ATTACHMENT SS2

REGION 2 SENSITIVE SPECIES EVALUATION FORM

Species: Echinocereus reichenbachii (Tescheck ex Walp.) F. Haage var. perbellus (Britton & Rose) L.D. Benson lace hedgehog cactus

Criteria Rank Rationale Literature Citations Known from sw ¼ CO (cited by Weber & Wittman as occurring “in the Arkansas River Valley”) and sw-most (Morton Co) KS. [Vouchers at KANU from Otero Co, CO; and Morton Co KS.] Species is at n and e limit of • Benson 1982 1 its range in R2. Freeman (1989) notes that E. reichenbachii var. perbellus grades into the more southern • Freeman 1989 var. reichenbachii, which meets the n and w limit of its range in n-most panhandle of TX. • Freeman in prep. Distribution A Status: G4(G5); KS S1. within R2 • Kaul 1991 • Weber & Wittman 2001 Confidence in Rank High or Medium or Low • Benson 1982 sw ¼ CO and sw-most KS, s through w ½ of the pandhandle and w ½ of TX; thence w through e 1/3 of NM. • Correll & Johnston 1979 2 • Freeman 1989 • Freeman in prep. Distribution B outside R2 • Kaul 1991 Confidence in Rank High or Medium or Low • Martin & Hutchins 1980 • Weber & Wittman 2001 Evaluator was unable to find any direct information on dispersal capability [rank D]. However, observation of herbarium specimens reveals relatively low seed set. This, in combination with habitat requirements, may 3 limit dispersal capability [rank B].

Dispersal B/D Capability Confidence in Rank High or Medium or Low Freeman reports species to be locally common in Cimarron NG (“fairly common in sections 16 and 17, T34S, R43W, where it occurs in mixed populations with E. virididflorus.”) Observation of herbarium 4 specimen labels at KANU suggests that species frequently occurs with the more common E. viridiflorus, with • Freeman 1989 Abundance in B which vegetative plants may be confused. R2 Confidence in Rank High or Medium or Low Freeman reports KS population to have suffered some habitat loss due to disturbance from oil and gas drilling in the Cimarron NG [rank A]. Evaluator was unable to find information on population trends 5 elsewhere in R2 [rank D; but see comments in sects 6 and 7]. • Freeman 1989 Population A/D Trend in R2 Confidence in Rank High or Medium or Low Ostlie et al. report that approximately 40% of short grass prairie has been converted to croplands since settlement, with much of the remainder used for livestock grazing. Species may suffer indirectly from 6 intensive grazing, through trampling by livestock. Freeman reports that the KS population has suffered some • Freeman 1989 Habitat Trend A habitat loss due to disturbance from oil and gas drilling in the Cimarron NG. • Ostlie et al. 1997 in R2 Confidence in Rank High or Medium or Low

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Species: Echinocereus reichenbachii (Tescheck ex Walp.) F. Haage var. perbellus (Britton & Rose) L.D. Benson lace hedgehog cactus

Criteria Rank Rationale Literature Citations Restricted to rocky or gravelly prairies, usually on limestone soils but also reported from sandy soils by 7 Freeman. Freeman reports that the KS population has suffered some habitat loss, due to disturbance from • Freeman 1989 Habitat oil and gas drilling in the Cimarron NG. Additional, potential threats mentioned by the latter author include • Kaul 1991 Vulnerability B disturbance from quarrying sand or gravel and collecting for the horticultural trade. or • Weber & Wittman 2001 Modification Confidence in Rank High or Medium or Low Long-lived, low cactus. Flowering late May through mid June; fruiting mid June through July? Evaluator was 8 unable to find information on life history. However, congeners are reported to be pollinated by medium- • Breckenridge & Miller 1982 sized, solitary bees, hawkmoths and hummingbirds. Species’ success may ultimately depend on availability • Freeman 1989 Life History B of habitat for pollinators. Further study is warranted. • Kaul 1991 and Demographics • Scogin 1985 Confidence in Rank High or Medium or Low Evaluator: Caleb A. Morse, R.L. McGregor Herbarium (KANU), University of Kansas Campus West, 2045 Constant Ave, Lawrence KS 66047 Date: 12/30/01

National Forests in the Rocky Mountain Region where species is KNOWN (K) or LIKELY (L)1 to occur:

South Dakota Colorado NF/NG Kansas NF/NG Nebraska NF/NG Wyoming NF/NG NF/NG Likely Likely Likely Likely Likely Known Known Known Known Known

Arapaho-Roosevelt Samuel Cimmaron NG X2 Black Hills NF Shoshone NF NF R.McKelvie NF White River NF Halsey NF Buffalo Gap NG Bighorn NF Routt NF Nebraska NF Ft. Pierre NG Black Hills NF Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, Ogalala NG Medicine Bow NF Gunnison NF Thunder Basin San Juan NF NG Rio Grande NF Pawnee NG Pike-San Isabel NF Comanche NG X 2 Voucher specimens cited in Freeman (1989).

1 Likely is defined as more likely to occur than not occur on the National Forest or Grassland. This generally can be thought of as having a 50% chance or greater of appearing on NFS lands.

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REFERENCES

Benson, L.D. 1982. The Cacti of the United States and Canada. Stanford University Press. Stanford, California. ix + 1044 pp. Breckenridge, F.G. and J.M. Miller. 1982. Pollination biology, distribution, and chemotaxonomy of the Echinocereus enneacanthus Complex (Cactaceae). Syst. Bot. 7: 365–378. Correll, D.S. and M.C. Johnston. 1979. Manual of the Vascular Plants of Texas. University of Texas at Dallas. Richardson, Texas. xv + 1881 pp. Freeman, C.C. 1989. Rare plants of the Cimarron National Grassland, Kansas, Final Report. Reports of the State Biological Survey of Kansas. Lawrence, Kansas. ix + 238 pp. Freeman, C.C. in prep. Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Grassland Biome of Central North America. Great Plains Flora Association. 1977. Atlas of the Flora of the Great Plains. Iowa State University Press. Ames, Iowa. xii + 600 pp. Kaul, R.B. 1991. Cactaceae, pp. 153–160 in Great Plains Flora Association, Flora of the Great Plains. University Press of Kansas. Lawrence, Kansas. vii + 1402 pp. Martin, W.C. and C.R. Hutchins. 1980. A Flora of New Mexico. J. Cramer. Vaduz, Germany. xiii + 2591 pp. Ostlie, W.R., R.E. Schneider, J.M. Aldrich, T.M. Faust, R.L.B. McKim and S.J. Chaplin. 1997. The Status of Biodiversity in the Great Plains. The Nature Conservancy. Arlington, Virginia. xii + 326 pp. Scogin, R. 1985. Nectar constituents of the Cactaceae. Southw. Nat. 30: 77–82. Weber, W.A. and R.C. Wittman. 2001. Colorado Flora: Eastern Slope (3rd Edition). University Press of Colorado. Boulder, Colorado. xl + 521 pp.

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