Jackson brass • partial retreat

-story page 12

Why the Columbia SDS suffered setbacks

-See page 5-

Battle Madison cops

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Photo by Chuck Shoengrund When University of Wisconsin students tried to hold a attacked with clubs, mace, tear and pepper gas. Students street dance in a student neighborhood, Mayor William and other citizens reacted with rage (cop in upper left ~~ Bull " Dyke ordered his cops into action like they were corner stepped spryly to avoid ash can) and a series of an invading army. Students and townspeople alike were street battles followed. Story, page 6. Page 2 THE MILITANT Friday, May 16, 1969

Threat of iungle prison for Blanco THE MILITANT Editor: HARRY RING Business Manager: BEVERLY SCOTT An example of economic repri­ Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., 873 Broadway, New York, Life in jeopardy again sals against faculty members for N.Y. 10003. Phone 533-6414. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. political reasons is Dr. Morris Subscription: domestic, $4 a year; foreign, $5.50. By frrst class mail: domestic Starsky's salary problem. Dr. and Canada $10.50; all other countries, $15.00. Air printed matter: domestic for Peru revolutionary Starsky is the YSA's faculty ad­ and Canada, $15.00; Latin America, $24.00; Europe, $28.00; Africa, Australia, Asia (including USSR), $33.00. Write for sealed air postage rates. Signed articles viser and has been publicized lo­ New York, N.Y. by contributors do not necessarily represent The Militant's views. These are ex­ cally for his radical views. He is pressed in editorials. News has just been received that a tenured professor and the only Hugo Blanco is threatened with member of the philosophy depart­ Vol. 33- No. 11 Friday, May 16, 1969 being sent to a prison camp in the ment whose "merit pay" increase jungle region of eastern Peru was deleted from the budget. named El Sepa. The Phoenix Gazette reported The closing news date for this issue was May 9. The camp is completely isolated, This column is an open forum for all viewpoints on subjects of that "Regents President W. P. Goss being linked to Lima solely today denied that the regents had through military planes that bring general interest to our readers. Please keep your letters brief. Where ordered a 'squeeze play' on Star­ in supplies and relief guards. sky, controversial because of his An admission of bankruptcy The hot, humid climate is ex­ necessary they will be abridged. Writers' initials will be used, names far-left political views." tremely oppressive and the area Starsky said, however, "It looks is noted for the insects that make being withheld unless authorization Growing unemployment, nsmg international indebtedness, de­ is given for use. as if they consider these pay in­ life virtually unbearable for those creases as rewards or punish­ clining shares in world trade, and declining per capita growth confined to the camp under the ments for stepping out of line. rates: that is the balance sheet of the Latin American national most primitive conditions. issue, I recommend a reading of I think they see the salary scale economies-except for Cuba-eight years after the launching of Lacking in medical facilities, as a way of keeping you in line." with the prisoners at the complete Red Flag, Black Flag by Seale the Alliance for Progress. Lindley Garner mercy of brutal guards, it is ob­ and McConville, which describes The evidence is surveyed in a series of reports prepared by vious that anyone sentenced to how anti-Vietnam-war organizing United Nations experts and recently submitted to a meeting of laid the basis for the revolutionary Socialist advertising being held there has few chances the UN Economic Commmission for Latin America in Lima, Peru. movement which paralyzed for surviving long. According to the UN studies, while population in Latin America The official reason for transpor­ France last summer. 1n Cuba has been growing some three percent p~r year, the ability of the ting Hugo Blanco and other poli­ Most important is the question tical prisoners to this hell hole of whether the antiwar movement New York, N.Y. economies to absorb the growing labor force has not increased is that El Fronton, the prison should be of concern to American A day or so ago I was reading since 1961. As a result, thenumberofunemployed men and women island where they have been held revolutionaries. To these rrr Real some of the recent issues of Bo­ between the ages of 15 and 65 has risen from 18 million in 1960 up to now, is to be closed down. rrr Revolutionaries who answer hemia, one of the widely-circulated to 23 million this year-out of a labor force of 83 million. "no", I counterposetheresounding Cuban magazines, and it struck The government made this deci­ This rising unemployment is a direct consequence of the sluggish "yes" of the South Vietnamese N a­ me that Bohemia is showing very sion in view of the ability of the economic growth. Alliance plans projected a 5.5-percent annual prisoners to call national and tiona! Liberation Front (who hold graphically one of the results of international attention to the scan­ pretty good credentials as revolu­ a socialist revolution-what hap­ increase in gross national product. But the GNP grew less than dalous conditions prevailing in tionaries). If that isn't enough, pens to advertising after capital­ 4.8 percent per year, as compared with an annual average in­ the prison and the shocking treat­ then we can add the voice of Lenin, ism is abolished. crease of 5.1 percent during the 1950s. ment afforded the inmates. who held that it is the absolute It's such a common experience While unemployment is rising and growth rates declining, Latin duty of revolutionaries in an im­ when you're trying to win people The current military junta is American governments and capitalists are becoming increasingly perialist country to support the over to socialism to use the ex­ carrying out this "reform" initiated indebted to foreign lenders. The external debt, both public and by the regime they overthrew. colonial countries' wars of libera­ ample of the fantastic waste that Protests are in order on an in­ tion by propaganda and by takes place under capitalism to private, rose from $10 billion in 1960to almost $20 billion today. ternational scale. They should be action. He laid down the iron rule convince people to buy Brand X Since 1950, Latin America's exports have increased at an average addressed to the Peruvian embas­ that any party which failed to because it will make you smell rate of three percent annually; world exports during the same period sies and consulates and to the actively support such struggles in better and make you more so­ increased an average of seven percent per year. As a result, since the colonial world could not join military dictator, General Juan cially acceptable or to buy Brand 1950 the region's share of world trade fell from 11 percent to the Communist International. Y because it will make your aged Velasco Alvarado, Presidential 5.1 percent. Palace, Lima, Peru. Condition number eight of 21 sheets look whiter. So, for all Copies of protests should be conditions for admission to the your readers who want some good With the exception of four or five countries, not even nominal sent to CODDEH ( Comite de De­ Comintern, drafted by Lenin and examples to counter this practice land reform programs have been put into effect, and in those fens a de Los Derechos Homanos ), passed by the Second Congress of capitalism, here are a few ex­ countries where they have been adopted they have remained purely Casilla 10149, Lima, Peru. of the Comintern on August 6, amples from the Cuban press. nominal. 