September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29881 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS NATIONAL HISPANIC HERITAGE troducing Hispanic artists and covering top­ "This may well be the case. But what 1s WEEK IN CONNECTICUT ics of national interest. at stake for the nation is not the adequacy We trust that we can count on your sup­ of current profits by business standards-it port both at the Capitol and with your con­ is rather the rate of drllling and production. stituency here in Connecticut. As a re­ "Even if proposed pricing structures pro­ HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER vided for sufficient profit, is the price struc­ OF CONNECTICUT source, we know your office is invaluable to us; and 1! we can be o! any assistance to ture adequate to generate the level of cash IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES you, in terms o! disseminating information, fiow necessary to mount and sustain the drilling effort required to meet the planned Monday, September 19, 1977 please don't hesitate to contact our office. Sincerely, 1985 oil and gas production goals? We con­ Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, September FRANK MARRERO, clude ... that it is not, and that 1985 na­ 11 through 17 was National Hispanic Executive Producer, Project Officer. tional oil and gas production will be as much as five million barrels a day below the NEP Heritage Week, an event that recognized goal." the important role of Hispanic-Ameri­ They said $699 blllion in 1976 prices must cans in our Nation's life. Connecticut, be invested to fulfill production and con­ where the Hispanic community numbers UNITED STATES-MORE OIL AND servation targets o! NEP. approximately 300,000, marked the oc­ GAS casion with a legislative proclamation. Connecticut public television aired a special series of programs during the HON. JAMES M. COLLINS OIL AND PANAMA week, with both the Hispanic and Anglo OF TEXAS communities in mind. A recent letter IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from Frank Marrero of CPTV explains Monday, September 19, 1977 HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN the bilingual series and other Spanish OF MARYLAND programs produced by public television. I Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would like to share this letter with my here is an excellent summary of energy colleagues. prospects for the United States. It was Monday, September 19, 1977 MUNDO REAL, an Associated Press article quoting the Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, during the Hartford, Conn., September 6,1977. report of Walt Rostow, William Fisher, debate on the President's proposed Pan­ Hon. WILLIAM R. COTTER and Herbert Woodson. The emphatic ama Canal Treaty, Mr. Carter and his Rayburn House Office Building, conclusion was that 50 percent more supporters have constantly told the Washington, D.C. money must be spent now on domestic American people that the canal is a "de­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN COTTER: With the ad­ exploration and development. clining asset" in the world of the future. vent of the Carter Administration's focus on our relations with the countries of Latin They believe that the drain on the cap­ Because of the canal's declining value America, there has been a rejuvenation of ital of the oil industry will prevent the to America, the President tells us, we our awareness of the responsibllity we share drilling effort that is required to meet should not hesitate to give the interna­ in meeting the needs of our own 11.7 million the planned 1985 oil and gas production tional waterway to the Panamanian dic­ Hispanic citizens. Publlc dialogue is an un­ requirements. tator, Torrijos. questionable necessity to emphasize not only As the Senate continues to debate the In its issue of August 5, 1977, one of the richness and value of our cultural dif­ the largest daily newspapers in my dis­ ferences, but also to stress the overwhelm­ energy bill, they must include the essen­ ing similarities which tie us together. Ob­ tial p1owback provision. Then they can trict, the Banner, pointed an important viously, this responsib111ty is not uni­ continue to improve the bill by elim­ reason why the President is simply wrong directional, and the Hispanic community inating the punitive crude oil equaliza­ about the future value of the Panama. also shares in the responsibility to enllghten tion tax. Canal to our country. After noting that the non-Hispanic to its Latin past and pres­ Mr. Carter had decided against allowing ent. Any move toward meeting these goals The article follows: PROFESSORS URGE ALL-OUT ENERGY EFFORT the oil companies to sell Alaskan oil to must be a joint effort. Japan, the editorialist for the Banner We are fortunate here in Connecticut to AusTI.N.-Unless an all-out effort to pro­ have been awarded four consecutive grants duce energy is launched in 1977, the United noted that the only wav to move Al$lskan from the Department of Health, Education States "wlll !ace mortal risk to our economic oil to the east coast is through the canal. and Welfare, under the Emergency School prosperity," three University of Texas pro­ Obviously, such a situation can only mag­ Aid Act, to produce television programming fessors predicted last week. nify the strategic and economic impor­ designed to lessen minority group isolation "Every objective assessment," of President tance of the canal to our Nation, which (in our situation relating to Spanish-speak­ Carter's National Energy Polley NEP and so desperately needs that Alaskan oil. We ers). This June, "Mundo Real" was one of the House proposal patterned on the policy cq_nnot move the Alaskan production only two Regional Bilingual Projects to be indicate they "will fail to meet the 1985 en­ through continental U.S. pipelines and funded !or the 1977-78 fiscal year. The im­ ergy consumption, production and balance pact of the series can be shown not only in o! payments targets required 1n the national that -means we must have an assured the viewership throughout the Northeast­ interest," the professors said. canal route. ern Region of the country-both Hispanic They said the United States could be im­ I commend the Banner's important and Anglo, child and adult--but also in the porting as much as 15 mlllion barrels of oil a day by 1985, and added: thoughts on this issue to my colleagues: response from both public and commercial OIL AND PANAMA "Three independent estimates make it stations throughout the country, who have Bowing to political realities. President been or will be in the Fall airing the series. clear that a U.S. requirement o! this magni­ tude will create a major international eco­ Jimmy Carter has backed away !rom a pro­ The quality o! the series is "Vell-docu­ posal to sell Alaskan oil to Japan. The oil mented in the list o! national and interna­ nomic crisis." The report--by Walt Rostow, William industry has argued that refineries on the tional awards it has garnered and is an in­ West Coast cannot handle all the oil expected dication or the level o! talent available in Fisher and Herbert Woodson-also concludes that this country has enough oil and gas to to flow through the Alaska pipeline, and that our Hispanic citizenry. East and Gulf Coast refineries can be sup­ With an estimated 300,000 Hispanics in return production to the 1976 level-the NEP target, but up to 50 per cent more must plied at less cost with oil purchased in the the state o! Connecticut, the recent legis­ Middle East. lative nroclamatlon designating the week of be spent on exploration and development Sentember 11th through the 17th as a Na­ than set forth in the House proposal. We believe the president has made the cor­ tional Hispanic Heritag-e Week is of special "One must conclude," the professors' re­ rect decision. Americans simply would not import and should be celebrated. port said that there exists a reasonable ade­ accept sale o! Alaskan oil to Japan when, Connecticut Public Television, under the quate reserve and resource base o! oil and in Mr. Carter's own words, the country is en­ aegis o! the "Mundo Real" staff, will be pre­ gas which is suftlcient to support current gaged in a struggle !or energy independence senting a special selection of programs ad­ rates o! production !or more than 50 years. that is "the moral equivalent o! war." dressing the Hispanic and Anglo communi­ "It has been argued," the report added, The surplus Alaskan oil must be moved ties (bilingual) during the Hisnanic week. "that the price structure proposed in the east, however. Environmental restrictions in This week will renresent the beginning o! NEP and in HR--8444 is adeauate !or oil and California make it most unllkely that it wlll an ongoing monthly program schedule in- gas operators to reallze a sufncient profit. move by pipeline. Shipment by large tankers 29882 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 around Cape Horn is not economically feasi­ be demonstrated. It would have encouraged embodied in agreements that are ratified by ble. And that brings us to the Panama Canal higher rates for users during peak hours and member nations. The ILO's Committee of Ex­ and a water route that is both practical and peak seasons. And it would have expanded perts, a group of 18 legal specialists, has so cheap. consumer-complaint opportunities and lim­ far managed to do a capable job of monitor­ And there's the rub. A new Panama Canal ited the domination by bankers and business­ ing the extent to which member nations treaty is in the final stages of negotiation men of the boards of directors of utilities. comply with the agreements. There is evi­ with the leftward-leaning government of Utilities have fougp.t the proposal with dence that the objective reports of the com­ Gen. Omar Torrijos, friend and admirer of great vigor. Their complaints have cent- ered mittee do exert a moral force on nations that Cuba's Fidel Castro. The terms of the treaty on the inability of a national regulatory pol­ violate human rights. are expected to call for an immediate weak­ icy to reflect local conditions that are \7ell The ILO's human rights machinery is by ening and eventual surrender of U.S. control understood by state regul:l.tory commissions. far the most effective in the U.N. system­ and defense of the canal. There will be a It is at least refreshing to hear words of sup­ in spite of the political capering of the Com­ hard fight in the Senate to secure that body's port for state commissions-not oft en voiced munist bloc. The ILO conventions have be­ consent to ratification of the new treaty. .in recent years. come. in effect, part of the Helsinki Agree­ How will the Carter Administration square But the important principle inV')lved in ment, and the Committee of Experts' reports its conception of the Panama Canal as a "de­ the bill is one of treating electric-rate reform may provide important support for the U.S. on a national rather than a state-by-state when compliance with the Helsinki principles clining asset" in the face of new require­ basis. Last year an attempt was made in ments to use the canal for transport of Alas­ is reviewed at the Belgrade Conference in Massachusetts to introduce flat rates. The October. kan oil? Further, how can senators be as­ Globe opposed that proposal on the grounds sured that a canal increasingly under the The U .S . has ample reason to wash its that it would tend to place Massachusetts in­ hands of the ILO after the majority's re­ control of an unstable Panamanian regime dustry at a disadvantage with 1ndustries in is as secure from the threat of sabotage by peated attacks upon it and the calculated neighboring states. The Administration pro­ insults to IsraeL But walking out now will political terrorists as one manned and de­ posal gets around that problem by guaran­ fended by the United States? Make no mis­ do little to change attitudes or practices, teeing that no state would gain undue advan­ and it might well hasten the movement of take about it-no treaty that the two gov­ tage over any other by structuring below-cost ernments negotiate is going to please ex­ t he Third World countrie3 toward the totali­ rates for business to lure it from other a1cas. tarian left. tremists in either country. There are aspects of the bill that could be Much has been made of the canal's vul­ argued. The provisions for limiting director­ nerability to "one stick of dynamite" in the ships seem overblown, for example. But 0p­ AMENDMENT TO H.R. 8309 hands of a Panamanian nationalist. We are position from the utllity l:ndustr~' is also not sure we buy that. We believe the canal overblown-a reflection of its conservatism is defensible. We are certain the threat to the and resistance to change. Congress ha:; an canal is not going to disappear with the sign­ opportunity to work real rate reform into HON. BERKLEY BEDELL ing of a treaty surrendering to Gen. Torrijos. the energy bill and it should reverse the OF IOWA Senate Energy Committee's stand as soon as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES possible. Monday, September 19, 1977 SHORTCIRCUITING REFORM Mr. BEDELL. Mr. Speaker, it is ex­ BETTER IN THAN OUT pected that the House will soon consider H.R. 8309, the Navigation Development HON. ANTHONY TOBY MOFFETT HON. CHARLES W. WHALEN, JR. Act, which would authorize the replace­ OF CONNECTICUT ment of lock and dam 26 at Alton, Ill .. OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and which would establish a 6-cent-a­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gallon tax on fuel used by commercial Monday, September 19, 1977 Monday, September 19, 1977 barges and tows on the Nation's inland Mr. MOFFETT. Mr. Speaker, the ac­ waterway system. tions of the Senate regarding the electric Mr. WHALEN. Mr. Speaker, I would I believe that title II of this bill, which utility section of the National Energy Act like to draw the attention of my col­ is the fuel tax provision. does not go far have been a rna ior disappointment to leagues to an editorial which appeared in enough in making commercial users pay those of us committed to the idea of seri­ the September 19, 1977, issue of Business a fair share of the cost of building, oper­ ous rate reform. Indeed, its failure to Week magazine. In early August I signed ating, and maintaining our inland water­ adopt the provisions contained in the a letter to the President urging him to ways. It is estimated that the committee House-passed bill-provisions which consider carefully the consequences of a provision would recover only about 8 per­ would finally send the right economic withdrawal from the ILO and to exam­ cent of these costs. I think that a much signals to consumers who conserve­ ine the alternative methods of putting larger percentage recoupment is desir­ must be seen as a major setbr-.ck in efforts effective pressure on members of that able. fair, and feasible, and that the full to create a comprehensive and eauitable organization. The Business Week edi­ House should be afforded an opportunity energy program. I can only hope that the torial. while conceding that the "United to consider stronger provisions. bill ultimately passed by Congress will States has ample reason to wash its It is important to understand that the include the necessary provisions so that hands of the ILO," shares my conclu­ users of federally built and maintained real opportunities for l:"ate reform will sion that "walking out now will do litt!e inland waterways currently pay nothing exist. to change IN COMMER­ of fuel would be 8 cents, not 12 cents. section 4042 of the Internal Revenue Code CIAL TRANEPORTATION ON INLAND In fiscal year 1983, the tax on a gallon of 1954) imposed on any vessel using the in­ WATERWAYS . of fuel would be 10 cents, not 15 cents. land or intracoastal waterways of the United " (a) IN GENERAL.-There is hereby imposed States enacted on or after the dat e of en­ a tax upon any liquid used during any cal­ The full text of the amendment with actment of this Act; and endar quarter by any person as a fuel ln a these changes in it follows: (6) may use, but is not limited to, one or vessel in commercial water transportation. AMENDMENT TO H.R. 8309, As REPORTED more of the following mechanisms to collect " (b) AMOUNT OF TAX .-The tax imposed by OFFERED BY MR. BEDELL the user charges established pursuant to this section: sub ~ ection (a ) shall be- Page 13, strike out line 1 and all that .. ( 1 ) in the case of a use after Septem­ (A ) License fees. ber 30, 1979, and before O ctober 1, 1980, 2 follows down through line 19 on page 15 and (B) Congestion charges. insert: cents a gallon, (C) Charges based on ton-miles over a " ( 2) in the case of a use after Septem­ TITLE II-IMPOSITION OF USER CHARGES FOB given segment of an inland or intracoastal USE OF CERTAIN INLAND WATERWAYS ber 30, 1980, and before October 1, 1981, 4 waterway. cents a gallon, SEC. 201. IMPOSITION OF USER CHARGES. (D) Lockage fees. " ( 3) in the case of a use after Septem­ (a) (1) Not later than the last day of the (E) Charges based on the capacity of cargo ber 30, 1981, and before October 1, 1982, 6 tenth month which begins after the date of vessels, loaded or unloaded, over various seg­ cents a gallon, enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall, ments of the inland or intracoastal wat er­ "(4 ) in t he case of a use after Septem­ after consultation with the Secretary of ways of t he United States. ber 30, 1982, and before October 1, 1983, 8 Transportation, and after conducting public (c) Any owner or operator of a shallow­ cents a gallon, and hearings and permitting not less than forty­ draft cargo vessel who fails to pay any uc;er " ( 5) in the case of a use after Septem­ charge in accordance with the regulations five days for public comment, promulgate, in ber 30, 1983, 10 cents a gallon. accordance with the provisions of subsection promulgated pursuant to subsection (a ) (2 } (b) of this section, preliminary regulations of this section shall be subject to a civil pen­ "(c) Exemptions- establishing a schedule of user charges tore­ alty of not more than $5,000 per day for each .. ( 1) DEEP-DRAFT OCEAN-GOING VESSELS.-The cover 25 per centum of the Federal costs of day during the period for which such Viola- tax imposed by subsection (a) shall not ap- 29884 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 ply with respect to any vessel designed pri­ from a leaf machine and fractured four The court concluded that it "now ap­ marily for use on the high seas which has vertebrae. Despite the necessarily long pears that the days of eradicating labor a draft of more than 12 feet . "(2) PASSENGER VESSELS.-The tax imposed convalescence period, Jake has continued strife through peaceful arbitration are by subsection (a) shall not apply with re­ his fine work. He is presently meeting close to extinction." Id. spect to any vessel used primarily for the with the board of selectmen and has been In Boys Market, Inc. v. Retail Clerks transportation of persons. assisting in the acquisition of two new Union, 398 U.S. 235 (1970>, the Supreme "(3 ) USE BY STATE OR LOCAL GOVERN MENT IN wings for the honor roll to honor those Court held that section 4 of the Norris­ TRANSPORTING PROPERTY IN A STATE OR LOCAL who served in Korea and Vietnam. I LaGuardia Act does not prohibit a Fed­ BUSINEss.--subparagraph (B) or subsection thank him for all that he has done eral court from enjoining a labor strike (d) (1) shall not apply with respect to use by through adversity and wish him con­ if the underlying dispute which gave rise a State or political subdivision thereof. tinued success. to the strike is subject to a mandatory "(d) DEFINITIONs.-For purposes of this section- grievance and arbitration procedure "(!) COMMERCIAL WATER TRANSPORTATION .­ agreed upon by the employer and the The term 'commercial water transportation' striking union. However, in Buffalo Forge means any use of a vessel an any inland or BILL TO DEAL WITH LABOR UNREST Co. v. United Steelworkers, 428 U.S. 397 intracoastal waterway of the United IN THE COAL FIELDS (1976), the Court narrowed Boys Market States- by saying that even though the parties .. (A) in the business of transporting prop­ HON. JOHN N. ERLENBORN involved in a labor dispute are bound by erty for compensation or hire, or a collective bargaining contract contain­ " (B) in t ransporting property in the busi­ OF ILLINOIS ing a no-strike/no-lockout provision, the ness of the owner, lessee, or operator of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vessel (other than fish or other aquatic ani­ union is still free to engage in a sym­ mal life caught on the voyage) . Monday, September 19, 1977 pathy strike. "(2 ) INLAND OR INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, I Section (a) seeks to reaffirm the more OF THE UNITED STATES .-The term 'inland or would like to bring to the attention of reasonable approach of encouraging, not intracoastal waterway of the United States' hindering, the peaceful settlement of means any inland or int racoast al waterway our colleagues a measure being intro­ contract disputes by resolving differences of t he United States which is subject to the duced today by Mr. ANDREWS of North privately through methods other than Navigation Development Act by reason of Carolina and myself, a bill to deal with work stoppages. This is done by making section 103 of such Act (as in effect on the labor unrest in the coal fields. clear that Federal courts have power to date of the enactment of such Act). THE PROBLEM "(3) PERSON.-The term 'person' includes enjoin breach of contract strikes by the United States, a State, a political sub­ Coal is an essential element in the amending section 10 of the Labor Man­ division of a State, or any agency or instru­ lifeblood of our economic system. Its use agement Relations Act to provide for mentality of any of the foregoing. will be increased dramatically in the specific enforcement of a no-strike/ no­ " (e) DATE FOR FILING RETURN.-The date coming years under a national energy lockout clause irrespective of the wording for filing the return of the tax imposed by policy now being formulated that will re­ of an arbitration clause that might also this section for any calendar quarter shall be quire new and existing electric power be included in the contract. the last day of the first month following such quarter." plants and major fuel-burning installa­ Although coal production per man­ (b) Section 4293 of such Code (relating to tions to use coal as their primary energy day has declined dramatically in the exemption for United States and possessions) source. However, for many years labor past 10 years, President Carter wants to is amended by striking out "chapters 31 and unrest among the United Mine Worlcers increase coal production to more than 32" and inserting in lieu thereof "section has hampered the production of coal, a 1.1 billion tons a year by 1985, a level 4041, chapter 32,". trend that is likely to worsen unless steps which will be difficult to attain under the (c) The table of sections for chapter 31 are taken by which the miners will be most ideal of circumstances. One of the of such Code is amended by adding at the allowed to return to work. factors that will cause a shortfall is end thereof the following new item: The labor unrest is influenced by two continued labor unrest in the coalfields. "SEc. 4042. Tax on fuel used in commercial factors-a strong adherence to union Despite the fact that the United Mine transportation on inland wa­ tradition, such as honoring another Workers . coal production resulting from strikes The problem addressed by Section (a ) means less money will be paid into the HON. EDWARD J. MARKEY funds' assets. The loss from January OF MASSACHUSETTS of our bill is best illustrated by U.S. Steel Corp. v. UMW, 93 LRRM 2945 (1976) , in through August of 1977 was $45 million. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which roving stranger pickets threatened In June 1977 the decline in coal pro­ Monday, September 19, 1977 workers with threats of physical bodily duction due to work stoppages had be­ come so severe that the funds no longer Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, I would harm or personal property damage. De­ spite efforts of the union leadership, the had sufficient income to provide cost­ like to take this opport.unitv to commend free medical coverage and, thus. benefits John "Jake" Horn of Winchester, Mass .. miners refused to cross the picket lines. The court declined to order the miners were reduced accordingly. The funds' for his years of service on behalf of vet­ reserves could no longer absorb the losses erans. Himself a veteran of World War back to work because there was no legal authority for it do so. The court de­ resulting from decreased revenue. II, Jake served in the U.S. Navy and was In July the wildcat strikEs were par­ posted in the Pacific theater. scribed the situation as "alarming" and said that "under the current conditions ticularly severe. Two hundred seventy­ Among other things, Jake has been a nine thousand man-days were not town meeting member for over 25 years legislative action may be necessary." Id. at 2948. Even though the miners them­ worked resulting in nearly 2 V2 million and has been a member of the personnel tons of coal not mined, over $17 million board of the American Red Cross. He was selves wanted to return to work, the court lamented: in wages not paid and about $5.3 million also a past commander and quarter­ lost to the UMW A Health and Retire­ master of the Veterans of Foreign Wars We cannot grant the injunction to help the unions combat the dissident few who ment Funds in just that 1 month. Post 3719. apparently are on the threshold of making The existing remedies available to per­ John "Jake" Horn suffered a tragedy a mockery of our time-tested system of sons harmed by violent activity engaged in November 1974. At that time he fell laws. Id. in during labor disputes are inadequate. September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29885 Although violent conduct may result in home plate; the catcher appears poised to tively more relief to low income than to an unfair labor practice under section throw before he has the ball; the infield high income groups. However, it is in­ seems off balance as each member keeps an consistent with existing provisions of the 8(a) (1) or 8Cb) Cl) of the NLRA the eye on the man who may run at any moment. only remedy available from the National From the beginning of the season, this was tax code. Since mortgage interest pay­ Labor Relations Board is a cease-and­ to be the year the record was broken by the ments are deductible and imputed rent desist order. The Board will not author­ man who had made base stealing a science. is ignored, rent payments should be made ize even backpay for employees unable He began his string of 12 consecutive seasons deductible. to work because of violent conduct by with more than 50 stolen bases in 1965. And I urge support for my bill and for the during that season Post-Dispatch artist equal tax treatment of renters and home­ others during a labor dispute. Amadee prophesied, "The Cardinals have had In essence, it is only the on-going con­ their share of swifties over the years but Lou owners which it will provide. The follow­ tinuing acts of violence or coercion for Brock is poised to top them all." Top them all ing table illustrates the inequity of the which the act affords any relief, as a he has. Then when he got off to a slow start current definition of taxable income and cease-and-desist order offers no con­ in 1973, Lou said some bench jockeys were the effect of the proposed amendment. solation to a victim injured by a one­ saying "Old Man, you can't do it anymore." (Assumption: each person has $40,000 to time violent occurrence. Further, even But the old man showed them. He stole 70 invest and wishes to live in a comparable bases that year and during the next set the home.) in those situations in which there are single season record of 118 thefts. Now at 38 continuous acts of violence, the Board, he has the record and has time yet to run up the General Counsel, and the courts, the tally. How about a thousand, Lou? Mort­ have demonstrated great reluctance to Equity gage­ take aggressive action to halt such con­ Renter owner owner duct. RENTERS' TAX EQUITY Section phisticated in health matters. For with humans in a few months. bers have risked their lives for fre-edom and