MEDIA KIT THE WINES OF BRITISH COLUMBIA “YOUR WINES ARE THE WINES OF SENSATIONAL!” BRITISH COLUMBIA ~ STEVEN SPURRIER

British Columbia is a very special place for wine and, thanks to a handful of hard-working visionaries, our vibrant industry has been making a name for itself nationally and internationally for the past 25 years. “BC WINE OFTEN HAS In 1990, the Vintner’s Quality Alliance (VQA) standard was created to guarantee consumers they A RADICAL FRESHNESS were drinking wine made from 100% BC grown grapes. Today, BC VQA Wines dominate wine sales AND A REMARKABLE in British Columbia, and our wines are finding their way to more places than ever before, winning ABILITY TO DEFY over both critics and consumers internationally. THE CONVENTIONAL CATEGORIES OF TASTE.” The Wines of British Columbia truly are a reflection of the land where the grapes are grown and the exceptional people who craft them. We invite you to join us to savour all that makes the Wines of STUART PIGOTT British Columbia so special. ~

“WHAT I LOVE MOST ABOUT BC WINES IS THEY MIMIC THE PLACE, THEY MIMIC THE PURITY. YOU LOOK OUT AND FEEL THE AIR, TASTE THE WATER AND LOOK AT THE LAKE AND YOU CAN’T HELP BUT BE STRUCK BY A SENSE OF PURITY AND IT CARRIES OVER TO THE WINE. THEY HAVE PURITY AND A SENSE OF WEIGHTLESSNESS WHICH IS VERY ETHEREAL AND CAPTIVATING.”

~ KAREN MACNEIL DID YOU KNOW? • British Columbia’s Vintners Quality Alliance (BC VQA) designation celebrated 25 years of excellence in 2015. • BC’s Wine Industry has grown from just 17 grape wineries in 1990 to more than 275 today (as of January 2017). • There are more than 10,200 acres (4,130 hectares) of vines in British Columbia’s five geographical indications (GI) more commonly referred to as designated viticultural areas (DVA): Okanagan Valley, Similkameen Valley, Fraser Valley, Vancouver Island, the Gulf Islands and beyond. • Warmer and more arid than Napa Valley, the Okanagan Valley gets nearly two hours more sunlight per day than Napa during the peak of the July and August growing season. • The most planted red grapes are: o Merlot o Pinot Noir o Cabernet Sauvignon o Cabernet Franc o Syrah / Shiraz o Gamay Noir • The most planted white grapes are: o Pinot Gris o Chardonnay o Gewürztraminer o Riesling o Sauvignon Blanc o Pinot Blanc o Viognier • BC VQA Wines are frequent winners of prestigious awards, receiving more than 1,200 awards* in 2016.

*This reflects the number won in just 16 BCWI consolidated competitions. • The BC Wine Industry contributes $2.8 billion annually to British Columbia’s economy. • Each year, BC’s wineries welcome more than 1,000,000 visitors. • WineBC.com offers wine tourists an interactive tour guide to make planning their wine country getaways easier than ever. YES, CANADA MAKES WINE. GREAT WINE. WHAT MAKES Internationally, it surprises many people that British Columbia even produces wine. Being so far north, above 49° latitude, the logical thought is that it must be too cold. BRITISH COLUMBIA Even those who accept that wine is made here expect it to be a marginal cool climate region, but British Columbia is like no other place on earth when it comes to growing UNIQUE? grapes. BC has the unique combination of extreme heat and cold that results in intense fruit-driven, fresh and structured wines.

NOT A COOL CLIMATE? With the vineyards north of 49° latitude, you would expect a very cool climate similar to other wine producing areas at this latitude, like the Champagne region of France and much of Germany that are indeed very chilly places to grow grapes. The Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley, where most of British Columbia’s grapes are grown, belie their location and instead of being cool have a unique climate best described as a short, hot growing season with desert-like conditions.

IT’S A DESERT While grapes are grown in many parts of southern British Columbia, 90% of all vineyards are in the Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley, a four-hour drive east from the city of Vancouver. Between Vancouver and wine country is the Coastal Mountain Range. These impressive mountains strip the moisture from the weather that comes from the Pacific Ocean and, while Vancouver is a coastal city, the Okanagan and Similkameen enjoy dry, desert-like conditions. Annual precipitation (combined rainfall and snow) levels range between 318 mm (12 inches) in Osoyoos on the USA border and 415 mm (16 inches) in Kelowna, 100 km (62 miles) to the north. The dry desert region of the south Okanagan Valley is the northern point of the network of deserts that stretch right through the USA and into Mexico. Low rainfall and lots of sunshine make it easy to farm sustainably and help produce pure, intensely fruit-driven wines. Prine George

GRAPEGROWING REGIONS GOING TO THE EXTREMES AROUND THE WORLD BRITISH It gets very hot and yet it can get very cold in British Columbia vineyards, and often on Growing Degree Days (measured in the same day. The diurnal temperature swing between day and night can be as much as COLUMBIA Celsius) is defined as the sum of the 30°C (86°F) or more, something very rare anywhere else in the world. Temperatures ALBERTA monthly mean temperature. in the winter can dip below -20°C (-4°F) and then hit +40°C (104°F) in the summer. Grapegrowing in British Columbia is about extremes. The cool nights have a big impact OVER 10°C (50°F) DURING on wine quality. While the sun and heat create intense fruit flavours in the wines, the THE GROWING SEASON cool nights preserve natural acidity keeping the wines fresh and lively – a signature trait Calgary Lillooet of the Wines of British Columbia. Kaloops Fraser Valley, BC...... 900 LET THE SUN SHINE Geisenheim, Germany...... 1,050 Kelowna The northern latitude also has a big advantage when it comes to sunlight. During the Nanaio Epernay, France peak of the growing season, British Columbia vineyards will see as much as two hours Vanouver Kereeos (Champagne)...... 1,050 more sunlight per day than famed regions such as Napa Valley in California. This is like Osoyoos the vines enjoying an extra day of sunshine every week and, because of this, the vines Cowichan Valley rarely have trouble producing ripe, intensely flavoured fruit, and are able to do it over a (Vancouver Island), BC...... 1,100 Vitoria USA shorter number of days. Seattle Marlborough, New Zealand.... 1,200 A SHORT, HOT GROWING SEASON Kelowna, BC...... 1,155 The combination of dry conditions, hot days and long daylight hours with lots of Naramata, BC...... 1,320 sunlight means the Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley have a condensed, hot VANCOUVER GULF FRASER SIMILKAMEEN OKANAGAN EMERGING and intense growing season. Budbreak can start weeks after places like Bordeaux in ISLAND ISLANDS VALLEY VALLEY VALLEY REGIONS Burgundy, France...... 1,320 France but harvest will often take place around the same time between September and October. This short, hot growing season is unique to British Columbia; there isn’t Yarra Valley, Australia...... 1,360 anything else like it in the world.

Similkameen Valley, BC ...... 1,360 BRITISH COLUMBIA IN A BOTTLE Black Creek Thetis Island Sechelt Keremeos Lake Country Shuswap Courtenay/Comox Salt Spring Island Vancouver Cawston Kelowna Prince George Okanagan Falls, BC ...... 1,405 This unique climate makes unique wines. The Wines of British Columbia have bright Alberni Valley Pender Island Richmond West Kelowna Lillooet natural acidity along with ripe fruit with pure and intense flavours. There is also natural Parksville Saturna Island Delta Peachland West Kootenays Yakima, Washington...... 1,426 tannin structure in the red wines that gives great ability to age. Our wines offer great Nanaimo Denman Island New Westminster Summerland Kamloops acid, tannin, fruit and concentrated flavours - naturally. Cowichan Valley Hornby Island Surrey Naramata Napa, California...... 1,450 Saanich Peninsula Quadra Island Langley / Penticton Aldergrove Niagara, Ontario...... 1,450 Victoria Kaleden Abbotsford Sooke Okanagan Falls Golden Mile (Oliver), BC ...... 1,485 Oliver Osoyoos Black Sage Road Official Sub-Region (Osoyoos), BC...... 1,535 Golden Mile Bench FROM COAST TO DESERT DIVERSE TERROIR Even though much of the grapegrowing is concentrated within the Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley regions, there is a diverse group of other terroirs making interesting wine in British Columbia. On the coast, the regions of Vancouver Island, Gulf Islands and the Fraser Valley all enjoy a moderate, maritime climate. New frontiers for grapegrowing are also appearing inland including Spallumcheen/Shuswap, Kamloops, Lillooet, Lytton, Creston, Trail, Castlegar and Grand Forks.

THE AIR UP HERE An often-forgotten fact about British Columbia wine regions is that significant altitude is involved. Vineyards range from around 300 metres altitude near Osoyoos up to around 600 metres for some hillside vineyards near the town of Oliver. The Similkameen vineyards range from about 400 to 480 metres. In many countries, these would be considered high-altitude vineyards, yet another extreme in the diversity of British Columbia’s terroir.

DIGGING DEEP The vineyards of British Columbia have an interesting geological history. The Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley have a diverse range of soils formed by everything from volcanic to glacial action. A complex mix of soil formations, structures and types is the result and soils can vary considerably even within a small area. Driving through the Okanagan or Similkameen and looking at the steep rocky cliffs, you get an idea of the diversity of soils that underlie the vineyards, which have been shaped by years of sedimentation, stream and meltwater deposits, glacial till, windblown deposits and colluvial action. 2016 AWARDS

26TH NEW WORLD INTERNATIONAL 31ST ANNUAL PACIFIC RIM 10TH SYRAH DU MONDE 2016 • Fort Berens Estate Winery 2015 Riesling BC VQA British Columbia WINE COMPETITION INTERNATIONAL WINE COMPETITION 2016 SILVER • Indigenous World Winery 2013 Hee-Hee-Tel-Kin Red BEST OF VARIETAL / CLASS / GOLD BEST OF CLASS / GOLD • Burrowing Owl Estate Winery 2013 Syrah BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Noble Ridge Vineyard & Winery 2014 Mingle • Backyard Vineyards 2015 Nosey Neighbour White BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Jackson-Triggs Okanagan Estate 2012 SunRock Illumina BC VQA Okanagan Valley BC VQA Fraser Valley • Sandhill 2013 Small Lots Syrah Phantom Creek Vineyard BC VQA Okanagan Valley BC VQA Okanagan Valley BEST OF CLASS / GOLD TH • Nk’Mip Cellars 2014 Qwam Qwmt Pinot Noir 13 DECANTER WORLD WINE AWARDS • Moon Curser Vineyards 2013 Contraband Series Syrah • Church & State Wines 2013 Coyote Bowl 2nd Chapter BC VQA Okanagan Valley PLATINUM BC VQA Okanagan Valley Vineyard Syrah BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Mission Hill Family Estate Winery 2014 Reserve Riesling • CedarCreek Estate Winery 2014 Platinum Block 3 Riesling • Church & State Wines 2014 Lost Inhibitions BC VQA 77TH LOS ANGELES INTERNATIONAL WINE Icewine BC VQA Okanagan Valley BC VQA Okanagan Valley Okanagan Valley AWARDS 2016 • See Ya Later Ranch 2015 Pinot Gris GOLD BC VQA Okanagan Valley RD BEST OF CLASS / GOLD 23 CHARDONNAY DU MONDE • CedarCreek Estate Winery 2014 Platinum Block 5 • Steller’s Jay 2009 Brut BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Moon Curser Vineyards 2013 Carmenere Chardonnay BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Summerhill Pyramid Winery NV Cipes Brut GOLD BC VQA Okanagan Valley (Silver – Series) • Nk’Mip Cellars 2013 Qwam Qwmt Merlot BC • Kalala Organic Estate Winery 2013 Chardonnay Icewine BC VQA Okanagan Valley VQA Okanagan Valley TH BC VQA Okanagan Valley 36 ALL CANADIAN • Summerhill Pyramid Winery 2012 Cabernets • Quails’ Gate 2013 Stewart Family Reserve Chardonnay WINE CHAMPIONSHIPS 2016 BC VQA Okanagan Valley 47TH INTERNATIONAL WINE & SPIRIT BC VQA Okanagan Valley TROPHY: BEST RED WINE OF THE YEAR / DOUBLE GOLD TH COMPETITION 2016 • See Ya Later Ranch 2013 Rover BC VQA Okanagan Valley 16 WINE ALIGN NATIONAL AWARDS OF • Deep Roots Winery 2014 Syrah BC VQA Okanagan Valley CANADA GOLD OUTSTANDING • Tinhorn Creek 2014 Chardonnay TROPHY: BEST WHITE WINE OF THE YEAR / DOUBLE GOLD • Inniskillin Okanagan Vineyards 2012 Dark Horse Riesling BC VQA Okanagan Valley BEST PERFORMING SMALL WINERY OF THE YEAR • Arrowleaf Cellars 2015 Riesling BC VQA Okanagan Valley (10,000 Cases or Less) Icewine BC VQA Okanagan Valley 34TH DAN BERGER’S • Lake Breeze Vineyards GOLD INTERNATIONAL WINE COMPETITION 36TH SAN FRANCISCO • Mission Hill Family Estate Winery 2014 Terroir Collection INTERNATIONAL WINE COMPETITION TH CHAIRMAN’S AWARD 19 MONDIAL DES PINOTS No. 17 Silver Ranch Riesling BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Lake Breeze Vineyards 2014 Semillon BEST VERIETAL GOLD • Steller’s Jay 2009 Brut BC VQA Okanagan Valley BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Mission Hill Family Estate Winery 2015 Pinot Grigio • Arrowleaf Cellars Solstice Pinot Noir 2014 BC VQA Okanagan Valley 33RD INTERNATIONAL WINE CHALLENGE GOLD BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Poplar Grove Winery 2013 Cabernet Franc • Bench 1775 Winery 2014 Whistler Viognier Icewine SILVER BC VQA Okanagan Valley INTERVIN INTERNATIONAL WINE AWARDS • Meyer Family Vineyards 2014 Pinot Noir BC VQA Okanagan Valley CANADIAN WINERY OF THE YEAR BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Red Rooster Winery 2015 Reserve Pinot Gris DOUBLE GOLD • Nk’Mip Cellars • Bench 1775 Winery 2014 Whistler Viognier Ice Wine BBC VQA Okanagan Valleyy • Burrowing Owl Estate Winery 2013 Cabernet Sauvignon BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Red Rooster Winery 2015 Reserve Gewurztraminer BC VQA Okanagan Valley BC VQA Okanagan Valley • Cassini Cellars 2012 Maximus • Red Rooster Winery 2015 Pinot Gris BC VQA Okanagan Valley BC VQA Okanagan Valley HISTORY OF THE WINES 2012: 2013: 2014: 2015: 2016:

Summerhill Pyramid Mission Hill Family Estate BC now boasts over 230 Golden Mile Bench Provincial Government OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Winery becomes the Winery receives an grape wineries and sales of named as BC’s first announces new first vineyard in BC to International Trophy for BC VQA Wine exceed $220 official sub-appellation. regulations for creating receive their Biodynamic Best Pinot Noir under 15£ million CAD. BC VQA celebrates 25 sub-appellations in BC. Since the birth of the modern BC Wine Industry from signing the free trade agreement, vast improvements Demeter Certification. at the prestigious years of excellence! have been made in understanding the unique BC terroir and the quality of wines has improved rapidly. Decanter World Wine Awards. This is the first time a Canadian winery has won an international > 1859: 1907: 1912-22: 1921: 1927: 1930 - 1960: trophy at these awards. Father Charles Earliest record of a Canadian Growers’ Wine J.W. Hughes Extensive planting Pandosy plants serious attempt at Prohibition. Company of planted vineyards of labrusca vines at the grape production Victoria uses in the Kelowna area varietals. Oblate Mission in Salmon Arm by loganberries and at what is now in Kelowna. W.J. Wilcox. then labrusca Tantalus Vineyards. grapes for wine 2011: 2010: 2009: 2006: 2005: production. There are now over 200 Summerhill Pyramid Sales of BC VQA Sales of BC VQA Wine in Sales of BC VQA Wine grape wineries in British Winery recieves the Wine in BC surpass BC surpass $134 million in BC top $120 million Columbia. BC VQA trophy for Best Bottle $166 million CAD. CAD. 133 wineries in CAD. BC VQA Wine Wine sales exceed $196 Fermented Sparkling 174 wineries in operation. Jackson-Triggs becomes the million CAD. Wine at the International operation. Okanagan Estate’s Grand number-one-selling 1977 - 1982: 1974: 1966: 1962: 1932: Wine and Spirit Reserve Shiraz wins the premium wine category Competition in London, a prestigious Shiraz/Syrah in the province for the Becker project – 33 The federal Total BC vineyard The first French Calona opens first for a Canadian of the Year at the first time ahead of all vinifera varieties proven government brings in plantings reach hybrids are planted as the first winery. International Wine and other wine-importing to ripen and produce 4,000 vinifera vines 2,000 acres. by Stewart and commercial winery Spirit Competition in countries. An estimated premium quality wines to experiment Capozzi families. in the Okanagan. London - a first ever for a 81 wineries in operation. in the Okanagan – a with new varieties at North American winery. turning point for the 18 different sites. industry.

1984: 1988: 1990: 1992: 1994: 1995: 1998: 2003: 2004:

13 wineries in The General Agreement on Tariffs VQA (Vintners Quality In their first year, sales BC wines begin to win awards. An estimated 30 Sales of BC VQA Sales of BC VQA Wine in Awards and medals continue, with operation in BC. and Trade (GATT) opens the market Alliance) standards are put of BC VQA Wine in BC Mission Hill Family Estate’s wineries are in Wine in BC top BC top $63 million CAD. Jackson-Triggs Okanagan Estate’s and puts pressure to focus on into place in BC. top $6 million CAD. Grand Reserve Chardonnay operation in BC. $40 million CAD. An estimated 81 wineries winemaker Bruce Nicholson being quality. Roughly 2,400 acres of 1992 wins the Avery Trophy for in operation. named Winemaker of the Year at labrusca and French hybrids are “Best Chardonnay Worldwide” the prestigious San Francisco removed leaving 1,000 acres of at the International Wine and International Wine Competition. premium vinifera vines. Spirit Competition in London, stunning the wine world. THE PAST PAST, PRESENT Even with a history of growing grapes for over 100 years, the modern BC wine industry we see today is quite new, really only beginning in the early 1990s. Before this time, with the exception of a few industry pioneers, most of the grapes were hybrids and the & FUTURE focus was on quantity rather than quality. In the 1990s everything changed with the signing of NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) between Canada and the United States. From this point, the only way to compete was on quality and the subsequent planting of quality vinifera varieties saw the beginning of the modern industry. With the onset of free trade, the government gave the option for growers to remove their vines and plant a different crop. Two-thirds of the grape acreage was removed leaving only approximately 1,000 acres of grapes, only half of which was estimated to VINEYARD ACREAGE GROWTH IN NUMBERS be quality vinifera grapes. OF GRAPE WINERIES

12,000 THE PRESENT 2016 275* 10,260 Being a young industry and planting grapes in new locations, the initial wines attempted 2015 255 10,000 9866 to mimic some of the tried and true styles and techniques from other more established 9100 2014 232 regions in the world. This met with limited success as one cannot simply apply the recipe 2013 217 of one area to the unique conditions of BC’s wine regions. 8,000 6632 5462 2012 212 4200 2011 201 Now with more than 25 years of experience testing different theories and figuring out the right place for the right grape, a true BC style of wine is being established. The exciting 4,000 2010 182 potential of BC wine has attracted talented winemakers and grapegrowers from around 2149 2009 170 the world. Plantings boomed in the late 2000s increasing the overall acreage by 50%. 2,000 1476 2008 154 2007 134 With many grapegrowers and winemakers having been involved in 10, 20 or more 0 2006 131 vintages, there is starting to be a great understanding of the unique British Columbian 1990 1994 1999 2004 2006 2008 2011 2014 2005 119 terroir. Now established as a quality wine region, the wines continue to gain in complexity and excellence as experience, ambition and vine age combine to make ever 2004 102 better wine. 2003 87 2002 72 THE FUTURE 2001 66 2000 60 With a focus on terroir-driven wines, the industry is looking towards creating 1995 32 more sub-appellations. In 2015, the Golden Mile Bench became the first official sub‑appellation in BC and there are many more wanting to follow in their footsteps. 1990 17 With our reputation for quality wines, there has been increased demand for exporting *December 2016 the Wines of British Columbia and we expect to see strong growth in many key markets including the USA, Hong Kong, China and the UK. THE PIONEERS BRITISH COLUMBIA’S VINEYARD ACREAGE With the large number of wineries existing today, it is easy to focus on just the exciting The official name for wine regions in British Columbia is Geographical Indications (GI). developments happening now, forgetting how British Columbian wine got to this point. Five specific regional GIs can be used on labels of BC VQA Wine. If the grapes come from outside one There are many fascinating stories along the way. of these GIs, or are blends from more than one GI, they will be labelled British Columbia. Dick Stewart of the Stewart family, owners of Quails’ Gate Winery, started planting grapes before there was a bridge between Kelowna and the west side of Okanagan Lake. Most of it was hybrid varieties but one mis-order turned out to be the vinifera variety Chasselas, which he planted in 1961 and continues to be one of Quails’ Gate Winery’s best sellers. Earlier unsuccessful attempts with vinifera had been made close to Kelowna International Airport by the Rittich family. The problem early on was that the vine spacing was too wide with too much crop expected from each plant, something that made them weak when the winter freeze hit. More grapes were planted in the 1960s by the likes of George and Trudy Heiss of Gray Monk Estate Winery, while Andrew Peller had already planted a vineyard in the Similkameen in 1959 before going on to plant the renowned Inkameep Vineyard in Oliver in the early 1970s. The 1970s was the first time vinifera grapes started to take hold. Riesling vines at what are now Tantalus Vineyards and Sperling Vineyards, both in Kelowna, were planted in 1978. In the 1980s, Sumac Ridge Estate Winery, Gray Monk Estate Winery and what is now CedarCreek Estate Winery were some of the first on the scene followed by Gehringer Brothers Estate Winery and what is now See Ya Later Ranch. All these pioneers have sacrificed, with many trials and many errors to figure out what works in the vineyard, shaping the industry we see today.

BC VQA | 100% BC GRAPES British Columbia’s Vintners Quality Alliance (BC VQA) is an appellation of origin system developed in 1990. Similar to those around the world, the BC VQA designation is a guarantee that you are purchasing 100% BC wine. BC VQA certified wines are also tasted by a qualified panel to ensure that they are fault free prior to being able to use BC VQA on their labels. 4% 1% 2% 6% 84% 3% The BC VQA program is operated by the BC Wine Authority, a completely independent regulatory body established by the province to oversee and enforce the Wines of Marked Quality Regulation.

VANCOUVER GULF FRASER SIMILKAMEEN OKANAGAN EMERGING ISLAND ISLANDS VALLEY VALLEY VALLEY REGIONS OKANAGAN VALLEY OKANAGAN VALLEY 174 LICENSED WINERIES The Okanagan Valley is synonymous with BC wine as it is by far the largest region, comprising, 84% of all BC’s vineyards and is home to the majority of its wineries. The CALONA VINEYARDS climate is one of extremes, with temperatures as low as -20°C (-4°F) in the winter and WAS THE 1ST WINERY as high as +40°C (104°F) in the summer. The growing season is typically short and hot OPENED IN 1931 with lots of sunshine and long days and low rainfall thanks to the moisture-stripping Coastal Mountain Range. The vineyards are mostly planted on the low slopes of the TOP GRAPES PLANTED sometimes steep valley walls. The north-south direction of the Okanagan Valley results in vineyards on both the MERLOT east and west sides of the valley. The east side is much warmer than the west side PINOT GRIS of the valley as it receives the hot afternoon sun long into the evening. There can be PINOT NOIR ripening differences of as much as two weeks for the same variety at the same latitude depending on which side of the valley it is planted. CHARDONNAY The dry conditions have benefits and challenges. Because of low rainfall and snowfall, CABERNET SAUVIGNON irrigation is essential. Pest and disease pressure is low due to the low levels of humidity GEWÜRZTRAMINER and, because of this, organic viticulture is becoming increasingly popular. The big CABERNET FRANC challenge is when the dry conditions combine with clear nights, losing the effect of clouds holding in heat, and cold arctic air flows in from the north that can send SYRAH temperatures plunging and kill buds or even entire vines. The series of lakes beginning RIESLING at Osoyoos Lake at the USA border through most areas of the Okanagan Valley SAUVIGNON BLANC provides some natural moderation of the harsh climate, protecting vineyards from spring and fall frosts and extremes of winter cold. Some areas, such as most of the vineyards around Oliver, do not have the protection of the lakes and can be more prone 8,620 ACRES PLANTED to temperature extremes, both hot and cold. IN THE REGION Because of the large size of the Okanagan Valley, there are moves being made to divide the region into sub-GIs to reflect the varying climate and grape varieties that are successful in the different parts of the valley.