1920, says: "Every party which Richard Garza All of the ads I saw are aimed "It cannot but appear a startling paradox," one of the reports wishes to join the Communist In­ U.S. Committee for Justice to at educating the Cuban people says, "that while so many millions are poor and ill-fed, so high a Latin American Political ternational is obliged to expose on how to improve their society. proportion of the region's resources are standing idle and so many Prisoners (USLA) the tricks and dodges of its im­ There are a number of ads that P. 0. Box 2303, New York, N.Y. perialists in the colonies, to sup­ deal with health problems, for ex­ millions of peasants are unemployed." 10001 port every colonial liberation ample. One ad on this subject From the standpoint of satisfying human needs, the situation in movement not merely in words but shows a woman working in a Latin America is indeed "a startling paradox." But from the stand­ Free Huey Newton in deeds, to demand the expulsion factory, a young boy playing and point of the logic of world monopoly capitalism, there is nothing of tlleir own imperialists from an elderly man making shoes. these colonies, to inculcate among paradoxical about it. Resources are standing idle while so many demands SNCC It says, "Tetanus affects all ages. millions are unemployed because that state of affairs is profitable the workers of their country a For that reason it is important to the foreign, especially U. S., monopolies that dominate the Latin Los Angeles, Calif. genuinely fraternal attitude to the that you be protected with tetanus We demand thefreedomofHuey working people of the colonies and innoculations." American economies and to the native ruling classes of the area. P. Newton. We feel he is an inspi­ the oppressed nations, and to Another ad that struck me was Aside from its purely propagandistic, public-relations aspect, the carry on systematic agitation ration to the true lovers of liberty one on saving fuel. It says that Alliance for Progress was intended to solve a double problem among the troops of their country everywhere. Cuba has had to import oil which against any oppression of the confronting American capitalism. In the first place, the extreme Huey Newton stands against means the investment of a lot of colonial people." (emphasis underdevelopment of Latin America severely constricts a potentially white racism, capitalism and work and resources. It relates imperialism. He has understood added) highly profitable market and field of investment for U. S. mono­ What more is there to say? the value of oil to sugar and polies. In the second place-and of much greater immediate im­ the indivisible nature of our op­ says that to grow and harvest pression in this country. BRING THE TROOPS HOME portance-the extreme misery of the Latin American masses, taken one ton of sugar costs the same Huey Newton is our brother, NOW! as to buy six tons of oil-or that together with the achievements of the Cuban Revolution, posed and our comrade-in-arms. By his ac­ c. c. continues to pose the threat that socialist revolution will remove tion and political writings he has the Cuban people must produce around 810,000 tons of sugar the area from the sphere of U.S. imperialistdomination altogether. made our path to liberation more Political harassment Thus the Alliance aimed first of all at achieving a series of clear. each year just to pay for the oil they need. For that reason, they reforms in the region that would pacify the masses. Secondly, When the racist system strikes at Arizona State at Huey, our brother, it also conclude that the participation of it aimed at creating the economic conditions for more extensive strikes at SNCC. He is among Tempe, Ariz. the people as a whole is needed U. S capitalist investment in and trade with the area. the very best in our common The issue of abolishing ROTC to conserve fuel. The dismal failure of the Alliance, documented by the ECLA Judy White ranks. at Arizona State University has studies, confirms the Marxist estimate that these goals were and There can be no "preventive de­ led to more political harassment are self-contradictory. Politically, the Alliance sought to rely on the tention" for Huey Newton. His here. Wednesday, April 23, a established ruling classes to bring about the necessary reforms, valor has set us on the road to rally, sponsored by RSU (Radi­ Hairy error black power and human dignity. cal Student Union), YSA and SDS, recognizing that any genuinely popular movement would tend to History will absolve him. was held to emphasize the need New Brunswick, N.J. pass beyond the limits of the envisaged reforms and to tear the Phil Hutchings for abolishing ROTC. A legal sit­ Your issue of Feb. 21 includes region out of the sphere of U. S. imperialist domination. But these First Secretary to the Central in began at the ROTC by 10 indi­ in its column, "The Great Society," ruling classes are the very groups-the only groups-in the Committee, SNCC viduals who were fasting to dra­ a story about the Wyoming state Latin American countries that benefit from the existing situation. matize the issue. senate which a member of that To ask them to be the agents of land and tax reform is to ask the On Guardian-variety By Friday, April 25, when the body (and, I believe, the chair­ wolf to protect the sheep. sit-in had grown to about 50 stu­ man of the relevant committee) At the same time, any degree of economic development that revolutionaries dents, the fasters were arrested assures me is simply incorrect. for displaying a red flag and It appears that a bill such as the could significantly and quickly raise mass living standards and Atlanta, Ga. "causing a near-riot situation." one you mention was indeed intro­ realize the region's potential as a market and investment field would I'd like to add a comment to Gus University officials have stated duced, but was voted down by a threaten the superprofits now being drawn from the region. It Horowitz's excellent critique of the that the students were arrested large margin. would threaten them in the short term because it would require Guardian's anti-imperialism. for their own protection. Bail was E.T. that these superprofits