California to have legalized laetrile A bill currently before Congress would have made significant contributions beyond make such trials of drug efficacy very much their service in times of war. would have had a domino effect on leg­ beside the point. Drugs must now be proved Each year they display their devotion to islation in a dozen other States. safe and effective before they're marketed. the Polish Army Veterans through their ob­ I felt that if California and other But the "Medical Freedom of Choice" bill, servance ot the anniversary of the Katyn States legalized laetrile that our food, which has more than 100 Representatives and Forest Massacre in Russia. drug and cosmetic law would be com- Senators as cosponsors, would remove the 29890 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 necessity for proving a drug effective, re­ Apriken and Bee-Seventeen, two "health­ Mexican scientists said they found no clin­ quiring only that it be proved safe. An aide food" products containing amygdalin, the ical evidence that the compound works to Representative Steven Symms of Idaho, technical name for Laetrile. In 1975, a Fed­ against cancer. One firm that appealed the who introduced the bill in the House, said eral court in California placed the manu­ decision lost, and another firm's appeal was the Laetrile was not a factor in drafting the facturer of those products under permanent still pending as we went to press. legislation. But the bill is strongly supported injunction. The judge found that "vitamin THE TROUBLE WITH TESTIMONIALS by pro-Laetrile groups. Its passage would im­ B-17" was not a recogqized vitamin in hu­ Scientifically, Laetrile just doesn't score; measurably help their cause-and immeasur­ man nutrition, and that both products were but emotionally, it's flying high. Mer. and ably damage consumer-protection safeguards. adulterated foods. The 'next year, a Federal women tell of miraculous cures w1 th the Because removing the major obstacle to court in New Jersey enjoined the dist.ributors drug, often crediting it with saving their Laetrile marketing, such a law would legiti­ of Bitter Food Tablets from shipping that lives. mize countless other ineffective remedies as amygdalin-containing product across state Although such testimonials are rich in well. lines. The court found that the promotion or dramatic impact, they lack scientific valid­ Laetrile, a trade name coined by its de­ sale of amygdalin as a food or drug con­ ity. Medical records submitted by Laetrile velopers, is the spiritual descendant of a long constitutes a fraud on the public. proponents have never substantiated the line of unproven cancer remedies, including While the vitamin ploy did not v in over claims made. Many cancer patients who be­ such old-time favorites as turpentine and Laetrile's opponents, it did place Laetrile lieve they've been cured by Laetrile find out green frogs and ~uch 20th-century hoaxes as in step with the "health-food" ann mega­ later that they still have the disease. Others Krebiozen and Harry Hoxsey's herbal rem­ vitamin forces-forces that have alr.:ady in­ edy. In 1976, the American Cancer Society didn't have cancer to begin with. Some can­ fluenced Government policy. In 1976, an cer patients have temporary remissions­ published a list of 71 would- be treatments active lobbying effort by those groups suc­ promoted to help cancer sufferers but deemed ceeded in severely curtailing the FDA's reg­ periods when symptoms may actually i.m­ valueless by the ACS. Those products, or ulatory power over vitamin products. prove; if Laetrile use coincides with such a products like them, could flood the market Laetrile advocates no longer push "B-17" remission, the patient may think Laetrile did and compete with effective anticancer thera­ as an isolated therapy !or treating cancer. In­ the job. In other instances, patients have pies if the "Medical Freedom of Choice" bill stead, it's part of a "holistic" approach that taken Laetrile along with accepted medical wero passed. may include large doses of vitamin c, en­ treatment and attribute their recovery par­ tially or entirely to Laetrile. LAETRILE, THE DRUG zymes, rest, exercise, and even transcenden­ tal meditation. The history of Laetrile is a The current hero of the Laetrile move­ When Laetrile was first discovered, its fu­ history of change: changing theories, chang­ ment seems to fall into the last category. ture impact coul:l hardly have been foreseen. ing therapies, and finally, changing cl-aims. Glen Rutherford of Conway Springs, Kansas, Derived mainly from crushed apricot pits, Instead of being touted as a cancer "cure"­ won the first court decision allowing a can­ which contain traces of cyanide, Laetrile was a word no longer on the lips of most Lae­ cer patient to import Laetrile for personal considered too toxic for human use by its trile promoters-Laetrile is now being use. (Several similar decisions across the discoverer, Dr. Ernst Krebs, Sr., a California hawked on other grounds. It purportedly country have followed.) Rutherford was physician. But a!ter his son, Ernst Krebs, "prevents" cancer, "relieves pain," "slows" or diagnosed as having a form of rectal cancer Jr., claimed to have "purified" it, both father "controls" the cancer, promotes "euphoria." in 1971. He refused surgery, choosing instead and son advocated Laetrile as an effective But what is the real story? a trip to Mexico for Laetrile therapy. Just 15 treatment for cancer. Laetrile was off, 1f not days into his treatment there, his rectal yet running. THE SCIENTIFIC STORY polyp was cauterized-burned off-by Mexl­ The next step was to explain how Laetrile Despite frequent calls by Laetrile propo­ c::ln surgeons. Rutherford continued to use worked. With a little imagination, the young­ nents for new tests, Laetrile is already one of Laetrile smuggled into the United States for er Krebs came up with a "magic bullet" the most tested cancer treatments ever. In several years after his return home. When theory. Cancer cells, he said, contain an 1953, the Cancer Commission of the Califor­ his supply dried up during an FDA crack­ abundant amount of an enzyme that re­ nia Medical Association investigated Laetrile down, Rutherford brought the suit that won leases cyanide :!rom Laetrile. The cyanide, and found it ineffective. As part of that him celebrity. in turn, kills off the tumor cells. Normal study, the commission found that all but one Rutherford attributes his current good cells are low in that enzyme, the Krebs of 44 patients treated with Laetrile were health to Laetrile. But five-year survival theory went, but rich in another enzyme dead or still had an active form of cancer. rates for patients who have had the same that detoxifies the cyanide. So normal cells A decade later, when the Cancer Advisory type of polyp removed run as high as 90 per­ live while cancer cells die. Council to the California State Department cent. That's an interesting theory, and potential­ of Public Health reported that Laetrile had In a search for objective evidence that ly li:!e-saving, 1:! right. But it's wrong. The no value in treating or curing cancer, Cali­ Laetrile works, the FDA asked Dr. Ernesto supposedly abundant "releasing" enzyme 1s fornia banned the use of Laetrile. In 1965, in­ Contreras, t he head of a major Tijuana Lae­ scarcer in cancerous tissues than in normal vestigators reporting in the Canadian Med­ trile clinic, to provide his most dramatic tissues and the "protective" enzyme is found ical Association Journal found that two for­ examples of success with the compound. He in equal amounts in both tissues. Moreover, mulations of Laetrile--one manufactured in submitted 12 case histories. Of the nine cyanide does not have bullet-like precision. the United States and one in Canada-were whose records were available for review, six Because it diffuses rapidly, any destructive both ineffective in cancer therapy. had died of cancer, one still had cancer, one effects would spread to both cancerous and All anticancer drugs effective in humans had used conventional cancer therapy, and noncancerous cells. were first shown to be effective in animal ex­ one had died of another disease after the Once that initial theory was discredited, periments. Between 1957 and 1975, the Na­ cancer had been removed surgically. Laetrile proponents shifted ground, suggest­ tional Cancer Institute tested Laetrile in an­ ing a more complex sequence of biochemical imals on five different occasions. No evidence A QUESTION OF SAFETY events. Again, the scientific community emerged that Laetrile was effective against The issue of effectiveness is only one part found that the proposed mechanism had no cancer. Four independent cancer-research of the Laetrile controversy. A change in em­ validity. But the most dramatic and ef­ centers performed additional studies in 1975, phasis by Laetrile supporters began in 1972 fective change in promotional strategy was with the same results. when Dr. John Richardson, a California phy­ yet to come. The most comprehensive series of tests was sician with a large Laetrile practice, was ar­ recently completed by Sloan-Kettering in rested on charges of violating that state's LAETRILE, THE VITAMIN New York City. From 1972 to 1976, approxi­ cancer quackery laws. His first trial resulted After nearly two decades of unsuccessful mately 37 experiements were conducted using in a conviction; that ruling was overturned attempts to get Laetrile approved as a drug, Laetrile on mouse and rat tumors. One re­ on appeal, and two subsequent retrials ended its promoters embarked on another course. searcher found evidence suggesting that Lae­ in hung juries. But the defendant's legal Laetrile, the drug, was suddenly transformed trile might inhibit the spread of tumors. But situation had reverberations beyond the in 1970 into Laetrile, the vitamin. those results were not based on sufficiently courtroom. Dr. Richardson belonged to the Cancer, so the newest theory went, was sensitive techniques, and the findings could John Birch Society, and many of his fellow a vitamin-deficiency disease. Laetrile, it went not be replicated by other investigators. In all members had united in his support. One of on, was "vitamin B- 17,'' the missing vitamin the other animal trials at the New York can­ them, Robert Bradford, turned the ad hoc. needed to prevent and treat cancer. As a cer center, Laetrile neither prolonged life, nor defense group into an organization working vitamin and not a drug, Laetrile would be reduced tumor size, nor checked the spread toward legalizing Laetrile: the Committee for exempt from the stringent drug laws en­ of cancer. Freedom of Choice in Cancer Therapy. That forced by the U .S . Food and Drug Admin­ "Laetrile is not ·active against cancer,'' says group, now claiming 450 chapters and 23,000 istration (FDA) . Dr. C. Chester Stock, head of the laboratory members, is spearheading the legalization Just one catch : Laetrile is not a vitamin. conducting the experiments. "If something is fight. No disease, including cancer, has been as­ active we would see it consistently active, The major thrust of the group's argument sociated with its lack in any animal; it is which we have not seen with our Laetrile ex­ is that the Government should not inter­ not an essential nutritional substance; it periments." fere with an individual's choice of therapy, does not serve a unique bodily !unction, or, Laetrile's claims have recently been chal­ particularly if that therapy is without toxic indeed, any bodily :!unction at all. lenged in Mexico, the major source of supply side-effect s and therefore "safe." Laetrile's The name change did not entice the FDA for clandestine traffic of Laetrile in the purported lack of toxicity is not a point to look the other way. As CU reported in United States. The Mexican Department of strenuously contested by the Government. July 1974, the FDA took legal action against Health banned the drug last October, after The drug seems to be nontoxic in usual doses, September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29891 but large doses can cause cyanide poisoning. a special category and should have the right has the authority to nulllfy much of the in­ Accident;al ingestion of Laetrile recently to choose whatever therapy they prefer. But tent of the state legislation if there is an caused the death of a 10-month-old child. those patients also have the right to re­ interstate element in the Laetrile traffic. But Whether toxic or not, Laetrile is unsafe, sponsible, honest medical care of high qual­ that authority may be short-lived if t.he many medical scientists contend, because it ity for as long as they live. The dying patient "Medic12l Freedom of Choice" bill becomes is ineffective. A recent FDA Drug Bulletin rarely, 1! ever, requires deceptive drug treat­ law, opening the way for national Laetrile commented: "No worthless drug is without ment. Rays of hope can be offered through legalization. harm; a patient's choice of Laetrile, to the words and attentiveness. THE REAL ISSUE: CONSUMER PROTECTION extent that such choice delays or interferes THERE'S MONEY IN LAETRILE The emotional push to legalize Laetrile has with swift diagnosis and prompt effective In addition to being deceived, the patients moved some thoughtful people to believe that treatment, is potentially fatal." or their families have to pay dearly for the 11 ttle or no harm may come !rom accepting Early diagnosis is important in most can­ deception. Laetrile therapy is not cheap. The the pleas of terminally ill patients or their cers, and swift treatment with such therapies cost of a month's treatment at a Mexican families for a worthless drug. But the issue is as radiation, surgery, and drug otfers the best clinic has been estimated at between $1500 not so simple. Over the past seven decades, hope for improvement and even cure. Since and $2500. Laetrile smuggled into the United Congress has passed increasingly tough drug cancer is often a progressive illness, any loss States is priced as high as $50 for a half­ laws to protect consumers from the purveyors of time can imperil those efforts. ounce vial for injection, compared with a of quack remedies. Such laws are now being Unfortunately, each of those proven meth­ $9 price tag in Tijuana. Tablets sell !or jeopardized by the pro-Laetrile forces and by ods of cancer treatment may involve some nearly $2 in the U.S., but cost only about the state legislatures that bow to their de­ discomfort or pain. A film by Laetrile sup­ three cents to manufacture. mands. In our opinion, approval of Laetrile porters takes dramatic license with that !act: as an anticancer drug would devastate the "Surgery slashes," "Radiation burns," and A lot of the money made from Laetrile carefully structured consumer-protection "Chemotherapy poisons," the film charges. seems to be concentrated in just a few drug laws enacted in modern times and would In comparison, Laetrile is promoted as a hands-a fact brought to light last year when open the door to the legitimization of quack­ pleasant, risk-free way of "treating" can­ eight Americans, one Canadian, seven Mexi­ ery. According to the evidence on hand, Lae­ cer, two very appealing selling points. cans, and three Mexican firms were indicted trile has no place in the medical marketplace. But if Laetrile is taken instead of proven on 171 counts of smuggling Laetrile into the Even more important, the "Medical Free­ remedies, it presents the ultimate risk. In a U.S. The indictment not:!d that Dr. John dom of Choice" bill has no place among the number of cases documented by the Ameri­ Richardson, the California physician whose laws of the land. It would turn the clock back can Cancer Society, patients with treatable earlier prosecution aroused the John Birch to a time when purveyors of worthless nos­ cancer had abandoned conventional therapy Society, banked more than $2.5-million for trums could prey freely on an unprotected tor Laetrile. By the time they realized Laetrile Laetrile treatments given over a 27-month public, exploiting the fears of the sick and wasn't working, their chances for recovery period; Dr. Contreras, the Mexican physician the desperation of the dying. The fight were poor or lost. with a Laetrile practice in Tijuana, deposited against charlatans in medicine has been long almost $2-milllon in bank accounts in San and hard, and it is far from over. If the po­ FALSE HOPE FOR THE DYING Ysidro, Call!., during that same time span. litical victories of Laetrne turn the battle A great deal of publicity about Laetrile has In addition, the indictment claimed. Robert around, it is indeed a much more dangerous centered on "terminal" cases-advanced can­ Bradford, who organized the nationwide drug than anyone has imagined. cer patients who turn to Laetrile as their last Freedom Choice group, had received $1.2- chance !or life, or at least as a way to ease milllon for 700 shipments of Laetrile. (Four the pain. For them, the issue seeins to be Americans were convicted last April in the hope, not safety, and the call for Laetrile smuggling case, including Bradford and LEVITTOWN'S 30TH legalization the most compe111ng. But the Richardson.) issue of safety still must be faced. According ANNIVERSARY to Cancer News, a publication !or the Ameri­ THE FORCES BEHIND IT can Cancer Society, permitting Laetrile's use While some people are undoubtedly in in patients with advanced cancer might give Laetrile for the money, many proponents are HON. NORMAN F. LENT it an aura of legitimacy. "[Laetrile] support­ true believers in the drug, and others are OF NEW YORK ers would be able to cite the fact that it was believers in the political idea that less gov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES given by such-and-such a physician, in such­ ernment is better government. The Com­ and-such hospital-and it would be available. mittee for Freedom of Choice in Cancer Monday, September 19, 1977 This immediately would give it the status Therapy, the largest pro-Laetrile organiza­ Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, I would like or a viable alternative to proved cancer tion, emphasizes constitutional rights and treatments. And the danger is that patients freedoms. Headed by Bradford and Frank to bring to the attention of my colleagues whose cancers are discovered in early stages Salaman, another convicted Laetrile smug­ a coming anniversary of considerable may think that Laetrile is a legitimate thera­ gler, the organization denounces the medical pride to me, and of considerable signifi­ peutic opinion." Already, an estimated 50,000 establishment and governmental interven­ cance to the Nation. On October 1, i.977, Americans are taking Laetrile. tion in private affairs. the community of Levittown, which was Laetrile is also being promoted for the Other organizations fighting for Laetrile developed with more than 17,000 homes relief of cancer pain. Some patients report legalization include the International Asso­ on farmland during the years immedi­ a feeling of well-being and decre~se in pain ciation of Cancer Victims and Friends, and ately following World War n, begins a with Laetrile use. But its action as a pain re­ the Cancer Control Society. The oldest pro­ liever has never been validated. Patients Laetrile group is the National Health Federa­ month-long celebration of the 30th an­ often feel better if they and their doctors tion, a champion since 1955 of unorthodox or niversary of its founding. As the U.S, believe a particular treatment will be bene­ unproved medical treatments. Several of its Representative for the Fourth Congres­ ficial, regardless of whether the treatment leaders have been convicted of such offenses sional District of New York, in which has any genuine effect. That phenomenon, as misbranding dietary products, marketing Levittcwn is located, I believe this is truly which is known as "the placebo effect," has electrical devices with false claims, or prac­ an anniversary worthy of recognition. been shown to occur, on average, in about ticing medicine without a license. The community of Levittown was one-third of patients treated with dummy Laetrile supporters have developed into a unique at the time it was begun, and it medication. highly vocal and extremely effective pollt~cal But what about the right to hope? Even force. They sponsor conventions for cancer remains so to this day. Those whose if a drug has no proved value, might it not victims and their families. They distribute memories go back to those early postwar have psychological benefit for a terminally literature. They petition the Congress. ':'hey years three decades ago will recall the ill cancer patient? In the debate over Lae­ lobby for pro-Laetrile legislation. In Indi..l.na, terrible housing shortage. It was an espe­ trile, legislators have repeatedly confronted hundreds of Laetrile backers were bused to cially trying time !'or millions of veterans the FDA with that q,uestion. In a typical ex­ legislative hearings to argue !or 1.heir ca\Jse. whose dreams of homes of their own in Their efforts paid off. The Indiana l~!Zislature change, one New York State legislator put which to raise their families were be~in­ it this way: "When you drive your car out of overrode a Governor's veto, making that state a car wash, doesn't it seem to run better?" the first to legalize the manufacture and sale ning to seem unattainable. "Maybe," replied the FDA official, "but of Laetrile. Ten other states-Alaska, Arizona, Then, like an answer to those e.reams, my car would really run better if it had an Delaware, Florida, Louisiana, Nevada, New came the vast development at Lev 1ttown, engine job. And if anyone tells you a wash Hampshire. Oklahoma, Texas, and Washing­ Long Island, N.Y. Levittown offered a will improve your car's performance, he's ton-have also legalized Laetrile use. As we house and lot that a family could afford, committing fraud." went to press, similar bills were awaiting the Governor's action in Illinois and New York, first at rentals of $60 per month, then for CU agrees. In our opinion, the use of purchase at $6,990 and $7,990. Most of Laetrile as a treatment for the terminally and several additional states were consider­ ill cancer patient stands in violation of basic ing such legislation. the homes were purchased with the help patient rights against being duped and By approaching the issue state by state, of GI mortgages. When the first 200 offered a false sense of hope. Some people Laetrile proponents hope to bypass Federal houses were offered for sale, long lines of who reallze that Laetrile is worthless never­ food and drug laws prohibiting interstate veterans waited patiently at the sales theless argue that the terminally 111 are 1n shipment of the drug. Right now, the FDA offices. They ignored the seas of mud and 29892 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 piles of construction material as they Levittown Tribune has continued to re­ has massively abused the field of psy­ rented and bought homes they felt would port the activities of the community and chiatry. Soviet authorities have turned it help their dreams come true. to play a role in its civic programs. Bill into a political weapon against dissidents. Almost all of those first residents of Bryson, the Tribune's current editor, has Perfectly sane critics of the system are Levittown were veterans, most of them provided valuable assistance in the or­ locked away in mental hospitals--all in the same age group, almost all of them ganization of the celebration. with the cooperation of the Soviet psy­ with young children. No one was rich, no One of the most important parts of chiatric profession. one was poor. Eighty percent of the early any community is its school system. The I was pleased to see that the World settlers commuted to New York City to Levittown school board was formed Psychiatric Association has finally con­ work. And almost all of them came from shortly after the families began moving demned such practices. The association crowded apartments or cramped trailer in. In 1948, the first officers of the school recently censured the Soviet Union for courts, or surplus military housing, and board were elected, with the late Lyle "systematic abuse of psychiatry for polit­ welcomed the sense of freedom and space Smith serving as the first president of ical purposes.'' This is an important step their own homes, lawns, and gardens the Levittown Board of Education. The since it focuses worldwide attention on gave them. Levittown School District has grown to the human rights violations that are This is why there was, for the most include 15 schools and 11,750 pupils. occurring in the name of psychiatry in­ part, a calm acceptance among those The community also moved quickly side the U.S.S.R. first families of the seas of mud, the un­ to organize a library for its citizens. New­ At this point in the RECORD I would sightly piles of construction materials man Baum, one of the founding members like to include a review from the Eco­ scattered across the land, and the incon­ of the modern Levittown Library and nomist, of a book which presents a strong veniences of the lack of stores and lack of one of its first trustees, still resides in the indictment of Soviet psychiatric prac­ public transportation. They were looking community and is active in library tices: into the future, were those first families. affairs. THE SANITY OF DISSENT-RUSSIA'S POLITICAL They were confident that Levittown Those are but a few of the many, many HOSPITALS: THE ABUSE OF PSYCHIATRY IN would become what it is today; a 7.3 residents of Levittown who have helped THE SOVIET UNION square mile area of shrubbery-shrouded in the early development and improve­ (By Sidney Bloch and Peter Reddaway) homes, winding tree-lined lanes, and ment of their community. They ignored One of the most attractive things about the carefully kept green lawns. It is a proud, the critics who derided the Levittown contemporary Soviet dissident writing is its vibrant, mature community of more than project as an "instant slum." Just how passion for hard, unadorned facts, coupled 65 ,000 people. misguided and wrong those critics were "1th an abhorrence of any kind of ex·trava­ A good many of those first families still can be understood by anyone who vic:its ga.nce. It is no accident, as communists are the Levittown of today. Almost all of the f•)nd of saying, that these quallties should live in Levittown, one indication of the be shared by this study, the first of its kind, strong sense of community which enve­ houses have been expanded with addi­ of the abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet lopes those who live there. Some of those tional rooms and patios. And the indi­ Union . Most of the rna terial on which the early settlers became active in govern­ vidual landscaping and other improve­ authors, an Oxford psychiatrist and a London ment. Among them was Paul Widlitz. He ments add to the beauty of the tree­ university specialist in Soviet politics, base is now Judge Widlitz, of the State su­ lined prospect as one drives down the their conclusions come from Soviet samizdat winding streets of Levittown. sources. But the 210 case histories of Soviet preme court. Judge Widlitz was the 107th citizens who have in the past 15 years been person to buy a house in Levittown and But the neat, well-kept appearance of Levittown is just one indication of interned in Soviet mental hospitals for rea­ still resides there. He was active in form­ sons connected with their beliefs analysed ing the first Levittown Civic Association the community pride and community in this book are only the tip of the iceberg. to fight for civic recognition, parks, play­ involvement which has been a Levit­ There have certainly been many more, but grounds, stop signs and traffic lights. An­ town tradition for 30 years. The schools, the authors did not !eel that what they were other early, and active resident of Levit­ the library, Levittown Hall, the numer­ able to learn about them could meet the town is county court judge Harold Col­ ous playing fields, and the nine swim­ rigorous standards they had set themselves. lins, who worked with Judge Widlitz, and ming pools which have been included They have supplemented documents and pic­ in a unique park district, all represent tures actually smuggled out of the Soviet who still resides in Levittown and main­ Union b y interviews with scores of wit­ tains an active interest in the commu­ that community