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Orofino Valley Vaseux Willowbrook Creek McIntyre McIntyre 10 Canyon 7 Dam Fan 7 Meyers McIntyre Ewl Bluff Flats 97 Ewl

McLean Rd. 3 2 Ev

9 Gallagher Pine Lake Bluff 7 7 3 K Footbridge 5 Mount 5 Atsikluk 7 Legend Okanagan River Ev Valley McLellan 4 9 Dusty Mac Ev 2 SURFICIAL DEPOSIT LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS BEDROCK LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS 3 Okanagan 3 *Ages are approximate. BP means Before Present. Em Gold Mine Tertiary (Mainly Eocene) Fairview-Westlake Rd. 5 Falls Recent Age (Holocene) Esbx Skaha Formation, megabreccia. 3 Ev (? Miocene Age) 3 1 Active floodplain, fan and beach; sand, 5 9 gravel, organic, (1,000 BP* to Present) Ewl White Lake Formation, sandstone, siltstone, coal layers, conglomerate, 2 Raised beach and alluvial fan; sand, volcanic and volcanic tuff interbeds; N Ev Peachcliff ggn gravel (8,000 to 1,000 BP*) fossil plant remains. 1 Eroded 7 3 Steep slope in bedrock or surficial deposit, Em Marama Formation, dacite, volcanic, 7 colluvium, landslide designated LS (12,000 pipe and dome remnants, breccia, Crevasse 1 BP* to Present) 3 (Giants Head, Peach Cliff, Munson Oliver re-historic channel of Okanagan River, Mountain). Field 4 P Mountain 8 sand, gravel (4,000 to 1,000 BP*) 8 7 Ev Penticton Group volcanic deposits, Tuc 9 5 Alluvial terraces, bars and fans; ancestral fifteen formations, undifferentiated. Shuttleworth el 3 streams related to flood stages of the ice 5 Nuit Ewl Canyon dam failure near Vaseux Lake (12,000 to Jurrassic to Cretaceous Lake 8,000 BP*) LKgd-mb Granodiorite, Skaha Bluffs. Oliver Gypo Pleistocene Age (Fraser Glaciation) JKg Okanagan Batholith, granite. Pluton Quartz 4 3 K 6 Glacial Lake Penticton Sediments, benches JKo Oliver Pluton, granite Vein K ggn and terraces, silt, sand, gravel (12,000 to Jqm-b Quartz Monzonite 9 Baldy Rd. 10,000 BP*) Oliver 97 7 Glacial outwash, terraces, channels, sand, Lower Jurassic to Middle Jurassic Sewage 5 gravel (12,000 to 10,000 years BP*) MJg Anarchist Granite Lagoon CTrsv 9 8 Kettled outwash, terraces, sand, gravel, till MJgd Summerland Granite 3 K (12,000 to 11,000 years BP*) Ewl 8 LJgd-m Osoyoos Granodiorite 9 Lake Oliver Sediments, terrace, bench, 97 8 9 8 ggn silt, varved clay, sand, overlain by flood Late Triassic deposits, outwash sand and gravel, or Fairview Fairview Rd. locally by till, diamicton, boulders, wind LTgd Osoyoos Lake Gneiss K blown sand (20,000 to 17,000 BP*) Esbx 1 Carboniferous to Upper Triassic K 8 Pre-Fraser Glaciation Age 8 3 3 CTrsv Mount Kobau Rocks, amphibolite, schist, 9 10 Buried fan, boulder gravel (18,000 BP* greenstone, minor marble. Includes 9 White 4 and older) Shoemaker and Old Tom Formations of 5 8 3 9 Lake Upper Triassic age, volcanic rocks, cherty K tuff, breccia, silicified tuff. 8 Mount K Devonian(?) to Cretaceous 4 SYMBOLS Gravel Pit Hawthorne ggn Okanagan Metamorphic and Plutonic 2 Photogeologic Mine Complex (“Okanagan Complex” and/ Ewl contact or “Okanagan Gneiss”), granitic gneiss 1 8 3 3 Bedrock, fractures, K Kettle and migmatite, mylonitic zone in the 3 Ewl joints Okanagan Valley Fault zone. (McIntyre, Tinhorn Indian 8 K Pine and Eagle Bluffs, Naramata Bench.) Trace of bedrock Landslide Canyon 2 strata LS Head Fault in bedrock Canal 8 Keans 2 Glacial lineation Cutoff Meanders, Creek Prominent bedrock 3 Green Lake scarp Okanagan 0 1km 2km 9 River Hester Valley Narrow bedrock 2 Ewl Water Dog canyon Major Canyon Quartz Monzonite Meltwater Scale (approximate) Lake ggn Prominent scarp in Valley Esbx

surficial deposit Sandpoint Drive ++ KVR ++ Kettle Valley 8 Dam Railway 8 Ev 9 2 9 7 3 4 Testalinden Black Sage Road 3 Canyon 8 1 Osoyoos Lake Mahoney Saline Lake 5 Gneiss 8

Lake Old CPR Line 8 Vaseux Em 7 Lake Irrigation Sub-Regions of the Okanagan – The Next Phase in 2 Creek 8 3 BC Terroir 97 Kobau Deadman Group Lake varved The next phase in further identifying and understanding British CTrsvclay CTrsv Osoyoos Lake 8 3 ggn Gneiss Mount Keogan Columbia terroir is to create sub-regions within the large Okanagan 1 Inkaneep Creek 8 KELOWNA 8 9 9

Valley linked to unique climates, soil types and resultant wine Spotted Lake CTrsv 9 K 2 2 Eagle 3 9 styles. So far, only one sub-GI has been created, the Golden Mile 3 3 Bluff 7 3 7 ggn Bench in Oliver. Orofino ValleyOsoyoos Lake 9 Vaseux Willowbrook Creek 9 In addition to the creation of sub-regions, many wineries also 1 3 McIntyre Reconaissance Geologic Map Osoyoos Desert Centre McIntyre 10 Canyon identify single-vineyard wines. 8 Dam 97 Fan 3 2 ggn South Okanagan, British Columbia 3 McIntyre The development of single-vineyard wines in British Columbia is not MeyersX NK’Mip Desert Cultural Centre Osoyoos JKo 5 Bluff limited to small producers, but is a product of wineries, even those Murray A. Roed, 2011 Granodiorite Flats K 97 2 Osoyoos 3 3 with many vineyards, putting a focus on terroir. It’s a realization that Map based on air photo interpretation (2001 air photographs), reconaissance field checking, generalized bedrock mapping Mount 2 Kruger 9 from map compiled by Andrew Okulitch (Geological Survey of Canada). Roads shown are approximate. 3 MJg some sites will naturally produce higher quality wines. These lots 9 9 Pine Haynes Point Gallagher Mapping by Murray A. Roed, 4890 Westridge Drive, Kelowna, BC V1W 3A1 Lake Bluff are being harvested, made and bottled separately and labelled with For more information, email [email protected] 8 Anarchist Kobau Mountain 5 3 the vineyard name. In order to be labelled as a single-vineyard wine Group 2 Viewpoint7

under the Wines of Marked Quality Regulation, 100% of the grapes 5 CANADA 97 LS ggn must be sourced from the named vineyard. USA JKo Atsikluk Legend Okanagan River Valley ggn 4 Although only one official sub-GI exists, the British Columbia Wine 9 SURFICIAL DEPOSIT LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS BEDROCKSub-Region: LEGEND - TOWNSITE Black MAPS Sage-Osoyoos Institute (WineBC.org) breaks the Okanagan down into the unofficial *Ages are approximate. BP means Before Present. Tertiary (Mainly Eocene) Fairview-Westlake Rd. 5 ggn sub-regions (from south to north) Black Sage/Osoyoos, Okanagan Recent Age (Holocene) EsbxThe vineyards Skaha Formation, closest megabreccia. to the USA border tend to be the warmest. The vineyards in this3 (? Miocene Age) 3 Falls, Naramata/Penticton and Kelowna/Lake Country. These 1 Active floodplain, fan and beach; sand, sub-region are mostly planted on the east side of Osoyoos Lake and up along the Black 5 9 PENTICTON gravel, organic, (1,000 BP* to Present) Ewl White Lake Formation, sandstone, unofficial sub-regions were identified based on climatic studies by siltstone, coal layers, conglomerate, 2 Raised beach and alluvial fan; sand, Sage Benchvolcanic to and the volcanic south tuff interbeds; end of Oliver. ThisN area benefits from long evening sunlight gravel (8,000 to 1,000 BP*) fossil plant remains. 1 Eroded scientists at the Summerland Research and Development Centre. hours while the Osoyoos vineyards also benefit from the protective moderating effect 3 Steep slope in bedrock or surficial deposit, Em Marama Formation, dacite, volcanic, 7 colluvium, landslide designated LS (12,000 pipe and dome remnants, breccia, Crevasse BP* to Present) of the lake that sits at 276 metres above sea level. (Giants Head, Peach Cliff, Munson Oliver Jqm-b 4 P re-historic channel of Okanagan River, Mountain). Field Sub-Regions of the Okanagan Valley (Unofficial) Mountain MJg sand, gravel (4,000 to 1,000 BP*) 7 Ev This warm Penticton climate Group volcanicmakes deposits, this the ideal sub-region for longer ripening red grapes such Tuc 9 5 Alluvial terraces, bars and fans; ancestral fifteen formations, undifferentiated. JKo • Black Sage Bench / Osoyoos el 3 streams related to flood stages of the ice as Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah/ Shiraz. This area produces 5 Nuit dam failure near Vaseux Lake (12,000 to Jurrassic to Cretaceous Lake 8,000 BP*) around 50% of all Okanagan Valley grapes. The desert influence is obvious with few • Okanagan Falls / North Oliver LKgd-mb Granodiorite, Skaha Bluffs. Oliver Gypo Pleistocene Age (Fraser Glaciation) JKgtrees on theOkanagan hillsides, Batholith, granite. which are dominated by wild sagebrush and other nativePluton desertQuartz 4 3 • Naramata / Penticton 6 Glacial Lake Penticton Sediments, benches JKo Oliver Pluton, granite Vein OKANAGAN FALLS plants. The vineyards are nearly all situated on deep, stone free, sandy glaciofluvial 9 and terraces, silt, sand, gravel (12,000 to Jqm-b Quartz Monzonite Baldy Rd. • Kelowna / Lake Country 10,000 BP*) parent materials, overlying granite bedrock. The soils are rapidly drained and have very Oliver 7 Glacial outwash, terraces, channels, sand, Lower Jurassic to Middle Jurassic Sewage 5 gravel (12,000 to 10,000 years BP*) Till Rides MJglow moistureAnarchist holding Granite capacity, but are well suited to grape production.Lagoon Jqm-b 9 8 Kettled outwash, terraces, sand, gravel, till MJgd Summerland Granite 3 Fairview-Westlake Rd. Sub-Regions of the Okanagan Valley (Official) (12,000 to 11,000 years BP*) GOGOLDENL LJgd-mGrowing Degree Osoyoos Granodiorite Days: 1,360 to 1,630. Average: 1492 9 Lake Oliver Sediments, terrace, bench, 8 9 97 8 • Golden Mile Bench silt, varved clay, sand, overlain by flood Late Triassic MIMILE deposits, outwash sand and gravel, or Fairview Fairview Rd. locally by till, diamicton, boulders, wind LTgd Osoyoos Lake Gneiss CTrsv blown sand (20,000 to 17,000 BP*) BLACK SAGE Carboniferous to Upper Triassic 8 3 3 Pre-Fraser Glaciation Age 9 CTrsMapv Credit: Murray Mount K A.obau Roed Rocks in, amphibolite Okanagan, sch Geologyist, South, 2011. Edited by Murray A. Roed and Robert J. Fulton. /OSOYOOS 10 Buried fan, boulder gravel (18,000 BP* greenstone, minor marble. Includes 9 Available from Sandhill Book Distributors Ltd., Kelowna. 4 and older) Shoemaker and Old Tom Formations of 5 3 SSISIMILKAMEENMIM LKAAMEEN CTrsv 9 Upper Triassic age, volcanic rocks, cherty tuff, breccia, silicified tuff. 4 VALLEYVVAALLLEY Devonian(?) to Cretaceous Jqm-b SYMBOLS Gravel Pit ggn Okanagan Metamorphic and Plutonic CTrsv 2 Photogeologic Mine Complex (“Okanagan Complex” and/ contact or “Okanagan Gneiss”), granitic gneiss 1 8 3 Bedrock, fractures, K Kettle and migmatite, mylonitic zone in the 3 joints Okanagan Valley Fault zone. (McIntyre, Tinhorn Pine and Eagle Bluffs, Naramata Bench.) Trace of bedrock Landslide Canyon 2 strata LS Jqm-b Canal CTrsv Fault in bedrock 8 2 Glacial lineation Cutoff Prominent bedrock Meanders, 3 scarp Okanagan 0 1km 2km 9 River Hester Narrow bedrock 2 Jqm-b Water Dog canyon Major Canyon Meltwater Scale (approximate) Lake Prominent scarp in Valley

surficial deposit Sandpoint Drive ++ KVR ++ Kettle Valley 8 Dam Railway X Landfill CTrsv 9 2 9 Osoyoos Lake 3 4 Gneiss Testalinden Canyon Black Sage Road 8 1 5 LTgd 8

LTgd

CTrsv 97 Kobau Deadman Group Lake varved clay Osoyoos Lake 8 3 Gneiss

8 1 Inkaneep Creek 9 9

Spotted Lake 9 2 3 9 3 3

Osoyoos Lake 9

9 1 3 Reconaissance Geologic Map Osoyoos Desert Centre LTgd 8 97 3 2 South Okanagan, British Columbia 3 X NK’Mip Desert Cultural Centre Osoyoos 5 Murray A. Roed, 2011 Granodiorite K 2 LJgd-m Osoyoos LTgd 3 Map based on air photo interpretation (2001 air photographs), reconaissance field checking, generalized bedrock mapping Mount Kruger 9 from map compiled by Andrew Okulitch (Geological Survey of Canada). Roads shown are approximate. 3 9 Mapping by Murray A. Roed, 4890 Westridge Drive, Kelowna, BC V1W 3A1 Haynes Point LTgd For more information, email [email protected] CTrsv 8 Anarchist Kobau Mountain 5 Group 2 Viewpoint

CANADA 97 LS USA 6 97

VERNON

3

Eneas Creek 6 N 1 Crescent KVR Kalamalka 6 Beach Lake 6 Sumac Ridge BRITISH ALBERTA 97 COLUMBIA MJgd 7 6 Okanagan Wood Lake Jones’ Flat KVR M Lake VERNON Ellison Lake ggn Ritchie Strandline U.S.A. 5 3