be accumulated locally and invested in a [The Militant, April 25] Several set originally at $660each but was [The bill referred to would have way that would most rapidly raise the area's labor productivity. Guardian-variety revolutionaries lowered at the arraignment to lowered the voting age in Wy­ would threaten them in the long run because such development have tried to tell me that antiwar $330 each. They are all still in oming, with a Senate amendment It demonstrations are passe, that jail, now being threatened with limiting this privilege to those with of the underdeveloped countries would undermine the monopoly they aren't revolutionary enough, solitary confinement unless they short haircuts. Our report was positions of the advanced capitalist countries on which these even that Vietnam is a dead issue, allow their hair to be cut. based on a news clipping re­ superprofits depend. that it is no good as an "organi­ These arrests and the fact that porting that the bill had passed The record of the Alliance during its first eight years compel­ zing issue." faculty members have been haras­ the Senate. Since we keep the clip­ lingly testifies to the truth of the Marxist thesis that the world's I don't think any rational being sed by firings, economic reprisals pings used in the column for only productive forces can no longer develop within the narrow limits could defend the position that the and threats prove that the people one month after the item appears, war is a dead issue, so I'll skip who rule AS U will try any method we are unable to check further, of capitalism, that the alternatives confronting the underdeveloped that one. As for whether people they think will stifle dissent on and do regret the error. countries remain: either stagnation and growing misery or socialist can be "organized around" the this campus. -Harry Ring] revolution. Friday, May 16, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 3

Charleston hospital strikers and supporters of Ft. Jackson Gis greet Nixon at Columbia, S.C. airport. S. Carolinians back Jackson Gls Antiwar airman

By Helen Schiff ry and have been in jail for four days. On the evening of the Nixon demonstra­ scores partial COLUMBIA, S.C. -An intensive, wide­ Plans had been made to present Nixon tion, Michael Smith, one of the attorneys spread campaign to defend the Ft. Jack­ with an open letter and petition from G Is for the Ft. Jackson 8, had spoken on the son 8 has been going on in this small, United and the G I Civil Liberties Defense case at a rally in support of the Charles­ victory in case usually quiet and very conservative city Committee. The letter said in part, "On ton hospital workers. which has Ft. Jackson on its outskirts. June 5, 1966, in the London Sunday G I interest and support for the Ft. Jack­ In the past three weeks there have been Times, Gen. James F. Hollingsworth, com­ son 8 has been widespread too. Despite LOS ANGELES-Airman 1/c David four major demonstrations, a petition cam­ mander at Ft. Jackson, stated, 'There's continued harassment by the brass and Mays won a partial victory at court-mar­ paign and support meetings of students nothing I love better than killin' Cong, warnings not to talk to the press about tial proceedings at Norton Alr Force Base and Gis. No Sir.' He was never arrested for ex­ the case, G Is have been signing support April28, according to a statement released pressing his political ideas. The Ft. Jack­ petitions, meeting every Sunday at the here by the Gis and Vietnam Veterans High point of the support activity came son 8 want to stop the killing, bring the UFO coffee house to hear the latest on the Against the War and the Student Mobiliza­ May 4 when backers of the victimized troops home now- alive, and spend our case, and of course, talking to the press, tion Committee. Gis, largely from the University of South country's treasure to aid the poor. For which has been flocking here in droves, Mays was tried for allegedly disobeying Carolina, joined with striking hospital this they are under arrest. As commander representing such media as the New York workers to meet President Nixon at the a direct order. He could have received up in chief you have the power to free these Times, Newsweek, Playboy, Washington local airport. About a hundred striking to one month of hard labor. He was sent­ men and thereby reaffirm the rights of all Post, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, New York black Charleston hospital workers and enced to reduction from airman to airman Americans, including our citizen-soldiers Times Magazine, UPI, NBC, Educational their supporters had travelled the 120 basic, forfeiture of part of one month's to free speech and assembly. Millions of TV, West German television, and the miles to Columbia to present their de­ pay and restriction to the base for three Americans are concerned about the Ft. London Daily Telegram. days. mands to the president. They and the Jackson 8 and await your action." G Is from other bases in the South, in­ The court-martial can be traced to Mays' Ft. Jackson 8 supporters exchanged union Nixon, of course, did not make him­ cluding Ft. Gordon, Beaufort Air Station, participation in the April 6 GI-Civilian caps and picket signs and, in effect, joined self available to the antiwar contingent. and Shaw Air Force Base have come to Antiwar March at McArthur Park. Monday their protest actions. The petition demanding immediate release Columbia to find out more about the following the demonstration, Mays was Seven who joined the contingent were of the Ft. Jackson 8 and signed by over Gis United Against the War at Ft. Jackson brutally beaten and arrested by cops for 300 G Is and civilians from Columbia and given three extra work details, all of which and what can be done in defense of the were janitorial type duties, such as scrub­ carrying a red banner which the cops said Ft. Jackson was finally sent, via certified eight at their bases. There is now a thriving bing floors, emptying waste paper baskets was a "Viet Cong flag." Three of the seven mail, to President Nixon and Gen. Hol­ chapter of Gis United at Ft. Bragg. A and cleaning out the latrines. have been charged with assault and batte- lingsworth. Ft. Jackson "graduate" stationed in Viet­ Mays was required to ask permission to nam wrote back for organizing literature get a drink of water or go to the latrine. in preparation for forming a Gis United April 9, Mays and another enlisted man in Vietnam, thus internationalizing the or­ were carrying out their regular work detail ganization. of scrubbing and waxing the floor. When they were fmished, they were told the job was unsatisfactory and would have to be Grape boycott redone. Mays refused to comply with what he saw as an unlawful order although he to hit Safeway offered to redo the waxing the next day if his NCO would stay and supervise. When By Virginia Kaye this suggestion was turned down, Mays FREEMONT, Calif.