spirit which has helped nesses-chiefly Soviet psychiatrists and nity. build Levittown into one of the largest former victims of psychiatric abuse who have communities in the Fourth Congres­ The first State legislator from Levit­ emi~rated to the west since 1971. But Mr. ·sional District. Reddaway and Dr Bloch have not neglected town was Assemblyman Francis P. Mc­ In a larger sense, Levittown today rep­ to study the official Soviet material on the Closkey, who now lives in nearby Syosset. resents the spirit of dedication to com­ subfect. One of the best-known of the vic­ Frank McCloskey took many of Levit­ munity betterment and individual re­ tims. Vladimir Bukovsky, who was exchanged town's battles for State aid to education sponsibility to community which has for the Chilean communist Luis Corvalan last to the floor of the assembly, where, in­ built, and continues to strengthen our Christmas, has written a preface. variably, he was successful. Nation. The result 1s a devastating indictment of Because of the large number of vet­ That fine spirit also represents a real the barbaric Soviet practice of locking away erans in the community, veterans affairs perfectlv sane critics of the system in ment al promise for the future. So long as our hospitals-an indictment all the more effec­ always were of importance. One of the citizens continue to help each other for tive for being so calm in its tone and so fac­ most active in such work was Major John the good of all, our Nation can face its tual in its presentation. The regime's ideo­ Kilbride, whose civic work and dedica­ problems with confidence they can and logical figleaf for this horrifying practice 1s tion to the Veterans of Foreign Wars con­ will be overcome. Levittown is a living the pretence that in a people's state only tinue to this day. Major Kilbride is chair­ example of the spirit of dedication and enemy agents and the insane could be op­ man of the 30th anniversary celebration, individual responsibility. It is fitting posed to the system. From the authorities' and headed the lOth and 20th anniver­ that we join in saluting Levittown as point of view, incarceration of politically in­ sary committees as well. Also still in convenient critics has a lot to recommend it it marks its 30th anniversary, and looks and is certainly preferable to the politically Levittown is the first veteran to buy a forward to the future with confidence much more damaging option of putting them home there, Phil Heron. Heron will raise and expectation. on trial. Such trials attract attention both in the anniversary flag at the October 1 Russia and abroad. Besides, facts (especially celebration, a flag flown over the U.S. doctored ones) presented at the trial can Capitol; which I will be proud to present subsequently be checked and shown to be to Levittown at the ceremonies. SOVIET ABUSE OF PSYCHIATRY untrue. Newspapers are always important to For this form of psychiatric warfare to be effective, however, the full co-operation of any community, bringing a focus to com­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK the psychiatrists is required and that, as the munitv life and activities. This was es­ OF OHIO authors show, the Soviet government has had pecially true in Levittown, which had its IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for years from the Soviet psychiatric profes­ own newspaper almost from the very be­ Monday, September 19, 1977 sion. But not only the Soviet psychiatrists ginning. The Levittown Tribune was pub­ need feel guilty. Amazingly, the official west­ lished under that masthead for the first Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, it is ern psychiatric bodies have over the years time in February of 1948. Since then the a well-known fact that the Soviet Union continued to ignore reports of ugly golngs on September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29893 in Soviet mental hospitals and to give the Soviet Union have committed towards the the Soviet Union will listen depends upon official Soviet version of events the benefit of purchase and development of arms had been our receptivity and preparation for the ses­ the doubt. That was the line taken by the directed towards solving the problems o! sion. World Psychtatric Association at its congress poverty, hunger and social injustice. The Congress, executive branch, and per­ in Mexico in 1971. The two superpowers have been able to haps most importantly the Department of The official Soviet version has now, how­ avoid nuclear holocaust through various State has the distinct option of leadership ever, been exploded, thanks largely to the types of diplomatic manuevers such as at this world conference if the concern and efforts of the victims themselves to get the brinksmanship, detente and bi-lateral interest necessary is forthcoming. Members facts about the abuses across to the west. The treaties. of Congress have the opportunity of working most notab!e role here has been played by But those were and are only temporary closely with the Department of State in de­ Vladimir Bukovsky and Semyon Gluzman. solutions brought about by mutual states veloping the United States position. There 1s But they have had help from certain cour­ ot fear. responsible leadership within our ranks as ageous psychiatrists, such as Dr. Marina Voik­ The days of two superpowers monopolizing demonstrated by past years of foreign policy hanskaya, who, having once discovered the the arms trade and being able to decide making and this leadership should and must ugly truth, were not prepared to keep quiet. things just between themselves are long gone. be applied in this instance. Members may The scholarly work of Mr. Reddaway and Dr. We are no longer the only nations that also join in participation at the session as Bloch crowns their achievements. In Russia, need to and must reduce our armaments. observers which, I feel, would be most sup­ too, the worldwide publicity given to the psy­ Expenditures on arms have more than portive of our representation. chiatric abuses has resulted in the practice doubled in the developing nations since 1960 This won't be an easy task but this country being discontinued against well known dissi­ and those countries spend as much on mili­ has a unique opportunity to take a leader­ dents. But the authors surmise that it might tary programs as they do on education and ship role in this conference. still be going on against more obscure vic­ health care combined. But only if you and I are willing to help tims. It seems as if every country wants to be­ convince the general public of the dangers Appropriately in his preface Mr. Bukovsky come a nuclear power. of the continued arms buildup. asks who would have guessed when Pinel Great Britain, France, the Peoples Repub­ There have been conferences in the past first removed the chains from the mentally ill lic of China, India, Israel, Pakistan, Taiwan which have resulted in the nations moving and stopped them being treated as criminals and South Africa are just so:ne of the na­ closer to agreements because they were in that 200 years later prisoners would look tions that either already have or reportedly the spotlight of public attention. with fear at Pinel's successors, preferring are close to developing nuclear weapons ca­ With the arms race now consuming more chains to their "care". pab111ties. than $300 billion annually we can't afford to India, for example, recently exploded what delay any longer. they called a peaceful nuclear device ... The United Nations special session on dis­ whatever that is. • armament may provide the open door and a ARMS REVERSAL PROGRAM With many of the nations of the world con­ fresh, enlightening look at one of the most stantly at each other's throats this nuclear pressing issues facing our world today. proliferation can only increase the very real HON. HELEN S. MEYNER risk of nuclear mutual destruction. The Mideast is a perennial tinderbox that OF NEW JERSEY could erupt into open warfare at the drop of EILBERG PAYS TRIBUTE TO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a hat. LEOPOLD STOKOWSKI Monday, September 19, 1977 Sino-Soviet relations seem to always be on edge; Greece and Turkey aren't exactly the Mrs. MEYNER, Mr. Speaker, on Sep­ best of friends; the white-only govern­ HON. JOSHUA EILBERG tember 14, 1977, my good friend and col­ ments in southern Africa don't make for a OF PENNSYLVANIA league, MICHAEL BLOUIN, addressed a peaceful climate there either, and there is conference on "Arms Control and Reduc­ always the possibility of an unstable dictator IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion: Problems and Prospects." In that along the lines of Uganda's Idi Amin deciding Monday, September 19, 1977 to get his hands on a nuclear device and then address, Mr. BLOUIN suggests that the trying to ftex his muscles. Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, this past arms race has left the realm of United If conventional warfare wasn't bad enough, Tuesday the world of art suffered a great States-Soviet relations and that coun­ the hot spots of the world carry the added loss with the death of Leopold Stokowski. tries that did not previously participate potential for so-called tactical nuclear ex­ This remarkable man, who occupied in this deadly game are now competing changes especially with the development of the conductor's platform of the Phila­ to become nuclear powers. As Mr. BLOUIN the "humane", people destroying, "building­ saving", neutron bomb. delphia Orchestra from 1912 to 1937, was indicates, this potential worldwide use of active and still carrying on his passion nuclear arms creates an unprecedented Perhaps if we could come up with a bomb that wouldn't hurt people but would only with music right up to his death at the instability in trouble spots throughout de3troy buildings we might actually be mak­ age of 95. the world. ing progress. Our future discussions on arms limita­ Under Mr. Stokowski's direction, the Ignoring the arms problem won't make it Philadelphia Orchestra achieved unpar­ tions should not focus solely on United go away. Tragically it may take the first ex­ States-Soviet relations, but on global change of tactical nuclear weapons or a cata­ alleled excellence. It broke new ground disarmament as well. The concerns and strophic accident before enough people begin in virtually every field related to music, interests of the rest of the world, con­ to realize that. whether it was as the first symphony cerns that have been largely ignored, Whether by accident or design, the result orchestra to play a radio broadcast under will be addressed at the May 1978 United of such an exchange-the death of millions commercial sponsorship, or whether it Nations General Assembly's special ses­ of people on both sides-would be the same. was engaged in such then-unique proj­ I'm not sure we as Members of Congress ects as the Disney film "Fantasia." sion on arms reduction. I share Mr. can advocate that this country unilaterally BLOUIN's belief that this forum can pro­ take its weapons and toss them into the Mr. Speaker, a giant of our century vide an invaluable tool in reducing the ocean. has died, and in tribute I would like to global arms race. I commend Mr. BLOUIN Most authorities suggest that such a move insert these editorial comments on Mr. for his insights and I am inserting for probably would not bring the desired reac­ Stokowski from the September 15 Phila­ the benefits of my colleagues, the text of tion by other nations and would not be delphia Inquirer and Washington Post: Mr. BLOUIN's statement: the best course of action for this nation to [From the Philadelphia Inquirer, follow. Sept. 15, 1977] ARMS REVERSAL PROGRAM: "ARMS CONTROL Instead, we should be casting our eyes at AND REDUCTION-PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS" the United Nations general assembly's spe­ AN INDOMITABLE GENIUS BOWS There can be little doubt that some kind cial May 1978 session on arms reduction as Leopold Stokowski, an ageless genius, is of universal arms reduction is an idea whose a tool to achiev-e a reduction in armaments dead at 95. He was a musician of such ex­ time is long overdue. on a global basis. traordinary brilliance as to defy comparison. For the past 35 years, ever since World While we have the long standing tendency Until he died in his sleep in his house near War II, the United States and the Soviet to observe only Soviet pollcy in the arms con­ London Tuesday night, he was a person of Union have been engaged in an on-again, trol area, an effort must be made to apprise such indomitable force as to appear to defy off-again game of armament chess. ourselves on the interests developing with­ mortality. Still an active and imaginative First we developed one superweapon and in the remov.ed but concerned nations. The conductor a quarter century beyond the Bib­ then they come up with some equally deadly United Nations special session, requested by lical three score years and ten, he was counterweapon and on it goes. the Third World, provides an opportunity for scheduled to lead a recording performance Imagine if you w111 the shape the world an open forum by which these countries can today, and would have surprised no one if would be in today if just half of the money, take a rightful place in voicing their well he had lived to do one on his hundredth time and resources this country and the rounded concerns. Whether or not we and birthday. 29894: EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 Biographers and music historians of a joined with Walt Disney to produce "Fan­ including Minority Leader John Rhodes. It generation hence will not lay to rest the con­ tasia." It is one of Hollywood's most endur­ muks a clear GOP alternative to the tattered troversies in which Mr. Stokowski delighted, ing films, based on music from Beethoven, amalion notions of the Democrats. sometimes perversely. In Philadelphia, where Bach, Tchaikovsky and Musorgski among Made public just before the Social Security he raised a miserable symphony orchestra to others. subcommittee of the Ways and Means Com­ the pinnacle of professional greatness and Mr. Stokowski's innovations-some o! them mittee took up the issue this week, the Re­ international celebrity, there are earnest bold, some of them whimsical-often drew publican proposal would put the system on people who still today w111 storm out of a criticism. But throughout his career, his a sound financial footing !or the next 75 dinner party at the praise of Mr. Stokow­ passionate commitment was to elevating years, its architects contend: It would solve ski-or at the criticism of him--and he left music. He not only accomplished that. In the the immediate shortfall in the two major the podium here 36 years ago. process he also lifted the spirits of millions trust funds and strengthen the insurance­ The obituaries and biographies are long of listeners. as opposed to the welfare character-of and rich. They chronicle a life which leaves Social Security. deep and indelible marks on the history of Already this week, the subcommittee has serious music and especially on the threatri­ JUGGLING SOCIAL SECURITY approved two of the GOP plan's general pro­ cal effects and public popularity of sym­ visions-to lift the ceiling on allowable phony orchestras. There is no responsible earned income by beneficiaries, and to re­ way to distill the lustrous legacies of that life quire federal, state and local municipal em­ into a succinct inventory of appreciation. HON. WILLIAM M. KETCHUM ployes be in the Social Security system. There 1s no way either to settle the dis­ OF CALIFORNIA Inclusion o! federal workers would end a putes about Mr. Stokowski, as an interpreter IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conspicuous inequity-the ability of federal o! great music, as a flamboyant public figure, workers rather easily through moonlighting as a leader of many o! this century's greatest Monday, September 19, 1977 or after the earlier retirement allowed by orchestras, and as a man of flaming personal Mr. KETCHUM. Mr. Speaker, I am their pension plan to earn the minimum and public passions. encouraged by the healthy debate which Social Security benefit. That is as he would want it. As a private has ensued since a number of my col­ The Republicans would prefer that their person, he was a genius of irony, a man to leagues and I offered a plan for financial reform package be considered in its total­ whom there was in everything humor and ity. But, of course, that will not occur. the ambiguities and conflicts which are the restoration and equity strengthening of However, the GOP proposal should be, and heart of wit and of truth. To say that he the social security system. Our proposal seems to be, stimulating the members of the despised orthodoxy, which is inviting, would is one of several being considered by the House subcommittee as they grapple with be to miss the essence of the man: To him, House Ways and Means Subcommittee the severe deficiencies of the system-the orthodoxy did not exist. on social security. Disability Insurance Fund expected to be None of the infinite wavs in which Leo­ Social security's immediate problem is exhausted by 1979 and the Old Age and Sur­ pold StokO\"lski rejected orthodoxy was more that it is paying out more than it re­ vivors Insurance Fund by 1983. dramatic than his deflanc r~ of the very idea ceives from the payroll tax, and con­ A major thrust of the plan would be "de­ of age. Finally, Tuesday mgh t near London, coupling"-eliminating the redundant ad­ mortality appeared to have won the argu­ sequently must draw on trust funds to justments for both price and wage inflation ment. but if it did, the victory was over only make up the difference. If we continue in calculating benefits. These two changes, the frailness of the human body. Leopold to draw on social security at the present the Republicans say, would reduce the long­ Stokowski's spirit has never flnched. rate, it is estimated that the trust fund range Social Security deficit by "slightly more for disability payments will be exhausted than half." (From the Washington Post, Sept. 15, 1977] by late 1978 or early 1979, and that the Another substantial change would be the LEOPOLD STOKOWSKI fund for old age payments will be ex­ gradual advancement, from 65 to 68, of the When artists talk of productive periods, hausted by 1983. age for full retirement benefits-the change the idea is that these moments of high in­ would not begin until 1990 and not reach spiration come and go. For Leopold Stokow­ Mr. Speaker, at this time I insert in maturity until 2001, a phasing that takes ski, productive periods only came and came the RECORD an editorial which appeared into account increasing longevity and health and kept on coming. At his death on Tuesday, in the Washington Star on Friday, among the population. That seems eminently at age 95, his confidence in his abilities was September 16, 1977, commenting on pro­ sensible. so strong that he was in the second year of posed solutions to the financial crisis There would be a tax increase under the a five-year recording contract. Tireless and faced by the social security system. It is GOP pian-as its sponsors correctly point seemingly ageless, Mr. Stokowski enlarged obvious from this and other reports that out, "There are prices to pay for the prob­ the art of symphonic conducting to the lems (the plan 1 solves." This increaEe would point that his interpretations and improvisa­ now is the time to tackle many of the in­ come, for employes, employers a..nd the self­ tions of great music achieved a greatness of equities which, coupled with the inad­ employed, in three stages; 0.5 per cent in their own. Part Olympian and part prima equate financial base already mentioned, 1982; 0 .3 per cent in 1990; and 0 .4 per cent donna (he said early in his career that he have contributed to the ineffectiveness in 2000. "This means that tax rates would ought to be paid at least as much as Babe of the social security system. rise, under this proposal, less than 1 y.. per Ruth or Jack Dempsey) , Mr. Stokowski be­ The article follows: cent over a 75-year span." Among the "ob­ came a worldwide figure through the uni­ vious alternatives" noted by the Republicans, versality of music. From his first time on the JUGGLING SOCIAL SECURITY of course, is the Carter administration's hope podium-while conducting a children's or­ The greatest vulnerabilities o! the Social of removing all wage ceilings and having chestra in London at age 12-till his last, he Security system in recent years have been taxes paid on total earnings. There may be gave more than 7,000 performances. intellectual poverty and political timidity. better ways to discourage personal initiative, Mr. Stokowski's earliest achievement was Democrats and Republicans alike have ad­ but an ad infinitum bite like that is a sure to bring a burst of culture to Philadelphia. dressed the intimidating problems largely by one. From 1912 to 1937 he led the Philadelphia calling for ever higher taxes on an ever There are terrible difficulties in reform­ Orchestra, introducing spectacular premiers. rising wage base. ing so massive a mechanism as Social Se­ Too proud to repeat the same old numbers Into the leaking dike o! Social Security curity. The tendency has been merely to and too daring not to be challenged by the President Carter has jammed these same shore up an eroding foundation. That is not opportunity to create masterpieces, Mr. Sto­ two fingers-increasing taxes and wage what is needed, and the GOP proposal seeks kowski drew to the concert hall audiences ceilings-and added a third: Using general to avoid delusory fiddling. that previously had paid no attention to, let revenue to keep the trust funds from going alone much money for, symphonies. In a broke. The general-revenue provision is one There is no compelling reason that ma­ newly published book on Mr. Stokowski, Paul the President will "insist on," says HEW jor Social Security legislation be completed Robinson writes: "His concerts were often Secretary Joseph Califano. in this session of Congress. The very com­ like dramatic events with musical accom­ That's a desperate lunge. It would require plexity of the issue argues !or greater de­ paniment.... Stokowski had shown that he substantial borrowing by the Treasury and liberation-to avoid, for a blatant example, could reach people, particularly people who a consequent increase in the public debt and the 1972 mistake of double indexing. knew nothing about cla~sical music." additional pressure for higher t~xes . The The administration calls Social Security Critics said that this reaching instinct got general receptivity of Congress to the use action a "must" for this session. It should the better of Mr. Stokowski when he went of general revenue was indicated several be no such thing. to Hollywoort in 1936 to make movies. Al­ weeks ago when the Senate Finance Com­ Representative James A. Burke, D-Mass., though the sight (in "100 Men and a Girl") mittee by a convincing 11-3 vote rejected chairman of the subcommittee, the other of the dignified conductor trying to bring such tinkering. day doubted that "Solomon with all his wis­ out the best in Adolph Menjou in the trom­ But the most encouraging development on dom could solve all the problems of Social bone section was perhaps closer to a comic Social Security was the thoughtful reform Security before Congress adjourns this year." opera than a symphony. Mr. Stokowski later package offered by six House Republicans, The obvious moral: Don't try. September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29895 OUR NUCLEAR-POWERED NAVY merged during naval exercises in the Atlan­ tance of becoming the world's strongest sea tic in 1957. This was the first visit of a Pres­ power. We have chosen not to challenge ident to a nuclear-powered warship. them with numbers of ships. For this reason, HON. JOHN J. RHODES During President Eisenhower's Administra­ I believe it essential that the ships we do OF ARIZONA tim:'- 27 more nuclear attack submarines were build be the most powerful and effective authorized for construction, including eight weapons we know how to build. This re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES new designs. quires nuclear propulsion for major war­ Monday, September 19, 1977· The Polaris nuclear submarine program, ships. The penalty for any other approach which many believe t o be our Nation's great­ is the steady erosion of our conventional Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, last month est deterrent weapon system, was started on military forces, with consequent reduction I received a letter from Admiral Rick­ a crash basis under him in the 1958 ship­ in our influence and in our "options" in over regarding our nuclear-powered building program, and the first 14 Polarts world affairs. The alternative is to rely for Navy. The letter was written at sea dur­ subm.:~.rines were authorized in his Adminis­ our security solely on nuclear weapons; their ing the first trials of the nuclear aircraft tration. President Eisenhower rode the Pat­ use could mark the supreme failure of man­ carrier Dwight D. Eisenhower. rick Henry, the second Polaris submarine, in kind. 1960 Respectfully, I think Admiral Rickover's letter pro­ The nuclear surface Navy was also started H. G. RICKOVER . vides important information and insight while President Eisenhower was in office. The into our naval needs and insert it at this cruiser Long Beach, the carrier Enterprise, point in the RECORD for the benefit of all and the cruiser Bainbridge were authorized "STRAIGHT FROM THE SHOUL­ my colleagues: in 1957, 1958, and 1959 respectively. DER''-VINCENT X. FLAHERTY NORTH ATLANTIC, Nuclear power in surface warships gives August 1, 1977. them the ability to operate continuously at DEAR MR. RHODEs: We are returning from high speed which affords them protection HON. CHARLES H. WILSON the first sea trials of the USS Dwight D. Ei­ not available to non-nuclear ships. This OF CALIFORNIA senhower (CVN 69), our third nuclear pow­ could mean the difference between victory ered aircraft carrier and our tenth nuclear and defeat in battle. As the number of for­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES powered surface warship. The purpose of the eign bases and the size of our Fleet continue Monday, September 19, 1977 trials is to demonstrate the performance of to decline and the availability of foreign oil her two reactor propulsion plant which pro­ becomes more tenuous, the need for ships Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Califor­ duces about as much power as the eight not dependent on a logistic umbilical cord for nia. Mr Speaker, a few years ago, before reactor plants in the first nuclear carrier, the oil will continue to increase. sports reporting became so technical, USS Enterprise (CVN 65). The Dwight D. Next to providing the major deterrent to with instant replays and expert commen­ Eisenhower was built by the Newport News all-out nuclear war, I believe that the most tators who analyze the game with the mi­ Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, New­ important mission of our Navy is to insure croscopic detail of a scientist reporting port News, Virginia. She is a sister ship of that our first line of naval striking forces the USS Nimitz (CVN 68) which was deliv­ can carry out their mission against threats on an amoeba, there was a group of ered in 1975 and is now assigned to the U.S. developing from potential enemies. A signif­ sports reporters who had the ability to Atlantic Fleet. One more ship of this class, icant portion of our major surface warships transform the mortals on the field into the Carl Vinson \CVN 70), is also under con­ must be nuclear powered or we may end up legends. Last week, one of those report­ struction at Newport News. without a credible deterrent to aggressions ers, Vincent X. Flaherty, died in Los An­ The Eisenhower has a length of 1.092 feet, which do not warrant escalation to a nu­ geles. He was 68. n flight deck width of over 250 feet, and a clear war. Vince Flaherty believed that if you combat load displacement of nearly 95,000 For the foreseeable future the aircraft car­ "t::ut a ball in a kid's hand, he is not tons, and can provide sustained support for rier will be the principal offensive striking a naval air wing of about 100 aircraft. Her arm of the Navy in a non-nuclear war. No going to have time to pick up a rock." initial nuclear cores will provide her with other weapon system under development can Never mind the million dollar contracts, enough fuel to carry out operations for the replace the long-range, sustained, concen­ and the petty disputes; the game was to next 13 years, thus making her truly inde­ trated fire power of the carrier air wing. Nu­ be played as a romantic adventure that pendent of propulsion fuel logistic support. clear submarines and nuclear surface ships every person could participate in, These cores contain energy equivalent to with anti-air and anti-submarine capabili­ whether it be on the field or through the over two million tons of coal or 11 million ties are all needed to supplement and aug­ ment the capabilities of the nuclear carrier. imagery of the printed word. barrels of oil, enough oU to fill a train of Born in Washington, D.C., Flaherty tank cars stretching from Washington to Carriers are vulnerable to attack by Soviet Boston. sea-based cruise missiles-as are all surface claimed his father "made more money The Enterprise was delivered in 1961. She ships. However, the first line of defense sur­ during his lifetime than any million­ operated three years before her first refuel­ face ships have against missiles and their aire." His dad worked as a printer for ing, including a 30,000 mile cruise around launching platforms is carrier based aircraft. the Bureau of Printing and Engraving the world in 1964 without logistic support. Without carriers and their aircraft, other where U.S. currency is manufactured. She was accompanied by the nuclear cruis­ surface warships, replenishment ships, and amphibious forces will all be much more vul­ After writing a popular Washington ers Long Beach (CGN 9) and Bainbridge column, "Straight From the Shoulder," (CGN 25). nerable. The nuclear carrier task force with its capability of unlimited operation at high Flaherty came West and joined the Following her first refueling the Enter­ speed is the m cst powerful, least vulnerable sports staff of the Los Angeles Exam­ prise operated four years, including four surface ship force in the history of naval iner. deployments to Vietnam, before her Eecond warfare. refueling and overhaul in 1970. To date, the In the 1950's, Flaherty wrote a series Nuclear ships are often compared in cost of articles which claimed that a major Enterprise has steamed almost one million with cheaper conventional ships of much miles. Her present reactor cores are expected less military capability, the argument being league baseball tea.m might be quite suc­ to provide fuel for a total of at least 13 years. that we should build more of the cheaper cessful if a club allowed its eastern roots We now have seven nuclear-powered conventional ships rather than fewer of the to be transplanted in southern Califor­ guided-missile ships in operation; the cruis­ nuclear ships. Yet study after study has nia soil. Los Angeles Mayor Norris Poul­ ers Long Beach (CGN 9), Bainbridge (CGN shown that when all costs are considered son, and then-City Councilman Kenneth 25), Truxtun (CGN 35), California (CGN nuclear warships cost little more than con­ Hahn liked Flaherty's suggestion and 36), South Carolina (CGN 37), Virginia ventional warships having the same weapons traveled down to Florida spring training (CGN 38). and Texas (CGN 39). Two more systems-the nuclear warships being far to visit various teams. Walter O 'Malley, are under construction; the Mississippi (CGN superior militarily. 