Index

Abbreviations and contractions: a[rch]b[isho]p; br[other]; ch[urch]; c[oun]tess; c[oun]ty; d[aughter]; dioc[ese]; el[ect]; inf[anta/e]; k[in]gdom; v[is]c[oun]t; q[ueen]; s[on]

Abbasid dynasty 64, 146, 148 al-Azraq, rebellion of 80–1 Abbeville, Cardinal John of, papal al-Idrcsc, geographer 21 legate 49, 64, 77 al-Mustangir, Almohad caliph 62 Abd al–Mu’min, Almohad caliph 34 al-Nagir, Almohad caliph 46 Abrahem el Barchilón, Jewish tax- al-Riqetc 135 farmer 88 al-Rundc, poet 70 Abe Bakr, qA’id of Xàtiva 68, 81–2 al-Suyejc 132n Abe Ya‘qeb, Marcnid sultan 222–3, al-Wathiq 69 226 Alagón, Blasco de, Aragonese Abe Yesuf, Marcnid sultan 144, 170, nobleman 63–4, 67 181, 193 Alarcos, battle of (1195) 37, 40 Abe Zayd, wAlC of 64, 77 Albarracín 90 Abulafia, Todros ben Yehudah ha-Levi lordship of 12, 146, 182, 215, 228 119 Alberic of Trois Fontaines, chronicler Afonso Henriques, kg of Portugal 11, 11, 42, 55, 59n, 61 17, 18, 32 Albert de la Tour-du-Pin 142 Afonso II, kg of Portugal 173 Albertus Magnus 180 Afonso III, kg of Portugal 109, 159 Alcalá de Henares Africa 107,COPYRIGHTED 108, 185 episcopal MATERIAL meeting at (1257) 115 Agnes of Poitou, wife of Ramiro II studium at 226–7 (the Monk) of Aragón 18 Alcaraz, treaty of (1243) 69 Agreda, treaty of (1281) 182, 186 Alexander the Great 48, 134–5, 163 Aguilar de Campóo 122 Alexander III, pope 10 Ahones, Pedro de 64 bull ‘Manifestis probatum’ 35 Aigues-Mortes 83 Alexander IV, pope 108, 113, 129, Aimeric de Peguilhan, 41 142 Index 271

Alexander of Roes, political theorist 6 and succession 172–7 Alfaro 219–20 will of 193–4 Alfons see Alfonso Alfonso X, kg of Castile, works Alfonso I (the Battler), kg of Aragón Astronomical Tables 180 23n Cantigas d’escarnho e de maldezir pseudo- 19 158, 169, 195 Alfonso II, kg of Aragón (Alfons I, ct of Cantigas de Santa María 93, 152, Barcelona) 16, 17, 19, 37–8, 44 154, 160, 172, 181, 183 Alfonso II, kg at Oviedo 4 Espéculo 122n, 124–5, 130, 133, Alfonso III, kg of Aragón (Alfons II, 172 ct of Barcelona) 102, 216–20, Estoria de España 93n, 105, 138, 230–1 160, 162–4 as infante 176, 200 F. Real 89n, 122–5, 127, 177 Alfonso VI, kg of Castile–León 51 General Estoria 138, 141, 162–4, Alfonso VII, ‘emperor’ of Castile– 195 León 7, 9, 10, 12 ‘Libro del Candado’ attributed to imperial coronation 61 136n Alfonso VIII, kg of Castile 11, 24–57, Setenario 73, 122, 133n, 197 91 Siete Partidas 92, 98, 110n, 130, alleged will 57 137, 144, 153, 160, 172, 174, will 45 194n, 234 Alfonso IX, kg of León 9, 23, 39, 41, ‘Versión crítica’ 195–6 42, 45, 54, 58 Alfonso X, kg of Castile, vernacular Alfonso X, kg of Castile 6, 37, 100 translations alleged heterodoxy 179, 205, 208 Calila e Dimna 104n and 130, 134–5, 163 Estrellas fixas 141 astronomy and astrology 140, 149, Lapidario 104n, 134–5, 136n, 140, 180 180 as avatar of former worthies 135, Liber Razielis 143, 180 163 Libro de la açafeha 141 death of 203 Libro de astromagia 180 depictions of 134–5, 194 Libro de las Cruces 129, 134 estimate of 204–9 Libros del saber del astrologia 137 health of 173, 193 Picatrix 180 and history 105, 140, 181 Alfonso XI, kg of Castile 191n imperial objectives 104, 142–9 Alfonso de la Cerda 182, 212 see also as infante 69, 104–5, 133–4 la Cerda, infantes of intellectual and educational agenda Alfonso of Castile, inf. of Aragón 67, 136–41 85, 110, 146 law and legislation 117–27 Algeciras, siege of (1279) 181 political attitudes 164–7, 201 Alicante 157 prodigality 105–6 Almenara 68 on royal and imperial authority Almería 10, 14 130, 196–7 Poem of 14 272 Index