- A boycott against was informed that he would be charged the national chain of Safeway supermarkets with insubordination. will be launched here May 10. It is part On April 14, he was formally charged of the continuing struggle to win a decent with disobeying a direct lawful order of wage for California farm workers. an NCO. He was also told that his court­ Safeway Stores are a prime example of martial would be later the same day. Mays the "agribusiness" monopolies. They oper­ immediately contacted the G Is and Vietnam ate 2,222 retail food stores, including ma­ Vets, who arranged for a lawyer and won jor subsidiaries in Canada and overseas. a postponement to April 28. Thirty-three Safeway Drug Centers are Many telegrams were sent to the com­ operated in California. It is the largest manding officer at Norton demanding an handler of California table grapes in the end to Mays' harassment and there was a West. supporting demonstration the day of his Safeway buys over $1 million worth of trial. grapes from the Guimarra Vineyards alone, the scab operation which is the central target of the present farm workers' strike. At the same time, the directors of Safe­ Marxist way also sit as the heads of agribusiness corporations, banks, utilities and farm Economic Theory equipment campanies- playing a pivotal role in California's $6 billion farm indus­ try. By Ernest Mandel As the largest food buyer in the West, Safeway can force out smaller farmers and The most important work on Marxist establish monopoly food prices. In 1966, economics written in this generation, it for example, an analysis of meat prices is the best and most up-to-date introduc­ revealed that chain supermarkets in the tion to the economic ideas of Marx and Denver area-where Safeway controls 42 their application to contemporary prob­ percent of food sales-were boosting beef lems. prices to make 46 percent profits. The boycott will last for the duration of 2 Volumes Safeway's phony "neutrality'' in the Califor­ AT SOCIALIST YOUTH CONFERENCE. Peter Camejo delivers speech on nia grape struggle. A leaflet issued by the 380 pp each volume "Making the American Revolution" which received rousing ovation at East San Francisco Citizens Don't Buy Grapes Coast May Day Socialist Educational Weekend in New York May 2-4. Over Committee reads: $15.00 per set 200 people participated in the weekend which featured a banquet and campaign "There are many individuals who feel rally for New York Socialist Workers candidates. Other speakers at conference that the famous 'S' of Safeway represents included Militant staff member Mary-Alice Waters on "The Lessons of May­ a red serpent. It fattens itself by the strug­ erit June," George Novack on "Reform and Revolution in American History," gle, sweat and bloody violence which the s7 J.. B-roa-dw_a_y and YSA leader Tony Thomas on "The Black Liberation Struggle and the poor farm workers of Delano continue to --ftublishers Colonial Revolution." suffer for social justice!" NewYork,N Y 10003 Telephone 673-4900 Page 4 THE MILITANT Friday, May 16, 1969 Seek to disbar New Africa leader

[The following are excerpts from a state­ States citizenship. The ramifications are ment issued May 3 by the Republic of New immense. In the particular case of a lawyer, Africa.] a lawyer is barred from practice in the United States Federal Courts ifhe is barred DETROIT- The action of a Pontiac Mu­ from practice in the state courts. This means nicipal Judge in barring Attorney Milton the United States unless it acts otherwise, R. Henry (Brother Gaidi), First Vice Pres­ will be in the position of accepting the ident of the Republic of New Africa, from Pontiac Municipal Judge's view that black practicing law in his courtroom on grounds people have no United States citizenship. that Henry is not a citizen is part of a con­ One of the ramifications of such a deci­ certed attack upon fighting black lawyers sion by the Michigan Supreme Court would and justices, according to New African Of­ be that black people as a group would ficials. But it may also represent the first become entitled to negotiate their status crack in the dam of United States refusal with the state of Michigan and the United to recognize the independence of black States government the same as Indians as people as put forth by the Republic of New a group negotiated theirs, the same as Africa. Filipinos as a group once negotiated theirs, Brother Gaidi told the press here today and the same as Puerto Ricans had theirs that the Judge's action "was not intended negotiated. to assist black people in their 11truggle for In other words, black people would be­ freedom and independence. It was, instead, come entitled, as New Africa has con­ Brother Gaidi a part of the campaign that has recently tended all along, to have a black nation intensified in the Detroit area to take from make a settlement with the United States sheer tyranny unsupported by justice and black people their most vocal and effective government for land, money, trading cre­ international law for the United States to lawyers and judges." Gaidi cited virulent dits, and other materials as compensation apply a tax law to us before the United attacks upon Recorder's Court Judge the United States there is no citizenship. for slavery and all the discrimination black States has settled with us for what they owe George Crockett which followed the New What the Pontiac judge did was to accept people have suffered in America since slav­ us for slavery and subsequent discrimina­ Bethel incident of March 29th. In that in­ the New African argument and ignore the ery. Black people become entitled, through tion, and/ or before an explicit accord be­ cident a white police officer was killed and formal procedure called for by the United a black nation, to make all sorts of treaties tween our two peoples is worked out. a small army of police then stormed and States law when one wishes to renounce affecting their relationships with the United New African officials therefore eagerly shot up New Bethel Church, without warn­ one's citizenship. If the Michigan Supreme States, and these treaties would certainly await the action of the Michigan Supreme ing, and brutalized and arrested some 150 Court upholds this judge's position, then affect such things as the payment of taxes. Court on the recommendation sent to them men, women and children. Judge Crockett, New Africa will have achieved a major Obviously if we are a people without by the Pontiac Municipal Judge that Bro­ aroused from bed, promptly forced the victory, because it would mean, in the United States citizenship and, until now, ther Gaidi be barred from practice in Police Department to produce those ar­ contemplation of the state of Michigan, without a government recognized by the Michigan because he is not a United States rested and release most of them. . . . that no black person has any United United States ... it would be an act of citizen. Brother Gaidi pointed out, however, that