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The Scarlet-Flowered Species of Echinocereus in Utah

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Sego Lily July 2010 33 (4) July 2010 (volume 33 number 4) In this issue: The Scarlet-Flowered Species of Echinocereus in Utah . 1, 4 Chapter News . 2 Annual Field Trip Highlights . 3 Bulletin Board . 3 New San Juan/Four Corners Native Plant Society Global Garlic Mustard Survey Cedar Breaks Wildflowers A Comparison of Utah Echino- cereus Species . 7 Dodder Doesn‟t Dodder Around 8 Utah Botanica: Zion Vegetation Program: In Bloom Year-Round . 9 Botanist‟s Bookshelf: Summer Reading Special . 10 Cover: A small clump of Claret cup (now called Echinocereus mojaven- sis) in the San Rafael Swell. Photo by Dorde W. Woodruff The Scarlet-Flowered Species of Echinocereus in Utah By Dorde W. Woodruff fairly common sight in Utah‟s can- have not been studied extensively or yons, foothills, plateaus, and the thoroughly enough. The scarlet-flowered higher parts of desert valleys. The Unfortunately Utah is a backwa- clumps commonly grow in rocky ter for cactus research, so members Echinocerei are predomi- of the cactus family are less well un- places and usually on slopes. derstood here than in better- nantly hummingbird-pollinated and Botanists have often sought to researched states such as Arizona. have large, showy, bright red flowers identify cactus specimens from To my knowledge we have never had in cespitose clumps that can reach Utah on the basis of keys derived a professor at one of our Utah col- an impressive size of a hundred or from other states that don‟t work leges or universities interested in more heads. Sizeable clumps with well here or are not valid. Many Cactaceae, with a stable of eager their bright flowers are a striking cactus populations in our state graduate students to do the work. feature of late spring. They are a In this some- [continued on page 4] Copyright 2010 Utah Native Plant Society. All Rights Reserved. Utah Native Plant Society Education: Ty Harrison Sego Lily Editor: Walter Fertig Horticulture: Maggie Wolf ([email protected]). The deadline for Invasive Weeds: Susan Fitts the September 2010 Sego Lily is 15 Rare Plants: Walter Fertig August 2010. Scholarship: Bill Gray Copyright 2010 Utah Native Plant So- Chapters and Chapter Presidents ciety. All Rights Reserved Cache: Michael Piep Cedar City: Marguerite Smith The Sego Lily is a publication of the Officers Escalante: Harriet Priska Utah Native Plant Society, a 501(c)(3) President: Walter Fertig (Kane Co) Fremont: Lisa White not-for-profit organization dedicated Vice President: Kipp Lee (Salt Lake Co) Manzanita: Walter Fertig to conserving and promoting steward- Treasurer: Charlene Homan (Salt Lake Mountain: Mindy Wheeler ship of our native plants. Use of con- Co) Salt Lake: Marni Ambrose tent material is encouraged but re- Secretary: Mindy Wheeler (Summit Southwestern/Bearclaw poppy: Mar- quires permission (except where ex- Co) garet Malm empted by statute) and must be cor- Board Co-Chairs: Bill King (Salt Lake Utah Valley: Celeste Kennard rectly credited and cited. Articles, Co) and Dave Wallace (Cache Co) photographs and illustrations submit- Website: For late-breaking news, the ted to us remain the property of the UNPS Board: Loreen Allphin (Utah UNPS store, the Sego Lily archives, submitting individuals or organiza- Co), Robert Fitts (Utah Co), Susan Fitts Chapter events, links to other websites tions. Submit permission requests to (Utah Co), Ty Harrison (Salt Lake Co), (including sources of native plants and [email protected]. We encourage read- Celeste Kennard (Utah Co), Margaret the digital Utah Rare Plant Field ers to submit articles for potential Malm (Washington Co), Larry Meyer Guide), and more, go to unps.org. publication. By submitting an article, (Salt Lake Co), Therese Meyer (Salt Many thanks to Xmission for an implicit license is granted to print Lake Co), Leila Shultz (Cache Co), sponsoring our website. the article in the newsletter or other Maggie Wolf (Salt Lake Co). For more information on UNPS: UNPS publications for reprint without Contact Bill King (582-0432) or Susan permission (in print and electronic Committees Fitts (801-756-6177), or write to media). When submitting an article, Communications: Larry Meyer UNPS, PO Box 520041, Salt Lake City, please indicate whether it has been Conservation: Bill King and Tony UT, 84152-0041 or email previously published or submitted for Frates [email protected] consideration to other publications. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ yon Botanical Area on Dixie Na- Chapter News tional Forest, off UT Hwy 12 west of Bryce Canyon National Park. We Manzanita (Kane County): On will carpool from the Grand Stair- May 28, a dozen Kanab area plant case-Escalante NM visitor center enthusiasts embarked on an expedi- parking lot in Kanab at 8 AM and tion to the East Rim of Zion Canyon plan to arrive at the botanical area to view the spring wildflowers of by 9:30 AM for a leisurely half day Zion National Park. Part of our mis- of searching for Claron endemics sion was also to confirm the pres- among the Bristlecone pines. For ence of Dwarf cryptanth (Crypt- more info, contact me antha humilis, below), a species ([email protected]).—W. Fertig. which had been previously reported for Zion NP, but not photographed Salt Lake: There are three remain- or documented with a museum ing field trips scheduled for summer voucher. We successfully located a 2010: small patch of the low-growing, Saturday, July 17: Upper Lambs white-flowered, bristly plants along the trail on Carmel Limestone. Several other plants of interest Canyon with Bill Stockdale and were found with the cryptantha, Mindy Wheeler including the yellow-flowered Saturday, August 7: Brighton to Charleston Mountain violet (Viola see Wood nymph (Moneses purpurea var. charlestonensis) uniflora) with Bill Nelsen and Rose‟s spring-parsley Saturday, August 14: Hiking and (Cymopterus purpureus var. ro- potluck in Upper City Creek Canyon sei). In all, we found 132 vascular with Marni Ambrose. plant species in bloom. For more information on these Our next field trip will be on trips, contact Bill Gray at cyber- Saturday, 17 July to the Red Can- [email protected] or 801-532- 3486.