40) and the as yet unnamed CGN 41. Con­ Further, the cost of war itself far exceeds owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers thought gress has also authorized advance procure­ any cost needed to be prepared to prevent it was a good idea, too. ment funds for the first of four nuclear it. The best warships and ultimately the Once the Dodgers moved to Los An­ cruisers planned to have the AEGIS anti-air cheapest we can build are those which are geles, Flaherty succeeded in organizing warfare weapons system. never used in combat because they are ade­ a special exhibition game at the Los When General of the Army Dwight D. Ei­ quate to prevent war. Angeles Memorial Coliseum between the senhower became our 34th President in Jan­ With the heavy military a n d non-military Dodgers and New York Yankees. The uary 1953, the only nuclear warship under demands on our budget, tile United States nighttime contest was played as a tribute construction was the submarine Nautilus. must spend only where it is necessary and The second nuclear submarine, the Seawolf, where the value received is clear. The true to Roy Campanella, the great Dodger had been authorized by Congress a few value of the Navy capable of countering the catcher who had been paralyzed in an months previously. Mrs. Eisenhower chris­ Soviet threat cannot be measured in dollars automobile accident. And 100,000 per­ tened the Nautilus on January 21, 1954. Pres­ alone; survival may also depend on it. sons, the largest crowd ever to see a ident Eisenhower rode the Seawolf while sub- The Soviets have recognized the lmpor- baseball game, gave "Campy" the great- CXXIII--1881-Part 23 29896 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 est ovation the Coliseum has seen. AI the phone screamino-5 for copy. Vince was gressive establishments have already Brine, now with the California Angels, like a ballplayer who was no good till he has converted restrooms, set aside special two strikes on him. parking areas, and lowered water foun­ and a longtime friend of Flaherty said He had the old St. Louis Browns signed, of that evening, "the Dodgers, the Yan­ sealed, and all but delivered to Los Angeles tains for the convenience of the handi­ kees, and Vince Flaherty made that spe­ one time in the mid-50's when the league capped. Other original ideas such as the cial night possible." moguls doublecrossed him at the 11th hour use of nonslip flooring in lobbies and I know my colleagues in the House of and shifted the franchise to Baltimore, where other public access areas, braille on ele­ Representatives join me in expressing all it did was undermine Washington. vator control panels, and strategically our sympathy to his wife, Kitty, his son Vince thought he had Washington set for placed r.est areas for the elderly could be Los Angeles, too, but the Griffi.th family tar­ shared among organizations interested Vincent, his brothers James and Leo, and ried. When Flaherty tried to tell baseball his sister Beatrice Dangerfield. in further serving the public. what a terrible mistake it was making, only I am sure that most of my colleagues Jim Murray, the noted sports colum­ one man was listening-Walter O'Malley. have noticed the excellent work being nists, recently described the career of Flaherty pointed out repeatedly that Los done by the Architect of the Capitol in "The Classy Vincent X." For the benefit Angeles had supported not one but two minor league franchises (Hollywood is only building ramps at all entrances of the of my colleagues, I insert Mr. Murray's Capitol building, lowering curbs at var­ article into the RECORD. We could use a a state of mind) and regularly drew more than a million customers-at a time when ious crosswalks, and converting public few more writers like "The Classy Vin­ only one or two major league franchises restrooms. Passage of this resolution cent X." could make that statement. would further encourage all sectors of the (From the Los Angeles Times, Sept. 13, 1977] Vince Flaherty died last week, I hope with public to formulate and execute similar THE CLASSY VINCENT X his hat on, and a story in the mill and the plans. (By Jim Murray) deadline coming up. The only sports figures Thus, Mr. Speaker, I believe the simple Vincent X. Flaherty was the first guy I I saw at his funeral were the O'Malleys­ act of passing this concurrent resolution ever saw write with his hat on. I thought Walter and Peter. But, then, the other own­ ers are very busy these days runnning the as expeditiously as possible would be an that was real class. Here he was in a state act and in the best interest of all people. where most guys don't even wear hats, and most-profitable biJ~ leagl.:.e franchises in the Vincent came and pecked his game story out history of sports. Vincent X . would under­ I have attached a copy of the resolu­ like a guy who was double-parked. stand. He always told them they would be. tion for the convenience of the Members Vince did everything with a fiair. He had When he came to the city, it was bush league. wishing either to cosponsor or sign a let­ one of the earliest post-war cars once Detroit When he left it, it was big league. ter to the House Post Office and Civil tooled up again, a Chrysler Town and Coun­ Service Committee in support of the res­ try, which was kind of a cross between a sta­ olution: tion wagon and a luxury sedan and there JoiNT RESOLUTION were, like, only three in the whole world at NATIONAL BARRIER AWARENESS the time-Vincent X. Flaherty's, Louis B . WEEK Authorizing the President to proclaim the Mayer's and one owned by the president of third week of July of 1977, 1978, and 1979, Chrysler, K. T . Keller. as "National Architectural Barrier Aware­ I never knew a newspaperman who got HON. CHARLES W. WHALEN, JR. ne3s Week" manicures before. Vince got his shoes shined OF OHIO Whereas architectural barriers infringe every hour. He really knew how to act the upon the rights of the physically handi­ part out. He took Hollywood by storm. He IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES capped by impeding their access to buildings had friends in high places. Every occupant Monday, September 19, 1977 and other facilities in the United States; and of the White House from Hoover on down Whereas the Congress has enacted legisla­ was a pal. John F. Kennedy was a special Mr. WHALEN. Mr. Speaker, I am tion requiring the removal of architectural friend. pleased to add my name to the long list barriers at institutions receiving Federal His house looked like a museum. He had of supporters of the House concurrent funds; and Eddie Arcaro's Triple Crown s addle, Babe resolution to proclaim the third week Whereas the Internal Revenue Code of Ruth's bat, and I don't know what else. of July 1978 and 1979 as "National Bar­ 1954 provides deductions of as much as He slept late. He was a nightly fixture on rier Awareness Week." The purpose of $25,000 per year to taxpayers to encourage the old Sunset Strip at the Mocambo or the the removal of architectural barriers; and Troc. He was a visiting celebrity at the old the resolution is to bring greater public Whereas public commitment is necessary Toots Shor's or Stork Club in New York. attention to the day-to-day obstacles to achieve the goal of removing architectural Vincent came west from Washington in handicapped persons face in activities barriers from buildings and other facilities 1945 with the usual baggage of prejudices most people take for granted. It is also in the United States; and and misconceptions about Los Angeles. Like designed to publicize recent congressional Whereas public commitment to solve the most Easterners, he thought it was just one actions encouraging private establish­ problem of architectural barriers is based big hotdog stand in the shape of a frog, an ments to become as accessible as pos­ upon public awareness of such problem and orange grove with delusions of grandeur. sible to all citizens. the means to solve such problem; and But when he looked around he was of­ Whereas the American National Standards fended that this metropolis should be scarred With the rush of energy, social secu­ Institute has developed standards which, if with minor league status. He wa3 a whiskey­ rity, and labor legislation now before implemented, would increase the accessi­ drinking pal of Bob Cobb, the owner of the Congress, it is certainly easy for a resolu­ bility of buildings and other facilities in the old Pacific Coast League Hollywood Stars, but tion of this sort to become lost in the United States to the physically handicapped: he would never set foot in a minor league Now, therefore, be it park. shuffle. However, by the simple act of ob­ Resolv ed by the Senate and House of Rep­ He rounded up a fraternity of millionaires taining 105 additional signatures in sup­ port of the resolution, it automatically resentativ es of the United States of America like Ben Lindheimer, owner of race tracks in in Congress assembled, That the President of Chicago, and Mickey McBride, taxi tycoon can be reported out of the Post Office and the United States is authorized and re­ from Cleveland, and he started up a rival Civil Service Committ.~ and brought to quested to issue a proclamation designating professional football league to the NFL, the the floor for approval. Mr. Speaker, I be­ the third week of July of 1977, 1978, and All-America Conference. It was an idea whose lieve the resolution I am reintroiucing 1979, as "National Architectural Barrier time had not yet come. Had he waited only today is in accord with the policies set Awareness Week" , and calling upon the peo­ two or three more years for television to forth in recent years by Congress and ple of the United States to observe such grow up and the coaxial cable to be installed, week wit h appropriate activities. Vince and his league would be winning Super the administration and thus deserves Bowls by now instead of Lamar Hunt's. quick and positive action. Vince's writing style was like his life­ A National Architectural Barrier style-fiamboyant, to the point, purple and Awareness Weel: would encourage orga­ PROTECTION FOR BATTERED WOM­ mostly unafraid. Physically imposing him­ nizations and businesses concerned with self, a man who had once been a sparring the public interest to rethink and more EN AND ABUSED CHILDREN partner for Young Stribling, and a tramp athlete who played football r.t four schools carefully plan the construction of new he would cruf!ade recklessly :for what he be~ structures as well as the modification HON. ROBERT W. KASTEN, JR. lieved in. He got bloodied up to the ears of existing ones. Simple and inexpensive OF WISCONSIN once defending the jockey, Jackie Westrope, ideas, such as lowering control panels IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but that didn't deter Vince. Vince went the in automatic elevators and extending distance. handrails to the bottom and top of stair­ Monday, September 19, 1977 I don't think he ever started writing till wells for the blind and elderly, can be Mr. KASTEN. Mr. Speaker, through­ the deadline was past, and the editor was on easily implemented. Indeed, many pro- out the history of mankind, control of September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29897 violence between individuals has been a problem and not as a serious criminal ac­ women are not the only victims of abuse. primary concern among those who create tivity. It is only within the last year that Small children are often the target of and enforce our laws. Yet, we have con­ the Milwaukee city attorney's office has their parents' anger and frustration. sistently failed to extend these legal pro­ been keeping records on battered wom­ Ironically, the lack of effective laws tections to women and children who are en's cases. From September 1976 through and programs to deal with child abuse continually subjected to physical and July 1977, 1,321 cases were reported with may be partially attributed to the ab­ emotional abuses by members of their 162 actually referred for criminal prose­ horrence of the problem. The very idea immediate families. cution. Generally, the accused was that a parent, who is supposed to love The problem has not necessarily been charged with a misdemeanor, fined, and and protect his or her offspring, could with our criminal justice system, but released. be responsible for a child's physical in­ rather with basic cultural and societal All cases were scheduled for a hearing jury or even death, is so repulsive that attitudes which can be traced to prehis­ before a group of assistant city attorneys many are reluctant to believe it. The toric times. The concept that wives and and law students from Marquette Uni­ problem is compounded by the helpless­ offspring are property and therefore sub­ versity. The majority of camplaints were ness of the child who often will not, or ject to the rules and laws dictated by the dismissed due to insufficient evidence, cannot, testify against his or her at­ husband and/or father is as old as man. because one or both parties failed to tacker. In addition, the violence usually Because of such attitudes, our courts appear for the hearing, or because the occurs in the privacy of the home. and and legislatures at all levels of govern­ wom!in dropJ,:ed the charges against her even when it is reported, it is difficult to ment have been reluctant to intervene husband or mate. The remainder were prove in the absence of eyewitnesses. in what is perceived as an internal fam­ referred for counseling or resolved by It was not until the latter part of the ily matter. Indeed, even when legal and having the couple advised by a legal in­ 19th century that New York passed this financial support is available, the vic­ tern or attorney. country's first child abuse law. However, tims' fears, more often than not, prevent Milwaukee, lLl{e many other large cities, the most definitive action in the area did them from seeking help. is critically in need of facilities to assist not begin until the 1960s when all 50 BATTERED WOMEN battered women in coping with their States passed some tyoe of child abuse The tragedy of domestic violence, its problems. The Women's Coalition Task law. These are basically concerned with emotional and legal complexities, is no Force on Battered Women has been most reporting laws which encourage or re­ more apparent than when trying to un­ active in trying to help these desperate quire the reporting of suspected child derstand and deal with the problems of women by providing counseling and psy­ abuse-usually by doctors and other the battered wife. Considered by law en­ chological support and, when available, professionals; criminal law provisions to forcement officials to be the single most emergency shelter. Only one facility ex­ punish those who abuse children; juve­ unreported crime in the country, "wife­ ists at this time, and it is overcrowded nile court acts, and State legislation to beating" is almost impossible to docu­ and in need of funds. Consequently, with establish or authorize protective services ment since it is most often listed by so many obstacles facing them, most for children. police under "assault and battery" or battered wives have little choice but to On the Federal level, efforts to control "disputes." Although estimates vary, ex­ stay home and bear their husbands' child abuse have concentrated on finan­ perts believe that approximately 5 mil­ abuse. cial assistance to the States for child lion women suffer brutal assaults by It is because of my deep concern for welfare and social services and for re­ their husbands or mates each year. the pligh~ of battered women that I am search grants. Traditionally, the Federal It is only within the last few years plea.sed to join in cosponsoring the Do­ Government has avoided specific legisla­ that the courts, social service agencies mestic Violence Prevention and Treat­ tion regarding child abuse, considering and law enforcement officials, and so­ ment Act of 1977. This long overdue leg­ it a State matter. In the last few years, ciety itself, have taken a new look at the -islation would provide supportive serv­ however, perhaps because of increasing problems of battered women. Tradition­ ices, in the form of financial and tech­ awareness of the incidence of child beat­ ally, brutalized women have suffered in nical assistance. for the creation of do­ ing and the resulting public outcry, a silence, fearing the loss of their eco­ mestic violence prevention programs at number of bills were introduced in Con­ nomic security, the indifference of the the grassroots level. The majority of gress concerning mandatory reporting criminal justice system, and ridicule by funds would be set aside for demonstra­ requirements and the creation of a Na­ their families and friends. tion grants designed to provide for tional Center on Child Abuse and Largely because of the women's move­ family rehabilitation and support, emer­ Neglect. ment, battered wives are beginning to gency shelter to house victims, and In 1974, Congress coordinated these look for help. Unfortunately, because the training of both professionals and· vol­ measures into one comprehensive law problem is only just beginning to be rec­ unteers who are primarily engaged in entitled the Child Abuse Prevention and ognized and addressed, legal and finan­ areas directly related to domestic vio­ Treatment Act. The program, which is cial support is virtually nonexistent. The lence. The remaining funds would be administered by the Department of Law Enforcement Assistance Adminis­ used to assist private and nonprofit orga­ Health, Education, and Welfare, provides tration has taken a first step with their nizations interested in developing a do­ financial and technical assistance to the recent approval of a $1 million grant for mestic violence prevention program. States, public and nonpublic agencies for battered women's programs on the State This bill would also provide for a study the development of child abuse preven­ level. Nevertheless, this is only token of the effectiveness of present laws and tion and treatment programs. All 50 support considering the critical demand programs relating to domestic violence, States receive some funding from this for emergency shelters, trained counsel­ as well as for a review and coordination program, and 30 States qualify for State ors, and legal advisers. of ongoing Federal, State, and local ef­ matching funds. Even more frustrating is the judicial forts designed to identify, prevent, and Legislation to extend and reauthorize system, which categorizes wife beating treat the problem. In addition, a national the Child Abuse Prevention and Treat­ as a low priority crime. State laws vary clearinghouse would be established to ment Act has passed the Senate and has widely, and women find themselves collect and distribute information on received the House Education and Labor shunted between civil, criminal, and domestic violence. Committee's approval for full House con­ family court--often advised not to press I am particularly pleased that this bill sideration. Enactment of the legislation charges at all. If the case is particularly would allow communities to deal with the is necessary to ensure that States and severe, the court may issue an injunction problems of battered women, with mini­ localities can continue to work for more forbidding the husband to attack his mal control or interference from the effective ways of protecting innocent wife for a certain period of time, usually Federal bureaucracy. The unique and children from parental maltreatment. no more than a year. If he violates the highly sensitive social and emotional CHILD PORNOGRAPHY order, the woman can start arrest pro­ complexities involved in domestic vio­ A related, but certainly more depraved ceedings. However, the husband is cus­ lence require special handling, which form of child abuse, involves the sexual tomarily released on his own recogni­ only those with training and experience exploitation of young children in por­ zance to return home, even more infuri­ are able to provide. nographic films and publications. With­ ated and violent. ABUSED CHILDREN in the last few months national atten­ In my own State of Wisconsin, wife When discussing the issue of family tion has focused on this facet of com­ battery is still considered a domestic violence, it is important to note that mercial sex with the introduction of 29898 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 Gene L. Goedker, Goedker Realty, Insur­ R. C. Coborn, Sr., Cobern's, Inc., 106 S. 1st several bills in Congress prohibiting the St., Sauk Rapids, Minnesota 56379. interstate sale and transportation of ance & Constr., Box 664, 514 E. 6th, Brainerd, Minnesota 56401. Marvin R. Campbell, Citizens State Bank, films and photographs which depict chil­ D. B . Madison, Pres., Brainerd Recreational 321 S. 7th St., Brainerd, Minnesota 56401. dren in sexual activities. Supply, Inc., P.O. Box 311, Brainerd, Min­ M. K. "Dutch" Cragun, Cragun's on Pine While the Federal Government is lim­ nesota 56401. Beach, Rt. 6, Box 484, Brainerd, Minnesota ited in developing legal prohibitions Larry G. Mankin, Brainerd Area Chamber 56 against child beating, Federal legislation of Commerce, 6th & Washington, Brainerd, ~;-id P. Benson, Arvid Benson Supply, 900 to discourage and prohibit child pornog­ Minnesota 56401. Maon Ave., Moorhead, Minnesota 56560. Norman Bertsch, Nelson Window & Glass, raphy is not only possible but necessary. T. J. McCollough, Gen. Mgr., The Brainerd Daily Dispatch, 215 S. 6th St., Brainerd, 303-N21 St., Moorhead, Minnesota 56560. Our society has tolerated a great deal Minnesota 56401. Edward A. Gudmunson, Moorhead Drug from the producers of "smut," but we Harvey Tanner, Pres., Tanner Motors, 217 Co., Moorhead Center Mall, Moorhead, Minne­ must draw the line when innocent chil­ Washington St., Brainerd, Minnesota 56401. sota 56560. dren become the subject of such deprav­ Leo Fraser, Crosslake Lbr. Co., Crosslake, David J. Hanson, Abbott, Arne, Schwidt, ity. Minnesota 56442. Inc., Business Hwy. #94 S., Moorhead Minne­ The bill I am cosponsoring today, the Dennis L. Anderson, Pine Manors, Inc., Rt. sota 56560. 2, Nevis, Minnesota 56467. Marvin L. Lanning, Browser Bookshop, Child Exploitation Prevention Act, pro­ Holiday Mall, Moorhead, Minnesota 56560. hibits the sexual exploitation of children Dr. Bottemiller, Homecrest Industries, Inc., Wadena, Minnesota 56482. Jacob Sigmund, S & S Construction Co., and the interstate transportation and Dan's "Friendly" Red Owl, 10-S. E . Aldrich 2215 12th Ave., s., Moorhead, Minnesota sale of photographs and films depicting N. 2022, Wadena, Minnesota 56482. 56 children in sexual activities. Any individ­ Leroy E. Anderson, Manufacturers Systems, ~:~es H. Stenerson, Stenerson Lumber, ual convicted of the crime or crimes 1702 1st Ave. N., Moorhead, Minnesota 65660. Inc., Box 703, Detroit Lakes, Minnesota 56501. R. M. Stordahl, Pres., Silverline, Div. of would be fined $25,000 or sentenced to Richard C. Dean, Red River Implt. Co., Arctic Entr., Inc., 2300 12th Ave. S., Moor­ 15 years in prison, or both. Hwy. 75 S., Breckenridge, Minnesota 56520. head Minnesota 56560. The House Education and Labor Com­ Les G Grosz, Pres, Farmers & Merchants D. E. Carlson, Bemidji Clinic Ltd., 6th & mittee is currently considering legisla­ State Bank of Breckenridge, 225 N. 5th St., Beltrami Ave., Bemidji, Minnesota 56601. Breckenridge, Minnesota 56520. tion in this area. I hope the committee Donald v . Eng, Dist. Mgr., Otter Tail Power Clinton Grove, Pres., Cosmos Enterprises, Co., 320 w. 4th St., Bemidji, Minnesota 56601. moves quickly to bring a bill before the Inc., 1213 Divisior:. E. Box 2013, Elbow Lake, full House. Our children deserve the c. D . Swedmark, Swedmark's Hardware Minnesota 56531. Hank, 324 Minn., Bemidji, Minnesota 56601. fullest protection of the law from those Robert M. Bigwood, Otter Tail Power Co., Sid Swedmark, Exec. V. P., Bemidji Area who would rob them of their innocence 215 S . Cascade, Fergus Falls, Minnesota 56537. Chamber of Commerce, Box 806--3rd Bemidji in order to gain profit. Richard L. Erickson, Holiday Inn. Hwy. Ave., Bemidji, Minnesota 56601. It is unfortunate that it has become 210 & I-94, Fergus Falls, Minnesota 56537. James J. Walker, Stewart & Walker, Inc., necessary for us to deal with these prob­ Don Luchman, H. L. OK Hardware. 120 W. 15th St. & Bemidji Ave., P. 0. Box 634, Cavour, Fergus Falls, Minnesota 56537. Bemidji, Minnesota 56601. lems through legislative action. However, George C. Milton, Arneson-L'uson-Milton, it is unconscionable for us to continue Nick A. Welle, Chr., First National Bank, 101 W. Lincoln, Fergus Falls, Minnesota Bemidji, Minnesota 56601. treating abused children and battered 56537. Harold L. Hanson, The First National women as problems beyond the scope of Kenneth E. Neumann, Partner, Ness, Neu­ Bank of Baudette, Drawer D, Baudette, legal control. Our criminal justice sys­ mann, Wallert & Nygaard, 115 N. Court St., Minnesota 56623. tem was designed to protect all individ­ Fergus Falls. Minnesota 56537. Shumway Oil Co., Inc., Oil Jobber, Hwy. uals from violence, regardless of the Chas. H . Peterson, Western Minn. Sav­ 5901 West, Thief River Falls, Minnesota ings & Loan Ass'n, 225 W. Cavour, Fergus 56701. source. And we, in turn, have an obliga­ Falls, Minnesota 5653M. tion to see that justice is carried out. Duane Walton, Pres., Mr. Duane's Inc., 214 B . K . Soby, Soby Construction, Inc., P.O. LaBree Ave., Thief River Falls, Minnesota Box 635, Fergus Falls, Minnesota 56537. 