and supplements was approximately 27 µg/day. In one Canadian province the mean dietary intake was estimated to be approxi- mately 7 µg/day for men and 4 µg/day for women. There is not sufficient scientific evidence to set a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for vitamin B12 at this time. -
Arby's® Menu Items and Ingredients
Arby’s® Menu Items and Ingredients LIMITED TIME OFFERS Half Pound French Dip & Swiss/Au Jus: Roast Beef, Au Jus, Buttermilk Chicken Cordon Bleu: Buttermilk Chicken Fillet, Cinnamon Apple Crisp Swiss Cheese (Processed Slice), Sub Roll. Pit-Smoked Ham, Mayonnaise, Swiss Cheese (Natural Slice), Star Cut Bun. Cinnamon Apple Crisp, Whipped Topping. Arby’s Sauce® Buttermilk Buffalo Chicken: Buttermilk Chicken Fillet, Coke Float Horsey Sauce® Coca Cola, Vanilla Shake Mix. Parmesan Peppercorn Ranch Sauce, Spicy Buffalo Sauce, Three Cheese: Roast Beef, Parmesan Peppercorn Ranch Shredded Iceberg Lettuce, Star Cut Bun. Sauce, Swiss Cheese (Processed Slice), Cheddar Cheese Chicken Tenders SIGNATURE (Sharp Slice), Cheddar Cheese (Shredded), Crispy Onions, Smokehouse Brisket: Smoked Brisket, Smoky Q Sauce, Star Cut Bun. Tangy Barbeque Sauce Buffalo Dipping Sauce Mayonnaise, Smoked Gouda Cheese, Crispy Onions, Star Fire-Roasted Philly: Roast Beef, Roasted Garlic Aioli, Swiss Cut Bun. Cheese (Processed Slice), Italian Seasoning Blend, Red & Honey Mustard Dipping Sauce Traditional Greek Gyro: Gyro Meat, Gyro Sauce, Gyro Yellow Peppers, Sub Roll. Ranch Dipping Sauce Seasoning, Tomatoes, Shredded Iceberg Lettuce, Red Onion, Flatbread. TURKEY SLIDERS Turkey Gyro: Roast Turkey, Gyro Sauce, Gyro Seasoning, Grand Turkey Club: Roast Turkey, Pepper Bacon, Swiss Pizza Slider: Genoa Salami, Pepperoni, Swiss Cheese Red Onion, Tomatoes, Shredded Iceberg Lettuce, Flatbread. Cheese (Processed Slice), Tomatoes, (Processed Slice), Robust Marinara, Split Top Bun. Roast Beef Gyro: Roast Beef, Gyro Sauce, Gyro Seasoning, Leaf Lettuce, Mayonnaise, Harvest Wheat Bun. Buffalo Chicken Slider: Prime-Cut Chicken Tenders, Red Onion, Tomatoes, Shredded Iceberg Lettuce, Flatbread. Roast Turkey Ranch & Bacon Sandwich: Roast Turkey, Parmesan Peppercorn Ranch Sauce, Spicy Buffalo Sauce, Loaded Italian: Pepperoni, Genoa Salami, Pit-Smoked Pepper Bacon, Red Onion, Tomatoes, Leaf Lettuce, Split Top Bun.