6 6 KELOWNA 5 5 3 Eneas Creek 97C 97 6 6 N Mill Bay Ev Ev Crescent JKg 3 1 Summerland 3 KVR Kalamalka Gulch Rd MJgd 6 Beach Lake 8 8 Giants Naramata Creek Canyon PEACHLAND OKANAGAN Sumac Ridge Prairie Valley 8 Okanagan Lake K VALLEY BRITISH ALBERTA Head 6 Ewl 6 97 FAULT COLUMBIA KVR 3 7 6 Okanagan Wood Lake 6 K Naramata 5 3 MAP AREA Jones’ Flat Lake KVR 2 Arawana Rd M 5 8 Ellison Lake KVR Volcanic, siltstone, Mount volcanic beds U.S.A. Conkle 3 6 NARAMATA Ritchie Strandline Zimmerman Gulch 5 3 Granite SUMMERLAND 6 Ev 6 6 KELOWNA lateral morraine 5 5 ggn 3 Trout 3 6 Volcanic 2 KVR PENTICTON 97C 97 Deposits Creek 6 Fan Mill Bay 3 3 7 Summerland SUMMERLAND7 FAULT Skaha Lake Gulch Rd 8 LS Sun Oka Park 8 3A KALEDEN OKANAGAN Giants Naramata Creek Canyon PEACHLAND OKANAGAN 7 3 6 FALLS Prairie Valley K 8 Okanagan Lake VALLEY Head 6 6 Golf Vaseux Lake Em 97 FAULT Course LS KVR 3 Crater 6 K Naramata 5 Mountain White Lake 3 MAP AREA 3 MJgd KVR 2 5 8 Arawana Rd 8 KEREMEOS OLIVER Mount KVR 97 0 10 25 Ewl Scale 6 Conkle Ewl 3 6 NARAMATA Rock kilometres Zimmerman Gulch JKg Slide SUMMERLAND Three 6 Summerland Mile 8 Point Ewl MJgd Granite OSOYOOS lateral morraine Okanagan 3 3 Ev Trout 3 6 Lake 2 Creek KVR ggn PENTICTON

3 Okanagan Fan KVR Madeline Canyon 97 Gneiss 7 Mount SUMMERLAND7 FAULT Skaha Lake Nkwala LS Sun Oka Park 3A KALEDEN OKANAGAN 7 3 6 FALLS Munson Mtn. KVR MJgd 3 Golf Ev LS Vaseux Lake Penticton Course Crater Creek Canyon Mountain White Lake 3 KVR 6 Ev 8 KEREMEOS OLIVER 2 Penticton M Jgd 97 0 10 25 5 MJgd Scale 2 Rock 6 3 kilometres 6 2 Slide Three Mile 8 8 KVR MJgd Point 5 OSOYOOS 5 Okanagan 3 MJgd Lake Shingle Creek Okanagan Gneiss 3 3 KVR 6 Madeline Canyon 97 Mount ggn Granite Nkwala 97 5 Ellis Creek Canyon

3 Raised 6 Beaches Munson Mtn. KVR Em 3 6 Airport Penticton Skaha Bluffs Creek Canyon

6 6

East Side Rd. Penticton 2 ggn 6 Skaha Bluffs 5 Granodiorite 2 Skaha M 3 Jgd 6 Lake 2 3

8 KVR 5 5

3 Shingle Creek ggn 3 Felis Ck Fan 6

Ev 8 Parkway” “Volcanic MJgd

East Side Rd. 97 5 Ellis Creek Canyon 6 Ev 97 3 3 Raised 6 Beaches

3 Skaha 6 Lake 6 Airport 8 Skaha Bluffs

Ev 6 4A Kaleden 6 to Keremeos

7 7 East Side Rd. 6 Okanagan Gneiss LKgd-mb 6 Skaha

6 Lake 7 97 3 Penticton 7 Volcanic VERNON

Deposits McLean Rd.

3

Eneas Creek 7 6 N 1 Crescent KVR Kalamalka Footbridge 6 Beach Lake Mount 5 7 Sumac Ridge Ev McLellan BRITISH ALBERTA Dusty Mac COLUMBIA Okanagan 2 3 7 6 Okanagan Wood Lake 3 Gold Mine 3 Falls M Jones’ Flat Lake KVR Ellison Lake

Ritchie Strandline U.S.A. 5 3 Felis Ck Fan Peachcliff 7 6 6 KELOWNA 5 1 3 5 97C 97

6 Parkway” “Volcanic 8 White Lake Formation, 8 Mill Bay 8 Shuttleworth Summerland 3 3 Gulch Rd East Side Rd. sandstone, siltstone Canyon 8 8 & volcanic deposits Giants Naramata Creek Canyon PEACHLAND OKANAGAN Prairie Valley K 8 Okanagan Lake VALLEY Head 6 6 6 97 FAULT KVR 3 97 6 K Naramata 5 3 97 MAP AREA 2 5 8 Arawana Rd 3 8 KVR Volcanic, siltstone, Mount volcanic beds Conkle 3 6 NARAMATA Zimmerman Gulch Skaha Okanagan Granite SUMMERLAND Formation 1 8 Gneiss 6 lateral morraine White 3 Trout 3 6 8 Lake Volcanic 2 Creek KVR 3 PENTICTON 8 Mount Deposits Em Skaha ggn Hawthorne Fan 6 7 SUMMERLAND7 FAULT Skaha Lake 3 LS Sun Oka Park Lake Indian 8 8 3A KALEDEN OKANAGAN Head 7 3 6 FALLS Keans Golf Vaseux Lake Creek Course LS Green Lake Crater Ev Kaleden Valley Mountain 4A White Lake Penticton 3 6 toKVR Keremeos Volcanic 8 8 Em KEREMEOS OLIVER 97 0 10 25 Deposits Scale Rock 6 7 7 kilometres Slide 7 Three 3 Ewl Summerland Mile Mahoney Saline Lake 8 Point 8 Granite OSOYOOS 3 Lake Old CPR Line Vaseux Ev Okanagan 7 Lake Lake Irrigation 3 Okanagan 6 ggn 2 Creek KVR 8 3 Madeline Canyon Gneiss Mount 97 Nkwala

7 Munson Mtn. KVR Mount Keogan 7 8 3 Ewl Penticton Ewl Creek Canyon McLean Rd. 2 Eagle 3 Ev Bluff 7 6 7 2 7 Penticton Orofino Valley 5 Vaseux 2 Willowbrook Creek 3 K 6 Footbridge McIntyre 2 Mount 5 7

McIntyre Canyon 8 Ev McLellan 10 KVR Dusty Mac Dam Fan 5 Ev 5 Okanagan 2 3 3 Em Gold Mine Meyers McIntyre Falls Bluff Shingle Creek Ev Okanagan Gneiss Flats 97 3 6 3 Ev Peachcliff ggn 2 Granite 7 5 97 Ellis Creek Canyon 1 3 9 Gallagher Pine 3 Raised 6 8 Lake Bluff 8 Beaches Shuttleworth Ewl Canyon 7 3 6 Airport Skaha Bluffs K 5 K ggn 6 Atsikluk 97 Legend Okanagan River Valley CTrsv 4 East Side Rd. 9 6 K Ewl 8 Skaha Bluffs SURFICIAL DEPOSIT LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS BEDROCK LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS Skaha Granodiorite ggn *Ages are approximate. BP means Before Present. K Tertiary (Mainly Eocene) Lake Fairview-Westlake Rd. 5 3 Esbx 1 K 8 Recent Age (Holocene) Esbx Skaha Formation, megabreccia. 3 (? Miocene Age) 3 White 1 Active floodplain, fan and beach; sand, 5 9 8 Lake K gravel, organic, (1,000 BP* to Present) Ewl White Lake Formation, sandstone, 8 Mount K siltstone, coal layers, conglomerate, 2 Raised beach and alluvial fan; sand, Hawthorne volcanic and volcanic tuff interbeds; N gravel (8,000 to 1,000 BP*) 1 fossil plant remains. Eroded Ewl3 3 Steep slope in bedrock or surficial deposit, Em Marama Formation, dacite, volcanic, 7 3 Ewl Felis Ck Fan 8 colluvium, landslide designated LS (12,000 pipe and dome remnants, breccia, Crevasse Indian K BP* to Present) (Giants Head, Peach Cliff, Munson Head Oliver Parkway” “Volcanic 4 P re-historic channel of Okanagan River, Mountain). Field 8 East Side Rd.Keans sand, gravel (4,000 to 1,000 BP*) Mountain 7 Ev Penticton Group volcanic deposits, 9 Tuc 6 Creek 5 Alluvial terraces, bars and fans; ancestral fifteen formations, undifferentiated. Green Lake el 97 Valley streams related to flood stages of the ice 3 Ewl 5 Nuit 3 dam failure near Vaseux Lake (12,000 to Jurrassic to Cretaceous Lake ggn 8,000 BP*) Esbx LKgd-mb Granodiorite, Skaha Bluffs. Oliver Gypo 8 JKg Okanagan Batholith, granite. 3 Pleistocene Age (Fraser Glaciation) Pluton Quartz 4 Ev Skaha 6 3 6 Glacial Lake Penticton Sediments, benches JKo Oliver Pluton, granite Vein 7 Lake 9 Baldy Rd. 8 and terraces, silt, sand, gravel (12,000 to Jqm-b Quartz Monzonite 3 10,000 BP*) Kaleden Saline Lake Oliver 4A Mahoney 8 7 Glacial outwash, terraces, channels, sand, Lower Jurassic to Middle Jurassic Sewage 5 6 to Keremeos Lake Old CPR Line gravel (12,000 to 10,000 years BP*) Vaseux MJg Anarchist Granite Lagoon 9 8 Kettled outwash, terraces, sand, gravel, till 7 Em 7 MJgd Summerland Granite 3 7 Lake Irrigation (12,000 to 11,000 years BP*) Okanagan 2 Creek LJgd-m Osoyoos Granodiorite 9 Lake Oliver Sediments, terrace, bench, 8 8 3Gneiss 9 97 8 6 silt, varved clay, sand, overlain by flood Late Triassic deposits, outwash sand and gravel, or Fairview Fairview Rd. locally by till, diamicton, boulders, wind LTgd Osoyoos Lake Gneiss 7 Penticton CTrsv blown sand (20,000 to 17,000 BP*) CTrsv 7 Carboniferous to Upper Triassic Volcanic Deposits McLean Rd. ggn Pre-Fraser Glaciation Age 8 3 3 CTrsv Mount Kobau Rocks, amphibolite, schist, 9 Mount Keogan 8 10 Buried fan, boulder gravel (18,000 BP* greenstone, minor marble. Includes 9 7 4 and older) Shoemaker and Old Tom Formations of 5 3 Footbridge 9 Mount 5 7 Upper Triassic age, volcanic rocks, cherty CTrsvMcLellan K Dusty Mac 2 Eagle tuff, breccia, silicified tuff. Okanagan 2 3 Gold Mine 3 3 7 Devonian(?) to Cretaceous 4 Falls Bluff SYMBOLS Gravel Pit 7 ggn ggn Okanagan Metamorphic and Plutonic 2 Peachcliff Photogeologic Complex (“Okanagan Complex” and/ 7 Mine 1 contact or “Okanagan Gneiss”), granitic gneiss Orofino Valley 3 1 3 8 Vaseux and migmatite, mylonitic zone in the 8 8 White Lake Formation, Willowbrook Shuttleworth Bedrock, fractures, K Kettle 3 Canyon Creek Okanagan Valley Fault zone. (McIntyre, sandstone, siltstone joints Tinhorn & volcanic deposits McIntyre Pine and Eagle Bluffs, Naramata Bench.) Trace of bedrock Landslide Canyon 2 McIntyre strata LS 97 10 Canyon Canal Dam Fan Fault in bedrock 8 8 2 ggn Glacial lineation Skaha Okanagan Cutoff 1 McIntyre Meanders, Formation Meyers8 Gneiss Prominent bedrock 3 White Bluff scarp Okanagan 9 8 Lake JKo River 0 1km 2km 8 Mount Hester Hawthorne Flats 97 Narrow bedrock 2 Water Dog Major Quartz Monzonite canyon Canyon 3 3 Meltwater Scale (approximate) Lake Indian 8 Prominent scarp in Valley Head 2 Keans surficial deposit Sandpoint Drive Creek ++ KVR ++ Kettle Valley 8 Green Lake Dam Railway Valley MJg 9 Penticton 9 Pine Volcanic 8 Gallagher 2 Deposits Lake Bluff 9 7 3 3 4 Mahoney Saline Lake 8 3 Testalinden Lake Old CPR Line Vaseux 7 7 Black Sage Road Lake Irrigation Canyon 2 Creek 8 1 Osoyoos Lake 8 3 5 Gneiss 5 ggn 8 JKo Atsikluk Legend Mount Keogan 8 Okanagan River Valley ggn 4 2 Eagle 9 3 Bluff 7 7 SURFICIAL DEPOSIT LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS BEDROCK LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS Sub-Region: Golden Mile Bench Sub-Region: OkanaganOrofino Valley Falls-North Oliver Willowbrook Vaseux *Ages are approximate. BP means Before Present. Creek Tertiary (Mainly Eocene) McIntyre 97 Fairview-Westlake Rd. 5 ggn Kobau McIntyre 10 Canyon Named BC’s first official sub-GI in 2015, theDeadman Golden Mile Bench is located on the west Recent Age (Holocene) EsbxOkanagan Skaha Falls Formation, and megabreccia. the north end of Oliver mark the transition fromDam Fanthe hot, South 3 Group 3 Lake (? Miocene Age) Meyers McIntyre varved 1 Active floodplain, fan and beach; sand, Bluff 9 side of the Okanagan Valley, south of the town of Oliver and almost directly oppositeclay EwlOkanagan White vineyards Lake Formation, to sandstone, those of the moreFlats moderate Central Okanagan97 area. The 5 gravel, organic, (1,000 BP* to Present) 3 siltstone, coal layers, conglomerate, 2 Osoyoos Lake the 14 vineyards of the Black Sage8 Bench. Its southerly latitude makes it a warm 2 Raised beach and alluvial fan; sand, vineyardsvolcanic lie on and both volcanic tuffsides interbeds; of the valley with the majority on the eastern side north 3 N 9 Gallagher Pine Gneiss gravel (8,000 to 1,000 BP*) 1 fossil plant remains. Lake Bluff Eroded