if the state Supreme Court were to sustain the action of the Pontiac Municipal Judge Boutelle urges student control fight it would represent the first time that a governmental agency in the United States has accepted the position of the Republic of New Africa on the independence ofblack people. The position of the Republic of New Africa- and this is the position stated by High school rebellion rocks N.Y. Brother Gaidi in court-is that no black person in America has legal citizenship. By AI Rosenthal In some high schools, police guards are stop any measures for community control. New Africa reasons that after the slave in NEW YORK-Student uprisings of un­ assigned to walk students to the toilet. Teachers are encouraged to seize upon America was freed by the 13th Amend­ precedented scope have been rocking New On April 22, the state legislature passed imagined offenses to provide grist for the ment, he was denied choices to which every York City's schools. Strikes, occupations, a bill making it a crime to "disrupt the UFT's racist mill. Demagogic charges of freed man is entitled. Those choices are and student-administration confrontations normal functioning of classes" in any public "anti-Semitism" are hurled at all those mem­ ( 1 ) whether he would wish to become a occurred last week at over half the city's school, punishable by a year injail. House bers of the black and Puerto Rican com­ citizen of the United States; (2) whether he high schools and many junior highs. These speakers talked of the need to "curb dis­ munity who are struggling for control over would wish to go to another country; (3) upsurges promise to continue. orders" in the same spirit that Lindsay their schools. whether he would wish to go back to,Africa; The fundamental issue in the New York has sworn to use "the full resources of the In Paul Boutelle's view, the solution for or ( 4) whether he would wish to set up his City schools is community control. The police department in the high schools." New York City's schools is for students own country. Instead of these choices, the demands of the black and Puerto Rican These conditions are compounded by to link up with the black and Puerto Rican ex-slave was told by the 14th Amendment communities for control over their schools the attitudes of the Shanker-led UFT. The communities in a joint struggle for com­ that he was a citizen. He was told-not have been met by police occupations and UFT brass has campaigned for years to munity control. asked. The very fact that the white man arbitrary administrative rulings. The stu­ could tell a supposedly free man that he dents have no voice at all in running their has to be a citizen wipes out the original schools, the administration having the last grant of freedom, and without freedom in word over even the nominal student gov­ ernments. Paul Boutelle, Socialist Workers candi­ New ISR features date for mayor, has denounced the present school system and has made "Black and Puerto Rican Control of Black and Puerto Mandel article Rican Education" a key issue of his cam­ paign. He pointed out that under the present Should workers fight for positions on system, where the capitalist government management control committees in their controls all decisions on education, the New plants? To what degree should workers York state legislature cut 20 percent of the participate in such committees if employers education budget, while the federal govern­ are willing to grant them positions? ment spends billions on the war in Vietnam. "The Debate on Workers Control," fea­ The physical condition of the schools tured in the May-June issue of the Inter­ is appalling. Some schools operate at over national Socialist Review, is a discussion 150 percent capacity, which results in dan­ of these questions by Ernest Mandel, the gerous fire hazards. Many schools are noted Belgian Trotskyist economist. listed by the board of housing as unfit At frrst sight the answers might seem ob­ for human occupancy! High School Stu­ vious. But Mandel shows that they pose the dents for Boutelle, in its 18-pointprogram, question of class-struggle vs. reformist pro­ calls for a "crash school construction pro­ gram for trade-union activity. He uses the Cram to end overcrowding and replace opportunity of this debate to explain the all dilapidated buildings." Such a program transitional approach of revolutionary will be possible when control over school Marxists to workers' struggles. spending is in the hands of the people of Also included in the new issue of the ISR New York. is an article on the role of banks in the Jeff Mackler, SWP candidate for presi­ United States, "The Financial Empires of dent of city council who is a city school America's Ruling Class," By Dick Roberts, teacher active in the New Coalition, the a writer on economics for The Mllitant. UFT opposition caucus to Shanker, ripped Roberts takes up such questions as: How the curriculum of the city's schools: great is the power and wealth of the richest "At most public schools, there is no edu­ families? What role do pension and mutual cation going on. Not only is teaching funds play in stockownership? How does thoroughly inadequate, but the programs this compare with the role of banks? are useless and geared to class and ethnic There are also three shorter articles on backgrounds totally alien to many high­ the "convergence" of Social Democratic and schoolers. Afro-American history and cul­ Stalinist political movements in Europe. ture is still only taught at those few high These take as a pivot the ideas of Otto schools still under the city's 'experimental' Bauer, once the leading theoretician of the decentralization programs. Austrian social democracy. "Education can only become relevant Bauer's theories are shown to contain when the communities and the students what is an essential ingredient of reform­ decide curriculum for themselves." ism-in any variety-distrust and con­ Student struggles around the most ele­ tempt for the working class. mentary demands have been met with police The International Socialist Review can violence and legal crackdowns. Lindsay be obtained for 50 cents a copy form 873 reacted predictably to last week's protest Photo by Liberation News Service Broadway, New York, N. Y. 10003. A by calling in the police. Every high school Black Panther demands freedom for Huey Newton at Long Island subscription, for six issues, is $2.50. in New York was assigned a police detail. City, N.Y. high school. Friday, May 16, 1969 THE MiliTANT Page 5

The decline of SDS at Columbia

THE HIGH POINT. Scene in front of Columbia's Low lack of clear political orientation and frustrated politics Memorial Library April 29, 1968, day before the brutal of ultra-left adventurism reduced support to point where bust that made headlines around the globe. During that attempted building occupation this spring drew only a By Paula Reimers occupation SDS had tremendous campus support. But few hundred.