56701. Donald M . Bishop, Glenwood Super Valu, David G. Bang, Crookston Coca-Cola Bot­ GRASSROOTS SENTIMENT AGAINST 211 E. Minn. Ave., Glenwood, Minnesota. tling Co., 609 Martin Ave., Crookston, Minne­ CONSUMER AGENCY 56334. sota 56716. R. E. Gandrud, Pope County State B!lnk, Mr Joe French, Poly-Paos Processing 312 2 S. Franklin. Glenwood, Minnesota 56334. N. Broadway, Crookston, Minnesota 56716. HON. ARLAN STANGELAND Grant Hustad, Grant Hustad Co., Hwy. 29 Mrs. Chester E. Ramstad, Ramstad O .K. OF MINNESOTA & 55, Glenwood, Minnesota 56334. Hardware, 113 N. Broadwaf, Crookston, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Myrl J . Johnson, Glenwood Development Minnesota 56716. Corp, 414 E. Minn. Ave., Glenwood, Min­ Harold Thomforde, Crookston Chamber of Monday, September 19, 1977 nesota 56334. commerce, Thomforde's Garden Center, 109 Mr. STANGELAND. Mr. Speaker, in Donald L. Miller, City of Glenwood, City s. Main St., Crookston, Minnesota 56716. Hall, Glenwood, Minnesota 56334. the debate over the creation of a new Ivan Ferguson, Ivan Ferguson, Public Ac­ David A. Tostenson, Agent for State Farm countant, P.O. Box 460, East Gran Forks, consumer agency the views of the aver­ Ins. Cos., 12 S.E. 1st St., Glenwood, Minnesota Minnesota 56721. age citizen and small businessman has 56334. Jerry Larson, Pres., Red River Valley been overwhelmed by the highly polished I. J. Arnquist, Arnquist Home Center, Inc., Potatoe Growers Ass'n., P.O. Box 301, East and well financed votes of Ralph Nader Hoffman, Minnesota 56339. Grand Forks, Minnesota 56721. and other professional consumers. I feel Verle R. Hammer, Pres., Farmers State Marvin 0 . Mathiason, Farmers Elevator it is time for the people at the grassroots Bank of Hoffman, 103 Main St., Hoffman, Co., P .O. Box 152, East Grand Forks, Min­ level to be heard. These are the people Minnesota 56339. nesota 56721. who will ultimately bear the burden of a Leonard R. Green. Farmers Elevator of George Wikstrom, Jr., Wikstrom Tele­ new consumer advocacy agency either Kensington, Minn., Inc., Kensington, Min­ phone co .. Inc., 122 s. Main, Karlstad, Min­ through increased taxes or increased reg­ nesota 56343. nesota 56732. ulation and paperwork. Ray J. Calhoun, Pres., Little Falls Granite Rodney L. Norquist, Prior Electric Inc., The U.S. Chamber of Commerce has Works, Lock Box 240, Little Falls, Min­ 110 2d St. N.W., Roseau, Minnesota 56751. provided the opportunity for the grass­ nesot.\ 56345. R. c. Johnson, Pres., Farmers State Bank roots to be heard through a recent sur­ Roderick Grell, Sec. & Treas., Central-Mc­ of Stephens, Stephen, Minnesota 56757. Gcwan, Inc., P.O. Box 272, Little Falls, Min­ John R. Heneman, Pres., Security Bank of vey it conducted of its membership re­ nesota 56345. garding the creation of a new consumer Warroad, Warroad, Minnesota 56763. Willmar L. Holmquist, Lad 'N' Lassie, 113 Martin Haar, Pres., Alexandria Bank & agency. The Chamber's membership E. Broadway, Little Falls, Minnesota 56345. comprises a broad spectrum of American Trust Co., Alexandria, Minnesota 56308. W. R. Olson. Minn. Power & Light Co., 1201 Richard Hagstrom, Hagstrom's, 525 Broad­ firms, large and small. To date the Cham­ N.E. 11th St., Little Falls, Minnesota 56345. ber has received letters from 15,000 busi­ way, Alexandria, Minnesota 56308. T. J. Blais, Blais Motor Co., 114 Central nesses who oppose any new super agency J. w . Juettner, Schwartzwald, 3d & Maple, Ave., Long Prairie, Minnesota 56347. Alexandria, Minnesota 56308. for consumers. I insert in the RECORD the W. L. Peterson. Peterson's Variety, 267 Cen­ names of those companies from the James L. Roell, Pease's Champion Auto tral Ave., Long Prairie, Minnesota 56347. Stores, Inc .. 426 Broadway, Alexandria, Min­ Seventh District of Minnesota who have Pat Smith, Skogmo Dept. Store, 144 Cen­ nesota 56308. spoken out against this unwarranted tral Ave., Lone Prairie, Minnesota 56347. Leland Fashaug, Pres., Viking Office Sup­ growth in a government that is already Virgil G. Mitzger, Homer's Lounge, 306 E. ply, Inc., 614 Broadway, Alexandria, Minne­ too big: Main St., Melrose, Minnesota 56352. sota 56308. September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29899 COLOR IT GREEN Second. The Clinch River project is ex­ in danger of short supply. I refer to clean pensive, but so is all energy plant devel­ water. opment work. Clinch River is estimated Not only can we see shortages of clean HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE at $2.2 billion less anticipated revenues of water for drinking and industrial use, OF TEXAS $700 million. The cost of Clinch River but we also are encountering problems in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is $4 million per megawatt of installed disposing of wastewater products. Monday, September 19, 1977 capacity, compared to the $10 million Now, research by Dr. Wade Nutter of price tag of the solar electric power tow­ the University of Georgia has resulted in Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, the Clinch er in California. a new method of purifying wastewater River breeder reactor project has been Third. As for economics, Clinch River for reuse, which gives us fertilizer as a criticized from every conceivable point is the only inexhaustible dependable byproduct. of view. The only thing left to criticize is energy source that is ready for develop­ Ms. Lee Pilgrim has written an inter­ the color we intend to paint it. First it ment. As expendable supplies; oil, natu­ esting account of this proces::; for the was proliferation, then cost benefit, then ral gas and uranium are depleted, their university's research publication, Col­ location, then design, and then value. I price will rise dramatically. The life cycle umns, and I insert it to be reprinted in am beginning to believe the argument cost of a breeder compared to the life the Extensions of Remarks: itself has become the issue--not the sub­ cycle cost of a coal fired or conventional No REASON FOR WASTING WASTEWATER, SHOWS stance. nuclear plant is extremely favorable. PROFESSOR My comments to these arguments are: When coal prices rise to $50 per ton and Fitting right into t he national mood that A. The opposition argues, a vote against uranium to $70 per pound the breeder nothing should go to waste-not even waste­ Clinch River was not a vote against the wins. From the standpoint of economics, wat er-a university forest resources profes­ breeder. the breeder is far superior to every other sor has designed a treatment system which uses sewage to irrigate land, naturally fer­ First. A vote against Clinch River is a option since it produces its own fuel. It vote against the entire breeder program tilizing the soil and flushing out bacteria is not dependent on mining, or drilling or along the way. and is a vote against putting the Nation finding new mineral deposits. It is the in a position to have power in the future The product is as inoffensive as a mountain stability that the breeder brings to the stream. when there could be no other option. energy supply stream in comparison to Dr. Wade Nutter is a pioneer in the rela­ Second. ERDA's liquid metal breeder OPEC oil and other unreliable sources tively new technology of wastewater treat­ program has been carefully scheduled that make the breeder economically ment which started about 15 years ago at since 1965 to properly integrate compo­ superior. Penn State Univers ity where he was a gradu­ nent research into subsystem research D. The opposition has contended that ate student. Now Nutter is Georgia's expert and finally into a complete system. That commercial breeder technology will be in the field. system is the Clinch River project. The Municipalities are required by federal law neither necessary nor economical in this to discharge pollution -free wast ewat er back timin6 of Clinch River is critical. It country until after 2000. into streams and rivers. Some 20 Georgia makes little sense to say, "We are putting Mr. Speaker, I certainly agree with municipalit ies are considering or already more money in to breeder research, even that statement. Commercial breeders h ave a syst em for t reating sewage effluent by without Clinch River, than any other cannot be available in any significant land application. Engineers have depended foreign country." We would be, but that number before that time assuming that on Nut ter's research and experience for help would be wasting money to further per­ we go ahead with Clinch River right in planning most of the projects . fect individuai components before we had One method of t reatment is a n expensive now. I am glad that the opposition real­ advanced wastewater treat ment. The second the operational data from Clinch River. izes they will be necessary and economi­ method is called land treatment because the The evolutionary process of intelligently cal after 2000. effluent is applied to the land via irrigation building, step by step, on experience E. Supposedly there will be ample time before it runs into the stream. gained at each level, from the laboratory The purpose of such treatment is to rid bench to full scale systems, has success­ to build a modern breeder reactor using the effluent of contaminants like n itrogen fully been used in aircraft, automotive, up-to-date research knowledge. and phosphorus which remain in sewage even space craft, computers and every other This position is highly risky and dan­ aft er it has undergone primary t reat ment to modern development. I .B.M. has success­ gerous on two counts. First, there will not remove bacteria. Spilling t h e water over the be ample time to develop the breeder land allows plants to take up and use the fully developed generation after genera­ chemicals as fertilizing, one step in a complex tion of computer systems, but had they once we awaken to the seriousness of the It 10 combination of natural processes that work continued putting their money into energy shortage. now takes years to together to purify the water before it con­ memory research, instead of developing license and build a conventional plant of verges with the stream. complete systems, I.B.M. would no longer proven design and it will require more "Wat er dis::harged into streainS after mov­ be in the computer business. than one breeder to contribute to the ing through t he soil is equivalent in almost B. The opposition contends that R. & D. energy supply stream. By contrast, the every way to rainwater," Nutter explained. funds in fiscal year 1978 will insure that OPEC countries can shut the oil off in "It requires the same t reatment we would work will continue on two important the time it takes to make one conference give normal streamwater to meet drinking phone call. water standards." breeder R . & D. projects, the Experimen­ Among the recycling benefits, he cited land tal Breeder Reactor II in Idaho, and the Mr. Speaker, I suggest, we consider site improvement and increased growth of Fast Flux Test Facility in Washington. Clinch River for what it is, a vital step crops or forests without the expense of First. The Experimental Breeder Reac­ in arming this Nation against a poten­ fertillzing. tor II in Idaho is 13 years old. Although tial economic nightmare. If in the year But public acceptance, he said, "seems to it is still being used to perform certain ahead, we find a better option, let us be the biggest stumbling block for land use it. In the meantime, let us authorize treatment. research, it--in itself-is not the item " No matter how much people read about that is being developed. It is a tool to $150 million for next year's effort to pro­ it, they really don't believe it is acceptable use to develop other parts. vide project continuity. until they see it in operation. They expect a Second. The Fast Test Facility in Let us color it green and keep going. foul odor and plenty of mosquitoes." Washington is not a breeder. It is to be Nutter's first Georgia project, however, has a fuel test facility to develop breeder already made a believer out of state officials fuels for the future. who are now adopting the system in their SHORTAGE OF CLEAN WATER municipalities. C. Clinch River has been cited as being Nutter's model system was developed at out of date, expensive and uneconomical. Unicoi State Park in the north Georgia First. Both Germany and Japan are HON. DOUG BARNARD mountains. It started in 1973 as a research project approved by Gov. Jiminy Carter. using the same design concept as Clinch OF GEORGIA Nutter and colleagues from several other River. The design of Clinch River is one IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fields wanted to investigate the biological of two most advanced competing liquid Monday, September 19, 1977 and physical impact on the forest land. The metal breeder concepts. If the design is study involves local conditions such as cli­ out of date, what newer model is avail­ Mr. BARNARD. Mr. Speaker, as we mate, vegetation, soil, geology and topog­ able? Why has not Germany or Japan approach the many problems of a grow­ raphy, as well as wastewater constituents. stopped construction of their Clinch ing population in the United States, one - If the system proved feasible, they planned River size plants? of the most basic of man's needs appears to develop guidelines for the mountain forest 29900 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977

conditions which could be adapted to other impact" statements cannot be mandated up soft drinks, eschew those steaks and eat regions of the state. Then they hoped to for all Federal food programs. more vegetables, skimmed milk and fish. make the Unicoi system a demonstration The booming diet-book business and the project for a yet uncommon practice. As chairman of the Agriculture Sub­ "natural foods" movement suggest these The team especially wanted to impress committee on Domestic Marketing, Con­ warnings are being heard. But how well they municipal officers, engineers and state offi­ sumer Relations and Nutrition, I have are being heeded is another matter. Many cials. They did. called for extensive hearings to study of us like some foods too much to give them "The state now recognizes land treatment Federal efforts in nutrition education. up. Even gender is involved. One nutrition­ as a viable alternative and the system is Beginning September 27 and 28, my sub­ ist observes that women seem to prefer choc­ being encouraged whenever it fits the situ­ olate. Surveys by a chicken-industry trade ation," Nutter said. committee will call upon consumer wit­ group show that men don't find eating that The state 1s also making efforts to educate nesses for their evaluation of national bird "manly." And nutritionist Jean Mayer, engineers and consultants. Last month Nut­ nutrition education efforts. Then, on president of Tufts University, believes that ter conducted seminars for state engineers October 6, representatives of the depart­ "the more men sit at their desks, the more to help them evaluate system proposals. ments and agencies administering nutri­ they need reassurance of their maleness by Clayton County wlll begin construction tion programs will be called upon to tell eating red meat. It is the motorcycle of the next year of a system designed by Nutter -us how they think they are meeting the middle-aged." and a team composed of agronomists, soil needs of consumers. DINING AND DYING scientists, cllmatologists, geologists, foresters, Moreover, despite the concern with the hydrologists and engineers. The system wm As part of our continuing hearings, the subcommittee will call upon representa­ state of the nation's eating habits, experts be the largest in the country operating year­ st111 can't agree on what kind of diet will round. tives of the food industry to evaluate permit healthy persons to stay that way, or Nutter is also helping plan a system for their efforts in providing adequate nutri­ what normal people should eat to function Watkinsville, which will be of special interest tion information for consumers. The sub­ best at work and play. Only recently, for in­ to him because the emuent wlll be used to committee will also conduct field hear­ irrigate the university's White Hall Forest stance, have medical investigators begun to near Athens. ings to provide us with information about pin down evidence linking the way we dine the reach of such programs at the com­ with some of the ways we die. munity level. Inquiries into how our personalities and our behavior are affected by food are also Mr. Speaker, the Wall Street Journal just getting underway. This area of research FEDERAL NUTRITION PROGRAMS A recently ran a series on food and nutri­ represents one of "the new frontiers of nu­ SHAMBLES tion. It provides an excellent overview trition," says George Briggs, a nutrition sci­ of American eating habits, highlighting entist at the University of Call!ornia at many issues that will be raised during Berkeley. "The end result may be a health­ HON. FREDERICK W. RICHMOND our hearings. During the next 4 days, I ier, more productive society." OF NEW YORK would like to share this series with my Technology plays a big role in what we do eat these days. Industry's ab111ty to pre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES colleagues as we take these initial steps toward providing a reliable foundation serve and transport foods has brought Bos­ Monday, September 19, 1977 ton scrod to Dallas and put tomatoes on Chi­ of information upon which we can plan, cago tables in Inidwinter. Mass merchan­ Mr. RICHMOND. Mr. Speaker, human coordinate, and communicate a sound dizing helps too. Consider the taco, which health problems have gained increasing national nutrition policy: 10 years ago was practically unheard of importance in recent years. And as more [From the Wall Street Journal, June 16, outside the Southwest. Now that the Mexi­ and more Americans realize the risks of 1977] can border fare has captured the interest of disease, they are demanding informa­ THE WAY WE EAT-AMERICAN DIETS TODAY !a.st-food entrepreneurs, "tacos are sta.ndard tion about the food they eat and are ARE HIGH IN PROTEINS, FATS AND CONTROVERSY food across the country," says Helen Ull­ beginning to recognize the interrelated­ rich, executive director of the Society for (By Joann S. Lublin) Nutrition Education. ness of good nutrition and good health. When it comes to eating, Roy F. Northrop THE PRICE OF PROGRESS The Federal Government, as a na­ 1s all-American. Dining recently at a restaurant near his At the same time, regional and cultural tional reservoir of knowledge, should dltferences in our eating habits are begin­ play a vital role in providing the Ameri­ home in Acton, Mass., the 40-year-old stock­ broker skipped the homemade bean soup and ning to disappear. That may be simply the can public with nutrition information. salad bar in favor of a draft beer and four price of progress. However, Richard de In an effort to evaluate the effectiveness pieces of buttered bread. Then he ate a rare, Rochemont, coauthor of "Eating in Amer­ of the Government's nutrition education 10-ounce steak and a baked potato sprinkled ica," a history of the nation's gas· efforts, I recently requested the Con­ wi~h salt and topped with whipped butter. tronomy, argues that it also means Amer· gressional Research Service to investi­ For dessert, he had coffee with cream and a icans' tastebuds are "infinitely less varied gate the scope and functions of Federal large dish of chocolate ice cream. than they used to be." The problem, he programs. . The slightly overweight Mr. Northrop or­ says, is that the widesprea.d use of sugar ers a similar meal whenever he goes out. "I'd and salt in prepared and frozen foods "tends The final CRS document, "The Role of be very happy to eat the same things for­ to level things out," making people less in­ the Federal Government in Nutrition ever," he declares. terested in eating foods with other tastes. Education," reports there are at least So, apparently, would most of us. Since the Bland though it might be, our diet today 30 federally operated nutrition educa­ beginning of this century, American patterns 1s suspected to be a factor in such illnesses tion programs in the United States op­ of food consumption have changed radically. a.s heart disease, cancer, stroke, dia.betes, erated by 11 agencies within two depart­ But although we are heavier than ever be­ hardening of the arteries and cirrhosis of ments. Only 14 of these governmental fore-at least 20% of us carry more weight the liver. Specifically, scientists believe that units can identify the portion of their than our physiques require-we don't eat any meats and dairy products, which are high in more than we used to. Rather, it's the com­ both saturated fats and wax-like cholesterol, budget which is actually expended on ponents of the national dinner plate that are seem to lead to the buildup of fatty deposits nutrition education. The report further different. The average American today con­ in arteries. When these deposits block a notes that these programs are largely sumes proportionately more meat, dairy heart artery, a heart attack occurs; a uncoordinated, underfunded and mis­ products, eggs, salt and sugar than his turn­ clogged artery to the brain ca.uses a stroke. directed, resulting in efforts that lack of-the-century counterpart. And he eats less Other researchers are trying to deter­ clear goals, firm resolve, or a workable vegetables, fruits and grain products. Inine exactly how eating habits play a role strategy. This regimen, high in protein as well as !at in the nearly 400,000 annual cancer cases and colesterol, is controversial. It ha.s, in the suspected to be related to nutrition. One Mr. Speaker, it is time we ask why we opinion of some authorities, increased our theory: animal-ht-laden foods may trigger cannot create coordinating mechanisms average height and lowered the age at which release of tiny amounts of cancer-causing to gather information about our nutri­ we reach sexual maturity. Others, however, substances in the colon as well as upset the tion programs and search for ways to are alarmed by the contrast between this en­ delicate balance of hormones in the breast. integrate and improve these programs; riched fare and the sedentary lives we lead Cancers of the colon may also be related .why we cannot agree on educational ob­ these days. "Rather than eating well, most to our diet's hck of fibers, the tough struc­ jectives and devise means for measuring people are eating themselves to ill health," tural portion of vegetables that's often lost their implementation; why we cannot states D. Mark Hegsted, professor or nutri­ during proceesing and cooking. Experts tion at Harvard University. use our extensive commercial, techno­ think that these fibers somehow dilute can­ Many physicians and nutritionists, in fact, cer-causing cheinicals in the intestine while logical, and artistic resources in both urge that we change our way of eating. A aiding elimination. But, concedes one food the public and private sectors to convey recent U.S. Senate committee report on the researcher, "we don't even know yet what it concise, practical and memorable nutri­ subject went so far a.s to recommend that is" in fibrous foods that seems to benefit the tional messages; and why "nutritional every fam.lly throw out the salt shaker, give digestive system. September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29901 Little is known about how to treat dis­ Another popular theory holds that an in­ death penalty remained unused. The pri­ eases wrought by overnutrition. However, a adequate supply of vitamins, minerals and mary obstacle has been the U.S. Su­ recent test conducted by a University of nutrients can wreak biochemical havoc in the Southern California team indicates for the minds of adults, causing everything from preme Court. States watched helplessly first time that fatty deposits in arteries can schizophrenia to headaches. The answer, pro­ as their death penalty statutes were de­ be reduced by restricting diet and providing ponents believe, is magavitamin therapy; clared unconstitutional. special medication. Especially intriguing is there are about 800 orthomolecular psychia­ Now the tide has turned. Aided by a the work of Procter & Gamble Co. research­ trists-physicians who practice the mega­ more favorable court decision, Ameri­ ers, who may have found a way for people vitamin discipline-in the U.S. who treat cans across the Nation are pushing for to lower their cholesterol intake without rad­ patients with up to 200 times the normal restoration of the death penalty. And ically changing what they eat. dosages of some vitamins and minerals. their elected officials are responding. The key in this instance is sucrose pol­ Adherents of the theory are enthusiastic yester, a noncaloric synthetic with the about its potential. Megavitamin therapy One of the biggest victories for the cooking properties of vegetable oil. For 10 "roughly doubles the recovery rate from men­ proponents of capital punishment recent­ days, the Procter & Gamble researchers fed tal illness in general," claims Dr David Haw­ ly occurred in the State of California. In 13 normal volunteers meals loaded with kins, medical director of the North Nassau August of this year, the legislature over­ eggs, butter and other cholesterol-raising Mental Health Center in Manhasset, N.Y. rode Governor Brown's veto and passed foods. The subjects' cholesterol levels should Such "supernutrition" can help ordinary peo­ a measure restoring the death penalty. have skyrocketed by the end of the period; ple "reach their potential in life," adds Dr. I am encouraged by this trend. I have instead, they dropped 14% . The reason, the H. L. Newbold, a New York psychiatrist. long supported capital punishment as a researchers believe, is that their foods were For instance, Dr. Newbold, who pops 10 cooked with sucrose polyester. grams of vitamin C dally to stay in shape, legitimate crime control measure. Dur­ It's too early to tell if these findings had one 57-year-old patient who kept losing ing this session of Congress I am spon­ mean we will be able to improve our health his memory. The psychiatrist concluded the soring House Joint Resolution 30, a con­ by gorging on greasy hamburgers and man wasn't getting enough vitamin B12, so stitutional amendment specifically up­ cheese omlets. Nonetheless, the synthetic is he prescribed large doses of the substance. holding the power of a State or Congress a "potentially remarkable, extraordinary improving the man's recall. Dr. Hawkins says to impose the death penalty for any compound," says Dr. Charles J. Glueck, di­ he treated a schizophrenic who had high crime involving the deliberate taking of rector of the University of Cincinnati's Clini­ levels of copper in her hair and urine by cal Research Center and a participant in the placing the woman on a diet low in copper human life. This would free death pen­ Procter & Gamble study. and high in zinc and vitamins B6 and B7. alty statutes from further court chal­ lenges. SKIMPY DIETS BLAMED "She improvel in six weeks and went home," he reports. For the information of my colleagues Skimpy diets, the bane of Depression-era Critics charge that the megavitamin advo­ I am including a story from the San Americans, still affect some of us. The aca­ cates have failed to test scient ifically the demic failure of many poor schoolchildren Francisco Chronicle on the restoration theory's merit. "Unless they have hard evi­ of the death penalty in California: for instance, ls partly blamed on a lack of dence, they shouldn't make claims, ·• cont ends nutritious food. Some say this malnutrition Dr. Morris A. Lipton, psychiatry professor a t STATE DEATH PENALTY Is LAW-BROWN VETO is severe enough to inflict brain damage, but the University of North Carolina's medical OVERRIDDEN other experts disagree. Made sluggish by school. Other physicians point out that gulp­ (By Larry Liebert) iron deficiencies, these children "score ing down large doses of certain vi tam ins can SACRAMENTo.