region but its location on the west side of the valley means it gets morning Inkaneeprather Creek than 3 Steep slope in bedrock or surficial deposit, of Oliver and above Vaseux Lake. The lake has a positive impact moderating the 7 1 Em Marama Formation, dacite, volcanic, 7 3 8 colluvium, landslide designated LS (12,000 Crevasse 9 9 pipe and dome remnants, breccia, afternoon sunshine making it a cooler region than its eastern neighbour. Most of the BP* to Present) temperature of nearby vineyards. 5 (Giants Head, Peach Cliff, Munson OliverAtsikluk Field Jqm-b 9 4 P re-historic channel of OkanaganLegend River, Mountain). Okanagan River Valley vineyards are located on the bench withSpotted enough Lake altitude to ensure good air drainage, 4 MJg sand, gravel (4,000 to 1,000 BP*) 9 Mountain 7 2 Ev A number Penticton of different Group volcanic aspects deposits, and elevations exist, making for a wide range of 9 3 9 SURFICIAL DEPOSIT LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS BEDROCK LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS JKo Tuc *Ages are approximate. BP means Before Present. 3 5 Alluvial terraces, bars and fans; ancestral Tertiary (Mainlyfifteen Eocene) formations, undifferentiated. avoiding the risk of spring and fall frosts. Fairview-Westlake Rd. 5 el 3 3 streams related to flood stages Recentof the Age (Holocene)ice successfulEsbx Skahavarieties. Formation, megabreccia. The vineyards are sited on deep,3 sandy, glaciofluvial parent (? Miocene Age) 3 5 Nuit dam failure near Vaseux Lake 1(12,000 to Active floodplain, fan and beach; sand, Jurrassic to Cretaceous 5 9 gravel, organic, (1,000 BP* to Present) Ewl White Lake Formation, sandstone, Lake A wide range of different grape varieties, both red and white, are successful depending 8,000 BP*) materials. Bedrocksiltstone, coal layers, conglomerate, is dominated by gneiss and granite. In some of the cooler, higher 2 Raised beach and alluvial fan; sand, LKgd-mb Granodiorite,volcanic and volcanic Skaha tuff interbeds; Bluffs. N Oliver gravel (8,000 to 1,000 BP*) fossil plant remains. 1 Eroded Gypo Osoyoos 7 3 Steep slope in bedrock or surficial deposit,JKg Em Okanagan Marama Formation, Batholith, dacite, volcanic, granite. on the vineyard location. Chardonnay, Gewürztraminer and Pinot Gris for white, and Pleistocene Age (Fraser Glaciation) colluvium, landslide designated LS (12,000 elevation vineyardspipe and dome remnants, breccia, and those near Vaseux Lake, white varieties such as CrevasseRiesling,Pluton Quartz 4 Lake 9 BP* to Present) (Giants Head, Peach Cliff, Munson Oliver 3 4 P re-historic channel of Okanagan River, JKo Oliver Mountain). Pluton, granite Field 6 Glacial Lake Penticton Sediments, benches Mountain Vein sand, gravel (4,000 to 1,000 BP*) 7 Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc for red are among9 the most successful ChardonnayEv Penticton and Group volcanic Gewürztraminer deposits, are successful along with earlierTuc ripening Pinot9 Noir 9 and terraces, silt, sand, gravel 5(12,000 to Alluvial terraces, bars and fans; ancestralJqm-b Quartzfifteen formations, Monzonite undifferentiated. Baldy Rd. 1 el 3 3 10,000 BP*) streams related to flood stages of the ice 5 Nuit Osoyoos dam failure near Vaseux Lake (12,000 to Jurrassic to Cretaceous Lake varieties. Most of the soils are sited on fluvial fans that were deposited against an ice 8,000 BP*) and Gamay. The warmer areas near Oliver do not have the moderating impact of the Oliver Reconaissance Geologic Map LKgd-mb Granodiorite, Skaha Bluffs. Oliver Desert Centre 7 Glacial outwash, terraces, channels, sand, Lower Jurassic to Middle Jurassic Gypo Sewage 5 Pleistocene Age (Fraser Glaciation) JKg Okanagan Batholith, granite. Pluton Quartz 4 gravel (12,000 to 10,000 years BP*) 3 Till Rides lobe that filled the bottom of the valley during the last glacial episode. The soils are 6 Glacial Lake Penticton Sediments, benchesM Jglake andJKo areAnarchistOliver more Pluton, Granite granite suited to Merlot and Cabernet Franc.Vein Lagoon Jqm-b 8 and terraces, silt, sand, gravel (12,000 to Jqm-b Quartz Monzonite 9 9 Baldy Rd. 97 8 Kettled outwash, terraces, sand, gravel, till10,000 BP*) 3 2 MJgd Summerland Granite 3 Fairview-WestlakeOliver Rd. mostly dark brown, stony, gravelly sandy loams or gravelly loamy sands. Some newly (12,000 to 11,000 years BP*) 7 Glacial outwash, terraces, channels, sand, Lower Jurassic to Middle Jurassic Sewage 5 gravel (12,000 to 10,000 years BP*) 3 MJg Anarchist Granite Lagoon South Okanagan, British Columbia LJgd-mGrowing Degree Osoyoos Granodiorite Days: 1,320 to 1,490.9 Average: 1,407 8 Kettled outwash, terraces, sand, gravel, till 9 Lake Oliver Sediments, terrace, bench, MJgd Summerland Granite 3 8 (12,000 to 11,000 years BP*) 9 97 8 planted vineyards are at altitudes of up to 600 metres. X NK’Mip Desert Cultural Centre LJgd-m Osoyoos Granodiorite silt, varved clay, sand, overlain9 by flood Lake Oliver Sediments, terrace, bench, 8 9 97 Osoyoos 5 silt, varved clay, sand, overlain by flood Late Triassic Fairview 8 deposits, outwash sand and gravel, or Late Triassic Fairview Fairview Rd. Granodiorite deposits, outwash sand and gravel, or Fairview Rd. K locally by till, diamicton, boulders, windlocally by till, diamicton, boulders, wind LTgd LTgd OsoyoosOsoyoos Lake Lake Gneiss Gneiss CTrsv Growing Degree Days: 1,340 to 1,630. Average: 1,484 blown sand (20,000 to 17,000 BP*) Murray A. Roed, 2011 blown sand (20,000 to 17,000 BP*) Carboniferous to Upper Triassic Pre-Fraser Glaciation Age 8 3 3 2 CarboniferousCTrsv to Upper Mou Triassicnt Kobau Rocks, amphibolite, schist, 9 10 Buried fan, boulder gravel (18,000 BP* greenstone, minor marble. Includes 9 4 and older) Shoemaker and Old Tom Formations of 5 8 3 3 Osoyoos Pre-Fraser Glaciation Age 3 9 9 3 CTrsv Mou Uppern tT riKassicobau age, volc Raocksnic rocks, , amphibolitecherty , schist, Map Credit: Murray A. Roed in Okanagan Geology South, 2011. Edited by Murray A. Roed Mountand Robert J. Fulton. Map Credit: Murraytuff, breccia A., silici fiRoeded tuff. in Okanagan Geology South, 2011. Edited by Murray A. Roed and Robert J. Fulton. Map based on air photo interpretation (2001 air photographs), reconaissance field checking, generalized bedrock mapping 10 Buried fan, boulder gravel (18,000 BP* Devonian(?) to Cretaceousgreenstone, minor marble. Includes 49 Available from Sandhill Book Distributors Ltd., Kelowna. Kruger 9 SYMBOLS Gravel Pit Available from Sandhill Book Distributors Ltd., Kelowna. 4 and older) ggn Shoem Okanaganaker Metamorp andhic andOld Plutoni Tomc Formations of 5 2 3 9 from map compiled by Andrew Okulitch (Geological Survey of Canada). Roads shown are approximate. Photogeologic Mine Complex (“Okanagan Complex” and/ CTrsv 3 contact Upperor “Ok anaTrigaan ssicGneiss” age), granitic, volc gneisas nic rocks, cherty 1 8 3 Bedrock, fractures, K Kettle tufandf, b migmarecciatite, mylo, silicinitic zonefied in thtue ff. 3 9 joints Okanagan Valley Fault zone. (McIntyre, Tinhorn Pine and Eagle Bluffs, Naramata Bench.) Trace of bedrock Landslide Canyon 2 4 Haynes Point LS Devonian(?) to Cretaceous Mapping by Murray A. Roed, 4890 Westridge Drive, Kelowna, BC V1W 3A1 strata Jqm-b SYMBOLS Gravel FaultPit in bedrock Canal 8 CTrsv ggn Okanagan Metamorphic and Plutonic 2 2 For more information, email [email protected] 8 Glacial lineation Cutoff Photogeologic Prominent bedrock Meanders, Complex (“Okanagan Complex” and/ 3 Mine scarp Okanagan 9 Anarchist contact River 0 1km 2km or “Okanagan Gneiss”), granitic gneiss Hester 2 1 3 Narrow bedrock Quartz Monzonite Water Dog 8 Kobau Mountain canyon Major Canyon 5 Bedrock, fractures, K Kettle Meltwater andScale migma (approximate)tite, mylonitic zone in the 3 Lake Group 2 Viewpoint Prominent scarp in Valley joints surficial deposit Okanagan Valley Fault zone. (McIntyre, Tinhorn Sandpoint Drive ++ KVR ++ Kettle Valley Dam Railway Pine and Eagle Bluffs, Naramata Bench.) 8 Trace of bedrock Landslide Canyon 2 9 LS 2 strata 9 Jqm-b Canal 3 CTrsv 4 CANADA 97 LS Fault in bedrock Testalinden 8 Canyon Black Sage Road 2 USA Glacial lineation 8 1 Osoyoos Lake Cutoff 5 Gneiss Prominent bedrock Meanders, 3 8 scarp Okanagan 0 1km 2km 9 River Hester Narrow bedrock 2 Jqm-b Water Dog Major canyon Canyon Lake Meltwater Scale (approximate) 97 Prominent scarp in Valley Kobau Deadman Group surficial deposit Lake Sandpoint Drive ++ KVR ++ Kettle Valley 8 varved Dam Railway clay X Landfill Osoyoos Lake 8 CTrsv 9 3 Gneiss

8 1 2 Inkaneep Creek 9 9 9 Osoyoos Lake 3 4 Gneiss Spotted Lake 9 2 Testalinden 3 9 3 Black Sage Road Canyon 3 8 1 5 Osoyoos LTgd Lake 9 8 9 1 3 Reconaissance Geologic Map Osoyoos Desert Centre LTgd

8 97 3 2 South Okanagan, British Columbia 3 X NK’Mip Desert Cultural Centre CTrsvOsoyoos 5 Granodiorite 97 Murray A. Roed, 2011 Kobau K Deadman2 Group Osoyoos Lake 3 Map based on air photo interpretation (2001 air photographs), reconaissance field checking, generalized bedrock mapping Mount varved Kruger 9 clay from map compiled by Andrew Okulitch (Geological Survey of Canada). Roads shown are approximate. 3 9 Haynes Point Osoyoos Lake Mapping by Murray A. Roed, 4890 Westridge Drive, Kelowna, BC V1W 3A1 8 3 For more information, email [email protected] 8 Gneiss Anarchist

Kobau Mountain Inkaneep Creek 5 1 Group 8 2 Viewpoint 9 9

CANADA 97 LS USA Spotted Lake 9 2 3 9 3 3

Osoyoos Lake 9

9 1 3 Reconaissance Geologic Map Osoyoos Desert Centre LTgd 8 97 3 2 South Okanagan, British Columbia 3 X NK’Mip Desert Cultural Centre Osoyoos 5 Murray A. Roed, 2011 Granodiorite K 2 LJgd-m Osoyoos LTgd 3 Map based on air photo interpretation (2001 air photographs), reconaissance field checking, generalized bedrock mapping Mount Kruger 9 from map compiled by Andrew Okulitch (Geological Survey of Canada). Roads shown are approximate. 3 9 Mapping by Murray A. Roed, 4890 Westridge Drive, Kelowna, BC V1W 3A1 Haynes Point LTgd For more information, email [email protected] CTrsv 8 Anarchist Kobau Mountain 5 Group 2 Viewpoint

CANADA 97 LS USA 6 97 MJgd ggn VERNON

3

Eneas Creek Ev 6 N Ev 1 Crescent JKg KVR Kalamalka MJgd 6 Beach Lake Sumac Ridge BRITISH ALBERTA Ewl COLUMBIA 7 6 Okanagan Wood Lake M Jones’ Flat Lake KVR Ellison Lake

Ritchie Strandline U.S.A. 5 3

Ev 6 6 KELOWNA 5 5 ggn

97C 97 6 Mill Bay 3 Summerland Gulch Rd 3 8 8 Giants Naramata Creek Canyon PEACHLAND OKANAGAN Prairie Valley K 8 Okanagan Lake VALLEY Head 6 6 Em 97 FAULT KVR 3 6 K Naramata 5 3 MAP AREA MJgd 2 5 8 Arawana Rd KVR Mount Ewl Conkle Ewl 3 6 NARAMATA Zimmerman Gulch JKg SUMMERLAND 6 MJgd Ewl lateral morraine 3 Ev Trout 3 6 2 Creek KVR ggn PENTICTON Fan 7 SUMMERLAND7 FAULT Skaha Lake LS Sun Oka Park 3A KALEDEN OKANAGAN 7 3 6 FALLS

MJgd Golf Ev LS Vaseux Lake Course Crater Mountain White Lake 3 KVR Ev 8 KEREMEOS OLIVER M Jgd 97 0 10 25 Scale MJgd 6 Rock kilometres Slide Three Mile 8 MJgd Point OSOYOOS Okanagan 3 MJgd Lake

3 KVR Madeline Canyon Mount 97 Nkwala ggn

Munson Mtn. KVR Em 3 Penticton Creek Canyon

6

Penticton 2 ggn 5 2 M 3 Jgd 6 2

8 KVR 5 5

Shingle Creek ggn 3 6

MJgd Ev

97 5 Ellis Creek Canyon Ev 3 Raised 6 Beaches

6 Airport Skaha Bluffs

Ev 6

East Side Rd. 6 Skaha LKgd-mb Lake 3

Ev

3

Felis Ck Fan

8 Parkway” “Volcanic

East Side Rd.