(The author is a student at Barnard, ment is not consciously "anti-imperialisf' within Columbia SDS. PL took the posi­ jective in working with high school students the women's college of Columbia Univer­ and that therefol'e revolutionaries cannot tion that the Vietnamese had "sold out" has been to build the movement at Colum­ sity.) work with it. While the consciousness ofthe by negotiating with the U. S. in Paris, bia, with little concern whether this would broad antiwar movement may not be uni­ and that students should concentrate their actually serve the interests of the high school formly anti-imperialist, the actions it carries activity on "local issues" and Columbia students. The Columbia University SDS today out, mobilizing the American people to expansion into the neighboring blackcom­ The High School Coalition declared April finds itself in a political and organization oppose the war, are objectively anti-impe­ munity. The anti-PL SDS leaders, having 21 as "D Day," the day on which city-wide crisis- a crisis that is part of a larger one rialist, in that they significantly impede no long-range political perspective of their action would be taken in response to the now developing in SDS on a national imperialism's attempt to crush the Viet­ own, were forced to find a counterorien­ Board of Education's refusal to grant the scale. The symptoms are internecine fac­ namese revolution. It is also the duty tation or let leadership of SDS fall to PL. demands. Columbia SDS invited the stu­ tional warfare, lack of political direction, of every revolutionary to intervene in this This was probably the strongest motivation dents to Columbia for a rally in support of loss of political prestige on campus, a mass movement precisely in order to raise behind SDS' limited antiwar drive. their demands. sense of despair and frustration among the level of consciousness from antiwar The black struggle Three days later, it became evident that the members. This in a time of mounting to anti-imperialist. The other major crisis of American capi­ the alliance between SDS and the high student radicalization. SDS at Columbia has carried out the same talism is the growing militancy ofthe black school students had broken down. The Columbia provides an instructive ex­ narrow policy in its agitation against liberation struggle. following article, entitled "Brandeis De­ ample of the problems now besetting an NROTC (Naval ROTC) and military re­ Black students are in the forefront of nounces SDS," appeared in the Black Stu­ increasing number of SDS chapters. The cruiting. the student movement today, pressing their dent Union's newsletter, Quick News: situation at Columbia is summed up in Columbia students are almost entirely demands for control of their education "Thursday (the 24th) saw the circula­ the fact that last spring SDS led the na­ opposed to the war and opposed to any in nearly every college and high school tion of a leaflet by Puerto Rican and tion's most publicized campus revolt. This kind of military training that would aid in this country. Clearly, every revolution­ Black students of Brandeis HS denoun­ spring, despite deepening antiwar senti­ that war. But SDS has demanded that ary organization must relate to the struggle cing the Students for a Democratic Society. ment, Columbia SDS found itself unable to everyone subscribe to its concept of" anti­ now being we.ged by black people for It charges SDS with using black and Puerto carry though an effective action against imperialism" to be eligible to oppose the self-determination. Rican students in their fight against Co­ ROTC. military on campus. This has alienated Yet SDS has had a very difficult time lumbia University and of destroying their In a single year, the chapter has deter­ large numbers of students and faculty mem­ adopting any coherent, thought-out policy efforts to organize Brandeis around the riorated from a movement capable of mo­ bers whose support could have been en­ with regard to the black struggle. SDSers 15 DEMANDS by using the demands as bilizing significant sectors of the campus listed in a drive to force NROTC and have felt a sense of solidarity with black a lure to Columbia. The black and Puerto body to a relatively small group of radi­ military recruiters off the Columbia people. But SDS is now learning the hard Rican students also said that SDS had not cals, isolated and alienated from the mass campus. way that a political program cannot be consulted any of the black or Puerto Rican of the students. Instead of consciously attempting to mo­ based on "feelings" alone. groups involved in the HS D-DAY OF­ The war issue bilize the thousands of students who oppose The question of support to black nation­ FENSIVE. POWER!!!!!" Along with the black liberation struggle, NRO TC and military recruiting, SDS chose alism has thrown SDS into internal turmoil the war in Vietnam is central to American to initiate commando-type tactics in which time and again. There have been numerous Students Afro-American Society political life today. It is the central pre­ a tiny group of" conscious anti-imperialists" vicious faction fights between Progressive Nearly five months previous, the Colum­ sent-day confrontation in the world between participated. Labor which brands the demand for black bia Students Afro-American Society (SAS) imperialism and the world revolution. The When military recruiters came to campus self-determination as reactionary, and the had presented the administration with the heroic struggle of the Vietnamese must be in February, SDS called a demonstration SDS independents who disagree. demand for an all-black Interim Board. defended by everyone who considers him­ which drew about 500 students. This dem­ But even while opposing PL's false posi­ The board was to be composed of students, self a revolutionary. onstration rapidly dwindled to less than tion, SDS leaders contradict the principle faculty and community people, and was Also, the war in Vietnam has radicalized 100 as SDS led the group into adventuristic of self-determination by denying the right to have the power to create a Black Studies more students than any other single issue. actions. They threw stink bombs into Casa of black people to lead and direct their Institute and to establish other programs The antiwar movement has mobilizedhun­ Hispanica which missed the recruiters and own struggles for their own demands. to deal with the black experience at Co­ dreds of thousands of college and high In a number of instances, SDS has not lumbia. SAS carried out an extensive cam­ school students in opposition to American hit the library. Thentheyinvadedacampus only denied in action