-Death is again a penalty for poorly on intelligence tests because of low cause harmful side effects, such as kidney murder in California. energy rather than because of direct effects s t ones. At 3 :02p.m . yesterday, the Assembly voted on the brain," says Michael C. Latham, a There appears to be independent support to override Governor Brown's veto of a meas­ professor at Cornell University's Graduate for at least one aspect of the megavitamin ure to restore the death penalty. School of Nutrition. theory, however, and that involves the way Like the Senate in June, the Assembly Scientists have only a glimmer of under­ the brain responds to some foods. Until 1970, yesterday mustered just the two-thirds mar­ standing about how food affects moods. But scientists believed that the brain was pro­ gin needed to override a veto. The vote was they are beginning to explore the connection tected from blood-level variations in the in­ 54 to 26. between diet and at least two areas of be­ take of amino acids, which make up all pro­ It was the first time one of Brown's vetoes havior: hyperactivity in children and emo­ tein. Then Massachuset ts Institut e of Tech­ was overridden-and only the third success­ tional and mental disorders in adults. nology investigators discovered t hat amino ful override in 31 years. "Wall climbers," or temperamental chil­ a cids might indeed affect t he output of brain S t::l.te officials said any murder committed dren who have trouble sleeping, learning chemicals. after the moment of the Assembly's action and sitting still, are said to number at least Specifically, they found that when rats could be subject to the penalty if it fell 1.5 million, or 5 % of all U.S. schoolchildren. were fed a diet containing unusually small within the new law's specified categories of In 1973, a San Francisco allergist, Dr. Ben­ amounts of tryptophan. a key amino acid, homicides. jamin F. Feingold, suggested that this hy­ the animals' brains produced less of one The gas chamber at San Quentin prison peractivity could be due to the artificial brain chemical, serotonin. As this outout fell, has not been used since 1967 because past dyes and colors found in dozens of foods. He the rats be~an to act meaner and more sensi­ death penalty statutes were ruled uncon­ kept his hyperactive patients away from tive to pain. Fluctuations in serot onin also stitutional by the courts. more than 50 items, ranging from bologna to seemed to influence the animals' sleep habits, Opponents of the death penalty already ice cream, and observed that more than half appetite and l'ex drive. have vowed to go to court again t o prevent the youngsters began to calm down. The researchers now believe the human the law p assed yesterday from reopening the brain may react in the same way. Will they "A JOY TO BE AROUND" apple-green gas chamber. come up with diets tailored to soecific activ­ The governor learned of the Assembly's ac­ Since then, word of the diet ha.s spread ities ~uch as sex. sleery ann work? "We can't tion in Los Angeles, at his Space Day sym­ among parents of hyperactive children­ do that now," says Loy Little, a l'sociate pro­ there are now 100 "Feingold Associations" posium. He said: "I'm not surprised. I don't fessor of pharmacology at M.I .T . " Someday believe in the deat h penalty, but the Legisla­ in 25 states-and many swear by its effec­ we may be able to." tiveness. One is Eugene Kuehnau of ture has spoken and now it's up to t he courts. Schaumburg, Ill., who decided to try the "As long as it is a valid law, I will carry regimen on her five-year-old son, Kenny, af­ out my responsibilities to uphold it," said ter medication failed to stop his series of an­ Brown, whose opposition to the death pen­ gry fits. Since she removed flavored and CAPITAL PUNISHMENT MAKES A alty may hurt him politically when he runs dyed foods from Kenny's diet over a year COMEBACK for re-election next year. ago, his behavior has been "just unbeliev­ Brown had previously said he would not able," Mrs. Kuehnau says. "He listens to issue a blanket pardon t o void all death sen­ directions. He's a joy to be around instead HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK tences under a capital punishinent law but has not indicated how he will handle in­ of a pain." OF OHIO dividual cases. Physician organizat ions, such as the Amer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES F or more than an hour yesterday, Assembly ican Medical Association and the American Monday, September 19, 1977 members debated life and death, crime and Academy of Pediatrics, remain skeptical punishment, invoking the Bible, their own about Dr. Feingold's hypothesis. Several fed­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, capital consciences and the will of vot ers who over­ erally funded exoeriments. under way in punishment is making a strong come­ whelmingly favor capital punishment. Pittsburgh and Madison, Wis., are attempt­ back in this country. Under pressure from When Governor Brown vetoed the death ing to compare children on the Feingold diet their constituents, legislators in State penalty in May, he called his action " a mat ter with those who eat the usual childhood foods. after State are voting for a return of the of conscien ce" and said his hope is for "a Results so far suggest that at best, artificial society where we do not at tempt t o use death food colors can trigger hyperactivity in a death penalty. a s a punishment." small proportion of youngsters for a few This is a sharp reversal of the previous On the Assembly floor, Assemblyman hours at a time. trend. For approximately a dee;ade the Alister McAlister (Dem-San Jose), who was 29902 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 carrying the death penalty override effort, hippies or racial minorities who happen not moneys is a common problem in other responded: "A civilization that lacks the will to be in fa.vor .. . Would t hat too be justified HUD-insured public housing, and, if so, to protect itself against the barbarians with­ as the will of the people?" in its walls is a decadent society." But other legislators debated the justice or what can be done to prevent it in the McAlister insisted the death penalty deters effectiveness of the death penalty. future. "heinous murders" and "is a just penalty Among opponents, Assemblyman Howard In the Rockdale apartments case, the for those persons who show so little regard Berman (Dem.-L.A.), said the death penalty taxpayers invested $4.3 million in build­ for their fellow human beings as to commit creates "a false hope, an illusion that people ings not fit for human habitation. At the atrocious crimes for which the death will somehow be more secure." the time the order was given to de­ penalty is provided by this legislation." And Assemblyman John Vasconcellos molish-just 6 years after its construc­ California's previous death penalty statute (Dem.-San Jose), said the death penalty ob­ was ruled unconst itutional last year by the scures the real issue. "How in fact do we dis­ tion, I want to emphasize-it was esti­ state Supreme Court because it failed to give cover how to create a gentler society?" he mated that it would take $1.4 million juries leeway to consider mitigat ing circum­ asked. "How in fact do we overcome the vio­ to rehabilitate the units in order for stances before handing down a punishment lence that threatens all of us?" them to meet the Atlanta housing code of death. But McAlister said such hopes to root out standards. The law passed yesterday permits juries to the deeper causes of crime may never be The U.S. attorney's letter is a devas­ weigh mitigating and aggravating circum­ realized. tating indictment of the practices which stances before choosing between death and "There are people who for whatever reason an alternative punishment of life imprison­ do terrible things," he said. "Was it wrong to brought about this fiasco, pointing out ment without possibility of parole. execute the Nazi war criminals? ... Would its structural deficiencies, inevitable de­ The new law does not apply to all murders, it have been wrong to execute Adolf Hitler? terioration and vandal-ridden desolation only certain categories. Among the categories Was there any conceivable hope for rehabili­ so utter and complete that its tenants subject to death are : torture-murder and tation of people of that kind?" for the most part had long since fled murder-for-hire, killing of a policeman or the premises prior to demolition. witness to a crime, murder during a rape, Just as serious are the allegations robbery or kidnapping; multiple murders; murder by explosive and perjury that results that, had the statute of limitations not in death of an innocent defendant. HUD PROJECT DEBACLE COSTS expired, there would have been grounds Yesterday's Assembly action was rich In TAXPAYER MILLIONS for prosecution. There are also allega­ political implications because opinion polls tions of kickbacks and collusion. and a ballot initiative have shown voters in HON. ELLIOTT H. LEVITAS My main concern about this disaster the state overwhelmingly favor the death includes an impression that nobody in penalty. OF GEORGIA HUD seemed to be terribly upset about Republicans are certain to use the issue IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES next year against those Democrats-includ­ this situation when I first brought it to ing Brown and some legislators-who oppose Monday, September 19, 1977 their attention. The correspondence and capital punishment. Few Republican officials Mr. LEVITAS. Mr. Speaker, I wish to contacts seemed to show that this waste­ oppose the deat h oenalty. call to the attention of the Members of ful boondoggle was accepted-albeit re­ Legislators confirmed that Brown did vir­ the House a matter which has cost the grettably-as the normal, routine way of tually nothing to lobby against the Assem­ American taxpayer millions of dollars life and HUD personnel seemed prepared bly's override of his veto. The governor said it to move on to the next fiasco. I was out­ would not be appropriate to pressure law­ in waste and/or fraudulent loss. It con­ makers on such an issue, but critics specu­ cerns the demolition of a HUD-insured raged by this situation, and I thought lated that Brown preferred to have his veto housing project, the Rockdale Apart­ they should be, too. overrlden rather than to !ace a ballot initia­ ments, in Atlanta, Ga., a mere 6 years Throughout my concern with this mat­ tive on the death penalt y in next year's after its construction. This affair dem­ ter, I have been encouraged and sup­ election. onstrates again how the bureaucracy ported by our colleagues, Congressmen The prime sponsors o! the death penalty has failed to properly implement impor­ BOLAND and ASHLEY. I have asked each n1easure were two legislators who hope to run of them to read the letter from the U.S. !or attorney general next year, McAlister and tant programs and failed to monitor and Senator George Deukmejian (Rep-Long safeguard properly the taxpayers' invest­ attornev and to draw their own conclu­ Beach.) ments in these programs. sions. It is clear that a thorough and Attorney General Evelle Younger, who complete congressional investigation of wants the Republican nominat ion for gov­ In August 1976, after seeing newspaper the entire matter is warranted, with the ernor next year, praised t he death pen alty's stories on the destruction of the 6-year­ hope that problems of this sort can be enactment and said. "We now have a law old project. I asked the Secretary of avoided in the future so that the tax­ which, if it is carried out, will help save Housing and Urban Development Carla paying American public is not victimized innocent lives." Hills, to make a thorough investigation of again in this way; so that the people The Assembly action was also historic be­ how this could have happened. After who should benefit from this program by cause a governor's veto is so r arely overridden, several months of delay, the Secretary especially by a Legislature controlled by the having decent housing will not be vic­ governor's own party, as is now the case. finally ordered the Inspector General of timized: and so that public confidence (The last two overrides occurred when Gov­ HUD to make a thorough investigation can be restored. ernor Earl Warren vetoed an appropriation to of the matter. That investigation took I would hope that any other of my local governments in 1946 and when Gover­ over 6 months to complete. After it was colleagues who are aware of such prob­ nor Ronald Reagan vetoed a bill giving the completed, the report was sent to the lems in their own districts, will make all Legislature the final say in the shutting down U.S. attorney in Atlanta for review. o! stat e mental hospitals in 1974.) such information available to the able McAllster told his colleagues : "The Legis­ Although I have not yet acquired a chairman of the two committees so that lature has been unduly deferential to our re­ copy of the Inspector General's report, a com~lete review of HUD related prob­ spective governors . . . Most of us received far I have seen an analysis of that report by lems can be undertaken. more votes in our districts than the gover­ the U.S. attorney for the northern dis­ nor. Our ultimate responsibility is not to the trict of Georgia. Because of the shocking governor but to the people a r. d to our con­ conclusions of the U.S. attorney, I have science." asked our colleagues, Congressman CONTINUING CRISIS IN FOSTER He also attacked the courts for "judicial arrogance" in rejecting past death penalty EDWARD BOLAND, chairman of the Ap­ CARE statutes. propriations Subcommittee on HUD and But much of the debate probed a basic Independent Agencies, and Congressman philosophical question : Is a legislator's duty THOMAS ASHLEY, chairman of the Hous­ HON. GEORGE MILLER to a public that favors capital punishment or ing Subcommittee on Banking, Finance OF CALIFORNIA t o his own conscience, which may be revolted and Urban Affairs, to conduct a full con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by the idea o! official kill1ng? gressional investigation into the specific Assemblyman Stan Statham (Rep.-Chico) Monday, September 19, 1977 said a vote against the death penalty repre­ problems in the Atlanta project, and sented "audacity" and "immoral1ty" because more importantly, into the problems Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. " you're going against the will of the people." within the Department of Housing ~·.nd Speaker, over 3 months ago, the House Assemblyman Barry Keene (Dem.-Elk) re­ Urban Development which enabled such passed H.R. 7200, the most far-reaching sponded, "If there were a maJority view in a debacle to occur. I want to know reform of foster care and adoption in' this country to execute as •anim·als' gays or if such abuse of the public trust and the Nation's history . .The case for these September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29903 reforms was strongly made before the long public discusssion of these issues, in Foster care is supposed to be a temporary Ways and Means Committee, and the which the House, the Senate, the admin­ expedient. designed primarily to reunite chil­ dren with their biological family. Five years full House, on the basis of several major istration and I have been engaged for ago a Newsday article on foster care showed reports recently completed which docu­ several years, have all pointed to the that many children remain in foster care ment the terrible financial and human great need for remedial legislation na­ homes or institutions for most of their child­ expense of the present system. tionwide. H.R. 7200 represents the great­ hood. Little has changed since then. Children One of the very best of these studies est hope for foster children and their remain in foster care for too many years, was prepared by the New York City parents in over 40 years. Counties, like often moved around like chips on a checker­ Comptroller's Office. It showed that the Alameda, and States also require the board. added assistance which the bill would Foster children are frequently not visited failure to provide appropriate services by their parents, sometimes because agencies and periodic reviews of children in foster pro,vide in order to expand the preventive place them in distant foster homes. Too care frequently led to prolonged and service programs and the accountability often, the agencies responsible for them make needless placement, to the detriment of procedures which will reduce the need weak efforts to work with their parents and the child, his natural family, and the for foster care, and reduce its duration. return them home or discharge them to taxpayers who subsidize this system. In the 3 months since House passage, interested relatives. For those who have no Comptroller Goldin reported, in fact, the administration has produced a bill realistic hope of returning home, the agen­ cies are often slow to free them for adoption that nearly two-thirds of the children of its own, and the Senate Finance Com­ or to recruit adoptive parents. in foster care in New York had spent an mittee has endorsed similar provisions. As the case of William illustrates, long­ average of 5% years too long in place­ The children of this Nation cannot wait term foster care is frequently harmful to the ment, at a cost of $23,000,000. long for final passage of this largely non­ emotional health of children, who need a Other studies, by the General Account­ controversial bill, which virtually every­ feeling of stab111ty and belonging that only a ing Office, the Department of Health, Ed­ one knowledgeable in the field agrees permanent home can provide, whether with ucation, and Welfare, the Regional In­ will lead to an improved foster care sys­ their biological or adoptive parents. Foster tem, and greater permanency for chil­ care is also inordinately costly to the tax­ stitute of Social Welfare Research, as payer. The current national price tag is at well as the record of hearings before the dren in crisis. I call upon the Senate to the $1 billion level. In Nassau and Suffolk House and Senate committees, have approve swiftly this legislation, before Counties alone, more than $14 million was shown that the conclusions reached in another year passes, and tens of thou­ budgeted on foster care for the current fiscal the New York City study accurately rep­ sands of additional children needlessly year. The cost per child averages close to resent the foster care crisis across the enter, and often become locked into, the $6,000. In New York City, basic care costs are country. Similarly, demonstration pro­ foster care system, a tremendous expense considerably higher-almost $8,000 per child. grams in the areas of preventive andre­ to the public treasury, and at tragic costs Reuniting a child with his or her family is to themselves and their families. not only better for the child but also saves unification services and periodic review taxpayers money. And subsidized adoption by of placemer.t have proven their capaci­ The articles follow: low and middle-income families typically ties, in a number of cities from New York (From Newsday magazine, Aug. 9, 1977] costs less than half of what is annually ex­ to Nashville and San Francisco, for THE FOSTER CARE MESS pended for a child in foster care. Agency practices differ sharply with respect dramatically reducing the need for foster (By George H. Strauss) care, and its duration. to foster care versus adoption. Consequently, W1lliam was a healthy 7-year-old when he many Long Islanders are the subjects of dis­ Soon, the full Senate will consider H.R. was placed in a foster home in 1971 by a crimination. On the one hand, New York 7200, which includes some o.f the critical foster care agency in the New York-Long City agencies have more than 1,500 New York incentives for tJreventive service and ac­ Island area. His parents were separated. His children placed in foster homes and institu­ countability contained in the House bill father drank heavily and his mother was on tions in Nassau and Suffolk Counties. But and endorsed by the Carter administra­ welfare, legally blind and unable to care for when Long Island families wish to adopt tion in S. 1928 Evelyn Reed, the wife of George ities and the bodies almost lose identity. was the official representative of the But a single wanton murder can still stand Fourth International's International Ex­ Novack; Hattie McCutcheon, an SWP out. The book tells of a Communist soldier ecutive Committee Peter Camejo, of the SWP National Com­ He was useless to society. It is better !or mittee and supporter of the future use him to die." bin while his comrade Udry from Swit­ It began in April, 1975, with the fall o! zerland was called Duret> . of terrorism. the besieged capital o! Phnom Penh to the Other foreign Trotskyite leaders at­ On Sunday, August 7, the convention Khmer Rouge. The !earful populace waved tending included Chikara Sasaki, a was opened by John Hawkins, who out­ white fiags of greeting to the invaders, hop­ leader of the Japanese section who under lined for the delegates the procedures to ing for the best. Instead, in the name o! the revolutionary alias "Sakai" is a noted be followed. He was followed by SWP "Angka Loeu" [Organization On High]. the Trotskyite polemicist in favor of terror­ National Secretary, Jack Barnes, who Khmer Rouge troops, some in their early made the political report to the conven­ teens, began killing the sick and wounded ism; veteran Trotskyite Harry Wicks, even shooting and beating to death hospital now a leader of the British FI section, tion. It was entitled "U.S. Ruling-Class patients who had just come out of surgery. the International Marxist Group and who of SWP finances. The SWP has always Rouge rule Cambodia. now works with the Movement for a So­ demanded much of its members fi­ The Carter administration, if it is to main­ cialist Republic Willie Mae Reid be pointed out that the Cambodian Com­ operating as a leader of the Sattar munist regime is Peking-oriented, and that League, the Iranian section of the Fourth and a discussion on the report. From 8 to there are at least 1,000 Chinese Communist International. Baraheni is head of a 10 p.m. that evening fraction meetings military advisers in Cambodia. The Soviets front group :-an by the SWP called the and workships were held. Attendance at were rudely expelled at the time o! the take­ Committee for Artistic and Intellectual the fraction meetings was limited to over. Freedom in Irar. Osborne Hart and Omari Socialist Workers Party , the year the convention packets were en- Musa; 29906 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Septernber 19, 19 77 Writing for the Militant Workshop-led by Therefore, revolutionaries must defend The next report was by Nelson Black­ Steve Clark; the Soviet Union against its enemies. The stock on the Socialist Workers Party Standardizing Bookkeeping for the Party, A Workshop for Branch and Local Financial RMC, on the other hand, believes that press. Directors-led by Mary Lou Montauk. the Soviet Union is ruled by a system of The afternoon session heard the orga­ Sell1ng the Young Socialist Workshop-led "state capitalism." Therefore, revolu­ nization report by Mary-Alice Waters. by Holly Harkness; tionaries should not defend the Soviet That evening the delegates were enter­ Election Campaign Workshop-led by Ma­ Union. While to most people this dif­ tained with music and poetry "in soli­ tilda Zimmermann. ference of opinion sounds unimportant to darity with political prisoners." Reza The August 9 session opened with a Trotskyites it is vital. The nature of the Baraheni played the role of an Iranian report by Olga Rodriguez on the Chicano Soviet Union is an article of faith in poet. For most of the convention, he ap­ movement and the struggle against de­ Trotskyite ranks. Therefore, the admis­ peared as a leader of the Iranian section portation. The report and the discussion sion of the RMC members indicates how of the Fourth International. The evening centered around the defense of illegal desperate the SWP is for new blood. The featured guitar playing by the Brazilian aliens and support for militant Mexican­ RMC consisted of 45 peo::;Jle, led by musician Guadencio Thaigo deMello. American groups. Bruce Landau and Shelly Kramer. Nine­ The August 12 session featured a re­ The main activity of the aftemoon teen of their members belong to trade port on the world Trotskyist movement session was the black liberation report unions, five of them to the United Auto by Barry Sheppard. He pointed to the by Malik Miah. That evening from 8 to 10 Workers. merger of the two factions in Canada as there were additional fractions and During the afternoon, a series of spe­ a good sign for the Fourth International. workshops. These were: cial classes were held. These were: On behalf of the SWP, Sheppard urged Railroad Workers Fraction-led by Ed A Panel Presentation on the Situation in that the two major international fac­ Heisler; Mexico Today; tions dissolve. The two factions are the Women's Liberation Work in the Trade Issues in the Middle East Today-by David LTF, led by the SWP, and the IMT, Unions Workshop-led by Cindy Jaquith; Frankel; headed by Ernest Mandel and the other Postal Workers Fraction-led by Marty The Advancing Revolution in Southern Pettit; Africa-by Robb Wright; Fourth International leaders. At the last Auto Workers Fraction-led by Brian Elam; A Panel Presentation on the Class Struggle World Congress of the Fourth Inter­ Teachers Workshop-led by Lynn Hender­ in Spain; national in 1974, the IMT had only a son; How the International Trotskyist Move­ slight majority. Since that time, how­ Textile Workers Workshop-led by Jim ment Began-by Harry Wicks; ever, the LTF has lost its largest group, Gotesky; A Panel Presentation on Ireland; the PST of Argentina, which together Struggles of Chinese-, F111pino-, and Jap­ Developments Toward the Political Revo­ with its supporters in other countries has anese-Americans Workshop-led by Diane lution in Poland-by Gerry Foley; formed a third faction called the Bol­ Wang; Puerto Rico's Struggle for Independence­ Supporting the Movement Against Nuclear by a representative of the Internationalist shevik Tendency. This left the LTF with Power Workshop-led by Mike Baumann; Workers League of Puerto Rico; only the SWP and a few tiny grouplets How to Take Better Photos for the Militant The Fallacies of the Theory of State Cap­ in other countries. This of course is the Workshop-led by Susan Ell1s. italism-by Dick Roberts; reason for the desire of the SWP to abol­ Educational Needs of the Party Work­ A Panel Presentation on the International ish the factions. Nevertheless, Charles shop-led by Fred Feldman and Paul Mon­ Women's Liberation Movement; Michaloux representing the IMT at the tauk; Ethiopia and Eritrea : Upheaval in the convention stated that his faction also Anti-deportation Campaign Workshop-led Horn of Africa-by Ernest Harsch; by Miguel Pendas and Miguel Zarate; The Fight Against the Ultra-right in a favored the dissolution of factions before The Branch Bookstore and Its Relation t o Period of Growing Class Polarization : the the next World Congress of the Fourth Party Activity Workshop-led by Peggy Skokie Example-by Fred Feldman. International, which is scheduled for Brundy and George Bouse; That evening from 8 to 10 the follow­ 1978. Defense Activities on Behalf of Latin ing workshops and fraction meetings From 9 to 11 that evening a rally was American Political Prisoners Workshop-led held within the convention on behalf of by Mike Kelly; were held: Regional Work and Fall Traveling Teams Mineworkers Workshop-led by Ed Heisler; the sw·p newspaper the Militant. Key­ Workshop-led by Rick Berman; Transit Workers Fraction-led by Steve note speaker was Maceo Dixon, SWP Campaign Finances and Disclosure Laws Beumer; leader in Boston. The featured speaker Workshop-led by Stacey Seigle; Teamsters Fraction-led by Andy Rose; was Bernadette Devlin McAliskey, the Defense Activities on Behalf of Iranian Black Liberation Work in the Trade Unions Irish revolutionary who has collaborated Political Prisoners Workshop-led by Doug Workshop-led by John Hawkins; with the Trotskyite terrorist in Northern Jenness; Building Trades Fraction-led by Frank Ireland. Other speakers were Shelley The YSA and the High Schools Workshop­ Lovell; led by Betsy Farely. NEA Fraction-led by Ed Fruit; Kramer representing the Revolutionary AFT Fraction-led by Jeff Mackler; Marxist Committee, which merged with The August 10 session opened with a Building the Student Coalition Against the SWP at this convention; Holly Hark­ special report on Canada. The SWP con­ Racism Workshop-led by Osborne Hart and ness, member of the National Executive sidered it very significant that the two Cathy Sedwick; Committee of the Young Socialist Al­ Canadian Trotskyite organizations, the Building the Puerto Rican Movement liance; Diane Sarge, SWP member from Today Workshop-led by Catarino Garza; League for Socialist Action and the Revo­ Growing Feminism Among Women of Op­ Houston, Tex., active in the United lutionary Marxist Group, were now pressed Nationalities, a Panel Discussion by Steelworkers; and Manuel Archuleta of united. The RMG which has its main Rashida Abdul-ahad, Magdalena Gonzalez, La Raza Unida, a Mexican-American base among French speaking Canadians and Katherine Pon: group that has collaborated with the is part of the International Majority Branch and Local Financial Directors Socialist Workers Party for a number ot Tendency of the Fourth International. It Workshop-led by Dave Prince; years. advocates terrorism now. The LSA, like Party Campaigns for the Militant, Perspec­ Greetings to the rally came from: the Socialist Workers Party, adheres to tiva Mundial and Intercontinental Press Richard Mohawk and Paul Skyhorse. two the Leninist-Trotskyist faction of the Workshop-led by Harvey McArthur; Organizing the Fall Speaking Tours Work­ members of the American Indian Move­ Fourth Intemational, and also advocates shop-led by Mike Maggi; ment on trial in Los Angeles for first de­ terrorism in the future but not under the Workshop on Producing Better Branch gree murder in the stomping death of a present circumstances. Weekly Forums-led by Wendy Lyons; taxi driver; Morris Kight, a leader of the The next report for the morning was Winning Artists to the Revolutionary homosexual movement in Los Angeles; by Larry Seigle on the proposal to admit Party Workshop-led by Thiago; Harry Edwards, black militant at the to membership a group called the Revo­ The Party 's Fight for Civil Liberties Work­ University of California, Berkeley; I. F. lutionary Marxist Committee. The RMC, shop-led by Syd Stapleton; Stone, veteran journalist and Communist which came out of a Trotskyite tendency Workshop on YSA Finances-led by Brian apologist; Emile deAntonio, film maker called the International Socialist opposes Williams. who produced the propganda fUm on be­ the SWP line on the nature of the Soviet The August 11 session opened with a half of the terrorist Weather Under­ Union. The Socialist Workers Party report on the Young Socialist Alliance bY ground; Leonard Weinglass, leading believes that the Soviet Union is a Cathy Sedwick. The YSA is the youth National Lawyers Guild attorney who "workers state," although it is deformed. group of the Socialist Workers Party. recently defended members of the terror- September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29907 ist Symbionese Liberation Army; Robert ceive from sales to cover their expenses. positions of the International Majority Meeropol, son of the convicted Soviet we pay for and furnish the materials to Tendency of the Fourth International. atomic spies Julius and Ethel Rosenberg; them without charge." 