6 97 3

3 Em Skaha 6 ggn Lake 8

4A Ev Kaleden 6 to Keremeos Em

7 7 Ewl Ev 6 ggn

7 Ewl 7 Ewl Ev McLean Rd.

7 K Footbridge Mount 5 7 Ev McLellan Dusty Mac Ev Okanagan 2 3 3 Falls Em Gold Mine Ev

Ev Peachcliff ggn 7 1 3 8 8 Shuttleworth Ewl Canyon K K ggn 97 CTrsv K Ewl 8 ggn K Esbx 1 K 8 6 97 White 8 Lake K 8 Mount K VERNON Hawthorne Ewl 3 3 Ewl 8 K Eneas Creek Indian 6 N 1 Crescent Head KVR Kalamalka 6 Beach Lake Keans Sumac Ridge Creek BRITISH ALBERTA Green Lake COLUMBIA Valley 6 Ewl 7 Okanagan Wood Lake M Jones’ Flat Lake KVR Esbx ggn Ellison Lake 8 Ritchie Strandline U.S.A. 5 3 Ev 6 6 KELOWNA 7 5 5 97C 97 3 6 Mill Bay Saline Lake 3 Mahoney Summerland Gulch Rd 3 8 8 Lake Old CPR Line 8 Vaseux Giants Naramata Creek Canyon PEACHLAND OKANAGAN 7 Prairie Valley Head K 8 Okanagan Lake VALLEY Em 6 Lake Irrigation 6 97 FAULT 2 Creek KVR 3 8 6 K Naramata 5 3 3 MAP AREA 2 5 8 Arawana Rd KVR Volcanic, siltstone, Mount volcanic beds Conkle 3 6 NARAMATA CTrsv Zimmerman Gulch CTrsv Granite SUMMERLAND 6 ggn lateral morraine Mount Keogan 3 Trout 3 6 8 Volcanic 2 KVR PENTICTON Deposits Creek Fan CTrsv K 7 Skaha Lake SUMMERLAND7 FAULT 2 Eagle LS Sun Oka Park 3 Bluff 7 3A KALEDEN OKANAGAN 7 ggn 7 3 6 FALLS

Golf LS Vaseux Lake Orofino Valley Course Crater Willowbrook Vaseux Mountain White Lake Creek 3 KVR McIntyre 8 KEREMEOS OLIVER McIntyre Canyon 97 0 10 25 10 Scale 6 Dam Rock kilometres Fan Slide ggn Three McIntyre Summerland Mile 8 Point Granite Meyers OSOYOOS Bluff Okanagan 3 JKo Lake Flats 97

3 Okanagan KVR 3 Madeline Canyon Gneiss Mount 97 2 Nkwala MJg 9 Gallagher Pine Munson Mtn. KVR Lake Bluff 3 Penticton Creek Canyon 7 3

6 5 Penticton 2 JKo ggn Atsikluk 5 2 3 Legend Okanagan River Valley 6 2 ggn 4 9 8 KVR 5 Sub-Region: Naramata - Penticton 5 SURFICIAL DEPOSIT LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS BEDROCK LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS Sub-Region: Kelowna-Lake Country *Ages are approximate. BP means Before Present. Tertiary (Mainly Eocene) Fairview-Westlake Rd. 5 Shingle Creek Okanagan ggn Gneiss Heading further north, the area3 surrounding Penticton is the second coolest sub- Recent Age (Holocene) Esbx Skaha Formation, megabreccia. The area stretching from Peachland3 to the north end of the Okanagan Valley is the 6 (? Miocene Age) 3 1 Active floodplain, fan and beach; sand, Granite coolest of the sub-regions. Rainfall is also approximately5 50% 9higher than Osoyoos in region. The Penticton region includes vineyards around the southern end of Okanagan gravel, organic, (1,000 BP* to Present) Ewl White Lake Formation, sandstone, 97 5 Ellis Creek Canyon siltstone, coal layers, conglomerate, 2 Raised beach and alluvial fan; sand, the south, although still low on a global scale at around 12 inches annual precipitation. Lake (Naramata and Summerland) and along Skaha Lake (Kaleden and Skaha Bench).3 volcanic and volcanic tuff interbeds; Raised 6 N Beaches gravel (8,000 to 1,000 BP*) fossil plant remains. 1 Eroded There are vineyards on the west side of the lake in Summerland and on the east side 3 Steep slope in bedrock or surficial deposit, Em Marama Formation, dacite, volcanic, The proximity to Okanagan Lake moderates these regions strongly keeping them7 cool. 6 Airport colluvium, landslide designated LS (12,000 pipe and dome remnants, breccia, Crevasse around Naramata and also on both sides of Skaha Lake. Skaha Bluffs BP* to Present) (Giants Head, Peach Cliff, Munson The cooler temperaturesOliver make the region better suited to varieties such as Riesling, Jqm-b Field 6 4 P re-historic channel of Okanagan River, Mountain). Mountain MJg The cooler, early shaded, east facing vineyards are well suited to white and earlier sand, gravel (4,000 to 1,000 BP*) Pinot Gris, Gewürztraminer, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir. This area contains some7 of the Ev Penticton Group volcanic deposits, JKo Tuc 9 East Side Rd. 5 Alluvial terraces, bars and fans; ancestral fifteen formations, undifferentiated. 6 oldest vineyards in the Okanagan dating backel to the 1960s.3 Good air drainage from the ripening red grapes. Summerland has been very successful with GewürztraminerSkaha Bluffs and streams related to flood stages of the ice 5 Nuit Skaha Granodiorite dam failure near Vaseux Lake (12,000 to Jurrassic to Cretaceous Lake Pinot Noir. Chardonnay, Pinot Gris and Merlot dominateLake plantings in the other areas 8,000 BP*) benches keeps theOliver vineyards largely frost free. The soils are varied ranging from very 3 LKgd-mb Granodiorite, Skaha Bluffs. Gypo around Penticton but Pinot Noir is also proving successful. Pleistocene Age (Fraser Glaciation) JKg Okanagan Batholith, granite. coarse to quite finePluton texture. Quartz 4 3 6 Glacial Lake Penticton Sediments, benches JKo Oliver Pluton, granite Vein 9 The soils in the Summerland area are sandy near the surface overlying glacial till. and terraces, silt, sand, gravel (12,000 to Jqm-b Quartz Monzonite Growing Degree Days: 950 to 1,360. Average: 1,200 Baldy Rd. 10,000 BP*) Oliver Much of the western side is volcanic soils while the3 east side is older bedrock, with 7 Glacial outwash, terraces, channels, sand, Lower Jurassic to Middle Jurassic Sewage 5 Felis Ck Fan gravel (12,000 to 10,000 years BP*) Till Rides MJg Anarchist Granite Lagoon Jqm-b Naramata having many pockets of clay. The vineyards are generally situated on gentle 9 8 Parkway” “Volcanic 8 Kettled outwash, terraces, sand, gravel, till MJgd Summerland Granite 3 Fairview-Westlake Rd. East Side Rd. (12,000 to 11,000 years BP*) slopes with excellent air drainage and are close enough to be influenced by the lakes. LJgd-m Osoyoos Granodiorite 6 9 Lake Oliver Sediments, terrace, bench, 8 9 97 97 silt, varved clay, sand, overlain by flood 8 3 Late Triassic Growing Degree Days: 1,140 to 1,500. Average: 1,319 (Naramata) deposits, outwash sand and gravel, or Fairview Fairview Rd. locally by till, diamicton, boulders, wind LTgd Osoyoos Lake Gneiss CTrsv blown sand (20,000 to 17,000 BP*) 3 Skaha 6 Carboniferous to Upper Triassic Lake Pre-Fraser Glaciation Age 8 3 3 8 9 Map Credit: Murray A. Roed in Okanagan Geology South, 2011. Edited by Murray A. Roed and Robert J. Fulton. CTrsv Mount Kobau Rocks, amphibolite, schist, Kaleden 10 Buried fan, boulder gravel (18,000 BP* greenstone, minor marble. Includes 9 Available from Sandhill Book Distributors Ltd., Kelowna.4A 4 6 and older) Shoemaker and Old Tom Formations of 5 3 to Keremeos CTrsv 9 Upper Triassic age, volcanic rocks, cherty 7 7 tuff, breccia, silicified tuff. Okanagan Devonian(?) to Cretaceous 4 Gneiss Jqm-b 6 SYMBOLS Gravel Pit ggn Okanagan Metamorphic and Plutonic CTrsv 2 Photogeologic Mine Complex (“Okanagan Complex” and/ 7 contact Penticton or “Okanagan Gneiss”), granitic gneiss 1 3 7 8 Volcanic Bedrock, fractures, K and migmatite, mylonitic zone in the 3 McLean Rd. Kettle Deposits joints Okanagan Valley Fault zone. (McIntyre, Tinhorn Pine and Eagle Bluffs, Naramata Bench.) Canyon 7 Trace of bedrock Landslide 2 LS Footbridge strata Jqm-b Mount 5 7 McLellan CTrsv Dusty Mac Fault in bedrock Canal Okanagan 2 8 3 Falls Gold Mine 3 2 Glacial lineation Cutoff Peachcliff Prominent bedrock Meanders, 7 3 1 scarp Okanagan 9 3 River 0 1km 2km 8 8 Hester White Lake Formation, Shuttleworth Narrow bedrock 2 Jqm-b Water Dog sandstone, siltstone Canyon canyon Major Canyon & volcanic deposits Meltwater Scale (approximate) Lake Prominent scarp in Valley 97 surficial deposit Sandpoint Drive Kettle Valley 8 ++ KVR ++ 8 Dam Railway X Landfill Skaha Okanagan CTrsv 9 Formation 1 8 Gneiss White 8 Lake 2 8 Mount 9 Osoyoos Lake Hawthorne

3 3 4 Gneiss Indian 8 Head Testalinden Keans Black Sage Road Creek Green Lake Canyon Valley 8 1 Penticton 5 Volcanic 8 Deposits LTgd 7 8 Saline Lake 3 Mahoney 8 Lake Old CPR Line Vaseux 7 Lake Irrigation LTgd 2 Creek 8 3

Mount Keogan 8 CTrsv 97

2 Eagle Kobau 3 Bluff 7 Deadman 7 Group Lake Orofino Valley Vaseux varved Willowbrook Creek McIntyre clay McIntyre 10 Canyon Dam Fan Osoyoos Lake 8 Meyers McIntyre 3 Bluff Gneiss Flats 97 3 2 8 1 Inkaneep Creek 9 9 Gallagher Pine 9 Lake Bluff