—Bill Gray 2 Sego Lily July 2010 33 (4) Annual Field Trip Bulletin Board Highlights New San Juan/Four Corners Native Plant Society: Many of you On June 12, the Manzanita Chap- may already be aware of the „Southwest Colorado Wildflowers‟ website cre- ter hosted the UNPS state board for ated by Al Schneider (www.swcoloradowildflowers.com/) - it is a real treas- its yearly foray to southern Utah. As ure trove of information and photos about the plants of the Four Corners part of the festivities, the chapter area. Al has now started a new society dedicated to the native plants of the sponsored the first botanical foray of area called the San Juan/Four Corners Native Plant Society. He invites all the Best Friends Animal Sanctuary, UNPS members and especially those from the southeast part of Utah to par- located 7 miles north of Kanab. Best ticipate in his field trips and other events. Follow the link above to get more Friends is a no-kill animal shelter information or contact Al directly if you would like to be included in email focusing on dogs, cats, horses, rab- notification. - Bill Gray bits, and exotic birds. The grounds of the sanctuary include several Global Garlic Mustard Field Survey: Do you want to be part of the hundred acres of unspoiled redrock world‟s largest scientific research project on invasive species? The „Global canyons, pinyon-juniper forest, sand Garlic Mustard Field Survey‟ is an international collaboration to obtain dunes, and riparian woodlands. Our much-needed data on the abundance and distribution of Garlic mustard goal was to develop a plant species (Alliaria petiolata) across its native and introduced ranges. In our first list for the sanctuary. field season last year, we received measurements and seed samples from 65 Our small but enthusiastic team populations, with a majority from Europe. Our goal for this summer is 150 of botanists and naturalists spent 6 or more, with a stronger emphasis on the southern and mid-west to western hours scouring the area in search of United States. new plant species. Entomologist This year we are hoping to increase participation among educators, as Ken Kingsley (below) provided ex- well as land managers and citizen scientists who may not have much formal pert commentary on a number of science training. The survey involves a simple protocol that can be followed unusual insects in the area, includ- directly or incorporated into field courses and nature surveys. A population ing the yucca moth and the parasi- takes two people about 2-4 hours to measure. We are also planning to de- toid wasp that preys on its develop- velop internet-based teaching modules and tools to aid with monitoring and managing this invasive plant. The sampling protocol, along with contact information is available at the Global Garlic Mustard Field Survey website: www.GarlicMustard.org. Ideal sampling time is 2-4 weeks after flowering finishes (mid to late July in Utah). Please contact me if you would like to participate—Dr. Robert Colautti, Biology Dept., Duke University ([email protected]). Cedar Breaks Wildflower Festival: The 5th annual Cedar Breaks Wild- flower Festival will be held from Friday, July 2 to Sunday, July 18 at Cedar Breaks National Monument in scenic southeastern Iron County, Utah (23 miles east of Cedar City). Volunteer wildflower specialists will be on hand for guided hikes at 10 AM and 1 PM daily. A Junior Ranger “wildflower scaven- ger hunt” will be held on Fridays and Saturdays dur- ing larvae within the flower of the ing the festival at 3 PM.
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    MICROPROPAGATION AND PIGMENT EXTRACTION OF Echinocereus cinerascens HASHIMAH ELIAS FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2017 MICROPROPAGATION AND PIGMENT EXTRACTION OF Echinocereus cinerascens HASHIMAH ELIAS THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2017 UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION Name of Candidate: Hashimah Binti Elias Registration/Matric No: SHC110033 Name of Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Title of Project Paper/Research Report/Dissertation/Thesis (“this Work”): Micropropagation and Pigment Extraction of Echinocereus cinerascens Field of Study: (Science) Plant Biotechnology I do solemnly and sincerely declare that: (1) I am the sole author/writer of this Work; (2) This Work is original; (3) Any use of any work in which copyright exists was done by way of fair dealing and for permitted purposes and any excerpt or extract from, or reference to or reproduction of any copyright work has been disclosed expressly and sufficiently and the title of the Work and its authorship have been acknowledged in this Work; (4) I do not have any actual knowledge nor do I ought reasonably to know that the making of this work constitutes an infringement of any copyright work; (5) I hereby assign all and every rights in the copyright to this Work to the University of Malaya (“UM”), who henceforth shall be owner of the copyright in this Work and that any reproduction or use in any form or by any means whatsoever is prohibited without the written consent of UM having been first had and obtained; (6) I am fully aware that if in the course of making this Work I have infringed any copyright whether intentionally or otherwise, I may be subject to legal action or any other action as may be determined by UM.