1 This group, which has members in a and Jose Angel Gutierrez, Texas judge The organizational problem is even number of cities, including New York founding member of La Raza Unida who more serious. As a result of attempting and Baltimore, is centered around the is a strong supporter of the Castro dic­ to expand the SWP by breaking down Socialis:. Union in Los Angeles headed tatorship in Cuba. the citywide locals into a number of by Milton Zaslow, who in the late 1940's This ended the sessions of the conven­ smaller branches it was soon found that and early 1950's was organizer of the tion open to all members of the Socialist untrained cadre were not following in­ New York local of the Socialist Workers Workers Party, but, of course, closed to structions properly. The national office Party under the name Mike Bartell. He the public. On August 13, selected mem­ was not sufficiently informed about the left the SWP during the 1953 split and bers of each SWP branch and foreign work of some of the branches. Mary­ supported entryism into the Soviet con­ Trotskyite officials representing the Alice Waters in a report to the National trolled Communist movement. Fourth International gathered to elect Committee of the SWP on January 8, The Baltimore group calls itself the the national committee of the SWP and 1977, said: Baltimore Marxist Group. Its members hear a report on the control commission Most of the comrades probably read the are Rick Ehrmann, John Sinnigen, Lisa by Linda Jenness. The control commis- article about the party that appeared in the Sinnigen, and Star Bowie. The New York sion is the internal investigating arm of Nation this fall, written by Walter and group calls itself the Marxist Education the SWP leadership. Miriam Schneir. Among other things, they Collective and includes Murray Weiss Approximately 100 of the 1,600 mem­ describe how George Novack showed them and wife, Myra Tanner Weiss, both of bers of the Socialist Workers Party did around the national headquarters at 14 whom were long time leaders of the So­ not attend the convention. These had to Charles Lane and they quote George as proudly commenting that the SWP has an cialist Workers Party until the 1960's; provide an acceptable excuse such as not infrastructure for a party of 100,000. I don't as well as Art Felberbaum, and Hazel being able to leave their jobs. The SWP know if George actually said that. But know­ Daren. Control Commission has had its job made ing what our problems have been this fall, The SWP has refused to admit the easier by the fact that the FBI was George's enthusiasm really made me laugh. members of this group, some of whom forced to advise them that there had I wish it were true. In reality, while some de­ had been expelled from the SWP in 1975 been 66 informants in the Socialist partments are ahead of the game, we don't as part of the Internationalist Tendency. Workers Party. The Justice Department yet have an adequate infrastructure for a The leadership of the Fourth Interna­ party of 2,000. And that's one of the things then ordered the FBI to terminate the we are proposing to change in the next tional, nevertheless, maintained close re­ informants and advise them not to at­ months. lationships with this group and Livo tend SWP meetings, or to report any­ Maitan attended the November, 1975, thing to the FBI about the SWP. The solution was to send out eight na­ conference at which the local groups Most of those in attendance at the tional field officers, who could handle were merged into the ROMC.3 Due to a convention were barred from the final local problems in their own geographical series of incidents this relationship has closed session, which was opened only to area. Those chosen were: been terminated. As a result approxi­ "official delegates." These "official dele­ LIST OF Fl'ELD OFFICERS mately 75 supporters of terrorism, many gates" were handpicked by the leader­ 1. Northeast-Doug Jenness (resident New of whom have considerable organiza­ ship, each representing 12 members. New York) tional experience, are now unavailable York for example, with approximately 2. Mid-Atlantic-Andrea Morell (resident to the Trotskyite movement. 300 members had about 25 delegates. Washington) The incidents that caused this began 3. South/ Gulf Coast-Pearl Chertov (resi­ Most of these were "leaders" and few dent New Orleans) on July 24, 1975, when Herbert Ramer­ rank and filers had the opportunity to be 4. Southwest-Peter Camejo (resident Los stein, former minority chief investigator in on the real decisionmaking meeting. Angeles) for the House Committee on Internal Se­ Smaller branches had one or two dele­ 5. Pacific Coast-Tony Thomas (resident curity, testified before the Senate Sub­ gates who were almost invariably the San Francisco) committee on Internal Security on the top people in the branch closely asso­ 6. Rocky Mountains/ South Plains-Steve Trotskyite Terrorist International. That ciated with the national leadership. Chainey (resident Denver) testimony and hundreds of pages of con­ 7. Midwest-Wendy Lyons (resident fidential SWP and Fourth International Two major problems were raised at Minneapolis) . the convention. The first was financial, 8. Great Lakes-Joel Britton (resident documents relating to terrorism were re­ the second organizational. The SWP Chicago).: leased by the committee in March 1976. membership had previously been sup­ On April 6, 1976, Hedda Garza, who plied with information concerning these The desire to recruit new members is was expelled from the SWP in 1975 as a problems. The financial problem was complicated by two factors. One is that member of the International Tend­ described in a report made to the SWP previously nonpolitical new members ency, called a press conference to an­ national committee by Barbara Matson take a long time to learn the line and swer the charges. Garza never said that on April 16, 1977. how to follow orders. The other is that the Fourth International opposed terror­ members of rival political groups have ism, instead, she claimed that it was the Additional funds are necessary to car­ their own ideological line and are us­ U.S. Government that engaged in terror­ ry out the work of the SWP. Those ually a problem to integrate into the ism and subversion, instead of her Marx­ funds have to come from the member­ SWP structure. There were some mis­ ist-Leninist comrades. ship. At this time, according to Matson, givings concerning the plan to recruit 50 percent of the expenses of the SWP The Socialist Workers Party was furi­ the members of the Revolutionary Marx­ ous at its former members purporting to newspaper the Militant have to come ist Committee because they came into from the party. Seventy-five percent of speak on its behalf. An April 6, 1976, re­ the SWP with a coherent political posi­ lease issued by the New York SWP office the expenses of Intercontinental Press tion on a number of questions different must also come from t.he party. Inter­ and signed by Jack Barnes for the Po­ from that of traditional Trotskyism. The litical Committee of the Socialist Work­ continental Press is a weekly magazine solution to this was not to allow them to published by the Socialist Workers Party ers Party and Ernest Mandel for the all join the Detroit local but to scatter United Secretariat of the Fourth Inter­ on behalf of the Fourth International. them around the country. The new Spanish language SWP publi­ national said: cation Perspectiva Mundial is subsidized A group that is closer ideologically to At a press conference held April 6 in New 100 percent. In addition the SWP pays the Socialist Workers Party and which York, Hedda Garza purported to speak in de­ 100 percent of all of the expenses of its has about 75 members has been rejected fense of the Socialist Workers party and the for membership for the last 2 years. This United Secretariat of the Fourth Interna­ members traveling abroad on Fourth In­ group called the Revolutionary Marxist tiOnal, although none of the groups or indi­ ternational business. They also pay 100 vidual she represents are members of either percent of the expenses of the new na­ Organizing Committee adheres to the of these organizations. Consequently neither tional field organizers and of the Young the Socialist Workers party nor the United 'Socialist Workers Party Discussion Bul­ Secretariat of the Fourth International take SOcialist Alliance organizer teams that letin, No. 3, June 1977, pp. 25 and 26. travel around the campuses each spring 2 Socialist Workers Party Internal Infor­ and fall. According to Matson, "Even mation Bulletin, No. 1, February, 1977, pp. a Fourth International Internal Discus­ though the teams use the income they re- 18-35. sion Bulletin, No. 5, November 1976, pg. 7. 29908 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 any responsibility for her declarations. Both ing." While the LTF had argued that ing" on them while gathering informa­ disassociate themselves from them. "party building" was impossible com­ tion on international terrorism. Unfor­ The RMOC wrote to the Fourth Inter­ bined with terrorism because of the lose tunately, the U.S. Government's sur­ national leadership complaining about of cadre as a result of the violence. veillance of the SWP was canceled last the repudiation. They received an answer LTF, however, was glad to accept the year. The discussions between the FI which pointed out that the Socialist compromise as their largest organization and the OCRFI are continuing.8 Workers Party is engaged in a "very deli­ the PST of Argentina has left to organize The most significant result of the cate and complicated legal undertak­ the Bolshevik Tendency, a third faction IMT rapprochement with the LTF has ing" in its lawsuit against the U.S. Gov­ in the Fourth International. Livio Maitan. See also the Fourth International Interna­ 'Fourth International International In­ tional Internal Discussion Bulletin, No. 5, a Fourth International International In­ ternal Information Bulletin, No. 2, July, May, 1977 which contains an analysis of the ternal Discussion Bulletin. No. 3, Ma::v, 1977. 1977. self-criticism by Jack Barnes. pg. 32-33. September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29909 ty with the U.S. because of these so that the Pentagon will see that we are clashes against the U.S. and were involved in treaties, why is it, then, that Escobar con­ somehow taking them into consideration. the famous 1964 riots in which 17 Pana­ tinues to defame the U .S . before his own peo­ "This is how the expeditious passage manian students and four American soldiers ple at every conceivable opportunitv? Why came about. Now, I do not believe that when were kllled. is it that 1"-e feels comnelled to fuel the vola­ they explain the 'expeditious passage' term In his August 12 address to the student tile student leaders with combustible rhet­ they will give the same explanation I am fe;ieration, Escobar issued what Latin Amer­ oric, virtually inciting them to confront the giving here. They will explain that this ican expert Roger Fontaine has termed a U.S. even after treaties take effect? means privileged passage and they are en­ "barn burner." While making his pitch for titled to go through first. endorsement of the treaties-which wlll Down in Panama, Escobar has yet to be have to be approved through a Panamanian caught flattering the Carter Administration "They have to sell their merchandise. It is the same merchandise, but with different plebiscite-Escobar also hyped his audience for its munificent present. Instead, Escobar, with talk of the "heroic and majestic" strug­ while repeatedly condemning American wrappings because they do not think as we do. They have to sell this treaty to their gle of the 1964 students who "were mas­ "gringos," crows that whatever concessions sacred by the U.S. Army." He also favorably were forthcoming from the United States country, and for this reason you see that both of us give different information on the quoted Gen. Torrijos as saying: "I prefer a ~~~: ~~~~;~~d out of a reluctant and imperi- same provision." nation of Castroite youths to one of cas­ trated youths.... " In his August 12 address to the Federation But what was particularly disturbing to of Panamanian Students, as we disclosed HUMAN EVENTS ASKS: "ESCOBAR many observers was Escobar's calculated last week, Escobar suggested that the stu­ FUELS STUDENTS . . . IS PANA­ ambiguity involving the use of violence. dents should strike out on their own 1f they Panama's chief negotiator stressed that the are disenchanted with some of the "ugly" MA'S CHIEF NEGOTIATOR A COM­ MUNIST?" present treaties could have been obtained features of the treaties, such as the presence through violence, but that the Torrijos of U .S . m111tary installations in Panama policy which secured them was far superior for 23 years. HON. GENE SNYDER because it didn't involve a costly struggle. "In the oast," said Escobar in one of his Having said that, however, Escobar most incendiary speeches, "when we set OF KENTUCKY strongly suggested that the Torrijos govern­ bombs against our oligarchy, when we chal­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment would not oppose violent actions by lenged the regimes established in our coun­ Monday, September 19, 1977 the students to correct what he said were try, we never asked anyone for permission. some of the "ugly" features of the new You have never asked anyone for permis­ Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, the weekly treaties, including the stationing of U.S. sion .... Washington publication, Hwnan Events, military forces in Panama until the year "When one wants confrontation, one puts has devoted much space to United 2000. his knaps:tck on his back, his bomb at the States-Panamanian negotiations and the "There are still theories," Escobar added, waist and goes to stage the confrontation." resulting new treaties signed by Presi­ "that we can get more, much more, through At the Organization of American States• dent Jimmy Carter and Dictator Omar confrontation. I believe this is true.... ceremonies last week, Panama's strongman, Torrijos with much fanfare on Septem­ We are not asking for confrontation, but Gen. Omar Torrijos, decided to imitate his neither will we give permission to anybody for chief negotiator by striking a sour note. ber 7. a confrontation. Whoever wants to start a In its September 10 issue, Hwnan While President Carter was more than confrontation can do so himself. gracious, Torrijos stressed that despite the Events devoted almost two complete "In the past, when we set bombs against new treaties, the Panamanians would not be pages to the activities of Torrijos' top our ollgarchy, when we challenged the re­ especially happy because "the 23 years agreed adviser and chief negotiator, Romulo gimes established in our country, we never upon as a transition period means 8,395 days Escobar Bethancourt. asked anyone for permission .... during which time United States mllihry The publication details a recent in­ "When one wants confrontation, one puts bases will remain, turning my country into cendiary speech to Panamanian students his knapsack on his back, his bomb at the September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29911 waist and goes to stage the confrontation. "In order to make the revolution truly ir­ we were hanged; when we were submitted to This is not written in any book. If one tri­ reversible, they have to stop up some of the an kinds of hum111ations the first question umphs, one wins, and if one does not tri­ leaks in their control of the news, mails, asked was whether we were Communists. And umph, he dies." This passage, giving the radio and television, phone calls, meetings of we never answered that we were not Com­ green light to future violence, was met with people, etc. This requires that they obtain munists; what we always said was that we a burst of applause. effective sovereignty over the Canal Zone and wanted to defend our dignity and our Moreover, Escobar's "bomb-at-the-waist" that they attempt to eliminate U.S. bases. As motherland. speech followed on the heels of a short, vol­ long as the Zone bases remain it is like a "We never accepted going to a confession­ canic address by Robert G6mez, the secre­ sword which threatens their permanency. It ary to tell anyone whether we are or we are tary-general of the Federation of Panama­ also delays further desired consolidations of not Communists because we believe that a nian Students, who told his audience that power and societal transformation .... man's deeds, not what he says, are indicative while the treaties "resolve part of the prob­ "In February 1969, Torrijos managed to get of what he is.'' lem ... much remains to be done to totally control of the Junta Mill tar. He exiled Boris Escobar, of course, did not answer the ques­ eliminate the last symbol of the overwhelm­ Martinez, Federico Boyd and others. He tion. Clearly, however, the question should ing presence of U.S. imperialism. The ban­ brought the Communists back to the Uni­ be vigorously pursued before the Senate ners of the FEP [the federation) will not be versity and turned it over to Dr. Romulo ratifies the canal treaties transferring the lowered in the struggle, because this strug­ Escobar Bethancourt. Romulo is an avowed canal to the Torrijos/Escobar government. gle will be continuous and prolonged until 'all-out' Communist. Che Guevara was his Why don't Thurmond, Helms, et al., fly to the last invading soldier leaves. house guest during a Panama visit. Bethan­ Panama. and rummage through U.S. intel­ "Contrary to what many think, the new court is a pE'rsonal adviser to Torrijos. He 1s ligence files? agreement will not, and cannot, signal the currently the chief treaty negotiator. He has end of the process or of the struggle for also been made the Information; Newsmedia national liberation .... Hail the unity of the Czar of Panama." patriotic forces and support for the liber­ Is Panama's chief negotiator a Com­ CREATIVE COMMUNITY EFFORTS ating process! The struggle against imperial­ munist? Many long-time observers suspect FOR CONSERVATION ism and its internal allies will be continuous that he is. The information on Escobar Beth­ and prolonged. Liberation or death! The FEP ancourt quoted above iB taken from an inch­ is on the move! No one and nothing can thick document that originated from respon­ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. stop it!" sible attorneys in the Zone and is now in OF CALIFORNIA While Panamanian officials in Washington the hands of congreEsional staffers. Much dish out a far softer line, they also make it of Escobar's oro-Communist record is bared IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES quite plain that they do not view the new in the publication, which includes a news­ Monday, September 19, 1977 treaties as eliminating their differences with paper report disclosing that Escobar is a the United States. When Human Events great admirer of North Korea's Communist Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. asked Panamanian press spokesman George dictator, Kim 11 Sung Speaker, we have heard many people Fisher about the agreements, Fisher stressed Indeed, when liberal-leaning columniSt predict that the public will not adopt ef­ that Gen. Torrijos feels the pact guarantee­ Charles Bartlett traveled to Panama in late fective energy conservation measures, in ing a decreasing American presence in Pan­ February, he returned to write that: "Too spite of the obvious need for the public to ama until the year 2000 is "like a stone Pan­ many of the regime's key figures, including ama will have to carry in her shoe for 20 some principal negotiators, are commited to do so. We may not know for several years years ...." the hard left.... Torrijos' chief adviser, whether energy conservation goals will The Panamanian government, he said, Escobar Bethancourt, turns up in such cur­ be met, but we do know that to reach "will not exaggerate Panama's gains," and ious roles as head of the Panama-North Ko­ these goals, efforts must begin today. he termed as distinct "disadvantages" the rean Association." It is for this reason that I am pleased fact that the U.S. will still have military Escobar's support of CommuniSt causes is to note some creative community efforts installations in his country and primary believed to be extensive. Albert S. Adams en­ responsibility for operating the canal until listed in the Army Counter Intelligence Corps in my congressional district to get public the year 2000. in 1955 and was assigned to the Canal Zone support for energy conservation. The fol­ Fisher said that Gen. Torrijos has headed from 1956 through 1958. From 1958 through lowing article, from a weekly paper in off street violence against the United States, 1972, he worked for the Panama Canal Co. my district, explains the details. but "we're not going to say that this [the According to Adams, who contacted us The article follows: treaties) ends all the problems with the earlier, Escobar's files that were kept by the [From the El Chicano, Aug. 4, 1977) United States." Fisher also said that the U.S. military showed he was connected with Panamanians can make "no guarantee" numerous CommuniSt groups and even ac­ WEATHERIZATION PROGRAM against violence, and that no government knowled~ed his CommuniSt affiliations dur­ (By Karen Bailey) can guarantee to eliminate "violence against ing the Rem6n assassination trial of 1957. The Community Services Department the U.S. presence either before the treaties Escobar's left-wing stance is so pronounced (CSD) Weatherization Program is at it again. or after" (emphasis ours). that even Panamanian officials in the U.S. (They are the one's responsible for providing While the U.S., in short, is peddling the admit that he is always being "accused of free insulation and weatherstripping services new Panama treaties on the grounds that being a Communist," but say that these for the homes of those who qualify). In re­ they will avert violence and harassment and charges stem from those who never wan ted sponse to President Carter's Energy Saving secure a U.S. military presence in Panama changes in the country's ruling oligarchy. push, Ms. Dina Hunter, the Weatherization until the year 2000, no such guarantees are On August 9 of this year, the Star & Herald, Program Manager, has developed an educa­ being offered by the Panamanians. Indeed, an English language paper published in tional program aimed at teaching San Bern­ the country's chief treaty negotiator seems Panama, quoted a newspaper reporter asking ardino County's "little ones" how to conserve to be encouraging future confrontations. Gen. Torrijos whether or not he was a Com­ energy, and how to get their "moms and In the view of one U.S. Latin expert, in munist. At that point, Escobar cut off Tor­ dads" involved too. fact, Gen. Torrijos has every intention of re­ rijos and answered for the general. An outreach team visits approximately one moving that "stone" in his shoe before the "Look here," said Escobar, "we could an­ to two elementary schools per day and puts year 2000. swer negatively, but what happens is that we on a live puppet show for the children nnd Roger Fontaine, director, Latin American do not like to say no because we do not ac­ teachers. The show is fun-lovingly aimed at Studies, Center for Strategic and Interna­ cept someone to self-appoint himself into an arousing enough concern and awareness in tional Studies at Georgetown University, told inquisitor into one's personality ... the children as to stimulate the development Human Events last week that he thinks that "Each individual has the right to choose of energy saving habits. In the script "Count when the Panamanian police control the the political ideology he likes, and to act in Conservation," a. character resembling a hu­ Canal Zone-which will occur within three politics as he chooses. He also has the right morous Count Dracula, illustrates how he years after the treaties are ratified-the to act and think and acquire the philosophi­ saves by proper use of appliances. (You may Panamanians "will encourage us to leave the cal concepts more consonant with his educa­ wish to note the Dracula figure is appropriate Zone as soon as possible." Gen. Torri1os, he tion and social standing, or with what he since it is common knowledge that all good contends, wants to get the credit for our thinks should be the relations between vampires sleep during the day "giving their leaving, and doesn't want to sit around and human rights. appliances the afternoon off" and concentrat­ wait. "That question has been asked of the ing energy use during the evening hours). Is PANAMA'S CHIEF NEGOTIATOR A COMMUNIST? General and myself for many years. Of The children really respond well to this and the question and answer periods before and "The Panamanian Communist party . . . course, now that he is a General it becomes after the puppet show. is firmly in control of Panama. Transforma­ more outstanding, but the question ha.s been tion to a Socialist state is still incomplete. asked of me ever since I was around 14 years The Southern California Edison Co. does The final steps in the process must await a old, when the Americans were beating us their part by contributing a very interesting treaty. The Communists are a little incred­ because we wanted to free our country; when packet called "Energy Conservation Class­ ulous of their own success. . . . we were jailed, when we were tortured; when room Kits" for grades 1-3 a.nd 4-6. A teacher CXXIII--1882-Part 23 29912 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 manual is included with a wall chart, book­ Latin America for over three decades, I wel­ Before leaving this question of multilateral lets in English and Spanish, student cer­ come the opportunity to n1eet and speak relations, I would like to comment on a dis­ tificates to be awarded at the completion of with those who share an intere3t in this im­ turbing tendency among some observers to the conservation program and a cardboard portant hemisphere. The pleasant nature of lump several Latin nations under the head­ attache case saying, "Project Energy." Re­ these university surroundings and the im­ ing "Southern Cone" and advocate their sponse from teachers, students and parents pressive assemblange make tonight's occa­ t reatment in essentially multilateral terms. has been excellent in accepting this form of sion pa.rtlcularly appealing to me. Instead of being a geographical term, South­ training as it has such a positive appeal to General comments about any area of the ern Cone has become synonymous with right­ viewers. world including Latin America are always wing, repressive military regimes and human The goals of any project involving federal dangerous. No matter how carefully stated, rights violations. This is a dangerous over­ spending entails more benefits than the one they tend to create the false impression of simplification. It overlooks important differ­ service offered. Through the mutual coopera­ regional identity. They ignore, in the case ences among the peoples and governments tion of CSD and the CETA Division of San of Latin America, its incredible diversity and of the southern South American nations and Bernardino County's Employment Office, the too often refiect or encourage stereotyped thus hides more than it illuminates. A Weatherization Program has found CETA thinking. "Southern Cone Policy" on the part of the workers a large asset in its tremendous suc­ With this observation stated, I will none­ United States would be as illusory and cess. What this means is that by creating and theless make some remarks about this im­ counterproductive as a general "Latin Amer­ implementing new and necessary programs portant area. I think it is nece3sary to high­ ican Policy". CSD is helping to solve the major problem light important differences between Latin Human rights is the issue that has domi­ of unemployment in S an Bernardino County America and the developed countries. In nated U.S.