Almohads, blackness of 99 Baghdad 146 Alonso de Palencia, annalist 106 Baldino Lancia, of Pisa 111 Alphonse of Poitiers, ct of Balliol, John de 212 84 Balteira, Maria Pérez, courtesan 205n Álvarez, Cardinal Ordoño 178, 211 Bane‘Ashqilelah 67, 68, 157–9, 170, Anastasius IV, pope 15 181 anointing, royal see unsacral Bane ‘I¯sa 81–2 monarchy baptism ‘Anonymous Latin chronicle’ see Juan refused to Muslims 91 de Soria Barcelona 44, 102–3, 213n Aquinas, Thomas St Bp Guillem de Torroja 17 on conversion 97 Consell de Cent 66 on Jews and Muslims 95 Corts of (1283–4) 200–1 Aragón, kgdom of debate on Messiah 89–90 alleged fruitfulness of 100 Ramon de Caldes, dean 38 fueros of 157, 200 Barcelos, Ct of 189 Aragonese characterized 2, 20, 63, 201 Bartholomew of Messina, translator Arcos (de la Frontera) 109 136n Arias Núñez, troubadour 226 bathing Aristotle 52, 134–5 bath-house rules 90 reputed a Spaniard 139 enervating effects of 41 see also Alfonso X with non-Christians 88 Arnaldo, Master, medic of Alfonso Baybars, Mamluk sultan 148 VIII 54n Bayonne 182 Astorga, Bp Martín of 220 Béarn 15 Asturias, Alvar Díaz de 178 Beatrice of 84 At de Mons, troubadour 150 Beatrice of Swabia, q. of Fernando III Aurembaix, ctess of Urgell 65 59, 80n Auto de los Reyes Magos 55 Beatriz, natural d. of Alfonso X, q. of automata 191n Dinis of Portugal 109, 189, 195, Avendauth, translator 53 203 Avicenna 52–3 Beaucaire 169 Ávila 21, 29, 33, 34, 91, 116 Benavente Aimar, bp-el. of 182 meeting of hermandad at (1283) Aza, García Garcés de 25 200 Azagra Benveniste de Saporta 90 Pedro Ruiz de, lord of Albarracín 12 Berenguela of Barcelona, q. of Alfonso Teresa Álvarez, de 13, 146 VII 20 Berenguela Fernández, mistress of Badajoz 159 Jaime I 217n siege of (1169) 32 Berenguela, infanta of Castile, q. of Baeza Alfonso IX 42, 45, 50, 57–62, 80 clergy of and Jews 88 character and reputation 59–60 fuero of 126–7 Bernardo de S. Eugenia 108n Index 273

Bertran de Born, troubadour 19 Cantar de Mio Cid 47, 79 Bilbao 102 Cape Orlando, battle of (1299) 233 birth control 153 capital cities 102, 214–15 Blanca, infanta of Castile, q. of Louis Cardona, Pere de 16, 48 VIII of 58, 89 Carrión, Cortes of (1188) 39 Blancas, Gerónimo de, cronista of Cartagena 69 Aragón 44 Castro family 120 Blanche of France, wife of Fernando Fernando Rodríguez de 26, 29, 31, de la Cerda 160, 220 33 Bodin, Jean 58 Gutierre Fernández de 25, 29 Boethius 137 Pedro Fernández de 40 Bonaventura of Siena, notary of Catalonia 4, 213 Alfonso X 160 characterized 2, 201 Boniface VIII, pope 230, 232–3 Cazola, treaty of (1179) 35, 84 Bordeaux 199–200 Cazorla, adelantamiento of 75 Borja 200 Celestine III, pope 40, 42 Burdet, Robert 14 Cervatos 123, 124 Burgos 100, 102–3, 112 Cerverí of Girona, troubadour 143, concejo of 121, 197–8 167 Cortes of (1169) 32, 39 Ceuta 69, 150, 154, 170 (1269) 159 chancery (royal), Castilian and (1272) 164 Leonese 77–8 (1274) 168, 177n Charlemagne 4, 11, 54, 55 (1276) 174 Charles of 84–5, 136n, 147, Fernando de Covarrubias, bp of 160, 216 187 Charles of Salerno 218, 231 Burriana 68, 70 Charles of Valois 198, 215, 233 child-bearing 153 caballería villana 127–8, 158 Chronicle of Alfonso III 8 Cabreros, treaty of (1206) 47 Chronicle of Alfonso VII 14, 18 Cádiz 154 Cid, The dean of 205 nose of 173n Çag de la Maleha, Jewish tax-farmer Cistercian Order 18–19 89, 119, 181 Ciudad Real 220 Calahorra 29 Ciudad Rodrigo 28–9 ch. of 60–1 Clement IV, pope 24n dioc. of 67, 79 clerical offspring 153 Calatrava 10 climate, Spanish 113–14, 142, 164 Order of 10, 109 clothes, Spanish 2 Caltabellota, treaty of (1302) 233 Coll i Alentorn, M. xn Calvo, Bonifaci, troubadour 114, 207 compadrazgo 67 Campillo, treaty of (1281) 182 Conrad of Hohenstaufen (in 1188) 59 Candavera 23 Conrad of Hohenstaufen (in 1254) Canfranc, treaty of (1288) 227 113 274 Index