7 3 Spotted Lake 9 5 2 Atsikluk 3 9 Legend Okanagan River Valley 4 3 9 SURFICIAL DEPOSIT LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS BEDROCK LEGEND - TOWNSITE MAPS 3 *Ages are approximate. BP means Before Present. Tertiary (Mainly Eocene) Fairview-Westlake Rd. 5 Recent Age (Holocene) Esbx Skaha Formation, megabreccia. 3 (? Miocene Age) 3 1 Active floodplain, fan and beach; sand, 5 9 gravel, organic, (1,000 BP* to Present) Ewl White Lake Formation, sandstone, siltstone, coal layers, conglomerate, Osoyoos 2 Raised beach and alluvial fan; sand, volcanic and volcanic tuff interbeds; N gravel (8,000 to 1,000 BP*) fossil plant remains. 1 Eroded Lake 9 3 Steep slope in bedrock or surficial deposit, Em Marama Formation, dacite, volcanic, 7 colluvium, landslide designated LS (12,000 pipe and dome remnants, breccia, Crevasse BP* to Present) (Giants Head, Peach Cliff, Munson Oliver Mountain). Field 9 4 P re-historic channel of Okanagan River, Mountain sand, gravel (4,000 to 1,000 BP*) 7 Ev Penticton Group volcanic deposits, Tuc 9 1 5 Alluvial terraces, bars and fans; ancestral fifteen formations, undifferentiated. 3 el 3 streams related to flood stages of the ice 5 Nuit Osoyoos dam failure near Vaseux Lake (12,000 to Jurrassic to Cretaceous Lake Reconaissance Geologic Map 8,000 BP*) LKgd-mb Granodiorite, Skaha Bluffs. Oliver Gypo Desert Centre Pleistocene Age (Fraser Glaciation) JKg Okanagan Batholith, granite. Pluton Quartz 4 3 LTgd 6 Glacial Lake Penticton Sediments, benches JKo Oliver Pluton, granite Vein and terraces, silt, sand, gravel (12,000 to Jqm-b Quartz Monzonite 9 Baldy Rd. 8 10,000 BP*) Oliver 3 97 7 Glacial outwash, terraces, channels, sand, Lower Jurassic to Middle Jurassic Sewage 5 2 gravel (12,000 to 10,000 years BP*) MJg Anarchist Granite Lagoon 9 3 8 Kettled outwash, terraces, sand, gravel, till 3 South Okanagan, British Columbia MJgd Summerland Granite (12,000 to 11,000 years BP*) LJgd-m Osoyoos Granodiorite 9 Lake Oliver Sediments, terrace, bench, 97 8 9 8 X NK’Mip Desert Cultural Centre silt, varved clay, sand, overlain by flood Late Triassic deposits, outwash sand and gravel, or Fairview Fairview Rd. Osoyoos 5 locally by till, diamicton, boulders, wind LTgd Osoyoos Lake Gneiss blown sand (20,000 to 17,000 BP*) Carboniferous to Upper Triassic Granodiorite Pre-Fraser Glaciation Age 8 3 3 K CTrsv Mount Kobau Rocks, amphibolite, schist, 9 10 Buried fan, boulder gravel (18,000 BP* greenstone, minor marble. Includes 9 Murray A. Roed, 2011 4 and older) Shoemaker and Old Tom Formations of 5 3 9 Upper Triassic age, volcanic rocks, cherty 2 LTgd tuff, breccia, silicified tuff. LJgd-m Devonian(?) to Cretaceous 4 Osoyoos SYMBOLS Gravel Pit ggn Okanagan Metamorphic and Plutonic 2 3 Photogeologic Mine Complex (“Okanagan Complex” and/ Mount contact or “Okanagan Gneiss”), granitic gneiss 1 8 3 Map based on air photo interpretation (2001 air photographs), reconaissance field checking, generalized bedrock mapping Bedrock, fractures, K Kettle and migmatite, mylonitic zone in the 3 Kruger 9 joints Okanagan Valley Fault zone. (McIntyre, Tinhorn Pine and Eagle Bluffs, Naramata Bench.) Trace of bedrock Landslide Canyon 2 from map compiled by Andrew Okulitch (Geological Survey of Canada). Roads shown are approximate. strata LS 3 Canal Fault in bedrock 8 2 9 Glacial lineation Cutoff Prominent bedrock Meanders, 3 Haynes Point scarp Okanagan 0 1km 2km 9 River Hester Mapping by Murray A. Roed, 4890 Westridge Drive, Kelowna, BC V1W 3A1 Narrow bedrock 2 Water Dog canyon Major Canyon Quartz Monzonite LTgd Meltwater Scale (approximate) Lake Prominent scarp in Valley For more information, email [email protected] 8

surficial deposit Sandpoint Drive ++ KVR ++ Kettle Valley 8 CTrsv Dam Railway 9 Anarchist 2 Kobau Mountain 9 5 3 4 2 Viewpoint Testalinden Group Canyon Black Sage Road 8 1 Osoyoos Lake 5 Gneiss

8

CANADA 97 LS USA 97 Kobau Deadman Group Lake varved clay Osoyoos Lake 8 3 Gneiss

8 1 Inkaneep Creek 9 9

Spotted Lake 9 2 3 9 3 3

Osoyoos Lake 9

9 1 3 Reconaissance Geologic Map Osoyoos Desert Centre

8 97 3 2 South Okanagan, British Columbia 3 X NK’Mip Desert Cultural Centre Osoyoos 5 Murray A. Roed, 2011 Granodiorite K 2 Osoyoos 3 Map based on air photo interpretation (2001 air photographs), reconaissance field checking, generalized bedrock mapping Mount Kruger 9 from map compiled by Andrew Okulitch (Geological Survey of Canada). Roads shown are approximate. 3 9 Mapping by Murray A. Roed, 4890 Westridge Drive, Kelowna, BC V1W 3A1 Haynes Point

For more information, email [email protected] 8 Anarchist Kobau Mountain 5 Group 2 Viewpoint

CANADA 97 LS USA SIMILKAMEEN VALLEY SIMILKAMEEN VALLEY 19 LICENSED WINERIES The Similkameen Valley lies just west of Osoyoos in southern British Columbia with the majority of the vineyards around Cawston and Keremeos. It has a similar climate to the KEREMEOS VINEYARDS South Okanagan with hot, dry semi-desert conditions. The Similkameen Valley has 6% ( NOW CALLED ST. LASZLO ) WAS THE 1ST WINERY of BC’s vineyard acreage. Running mostly west to east, rather than the north-to-south OPENED IN 1984 orientation of the Okanagan, the Similkameen Valley is quite varied in its terroir. Around the town of Keremeos, there are some hotter bench land vineyards but, due to the steep and sudden mountains rising above the grapes, many areas get shaded early in the day TOP GRAPES PLANTED and in the dead of winter see almost no sunlight. MERLOT Moving east to the town of Cawston, there is a long, exposed, south to west-facing bench CABERNET SAUVIGNON that is ideal for growing later-ripening grapes. Sunlight hours on this bench rival the best CABERNET FRANC sites of the South Okanagan. In many parts of the world this would be considered high altitude viticulture with vineyards ranging from 400-480m above sea level. CHARDONNAY

RIESLING The soils are often gravelly, fluvial fan based and in many areas there are lots of stones on the surface. Many vineyard soils are high in calcium carbonate giving mineral 657 ACRES PLANTED flavours to many of the wines. With no lake in the Similkameen, the region is subject IN THE REGION to extremes of both heat and cold but the Similkameen River and a persistent and often powerful wind can help reduce temperature extremes. The wind is also significant in keeping the vineyards free of pests and diseases and partially contributes to the fact that the Similkameen has the highest density of certified organic fruits and vegetables in all of Canada.

Because of the varied climate, a wide range of grapes can be successful from Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah through to earlier-ripening Gamay and Pinot Noir and white varieties Chardonnay, Riesling and Pinot Gris.

Growing Degree Days: 1,180 to 1,540. Average: 1,360

SIMILKAMEEN VALLEY VANCOUVER ISLAND VANCOUVER ISLAND High mountain ranges on Vancouver Island strip moisture leaving the eastern side 38 LICENSED WINERIES of Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands much drier than the Fraser Valley. While being generally cool regions, the lower rainfall and long frost-free season allows more ZANATTA WINERY growing degree days and a wider range of potential grape varieties including Pinot Noir, WAS THE 1ST WINERY Pinot Gris, Riesling, Chardonnay, Gamay, Ortega, Müller-Thurgau, Pinot Blanc, and OPENED IN 1992 many others. Vineyards on Vancouver Island are centred on the Cowichan Valley, close to the town TOP GRAPES PLANTED of Duncan. There are also producers close to Nanaimo, as well as on the Saanich PINOT NOIR Peninsula, with some close to the city of Victoria. PINOT GRIS Growing Degree Days: 900 to 1,200 ORTEGA MARÉCHAL FOCH GULF ISLANDS 389 ACRES PLANTED The Gulf Islands is a small region comprised of the many islands between the IN THE REGION mainland and Vancouver Island. The Gulf Islands region is now home to vineyards and/or wineries on Salt Spring, Pender, Saturna, Quadra and Bowen Islands. The first vineyards were planted on Saturna Island in 1995. Growing Degree Days: 900 to 1,250, 1,050 GULF ISLANDS 13 LICENSED WINERIES

SATURNA ISLAND WAS THE 1ST WINERY OPENED IN 1995

TOP GRAPES PLANTED

PINOT NOIR PINOT GRIS ORTEGA MARÉCHAL FOCH VANCOUVER 94 ACRES PLANTED ISLAND & GULF IN THE REGION ISLANDS FRASER VALLEY FRASER VALLEY 38 LICENSED WINERIES The Fraser Valley terroir is vastly different to that of the Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley. The coastal influence means that diurnal temperature variation is DOMAINE DE CHABERTON much lower and rainfall is much higher. Rainfall does vary considerably though across WAS THE 1ST WINERY the Fraser Valley so the specific site has a big influence. A key benefit to the region is OPENED IN 1984 that there is low risk of frost and winter damage. There are a wide range of varieties planted including a number of newly developed, TOP GRAPES PLANTED experimental hybrids. Vinifera varieties include Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Zweigelt and some early-ripening Germanic white varieties. SIEGERREBE Growing Degree Days: Average: 900 PINOT GRIS PINOT NOIR THOMPSON VALLEY BACCHUS An emerging region, the four wineries of the Thompson Valley are pioneering an 200 ACRES PLANTED exciting new region and changing the boundaries of quality BC winemaking. Nestled IN THE REGION amongst the natural beauty of the North and South Thompson Rivers in and around Kamloops, the rain shadow of the high coastal mountains, and the semi-arid conditions and diverse microclimates provide many creative options for winemakers to shine with varietals like Riesling, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir. THOMPSON VALLEY Growing Degree Days: Average: 1,280 4 LICENSED WINERIES

OTHER EMERGING BC REGIONS HARPER’S TRAIL WAS THE 1ST WINERY New vineyard areas are being developed in other parts of the province including OPENED IN 2012 Spallumcheen / Shuswap, Lillooet, Creston, Trail, Castlegar, Prince George and Grand Forks. These areas are largely still experimenting to find which varieties are best suited TOP GRAPES PLANTED to their growing conditions, but some good quality wines are already being produced showing the potential. RIESLING CHARDONNAY PINOT NOIR FRASER VALLEY, MARÉCHAL FOCH THOMPSON VALLEY 78 ACRES PLANTED & EMERGING REGIONS IN THE REGION THE WINES OF BRITISH COLUMBIA GRAPE VARIETIES MANY WELL-KNOWN GRAPES FLOURISH IN BRITISH COLUMBIA, ALONG WITH SOME INTERESTING HYBRIDS. OF THE 10,260 ACRES (4,152 HECTARES) PLANTED, 49% ARE WHITE GRAPES AND 51% ARE RED GRAPES.

WHITES UNDER VINE

PINOT GRIS 22% CHARDONNAY 20% GEWÜRZTRAMINER 15% RIESLING 10% SAUVIGNON BLANC 8% PINOT BLANC 5 % VIOGNIER 4%

Muscat 1.8% Siegerrebe 1.0% Semillon 1.0% Kerner 0.6% OTHER Ehrenfelser 1.6% Bacchus 1.0% Vidal 0.8% Chasselas 0.5% WHITES Ortega 1.2% Auxerrois 1.0% Schönburger 0.7%

REDS UNDER VINE MERLOT 30% PINOT NOIR 21% CABERNET SAUVIGNON 14% CABERNET FRANC 10% SHIRAZ / SYRAH 10% GAMAY NOIR 3%

OTHER Maréchal Foch 2.7% Zweigelt 0.9% Pinot Meunier 0.3% Marquette 0.3% Léon Millot 0.2% Malbec 1.9% Zinfandel 0.4% Tempranillo 0.3% Baco Noir 0.2% Sangiovese 0.2% REDS Petit Verdot 1.2% Blattner Reds 0.4% Pinotage 0.3% Lemberger 0.2%

2014 BC Wine Grape Acreage Report. Mount Kobau Wine Services

BC’S MOST PLANTED GRAPES White Wines

PINOT GRIS CHARDONNAY GEWÜRZTRAMINER RIESLING SAUVIGNON BLANC 1,114 acres (453 hectares) 996 acres (403 hectares) 735 acres (297 hectares) 510 acres (206 hectares) 394 acres (159 hectares) The number one white grape variety The style of Chardonnay produced in Gewürztraminer is another Alsatian Riesling has always been present in Sauvignon Blanc experienced the same in terms of acreage in BC. The style of BC varies from a few unoaked versions variety that grows well in BC. The BC but it took a while for it to be taken popular explosion in the 1990s that Pinot Gris in BC has been, and in many with crisp acidity and often crisp apple variety has been planted in the seriously and the wines are increasingly Pinot Gris is experiencing today, being cases still is, quite varied following both flavours to world-class barrel fermented province for many years and continues building a top-quality reputation. From planted rapidly all over the world. the crisper, lighter, fresher style of Pinot wines with complex lees, oak and fruit to slowly gain popularity. Between 2006 to 2014, plantings of Riesling Plantings in BC increased quite rapidly Grigio in northern Italy as well as the flavours. The naturally high acidity 2006 and 2014 plantings increased grew by 86%. BC Riesling can be in the middle of the 2000s. The BC richer, honeyed, off-dry and more tropical achieved in BC and the peach, lemon by 61%. Known for generating wines both the soft, fruity, off-dry style or, style benefits from the natural high style of Alsace. The majority of BC Pinot and nectarine flavours when combined with intense aromatics and fruitiness, increasingly, a dry, high acid, intense acidity and fruit ripeness. Both the Gris though could best be described as with quality oak barrel fermentation and BC with its unique climate, is an apple, lime and mineral flavoured crisp, zingy, green bean, grass and something fruitier and fuller bodied than aging on lees can make for very highly ideal location for producing such a style that has received international asparagus style as well as a riper, the Pinot Grigio of Italy yet lighter and regarded wines. Many of BC’s most pronounced floral variety. Ripening to attention. A few producers are also tropical fruit, richer version can be fresher than the wines of Alsace. Both internationally awarded wines have high alcohol levels, often around 14%, making sweeter, low-alcohol German found. Some of the most successful the French and Italian names are used, been Chardonnay. the variety can lose acidity quickly Kabinett-style wines. Many of the wines are oak fermented and blended often varying based on the style. They and become a touch flabby. In BC, the Riesling wines have a great ability to with Semillon to make wines along the are typically dry or off-dry with a medium natural high acidity that remains from age and some have been cellared for lines of white Bordeaux. body and flavours and aromas of pear, the cool nights means this is rarely an more than a decade. honeydew or cantaloupe melon, lemon, issue. The wines typically show aromas and sometimes a little honey, minerality of lychee, rose petal and ripe stone and baking spice. fruit, often with a touch of sweetness. BC’S MOST PLANTED GRAPES Red Wine