the right of black paign and won considerable support from imperialist aggression, and in defense of the office tearing out phones and smashing typewriters. leadership in the black struggle, but has all sectors of campus opinion. Vietnamese revolution. even tried to co-opt that struggle and use Yet SDS nationally has stubbornly pur­ These unmotivated actions succeeded While SDS leaders paid lip-service to the only in antagonizing the great majority it to build SDS. need for black leadership of the black strug­ sued an abstentionist policy in relation to For example: a series of struggles were of students and faculty, including a great gle, they carried out actions which cut the organized antiwar movement, viewing initiated this spring by black and Puerto many of those who opposed recruiting across black leadership. it as an organizational "competitor." Ex­ Rican high school students and by the on campus, and SDS found itself isolated. cepting the first one in 1965, SDS has not Columbia Students Afro-American Society. On April 17 SDS occupied Philosophy The next action was a non-disruptive helped organize a single one of the mass The leadership of SDS reacted to these Hall. The demands of the occupation were sit-in, which could have attracted a great mobilizations against the war in the past struggles in a way that can onlybecharac­ open admissions- and the SDS demands! deal of support. It attracted only about four years. terized as at once both opportunistic and 100 students, however, because most stu­ Ironically enough, at the same time, Columbia SDS has justified its abstention sectarian. SAS was trying to hold a previously sche­ dents by now viewed SDS with suspicion. from the organized antiwar movement, They have tried to use the struggles of duled teach-in in support of its own de­ SDS had acquired a reputation for mani­ with the argument that the antiwar move- other groups to "spark" the campus into mands. SDS's sit-in diverted many radicals pulating people into confrontations. political action under SDS leadership. The from the SAS teach-in. Finally, SDS called for a one-day strike clearest expression of this was in SDS's The occupation, in support of the SAS to show support for its demands. But it relation to the high school student move­ demands, was carried out without the know­ was so ill-conceived as to assure in ad­ ment and to the demands of the Students vance it would be ineffective. First, the strike Afro-American Society. ledge of the SAS. Whether intended or not, was called forthemiddleofmid-termexams High school struggle the objective result of this action was to week, a very difficult time to convince undercut black leadership. It implied that LOS ANGELES The High School Coalition, a city-wide students to support a strike. Secondly, black students did not know how to lead BRADLEY: PRO & CON. Speakers: Ken O'Duna, Youth organization of black and Puerto Rican SDS made no attempt whatsoever to enlist the struggle for their own demands, that Committee lor Bradley; George Davis, Socialist Workers high school students, presented a series the support of the many campus organi­ of 15 demands to the Board of Education. they were not militant enough, and that Party; Walter Lippman, Young Socialist Alliance; a rep­ zations which supported the issues of the The demands centered around the establish­ white students could show them "how to do resentative of the Black Panther Party. Fri., May 16 strike. The outcome was dismal. ment of courses on black and Puerto Rican it right." 8:30 p.m., 1702 E. 4th St. Contrib. $1 Ausp. Militant Then SDS abruptly abandoned activity history and culture, the hiring of more SDS recently issued another leaflet which Labor Forum. on the NROTC and recruiting issues. The black and Puerto Rican teachers, open reaffirmed the right of black leadership • demands around NROTC and recruiting admissions to area colleges, and similar for the black struggle. But actions speak NEW YORK were subsumed into the more general SDS issues. louder than words. COLOR SLIDES OF CUBA: EYEWITNESS REPORT. Hear demands. Columbia SDS made the demand for open Dan Rosenshine, recently returned from Cuba. Fri., The "antiwar" orientation, such as it was, admissions to Columbia from neighboring (This is the first part of a two-installment May 16,8:30 p.m. 873Broadway, near 18th St. Contrib. had developed originally during a fac­ high schools one of its primary demands article. Next week: the factional struggles S1 HS students 50c. Ausp. Militant Labor Forum. tional struggle with Progressive Labor for the spring. However, SDS's main ob- in Columbia SDS.) Page 6 THE MILITANT Friday, May 16, 1969

An effective mass action Student s

By Rick Congress BLOOMINGTON, Ind., May 6-For the last week and a half Indiana Univer­ sity has been involved in one of the longest mass protest actions in the history of American campus activism. Seven rallies in 11 days have drawn three to ten thou­ sand students to discuss and plan action to prevent a 68 percent increase in student fees for the coming Fall semester. The accomplishments to date offer valuable lessons on organizing effective campus action. The drastic increase in fees was the re­ sult of a general budget cut in appropria­ tions for education recently passed by the Indiana legislature. Purdue University, al­ so hit hard by the budget cut, initiated ac­ tion in the state with a boycott of the stu­ dent union, a sit-in at the administration building and a boycott of classes. Photo by Chuck Schoengrund Purdue students contacted student leaders University of Wisconsin students resist police attack. at IU to arrange for a support rally. On April 24, Purdue students addressed a rally of 2,500 on the IU campus organized by a broad coalition including the student government, YSA, SDS, New University Conference (NUC) and others. IUstudents The battle with the Madison cops took the initiative by demanding the right to examine the university budget to deter­ mine where budget priorities lay and what By Harriet Ashton and Bob Wilkinson and widespread than on previous nights. of the students' feelings toward the cops. possible alternative sources of income were MADISON, Wis., Tuesday, May 6- Arrests were relatively few, the cops pre­ Just last month FirefJ.ghters Local 311 a vail able to the university besides increased Southern Wisconsin riot police, under the ferring to exact punishment on the streets. carried out a militant strike for pay parity student fees. direction of Madison Mayor William "Bull" People walking down the streets, singly or with the city cops. In a return gesture of That night the student senate elected a Dyke, are waging a riotous