Conradin of Hohenstaufen 160, 168, Diego García, chancellor of Castile: see 177–8 Planeta Constança of Aragón, sister of Pedro Dinis, kg of Portugal 109, 159n, 176 II 44 ‘Division of Wamba’ 77 Constança of Aragón, sister of Pedro Dolça of Aragón, q. of Sancho I of III 228 Portugal 18 Constança of Moncada 175 Dolça, ctess of Provence 15 Constantinople 186n Domingo Gundisalvo, translator 53 Baldwin II, Latin emperor of 147 51, 61, 94, 188 Emperor Manuel Comnenus of 111 and conversion of Jews 87–9 Emperor Michael Palaeologus of language schools 98 146, 147, 222 and learning 52 Constanza of Hohenstaufen, q. of and Spanish Crusade 170 Pedro III of Aragón 85, 146 Donin, Nicholas OP, converso 89 convivencia 24, 87–103 Corbeil, treaty of (1258) 84–5 earthquakes 114, 164 Córdoba 72 Eberhard, bp of Constance 112 clergy of and Jews 88 Écija 153, 207 reconquest of 69–71, 78 battle of (1275) 170 corona (crown) Edmund, prince of England 108 as national fisc 159, 201 education 48–9 as physical object 193 Edward I, kg of England 230 symbolism of 222 as heir 108, 110 coronation 43–4, 101 Egidius de Tebaldis 141, 209 imperial 112 Eleanor of England, q. of Alfonso III Corpus Christi, feast of 91 of Aragón 176 Crónica de Alfonso X 109n, 159, 166, Enrique I, kg of Castile 57 171, 174n, 202 Enrique I, kg of Navarre 174 Crónica de Sancho IV 213, 228 Enrique, inf. of Castile 94, 108, 109, Cuenca 38 110, 119, 167, 228–9 capture of (1177) 34–5 Eslida 81 fuero of 39, 126 Estella 1 Pedro, bp of 154 Everley, Geoffrey of, rector of Harrow currency, Castilian 183, 189, 191, 207n 207–8, 222 Ezzelino da Romano III 129, 133n, 142 Daroca (Cortes of, 1228) 67 David, biblical ruler 197, 202 Fadrique, inf. of Castile 81, 104, 113, demography and colonisation 21 176–7, 179n, 189 of al-Andalus 70–4, 150–1, 154 Fadrique, inf. of Aragón, kg of Sicily of kgdom of Valencia 81–2, 151 and Trinacria 231–3 denaturalization 110, 160 Felipe, inf. of Castile, sometime abp- Desclot, Bernat, chronicler 12, 66, el. of 79, 113, 147, 159, 172, 215 212 Index 275

Fernán Alfonso, natural s. of Inf. Genoa, Genoese 14, 44, 83n, 111, Felipe de Castile 113n 145–6, 182, 208 Fernán Pérez, prior of Spanish Geoffrey of Monmouth 195 Hospitallers 188 Gerald the Fearless 32 Fernán Pérez Ponce 178 Gerald of Wales 101 Fernán Rodríguez de Cabañas, Gerard of Borgo San Donnino, emissary of Alfonso X 113n eschatologist 204n Fernando II, kg of León 8, 11, 17, , translator 53 26–33 Gervase of Tilbury 2 Fernando III, kg of Castile and León Gesta comitum Barcinonensium 3 23n, 45, 47, 50, 58–62, 68–74, Gibraltar 98, 150 82–3 Gil de Zamora, OFM 106, 107, and Jews 88–9, 93, 96, 116 137–8, 171n, 174, 178, 224 Fernando IV, kg of Castile and León Giovanni da Procida 168n 98 Giraut de Bornelh, troubadour 41 legitimization of 211, 230 Giraut del Luc, troubadour 19 Fernando, inf. of Castile 45–6, 48, Girona 91, 216 93 Berenguer de Castellbisbal, bp of Fernando de la Cerda, inf. of Castile 81 87n, 160, 166–7, 170, 211n Corts of, 1 (1888) 38–9 Ferran, inf. of Aragón 83 Glick, T. F., historian 74 Ferran, inf. of Aragón, abt of godparents 154 Montearagón 63 gold 107, 145, 208 Florence 111, 208 Gómez García, privado of Sancho IV Franciscan Order 51, 94 218, 220 and learning 52 Gonzalo Pérez, notary for Castile Frankfurt 112 167n Frederick I, emperor 139 abp of Toledo 198–9, 220–2, Frederick II, emperor 44, 85 227 French bp of Burgos 179n Castilian opinion of 54–5 Gothic myth 12, 24, 33, 76, 80, 108, Catalan opinion of 218 125, 130, 162, 164, 168, 196–7, Fu-Mengji 149n 215, 233–4 Fuente Armejil, Pedro Nuñez de 27 Granada 67–8, 99 Fuero Juzgo 121–2 Gregory IX, pope 50, 67, 79, 80, 84, Fuero Viejo de Castilla 123 89 Gregory X, pope 101, 169, 175 Garci Pérez, translator 134 Guadalajara García Ramírez IV, kg of Navarre 7 clergy of 61 31–2, 110 Guilhem de Montanhagol 114, 172–3 Gaston V, vct of Béarn 15 Guillaume de Nangis, chronicler 85, Gavaudan, troubadour 41 173n ‘General Privilege’ (of Aragón) 200, Guillermo Pérez de la Calzada, 216 versifier 58, 72, 73, 102, 105 276 Index