-Latin American relations in re­ by continually providing new jobs. global terms, Latin nations are not members cent months. I do not dispute the need for Another exciting new service you can look of the developed countries club, with the ex­ a strong moral basis for our foreign policy f"orward to from the Weatherization Program ception of Brazil, but neither are they among and I share the hope of all Americans that is the free installation of a refiective film the poorest of the poor. By any socio-eco­ government leaders the world over will re­ called Aluma-Kook to mobile homes that nomic criteria that you might cho~e. Latin spect the rights of their citizens. As former qualify. It is a transparent sheet of mylar American countries are members of the Secretary of State Henry Kissinger so persua­ containing properties that refiect the sun's emerging nations, who have potentially sively argued before the 1976 OAS General rays thereby keeping it cool in the summer; great economic strength. We are speaking of Assembly in Santiago: at the same time the refiective film is capable countries that have achieved a significant, if " No government can ignore t errorism and of shielding against the cold of winter by uneven, level of industrialization; are fully survive , but it is equally true that a govern­ acting as insulation. integrated into the world economy; and look ment that tramples on the rights of its citi­ zens denie3 the purpose of its existence." Social Security recipients and interested to a future in which their development will be intimately linked to that of the indus­ My reservations in the human rights area parties are encouraged to call 383-3561 or trialized powers. concern the policy instruments through 383- 1153 for further information or applica­ which human rights compliance should be tion for the services offered. Latin America's status has important im­ plications for the region's relations with the sought. I realize that developing policy The chairperson of CSD's Administering United States. It means that in this area strategies to this end is a difficult task, but Commission, Naomi Saylor and Executive of the world the United States can find I do not believe that the answer lies in bi­ Director Rodolfo Castro and all of the Com­ constructive partners in the effort to solve lateral economic sanctions. Neither do I be­ munity Services Department staff are hard the complex problems of the North-South lieve that applying sanctions through votes at work thinking of new and vital ways to relationship. in International Fina ncial Institutions is a meet the needs of you and the communities Many leaders in countries like Argentina, well advised tactic. The Carter administra­ it serves. Brazil, Venezuela, and Colombia share the tion has finally realized and wisely tried to perception of global economic arrangements. discourage congressional efforts to legislate They see an international economic structure mandatory negative votes in the IFI's against UNITED STATES-LATIN AMERICAN rigged against their interests; one ordered human rights violators. Support from other and operating according to rules established nations that would be necessary to vot e down RELATIONS BY HON. ROBERT C. loan requests would probably no be forth­ HILI, at a time the developed countries forced their conception of world order on the less coming. In t he absence of such support, fre­ powerful. Nor surprisingly, they no longer quen t U .S . negative votes would eventually want their fate determined in councils reduce t his country to the s tatute of an inter­ HON. LARRY WINN, JR. where they have no voice. They will use what­ national s:::old a ~ d the cause of human rights OF KANSAS ever economic clout they can muster to wrest would not have been advanced significantly. The Unit ed States must also avoid human IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conceo:;:sions from the developed countries. Frankly, I don't blame them. rights in itiat ives that imply an effort to ex­ Monday, September 19, 1977 At the same time, however, Latin Ameri­ port our democratic way of life. Democracy as we know it is a way of life rather than Mr. WINN. Mr. Speaker, during the can nations have a major stake in finding pragmatic, reasonable solutions to North­ a simple political formula . It must be care­ past few months, much empha<;is has South problems. Their future lies in equit­ fully nutured and developed in accord with been placed on our relationship with ably resolving international differences, not the conditions that prevail in any given Latin America. I believe that it is appro­ in achieving the psychologically pleasing but country. We can set a wort hy example and priate to share with you the words of ultimately empty rhetorical victories often encourage democratic tendencies where they an individual who has had extensive ex­ sought by radical Third World spokesmen. emerge, but we cannot force our system on others. perience in dealing with Latin American While the opportunity for cooperation May I read to you an informative and en­ nations. The Honorable Robert C. Hill exists, United States' approaches to Latin lightened letter from a friend in Latin was appointed U.S. Ambassador to Costa America should emphasize bilateral rather America: Rica and El Salvador and served as As­ than multilateral relationships. This en­ sures a proper framework for productive "THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES sistant Secretary of State for Congres­ inter-American dealings. However, the record The White House sional Relations under President Eisen­ shows that U.S. attempts to deal with Latin Washington, D.C. hower. Since then he has also served the America as a whole usually result in a "we­ "DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: This is Written to United States as Assistant Secretary of they" confrontation, with moderate Latin you as an open letter and sent to news media Defense, and U.S. Amba<;c:ador to Mexico, countries following the lead of the most stri­ in the United States and elsewhere since I dent U.S. critics in order to preserve Latin believe the subject to be such importance Spain, and finally, Argentina. that the contents warrant the attention, not Not long ago, Mr. Hill expressed his solidarity. It is a losing proposition for the United States. Furthermore, many Latin only of yourself, but of the public in general. views on U .S. relations with Argentina leaders dislike the multilateral setting be­ "The human rights problem has never and Latin America to a large group at cause it does not permit adequate recogni­ been simplistic. As mankind slowly evolves the Graduate School of Banking at the tion of the individual interests of their sep­ toward universal justice, it becomes even more complex. As a Quaker I applaud your ~niversity of Wisconsin. The recent sign­ arate states. general direction in this area, but as a World mg of the Panama Canal treaties under­ For these reasons, I applaud President War II Pacific Navy vet;eran who has been lines the need for a careful examination Carter's statement made during his April 14 living and working in Latin America for of our relations with all countries in address before the Organization of American twenty years I urge caution. especially in the Latin America as well as Central Amer­ States: manner in which your policy is being applied ica. Therefore, I bring his perceptive "A single United States policy toward Latin to the southern part of South America. I comments to your attention: America and the Caribbean makes little emphasize this area as it is my home, al­ sense. What we need is a wider and more though I suspect that caution is warranted REMARKS OF HON. ROBERT C. HILL fiexible approach, ... (with) policies more elsewhere in this troubled world. Having served the United States Govern­ suit ed to each nation's variety and poten­ "We have lived in six Latin countries over ment, as well as traveled on business, in tial." these years: Mexico, Nicaragua, Colombia, September 19, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2991'3 Uruguay, Argentina, and finally, happily, in "The mlUtary take-over in Brazil, Uruguay, are some who wish to give everything away. Paraguay. Five years ago we were transferred Chile and Argentina were motivated by ex­ They would lift the embargo, totally or at to Asuncion by my then employer, the In­ treme leftist aotion which would have made least in part without getting anything in re­ terAmerican Development Bank after two much of the southern part of the South turn. They would give Castro the U.S. base years of living in Uruguay during the height America communist. The civilian govern­ at Guantanamo without first making sure of the urban guerrilla Tupamaros crisis. ments of these countries either did not wish American citizens have been compensated for "The Tupamaros started with apparently to resist these onslaughts: Brazil under the $2 billion dollars in goods and properties legitimate aims: to thwart a corrupt hope­ Goulart; Chile under Allende; or as in Uru­ Castro confiscated in 1960. This is foolishly lessly bureaucratic, one-party ruled "demo­ guay and Argentina were incapable of stand­ naive. There may be some benefits in begin­ cratic" government. There is no way to reason ing up to terrorism. The military had no ning to talk to the Cubans, but we must be with people who have elected to use violence; other option. There is a good possibility that hard and pragmatic bargainers, and we must you cannot convince them by argument or these governments will over the nex;t decade not forget who our real friends are and that prayer that they should not kidnap or kill. have democratic evolution. Hopefully human Castro is not one of them. The Tupamaros murdered in cold blood. Nor rights will be automatic for all those who In recent years, it had become evident that could they easily be arrested and brought to eschew 'terrorism. U.S. efforts to isolate Cuba in the inter­ justice. They hit and disappeared. "These factors lead to the conclusion, Mr. American framework were ineffective. It is "In open rebellion, in which human rights President, that in splite of your admirable now public knowledege that preliminary dis­ are violated, it is not difficult to identify most and respected idealism for some reason you cussions to reverse that policy were initiated of the violaters. But in the clandestine terror­ are attacking a symptom or a symbol, and with Havana during President Ford's term. ism which pervades in so much of Latin not a basic human principal in the pursuit of Protracted negotiations will be required to America there is no way for a government to your human rights objective. May I suggest reach agreement on these difficult problems, maintain order and preserve human rights that an ill-advised inconsistent U.S. policy and there is no reason why the United States for most of its citizens except by the unfor­ on human rights, too rapidly organized and should be in any great hurry. By all signs, tunate abrogation of the human rights of executed, will create disorder in the western therefore, restoration of full diplomatic rela­ these who control by terror. hemisphere and elsewhere, and the result tions with Cuba should be a long way off. "There exists within much of Latin Amer­ of this pursuit will be disaster. With respect to the Panama Canal, long ica, as elsewhere, great social inequality. This "Mr. President, I suggest that the m1litary negotiations appear to be nearing submis­ injustice, aggravated by the western nations governments of Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and sion to the U.S. Senate in the form of a re­ desire for cheap raw materials, provides fer­ Uruguay are led by persons dedicated to the placement for the 1903 canal treaty. When tile ground for leftist agitation and vio­ well-being of the vast majority of the citizens the draft treaty's contents become known in lence. However, the arms and training which of these countries, and that these govern­ its entirety, we shall all be in a position to seed terrorist movement have for several dec­ ments should be supported by the U.S.A. That as3ess its acceptability. One of the most in­ ades been supplied mainly by communist these leaders are sometimes harsh there is no teresting congressional confrontations in sources. question; but what alternative is there when years appears imminent as the battle lines "Military governments have emerged in violence is clandestine?" are being drawn ever more clearly. this southern cone of South America for a Military assistance and bilateral armed One of the most interesting comments on variety of reasons: principally because the forces' contacts are also subjects that have this issue was President Carter's reference in civilian governments were either too corrupt, aroused some controversy, in connection Mississippi last month to the possibility of too inept, or were trying to turn the coun­ with both the human rights issue and the constructing a second canal. I supported tries over to communist control. There have administration's policy of diminishing for­ such an initiative years ago when I was been very few of the Batista or Trujillo ilk eign arms sales. All this is doing is driving Ambassador to Mexico, and later Assistant who have gained control in this area. The the Latins to Europe and the Soviet Union Secretary in the Department of Defense, and military people who have felt the responsi­ for their arms. I believe it is important to was gratified to hear the President's sugges­ bility to take over their governments have maintain our military missions in Latin tion. However by no means should the generally been civilized patriots. America. I refer not to military groups on a second canal be constructed in Panama. I "As you surely know, Mr. President, the grandiose scale, but rather to the mainte­ realize that extensive studies completed dur­ development and support of terrorist orga­ nance of missions of sufficient size to provide ing the Johnson administration concluded that a second c::~.nal was not feasible for nizations to overthrow existing Latin govern­ an ad~quate and appropriate liaison with ments is part of communist strategy: host military sen·ices. The contacts afforded economic reasons. That was some time ago, Cuba ... Castro established; Chile ... Allen­ U.S. personnel are particularly important in however, and it might be wise to re-evaluate de was moving toward complete communist cases where the host military establishment the proposition in the light of today's control unt11 the military intervened; Uru­ is responsible for governing the country. circumstances. guay ... havoc from Tupamaros terror, com­ Aside from Panama and Cuba, our rela­ It is also important to preserve training tions with Latin America are centering on munist inspired and financed until the mili­ programs. They provid-e an opportunity to tary stepped in; Argentina (a country with economic questions. Socio-economic develop­ assist in upgrading the defense capabilities ment is the top priority of the region's tremendous potential consistently frustrated of the Latin American armed services and political power seekers) now torn by secret leaders, and the U.S. is the primary source open channels through which future Latin of trade, financial, and technological oppor­ armies which strike, kidnap, kill, and vanish. leaders are exposed to, and hopefully, in­ Argentina is beginning to recover since the fluenced by our society. tunities from both the public and private military has removed Peron's inept third sectors. We do not have time to review the Along with the frequently cited arguments many points at issue. However, I think that wife. about the availability of alternate arms sup­ "Under its military government Uruguay p3.rticular attention should be drawn to the plier and the possibility of Soviet sales as in question of raw materials, trade and the has again become peaceful, but putting and the case cf Peru, it is worth pointing out the keeping down a clandestine army requires need for stability of both supply and price. impact of diminishing sales on longstanding Many Latin economies rise and fall with continuing vigilance. The communists never U.S. efforts to promote regional arms stand­ give up just because they receive reverses. fluctuations in the price of a single export ardization. These efforts will have been commodity. Chile's experience with copper "Mr. President, it would be helpful if you wasted i! the United States abandons the would give us your guidance. Just how can and Bolivia's with tin are only two examples. Latin American market to other suppliers. Commodity agreements that guarantee to we protect the human rights of peaceful Reapproachment with Cuba and negotia­ citizens? How can they be preserved from the producer a reasonable price and to the tion of a new canal treaty with Panama have consumer a consistent supply represent a terrorists without depriving the terrorists headlined the list of the Carter administra­ of some of their rights?-.,51specially so when pragmatic and equitable solution to such tion's bilateral undertakings in Latin difficulties. Further effvrts should be made the murdering of citizens is by underground America. You must understand that Cuba sources supported from abroad. to conclude commodity agreements covering today is not a friend. We should not delude export i terns crucial to La tin American "Certainly it is laudable that the United ourselves on that score. Castro has some ob­ States should try to regain the moral stand­ economies. jectives which are in direct conflict with our Another are::J.. that needs added attention ard and image it once had. And human rights own. At the same time, however, there are is an ultimate o1&jective. This is what hum­ is U.S.-Latin American cultural relations. I a number of issues between the two coun­ believe in cultural exchanges, a valuable and ble people, wherever, seek. But an impractical tries which could be resolved to our mutual and inconsistent application of a policy to advantage. It made sense, for example, to underutilized vehicle for promoting inter­ implement this noble objective wlll only American understanding and friendship. In­ draw a maritime boundary between us in the creased funding should be supplied for gov­ create increasing disorder in the western Florida straits. We would like for Castro to hemisphere, and for that matter, anywhere. ernment-sponsored programs run by USIA allow American citizens resident in Cuba to and other agencies. Whether it be symphony What Communist leaders have wanted be repatriated to the U.S. and bring their orchestras. dance companies, history lec­ since the Revolution after World War I is families with them. We also want political world dominatio.n. They make propaganda prisoners released. There are, then, possibili­ turers, folk musicians, artists, or whatever, exchanges amount to a two-way street to that sounds good to the young and inno­ ties for trade offs. We should approach any mutual enjoyment. understanding and a cent; and they abuse the U.S. sometimes with talks with the Cubans with this in mind. We better knowledge of each others cultures. justification, since we have often exploited must take a cautious, step-by-step approach, the powerless in many areas for our own making sure we get something in return for This has been a review of Latin America profit over many years. ' any gesture or concession we make. There as I see it. In closing I would like to make 29914 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1977 this observation: the United States, at times, The attached article published by the 5. Learning and experience in clinical nu­ has shown enlightened interest in Latin American Dietetic Association should trition should be provided for those students America in the 20th Century-begun under further explain the criteria I have out­ who have not had such training. President Hoover, strengthened by the good 6. Field work is an e~sential component of neighbor policy of Franklin Roosevelt, and lined. I hope my colleagues will read this a program. It should be under the supervi­ additional efforts of understanding by the material thoroughly: sion of a public health nutritionist. The pur­ Alliance for Progress by President Kennedy. II. GUIDELINES FOR MASTER'S DEGREE PROGRAM pose of field work is to provide opportunity A new administration is in power today. IN PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION through observation, discussion, and partic­ As Americans we want to see the Carter GENERAL BASIS ipation in ongoing programs: administration a success. Yet in their desire a. to gain a broad understanding of public to change the world, old relationships should The basis for graduate programs in public health nutrition shall be consistent with the health and the role of the public health not be trampled on. Human rights is a nutritionist. worthy objective, but its orchestration and educational qualifications developed over a period of 30 years by The American Dietetic b. to provide the opportunity to integrate application have to be accomplished quietly theory with professional practice. to be effective. Association, American Home Economics As­ sociation, and the American Public Health c. to help students learn the practical You cannot in the United States legislate Association. Published statements are: aspects of assessing nutrition needs of a reform in Latin America or any other coun­ community, of planning, evaluating, and im­ try-yes, you can apply economic sanctions­ ( 1) " Educational Qualifications of Nutri­ tionists in Health Agencies." American Jour­ plementing prograxns to meet these needs. deny m111tary aid-influence normal banking d. to help students develop essential skills. channels. Will this produce results? No!! It nal of Public Health 52:1, January 1962. (2) "'Objectives for Graduate Preparation At least part of field work should be con­ will produce enmity that the United States current with academic study to fac111tate in­ will spend years recovering from. of Public Health Nutritionists," Journal of The American Dietetic Association 28, April tegration of these two components. Some In the meantime American business inter­ 1960. should be provided in a continuous block. ests in Latin America will suffer. Our markets While type and amount of field work will de­ will dry up-business will move to Japan, (3) "Guidelines-Field Course in Public Health Nutrition," mimeographed, 1966. pend upon the total curriculum and student to Europe and in some instances the Soviet needs as determined . by their faculty ad­ Union. Available from Chairman, Faculties of Grad­ uate Programs in Public Health Nutrition. visors, most students will probably need the Yet Latin America, I hope, will be patient equivalent of approximately two months full­ and wait until experienc'l takes over in the CURRICULUM FOR MASTER'S time 1n the field. administration. Then hopefuly traditional Recommendations reJ6arding curricula and Field experience appropriate to the func­ friendships will be renewed. The ingenuity standards for schools offering graduate train­ tion of a public health nutritionist should of the United States technicians will return ing in general public health nutrition lead­ be included. The following are examples hopefully to help fulfill the dream of a strong ing to advanced degree have been evaluated only: and powerful Latin America surging forward and summarized. Graduate programs in gen­ 1. Provide specific technical consultant as equal partners in tl'le common cause of a eral public health nutrition should be in a services in nutrition to individuals, agency better world for all mankind. school of public health that is accredited by staff, or groups in the community. the American Public Health Association or 2 . Participate in a survey to assess nutri­ in an accredited school or university in tional status and to determine knowledge which the graduate school offers graduate levels in a selected population concerning CRITERIA FOR ACCREDITED NU­ study in nutrition as ·.7ell as training in pub­ sound nutrition practices and attitudes or TRITION PROGRAMS SHOULD BE lic health nutrition. Strong recognized pro­ participate in any other .survey the agency EXPANDED grams have been in existence for 25 years in may be conducting. several institutions other than schools of 3. Design and carry out nutrition edu­ public health. cation efforts directed to meet specific HON. FREDERICK W. RICHMOND 1. The graduate program in public health problems of selected groups such as clinic OF NEW YORK nutrition should be under the direction of patients, consumer groups, health and nutri­ a full-time faculty member who has had ad­ tion aides, allied health personnel, elemen­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vanced preparation 1n the science of nutri­ tary and secondary school teachers, nurses. Monday, September 19, 1977 tion and broad experience in the field of ap­ 4. Prepare a program plan which includes plied human nutrition. This should include a problem with stated objectives, using sup­ Mr. RICHMOND. Mr. Speaker I knowledge of public health administration porting statistical data, method of providing would like to suggest that the cri~ria and public health practice. Furthermore, the service, and evaluating the outcome. for determining an accredited program the faculty should have members specifically 5 . Evaluate and select appropriate nutri­ in public health nutrition