MERLOT PINOT NOIR CABERNET SAUVIGNON CABERNET FRANC SYRAH/SHIRAZ GAMAY NOIR 1,564 acres (632 hectares) 1,073 acres (434 hectares) 735 acres (297 hectares) 546 acres (221 hectares) 530 acres (214 hectares) 172 acres (70 hectares) Merlot is BC’s most planted grape. Pinot Noir has grown more rapidly in Cabernet Sauvignon in BC is best Cabernet Franc is increasingly making BC has proven it is well suited to Gamay plantings are only small in In most parts of the world, Merlot terms of acreage (79% between 2006 suited to the warmest sites, typically expressive, quality varietal wines, rather making intensely flavoured, cool climate BC but it is gaining in popularity as is renowned as having soft tannins and 2014) than any other widely planted on the eastern side of the Okanagan than its usual role as a blending grape Syrah and because of this BC Syrah is it consistently produces high quality and a lush, rich texture. In BC, for red grape as growers find it well suited Valley near Osoyoos or on the south- in most of the world. It seems to have consistently named the top red wine in wines. The momentum towards lighter, reasons linked to the unique climate, to the BC terroir. Most of the plantings facing benches of Cawston in the a particular affinity with the climate of Canada in wine competitions. BC Syrah juicier red wines among a growing the structure of Merlot is completely are in the central to north part of the Similkameen Valley. Typical Cabernet the South Okanagan and Similkameen, falls somewhere between the rich, riper number of consumers is also helping different. It naturally produces more Okanagan Valley as the hottest areas Sauvignon in BC has intense cassis producing wines with bright red fruit, style of warmer climate Australian Gamay’s popularity. A typical BC Gamay structured, higher tannin wines than in are mostly too hot for this early- and blackberry fruit, structured tannins ripe tannins, intense perfume and just wines and the medium-bodied, fresher, will be light in body and tannin with most parts of the world. BC Merlot will ripening variety. Style wise, BC Pinot and high acidity, with a notable dried a pretty hint of the herbaceous/tobacco peppery wines of the northern Rhône fresh juicy acidity, a silky texture and typically have a medium to full body, Noir tends to have both bright intense sage or tobacco note. The wines from character that can be overpowering in Valley in France. BC Syrah is intense flavours of red berry fruit, cinnamon medium to high tannins and flavours cherry, strawberry and raspberry fruit ripe vintages can age very well, often overly cool climates. In warm years it in fruit, gamy, floral and retains lots of and minerality. that include black cherry, black plum, flavour as well as complex spice notes, drinking well for more than a decade. produces rich, structured wines yet in black pepper notes. chocolate and floral violet notes. As along with medium tannins and high cool years it does not overly suffer from in many parts of the world it is often levels of acidity for structure. As a greenness, making it well suited to the blended with Cabernet Sauvignon and result, good quality BC Pinot Noir tends BC climate. Cabernet Franc. to age very well. ICEWINE HARVESTED AT NIGHT, IN THE SNOW, IN BC ICEWINE A COUNTRY FAMOUS FOR ITS WINTERS. The folklore of Icewine suggests that its first production in 18th century Germany was a happy accident. A German vineyard owner away on business at the end of harvest came ICEWINE BY THE NUMBERS home to a frozen vineyard. He harvested and processed the grapes anyway, and what -8˚ Celsius (17.6˚ Fahrenheit) was then called Winter Wine was born. In Canada, Hainle Vineyards Estate Winery in The minimum temperature required Peachland produced the country’s first Icewine in 1978. Canada is now recognized as the to produce Icewine. Grapes must be world leader in Icewine production. naturally frozen on the vine. Icewine is produced by many British Columbia wineries, but the only wine regions of BC 1978 where the winters are cold enough to provide the necessary conditions for Icewine are Hainle Vineyards in Peachland, BC the Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley. Even there, the conditions for harvesting produces Canada’s first Icewine. and pressing Icewine grapes generally happen only several times per winter. In a given year, anywhere from 15 to 25 wineries will leave grapes on the vine in anticipation of an 35˚ Brix Icewine harvest. The minimum sugar content to be considered an Icewine. 16 Wineries Produced Icewine in 2015. ICEWINE PRODUCTION 376 Year Tons Estimated Litres Tons of Icewine grapes were 2016 645 122,066 harvested in 2015, yielding an estimated 112,800 litres. 2015 376 112,800 2014 844 253,200 2013 960 288,000 2012 476 142,800 2011 670 201,000 2010 520 156,000 2009 232 69,600 2008 420 126,000 2007 520 156,000 2006 500 150,000 2005 253.4 76,020 *Brix is a measure of sugar in grapes: 2004 525 157,500 One degree Brix equals 18 grams of sugar per litre. Mature grapes are typically 21 to 25 Brix, equating to 11 to 13 percent alcohol after fermentation. OTHER WINE STYLES PRODUCED IN BC SPARKLING WINES The climate in BC is well suited to making sparkling wines. The natural high acidity levels the climate provides and bright fruit flavours mean that grapes can be harvested early and still have good flavour development. All sparkling styles are made from carbonated through to Traditional Method, the method used in the Champagne region of France. The best known BC wines are made by the Traditional Method and often spend one to four years ageing on their lees before being disgorged and sold. Compared to international styles, BC sparkling wines fall somewhere in between the austere and lees flavoured wines of Champagne and the riper, fruitier Traditional Method sparkling wines of Cava in Spain or those of California or Australia. BC bubbles tend to age well thanks to the natural acidity. Most of the wines are made from the traditional Champagne grape varieties Chardonnay and Pinot Noir but there is some quality sparkling made from Riesling and other varieties.

FORTIFIED WINES Fortified wines make up just a small percentage of BC’s wine production. The majority of the wines follow in the Port model either as a fuller-bodied sweeter, fortified red-style like Ruby or Vintage Port or as a longer-aged Tawny style. Some producers are experimenting with other fortified wines in the Madeira and Liqueur Muscat styles. BC fortified wines are often bright in fruit with sweetness, balancing natural acidity and some developed flavours and aromas from ageing in barrel.

LATE HARVEST WINES In addition to Icewine, BC also makes Botrytis affected wines and medium-sweet Late Harvest wines. The generally dry conditions in the Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley mean that Botrytis, or noble rot, is not widespread. Only a few producers consistently make a Botrytis affected wine. Late Harvest wines are more common with many producers choosing to leave some grapes to harvest later in the season when they are sweeter and then stopping the fermentation to make a wine with residual sugar. “FOR ME, WINE IS THE THE OKANAGAN VISITING BC WINE COUNTRY THREE P’S: THE PLACE, VALLEY RANKED #1 1,000,000 visitors flock to BC Wine Country each year, and for good reason. Our wine SAVOUR THIS PLACE THE PEOPLE, AND THE IN VIATOR’S TOP 10 PRODUCT. BRITISH WINE DESTINATIONS regions offer exceptional experiences, wonderful wines, and a unique Canadian charm. COLUMBIA TICKS ALL AROUND THE WORLD Wine is all about a sense of place, and we invite you to discover the people and place OF THESE BOXES WITH behind our wonderful industry. EXUBERANCE, ELEGANCE AND CONVICTION.” STAY There is an undeniable romanticism to staying in wine country. Waking up and - STEVEN SPURRIER CANADA’S OKANAGAN VALLEY IS THE BEST wandering through rows of grape vines. Lounging poolside with a glass of wine. WINE DESTINATION Watching the sunset over the vineyards. This enchanting aspiration is not lost on YOU’VE NEVER HEARD British Columbia wineries, which have a plethora of amazing accommodations available OF - SAN FRANCISCO for those who wish to linger longer. From sleek and modern minimalist lofts, to cozy MAGAZINE country cabins and Tuscan-inspired villas, there is a huge array of places to lay your head – each taking full advantage of breathtaking vineyard views. Find your perfect getaway at WineBC.com.

EAT THE OKANAGAN VALLEY WAS RANKED When it comes to pairing wine with seasonal, locally sourced cuisine, BC chefs who ONE OF THE BEST have been drawn here for access to fresh ingredients are creating exciting pairings PLACES TO TRAVEL that can’t be missed. Try BC wine on menus from Vancouver and all over wine country IN 2016 BY TRAVEL + paired with international cuisine – from Indian to Thai and from Italian to Ethiopian LEISURE MAGAZINE as well as a our own distinctly Pacific Northwest style. In BC Wine Country, internationally acclaimed restaurants are putting out cuisine to be celebrated. Old Vines Restaurant at Quails’ Gate Winery, The Terrace at Mission Hill Family Estate and Miradoro Restaurant at Tinhorn Creek Vineyards have all recently NAMED ONE OF THE been named among the top winery restaurants in the world by highly respected 10 BEST WINE DESTINA- publications. The BC winery restaurant scene is so hot, that new chefs are moving to TIONS OF 2015 BY WINE wine country from all over the world to be a part of this flourishing industry. ENTHUSIAST MAGAZINE

RANKED #1 WINE REGION IN THE WORLD BY THE HUFFINGTON POST TOUR MISSION HILL FAMILY ESTATE’S THE TERRACE You have decided which BC wine region to visit. Now it’s time to plan how best to enjoy RESTAURANT WAS BC Wine Country. The handy trip planner tool on WineBC.com provides an excellent NAMED ONE OF THE resource for anyone looking to tour. Carpooling with a group of friends is a great way TOP FIVE WINERY to tour, but for those who want to sit back and relax, there are several guided tours RESTAURANTS IN THE #ExploreBCWine available for any style of traveler. WORLD BY TRAVEL + Whether you’re looking to tour by land, air, or water, BC’s wine regions offer it all. LEISURE MAGAZINE For a relaxed trip, perhaps you’d enjoy a guided trip by limousine, vintage car or bicycle. Feeling a bit more adventurous? You can take to the skies with a float plane or helicopter wine tour. For something extra special and unique in the Okanagan, try a CONNECT WITH US kayak or stand up paddle board (SUP) wine tour. SIMILKAMEEN VALLEY NAMED ONE OF THE #ExploreBCWine WORLD’S FIVE BEST EVENTS Wines of British Columbia is active across a number of social media channels, and WINE REGIONS YOU’VE encourages media and trade to get involved and help raise awareness for BC’s premium For more than 30 years, destination wine events have drawn people from around the NEVER HEARD OF BY 4.6K+ wine regions and tourism experiences, inspire consumers to visit, gather and share world to the Okanagan, Vancouver Island and Gulf Islands, Fraser Valley and more. ENROUTE MAGAZINE From ocean shores to mountain tops, and during every single season there is a wine amazing photos and stories, and help answer questions about BC wine. Likes event to be found. Long table dinners in vineyards, private vertical tastings and wine Twitter @WineBCdotcom parties that won’t soon be forgotten are just some of the choices. Go to WineBC.com Facebook fb.com/winebcdotcom for the most up-to-date list of events. Instagram @WineBCdotcom OKANAGAN VALLEY FARM FRESH VOTED #2 BEST WINE 10.1K+ REGION TO VISIT BY Want to discover the best local wine-and-food scene? Take some time to enjoy one of USA TODAY READERS ENGAGE WITH THE WINES OF BRITISH Followers the local farmers markets during your stay and celebrate farm-fresh ingredients. Not COLUMBIA ON SOCIAL MEDIA only can you get a vast array of fresh produce, baked goods and artisanal ingredients, Follow us @WineBCdotcom but you can now sample and buy your favourite BC VQA Wine from local wineries. In its first year of implementation, markets across BC reported increased traffic, which they Tag your BC wine & culinary tourism photos with #ExploreBCWine naturally attribute to the sale of wine, beer and spirits. 3.9K+ Tag your BC wine photos with #BCWine WINES OF BRITISH Followers COLUMBIA AROUND Share BC wine media coverage or accolades with us by tagging @WineBCdotcom AGING BC WINE THE WORLD For a wine to age well and develop into something interesting and complex it needs to The Wines of British Share photos from media, trade and other BC wine and tourism events with us by tagging have concentration of flavour and structure from acidity and tannin. The climate in the Columbia can now be @WineBCdotcom Okanagan Valley and Similkameen Valley makes intensely flavoured and structured found in the USA, Hong Retweet our tweets from your accounts. wines naturally, wines that are technically perfect for long-term cellaring. We don’t Kong, China, India, United Kingdom, Taiwan, and Japan have a long history of vintages to prove this point yet, but many examples have shown WineBC.com (Consumer) so you can treat yourself they will improve and evolve for well over a decade. The Wines of British Columbia may to a little taste of British WineBC.org/press_room (Media & Trade) well be one of the best-value wines in the world for cellaring. Columbia abroad. WineBC.smugmug.com (Image Gallery) THE BRITISH COLUMBIA WINE INSTITUTE Since 1990, the BC Wine Institute (BCWI) has played a pivotal role in taking BC’s wine industry from a vision to an internationally recognized niche region producing premium wines and providing exceptional wine tourism experiences. The BCWI markets the wine and regions of BC; delivers quality trade, media and consumer tastings; and acts as the voice of BC’s wine industry by advocating to government on behalf of industry that contributes $2.8 billion in provincial economic growth annually. The BCWI represents all wineries in British Columbia to grow the premium market share for the Wines of British Columbia, while driving awareness of our world-class wines and tourism product - currently drawing 1,000,000 visitors with $600 million in tourism and tourism employment related economic impact every year.

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March 2017