Guiraut de Calanson, troubadour 46, hunger 51, 100–1, 113–14, 207 48 Hyacinth, cardinal 33n Guiraut Riquier, troubadour 171–2 see also Celestine III, pope Gutetus de Mixigia, notary of Milan 142n Ibn ‘Abden 98n Ibn Abe Zar’ 226n Fajj Ibn Ghaniyah, Almoravid governor of Christian grant of passports for 96 72 Håkon Håkonsson, kg of Norway 113 Ibn Hed 68, 69, 70 Haro, lords of Vizcaya Ibn ‘Idhari, poet 70n, 148n Diego López de (II) 196 Ibn Khalden, historian 62, 68, 69 Diego López de (III) 61, 110, 120 Ibn Mardancsh, Muslim warrior Diego López de (IV) 190 11–12, 34, 64 Lope Díaz de, mayordomo mayor of Ibn Rushd () 52 Sancho IV (‘the Count’) 160n, Ibn Sa‘cd al-Maghribi, poet 70n 171, 178, 182, 214, 219–20 Imre, kg of Hungary 44 Henry I, kg of England 25 Innocent III, pope 42, 44–5 Henry II, kg of England 17, 32 decretal ‘Venerabilem’ 55 Henry III, kg of England 2, 106, 108 decretal ‘Vergentis’ 43 Hercules 163 Innocent IV, pope 73, 74, 84, 97, 104, Herman the German, translator 53, 144n, 111, 172 135–6 Isabel, inf. of Aragón 147 hermandades 115, 192, 199–201, Isabel, inf. of Castile 219, 231–2 212–14 Isabel of Aragón, q. of Dinis of hermandad general 214, 229 Portugal 176 Hernández, F. J., historian 210–11, Isfaq ibn Safula, satirist 89, 184–5, 223 207 ‘Historia hasta 1288 dialogada’ 74, Isfaq ibn Scd (Rabi Çaf, ‘el de 195n, 198n, 224 Toledo’), translator 137, 191n Historia Silense 4 Isidore of Seville (St) 77, 79, 118 Honorius III, pope 58, 75, 88 Honorius Augustodunensis, his Jacobo de las Leyes, jurist 125n Elucidarium 224 Jaén 69, 71 Hospital of St. John, Order of the bps of 37 Pascual 186 Huesca Pedro Pascual 99 bps of kgdom of 182 Domingo 150 Jaime I, kg of Aragón (Jaume I, ct of Jaime Sarroca 102n Barcelona) 13, 16, 45, 76, 80–5, Vidal de Canellas 77 97, 101, 105, 108–11, 131, 146–7, cathedral of 97 152, 160, 170, 175, 213n Huete, siege of (1172) 37 and Alfonso X 129, 161 Humbert de Romans, OP 4n on Catalonia 156–7 H. unayn ibn Isfaq 136n his Llibre dels Fets 63 Index 277

his Llibre dels Fets on Mudéjar Julius Caesar 111n uprising 150–1, 155–6 Jupiter 135, 163 his natural sons 217n and Navarre 67, 175 knighting ceremonial 59, 171, 191 Jaime II, kg of Aragón (Jaume II, ct of by Alfonso X Barcelona) 96, 231–3 of Edward of England 108 Jaime II, kg of 147, 176, of kg of Granada 96 216, 231–2 Aragonese 214 Jaime de Xèrica, natural s. of Jaime I Kristina, princess of Norway 6, 113 217n Jaume see Jaime la Cerda, infantes de 171–6, 182, 218, Jean de Brienne, kg of Jerusalem 45 220 Jeanne de Ponthieu, q. of Fernando Lafuente, V. de, historian 139 III 80n, 110 Lanfranco Pignatorio, podestà of Jerez 69, 109 Pavia 169 ‘ayuntamiento’ of (1268) 165 language 47–9, 78, 134, 138, 141 Jerusalem Lara family 13, 110, 120, 182 loss of (1187) 37 Álvaro Núñez I de 57 loss of Latin kgdom of 92–3 Gonzalo Pérez 79 Jews 78, 87–9 Juan Núñez I 146, 171, 176, 215, as royal advisers 88–9 220 Christian objections to royal Juan Núñez II 228–9 advisers 91–2, 181 Juana ‘la Palomilla’ 229 of Toledo 73 Manrique Pérez 25, 27–8, 29, 31 John XXI, pope 175 Nuño González 159, 166, 170 John of Paris 101 Nuño Pérez 27, 33 Juan I, kg of Castile 211n Las Navas de Tolosa, battle of (1212) Juan, canon of Toledo, translator 75 37, 43, 46, 54 Juan de Aspa 143 Lateran Councils Juan García de Villamayor, admiral of Third 49 Castile 145 Fourth 49, 59, 75, 78, 87–8, 91–2, Juan, inf. of Castile, s. of Alfonso X 115, 179n 94, 182, 187, 201, 212, 220, 222, law, Roman 16, 38–41, 125–6, 157, 228 213 Juan Manuel, warrior and author 97, Lebrija 109 120, 131, 164, 227–8 Lemoine, Cardinal Jean 211 on Alfonsine translations 137 León Juan de Sevilla/Limia, translator 53 Cortes of Juan de Soria, chancellor of Fernando (1188) 39 III, bp of Osma and of Burgos, (1208) 47 71, 77–8 women canons of 153n ‘Anonymous Latin chronicle’ 3, 7, Leonor (Eleanor) Plantagenet, q. 10, 18, 25, 32, 35, 54, 57n, 59, 62, of Alfonso VIII 24, 32, 41, 46, 70n, 72 57 278 Index

Leonor of Castile, q. of Jaime of Magallón 200 Aragón 65n Maguelonne, bp of 85 Leonor (Eleanor) of Castile, sister of Málaga 170 Alfonso X 110 Mallorca 44 Leovigild, kg of the Visigoths 118 conquest of 65–6 leprosy 173, 196 kgdom of 147, 176 Liber Extra 61, 94, 123 Manfred of Hohenstaufen 85n, 108, Liber feudorum maior 38 129, 136, 142 Liber provincialis 6, 101–2 Manuel, inf., br. of Alfonso X 174, Liber Sancti Jacobi 1 184, 189, 202 Libro de Alexandre 48–9 Maragha (Azerbaijan), observatory at Libro de Confesiones 87–8, 101 148 Libro de los doze sabios 60, 137 Maria de Montferrat 45 Lisbon María de Molina, q. of Sancho IV siege of (1147) 14, 76 203, 214, 218–19, 226, 229–30 13, 65 Mariana, Juan de 131, 204 Corts of (1210) 76n Marie de Montpellier, q. of Pedro II Loaisa, Jofré de, chronicler 177, 203, of Aragón 43 213, 227, 229 Marcnids 157–8, 170–1, 174, 181, Lob (‘the Wolf-king’) see Ibn 197, 222 Mardancsh Mark of Toledo, translator 97 Logroño, vistas de 221, 232 marriage Lopez, Roberto, historian 111 encouraged 153 Lorenzo OFM, papal legate 113 royal 18, 42, 47, 65, 80, 84, 109, los Cameros 231, 233 Rodrigo Díaz de 58 G. Duby on 59n, 175 Simón Ruíz de 177, 189 Marseilles 66, 107, 111, 113, 147 Louis VII, kg of France 3, 11, 27 Paulet de, troubadour 167 Louis VIII, kg of France 58 Martell, Pere 65 Louis IX, kg of France 58, 60, 113, Martin IV, pope 198, 203, 216 147 Martín Pérez see Libro de Confesiones Lübeck 113 Martínez Marina, F., historian 39 Lucas, bp of Tuy, chronicler 7, 9, 11, Martino de León, Santo 93 23, 24, 26, 33, 37, 55–6, 59, 93, Martos, battle of (1275) 170 139, 211 Mathilde, ctess of Boulogne, q. of in translation 212 Portugal 109 Lugo 29 Mayor Guillén de Guzmán, mistress Lull, Ramon 2n, 90, 97 of future Alfonso X 105 Lyons medical science 140n Second General Council of 101 Medina (Salamanca) 23 treaty of (1288) 220 memory anecdotal 27, 36–7, 150 Madrid, episcopal meeting at (1258) historical 3, 5–6, 76–7, 80, 93, 162, 115 193 Mafalda, infanta of Portugal 17 see also Gothic myth Index 279

Menéndez Pidal, Ramón 47 Mufammad ibn-Yesuf 68 99, 217 Muhyc al-Din al Magribc al-Andalusc, Mesta 102 mathematician and astronomer , translator 53 149n miracles 154 Muñó 61 Moclín, battle of (1280) 181 Muntaner, Ramon, chronicler 66, 82, Molina, Gonzalo Pérez de 58 85, 161, 218 Monaperti, battle of (1260) 142 96, 197 Mondéjar, Marqués de, historian 154, kgdom of 12, 69, 212, 220, 232 177 Mudéjar, uprising and Mongols 148, 207 emigration from 98, 152–6 Montcada family madrasa at 135 Berenguer Ramon I de 16 repartimientos of 157 Constance, ctess of Béarn 85 Muret, battle of (1213) 43 Garsenda de, ctess of Béarn 219 Guillem II de 20 Nájima, treaty of (1158) 9 Guillem III de 16 Narbonne, vct de 178, 182 Guillem Ramon I de 15n Nasir al-Dcn Tesc, astronomer 149n Guillem Ramon II de (the Great naturaleza, naturales 28, 234 Senescal) 16, 17 Navarre 1, 7, 9, 35, 41, 55, 67, 100, Guillerma de, ctess of Béarn 219 182 Monteagudo under French rule 174–5, 216 treaty of (1254) 110 Mudéjars of 96 treaty of Monteagudo-Soria (1291) Nicholas IV, pope 92 231 Niebla, kgdom of 189 Montferrat, marquess William VII of nobility 182 Aragonese 63–4, 155–6, 199–201, Montfort, Ct Simon de 43 216–18 Montpellier 43, 84–5, 147, 169 Castilian 114, 119, 127–8, 143 studium of 16, 38, 48 in 122–3, 165–7, 223–4 Morella 22, 64 Nuño Rasura 12 Moses ben Maimon (Maimonides) 52, 89 Old Man of the Mountains 221 Moses ben Nafman (Nafmanides) 89 Oldradus da Ponte, jurist 184n, 231–2 Mozarabs 30, 53, 70, 72 on licitness of war against Saracens Mudéjars 97 dress code 88, 95–6, 99, 116n Oloron, treaty of (1287) 231 uprising (1264) 150–7 Orderic Vitalis, chronicler 14 Mufammad, the Prophet 139, 208–9 Orense, cathedral 52 Mufammad al-Nagr, caliph of Orihuela 157 Morocco 44 Orsini, Cardinal Matteo Rosso 211 Mufammad I, kg of Granada 96, 107, Osma 45 108, 109, 150, 154, 157, 159 ch. of 27, 29 Mufammad II, kg of Granada 96, Melendus, bp of, canonist 50, 75, 170, 181 79 280 Index

Osorio Martínez 10 Peire Gilhem de Tolosa, troubadour Ottokar II, kg of Bohemia 112 41n Ovid 32, 99 Peire Vidal, troubadour 41 Oviedo, Bp Fredolo of 199n Pekin 149 Peñiscola 68 Pablo Christiani, OP 90 Penyafort, Ramon de, canonist, Palencia Master General OP 61, 88, 88n bps of and Jews 90 Juan Alfonso de Molina 187 Pere see Pedro Ramón II 28, 29, 31–2, 37, 38 Peronella, heiress of Aragón 11–12, Tello 50 17 ch. of Petrus Comestor 142n its Jews and Saracens 91 Philip Augustus, kg of France 54 Cortes of (1313) 94 Philippe III, kg of France, (as studium at 48–50, 136 dauphin) 147, 174–6, 198, Tiburcius, treasurer of, later bp of 215–16 Coimbra 50 Philippe IV (the Fair), kg of France Pampliega 168 218–20 Pamplona 15, 176 Pietro, bp of Rieti 178 dioc. of 67 Pliny the Younger 77 Paris, Matthew, chronicler 2, 66, 99n, Piccolomini, Aeneas Silvius, chronicler 114, 219 167–8, 178n partibility of kgdom 201, 211–12 Pisa, Pisans 14, 44, 107–8, 111, 145, Pay Gómez Charino, admiral of 186 Castile 226 Planeta 2, 3, 49, 78, 79 Pedro I, kg of Castile 123n Plasencia 21 Pedro II, kg of Aragón (Pere I, ct of Poblet, O.Cist. 19, 175 Barcelona) 19, 43–5, 54, 63, 97 ‘Poema de Fernán González’ 168 Pedro III, kg of Aragón (Pere II, ct of Ponce de Cabrera, Ct 10, 20 Barcelona) 13, 175–8, 182, Pontevedra, treaty of (1165) 29 186–7, 199–201, 215–16, 230 primogeniture, law of 154, 172–4, as infant 82, 85, 146–7, 168 183, 225 Pedro, inf. of Castile, s. of Alfonso X Provence 3, 15, 84 94, 182, 187 of Lucca 182n Pedro Abbat 47–8 Puerto de Santa María 144, 154, 181 Pedro Gallego OFM, bp of Cartagena repartimiento of 153n 98n Puig de Santa María, O.Cist. 19 Pedro de Hijar, natural s. of Jaime I 217n Quesada 69, 75 Pedro Negro, rabble-rouser 39 Pedro Rodríguez, papal referendary Raimundo, abt of Fitero 10, 21 230n Ralph of Coggeshall, chronicler 40 Pedro Salvadores, bp of Porto 23 Ramiro II (the Monk), kg of Aragón Peire d’Alvernha, troubadour 8 18 Index 281

Ramon Berenguer I, ct of Barcelona Salamanca 29, 200, 213 11, 13 fuero of 115 Ramon Berenguer III, ct of Barcelona studium at 48, 50–1, 116, 136 44 Salé 144 Ramon Berenguer III, ct of Provence Salimbene de Adam, OFM 133 84 Salvatierra 45 Ramon Berenguer IV, ct of Barcelona S. Cugat del Vallès, OSB 20 3, 9–16, 19, 28, 44 S. Ginés de la Jara 96 Ramon Berenguer V, ct of Provence S. María de España, Order of 178–9, 17 181 Ramon Martí OP 90 S. María de Villalcázar de Sirga 154 Ramon Vidal de Besalú, troubadour S. Martín de Castañeda, O.Cist. (dioc. 24 Astorga) Raymond VI, ct of Toulouse 43 latinless abt of 138n Raymond VII, ct of Toulouse 43, 84 S. Martín de Fromista 36 S. Zoilo de Carrión, OSB 31, 36 motives for 14, 97, 155–6 Sanç VI of Navarre 11, 28, 29, 31–2, Retana, L. F. de, writer of history 61 41n Rica of Poland, q. of Alfonso VII 18 Sanç VII of Navarre 32, 42, 54, 67, Richard, earl of Cornwall 108, 112, 99 142, 164 Sancha, sister of Alfonso VII 28 Ridolfo of Poggibonsi 112n Sancha of Castile, q. of Alfonso II of Ripoll, OSB 16, 19 Aragón 17, 27, 40 Rodiellas 116 Sancho I, kg of Portugal 18, 54 Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, abp of Sancho II, kg of Portugal 50, 172, Toledo, chronicler 7, 25–7, 37, 190 58–9, 62, 71, 211 Sancho III, kg of Castile, 8, 10–11, and battle of Las Navas de Tolosa 17, 25, 29 45–6, 53–4 pseudo- 19 on blackness of 99 Sancho IV, kg of Castile 100n, 102, burial garb 86 210–15, 218–26, 228–9 and ch. of Toledo 75–80 his Castigos 221, 225–6 his Dialogus libri vite 87 and Constantinople 221 on the Prophet 139 death of 227–8 translations of his History 162 as infante 171–8, 181–5 Roger Bacon, scientist 136n intellectual programme and Roger of Howden, chronicler 40, 42, estimate of 224–8 99 and Jews 92 Ruggiero di Loria, admiral of Aragón his Lucidario 224–5 198, 216 on Muslims 99 relationship with father 185–203 Sahagún 124 and Toledo 215, 221 treaty of (1158) 9, 17, 28, 29 Sancho Jiménez (of Ávila) 34 Sa‘cd Aaron 144n Santes Creus, O.Cist. 19 282 Index

Santiago de Compostela Sigüenza 27 abps of Rodrigo, bp of 75 Bernardo, his library 52 Silos annals 188n, 190 Gonzalo Gómez García 169n Sinibaldus, canonist Rodrigo 230 on Jews 89 pilgrimage to 1, 3, 42, 154 see also Innocent IV Santiago, Order of 10, 144n slavery 91, 96, 99 Pedro Núñez, Master of 181, Soldevila, F. xn, 35, 66, 84, 201 192 Sordello de Goito, poet 59 Sardinia 44 Soria 27, 50 Sefer ha-Zohar 225n agreement of (1256) 111 Segovia 21, 74, 113, 114n Sos 199 bps of Southern, R. W. 44 Giraldo 23 Spain, topography of 4–5 Rodrigo 199n concejo of 199 Talavera 116, 198 dioc. of 76 Talmud 89 Synod of 29–30 Tarascon-Brignoles, treaty of (1291) Segura de León 22 231 señorío mayor 194, 201 Tarazona 199 Sepúlveda, fuero of 22 Tarifa 150, 222, 232 Sesso, Ugolino da, jurist 48 65–6 Seville 111n, 197, 212 abp receives homage of kg 85 abps of abps of Almoravid 96 Berenguer Vilademuls 15n Remondo de Losana 221 Bernat Torts 14–15 see also Felipe, inf. of Castile Olleguer, abp of Tarragona 14 cathedral Pere de Albalat 61n stuffed crocodile at 148 Pere de Albalat’s Summa septem Cortes of sacramentorum 88n (1250) 115 province of 76 (1252) 115 Tejada 109 (1261) 165n Templars 93–4 (1281) 183, 208 of Tortosa 99 Fernán Pérez, dean and sodomite Teobaldo I, kg of Navarre 67, 109 196 Teobaldo II, kg of Navarre 101, 110, reconquest of 69–70, 73–4 174 studium at 136, 139, 149 Teobaldo, heir to Navarre 174–5 sharC’ah 52 tercias 60, 73, 87, 93, 178 shrines 96 Teresa Gil de Vidaura, mistress of Sicard, bp of Cremona 55 Jaime I 217n Sicily 44, 108, 142, 146, 185–6, Teresa of Portugal, wife of Alfonso IX 212–33 45, 58 Sigena 19, 40 Teruel 90 Index 283

Thomas of Marlborough, chronicler Urgell ct of 39 50 Ct Àlvar II 175 Tierra de Campos 9 Urraca, q. of Fernando II of León 29 Toledo 30, 158, 197 Usatici, Usatges 11, 16, 30, 38, 65 abps of Cerebrun 25 Valencia 90 Jean de Castellmorum 8–9, 22, Andreu de Albalat, bp of 61n, 81 29, 31 ch. of 76 Sancho, inf. of Aragón 169 kgdom of 12, 19, 64–5, 67–8, 70, Sancho, inf. of Castile 79, 115, 200, 217 144, 161 fur of 157 see also Gonzalo Perez; Rodrigo Mudéjars in 82, 99, 176 Jiménez de Rada siege of 71 cathedral of 97 Valladolid 127 chapter of 78–9 Cortes of ch. of S. Leocadia 168 (1258) 116–19 clergy of 116 (1293) 92 Cortes of (1295) 229 (1207) 47 ‘Cortes’ of (1282) 184–91, 194 (1259) 107, 129, 133, 142 vassalage 27, 109 (1284) 214 broken 165 Diego Alfonso, alcalde mayor of Verbiginale (Peter of Blois) 50 190 Vienne, General Council of (1311–12) Esteban Illán, alguacil of 31 93–4, 96 fuero of 73 Vic 16, 23 Navarrese in 53–4 bp of 20 and translators 53, 97, 133–41 Vicens Vives, Jaume, historian 70 treaty of (1254) 108, 110 Vincentius Hispanus, canonist 55–6 Visigothic councils of 91 Violante, d. of Alfonso X 174–5 Tortosa 13–14, 70, 90 Violant, q. of Alfonso X 105, 176–8, Toulouse, city of 43, 84 188 translators 97–8 Violant, q. of Jaime I of Aragón 67 into Latin 180, 194 Virgil of Córdoba 227 treachery as inherited trait 196 Tudején, treaty of (1151) 9, 12, 16, 35 Wamba, kg of Spain 168 Tudela, pact of (1253) 110 wedding parties Tunisia, Hafgcd sultan of 108, 176 deemed subversive 116n, 118 Wifred the Hairy, ct of Barcelona 3, Ubieto Arteta, Antonio xn 18 Union, Aragonese 216–17 William of Holland, kg of the Romans Privileges of 217–18 104, 111–12 unsacral monarchy 24–5, 101–2, 173, William of Newburgh, chronicler 40 222 Urban IV, pope 109, 150 Xàtiva 68, 81, 114n 284 Index

Ya’qeb I, Almohad caliph 40 Gutier Pérez, judge 128–9 Ya’qeb bin ‘Abd Allah, Marcnid jurists at 50–1 malcontent 144 Suero Pérez, bp of 128–9, 188, Yehudá den Mooé ha-Kohén, 213 translator 134, 136 Zaragoza 9, 32, 35, 216–18 Yesuf I, Almohad caliph 32, 34 bps of Arnaldo Peralta 129 Zaccaria, Benedetto, admiral of Castile Ramundo 97 221–2 Sancho de Ahones 64, 79 Zamora 20, 21 coronation at 101, 176 chapter of 234 Cortes of (1264) 156 Cortes of (1274) 165 dioc. of 23 ecclesiastical councils of (1311) Zayyan (Ibn Mardanish) 64, 76 93–4 Zurita, Gerónimo, cronista of Aragón Fernán Potas, debtor 207 15, 156, 205, 219