assault against in groups, would be beaten, maced, or solidarity for the student support of that seven-man committee, including YSA residents of the neighborhoods surround­ gassed by gangs of rioting cops. Each strike, the firemen paid the $507 bail for spokesman Russell Block, to go over the ing the University of Wisconsin. Students such incident would result in a hail of rocks Alderman Soglin. It is also reported that budget with administrators. In a five-hour and townspeople alike have been gassed, and bottles in the direction of the nearest firemen refused a police request to hose meeting with administrators the following beaten and jailed. squad car, police wagon, or knot ofpolice. down the "rioting" residents of the Mifflin Sunday the student budget committee ran The police riot, now entering its fourth By 1 a.m., the Mifflin Street area had been St. community, saying they would hose into a solid wall of opposition. day, began when Madison cops decided to "pacified," but several hundred people were down the cops first. On Sunday night the student leaders met bust up a street dance students wanted to left on State Street, the main business area University of Wisconsin officials are try­ and decided on four demands: 1) rescind hold in a residential area near the campus. near downtown Madison. ing to fake neutrality by deploring the lack the fee increase, 2) a student budget com­ Claiming that there was no city ordinance Despite an atmosphere of tear and pepper of student-cop rapport. They have offered mittee with parity and veto power over the permitting street dances, city officials re­ gas, those remaining showed no desire to a University parking area for a dance. budget, 3) a graduated tuition based upon fused to allow the party, which wastohave go home as long as the cops were around. Residents are expected to insist on their income by 1970and4)freetuitionby 1972. begun on Saturday afternoon. The events Bone-weary, the police left, their war of right to have the original side street near These demands were presented to adminis­ that afternoon set off a pattern of steadily attrition lost, at least this time around. their homes blocked off for the dance, and trators at a rally in the athletic field house escalating police violence which has ter­ What had started Saturday night as a also the right of amnesty for those arrested. attended by 10,000 students. rorized this community from fraternity peaceful street dance by a couple of hun­ row to the homes of factory workers and dred people, has been paralyzed by the po­ old people. lice attack into a major physical and poli­ Determined to exercise their rights, cam­ tical confrontation with no end yet in sight. pus-area residents have defended them­ Residents of the east and southeast campus selves with barricades, and have hurled area are demanding that police withdraw, missiles at cops who were attempting to that charges against all those arrested be beat students. In addition, many people dropped, that there be no further reprisals, have engaged in diversionary actions, such and . . . that permission be granted to as garbage-can fires and shop-window hold a street dance on Miffiin St. They are breaking, to scatter the savage cops. supported by ministers, faculty members As of Sunday night, over 100 people and even some landlords. had been arrested, mostly students, but also On Saturday, students, some shouting several young workers and two city alder­ "Paris lives" and "No more brothers inj ail," men. A third alderman was gassed and had constructed barricades against the had to hide in a student apartment to rampaging cops who had invaded their avoid a beating by police. Also as of neighborhood that afternoon. Sunday night, 37 people had been taken to Cops were sent to break up the dance on hospitals for injuries, including 15 cops. the pretext that the students had no permit. As of this writing the cop riot area covers The mayor had refused to grant a permit about two square miles. for the party because he didn't want to "set Last evening began with a meeting at a precedent." He did, however, set a prece­ the corner of Mifflin and Basset streets, dent as cops arrested the ward's alderman, near the spot where the street dance would Paul Soglin. Cops went after people indis­ have been held. "Bull" Dyke tried to con­ criminately (one person was arrested for vince a crowd of some 1,500 that he throwing a frisbee across the street) and could do nothing for the students because students reacted. Rocks flew and soon the the "law" had to be enforced. At one point fight was no longer over just a dance, but during this meeting, a landlord demanded rather over whom the street belonged to­ amnesty for all those arrested. the cops or the people. As the cops escalated After the mayor left, a half-hour mora­ Photo by Chuck Shoengrund their violence and began gassing a three­ torium was announced to allow people to square-block area witfl gas cannisters and consider his offer that they disperse. In fogging machines, the issue became one of reply, the students erected a four-foot ~gh self-defense. barricade across Mifflin St., ignited it, Students constructed six barricades. At and awaited the police. Throughout the one main highway severalhundredpeople, rest of the evening, dozens of smaller aided by a truck driver, pushed a huge barricades went up, and thousands of stu­ construction truck into the intersection dents and others moved through the streets thereby blocking traffic and diverting the and alleys of Madison, several hundred of cops' attack. them throwing rocks. Some of the heaviest On Sunday, people were still determined barrages came from fraternity houses. to show the city administration that it could Police violence was much more massive not commit such aggression again and get off easily. Students attempted once more to hold a street dance in the 500 block of Miffiin Street, in the heart of the student ghetto. A repeat, on a larger scale, of the last night's performance followed. Cops beat people, gassed the whole area with CN tear gas, driving many people from their homes. On several occasions police invaded houses with gas and clubs and made numberous arrests. Alderman Soglin was rearrested, and Eugene Parks, the city's only black alderman, was arrested when he attempted to aid a student being beaten Photo by Chuck Shoengrund by police. ENCOUNTERS. On Madison's State St., cop hurls gas grenade. On side The frremen, although harried by the street, cop car crashes one of numerous minibarricades thrown up to impede increase in frre calls, seem to share some police traffic. Frida~ May 16, 1969 THE MiliTANT Page 7 Harpur YSAer is elected ~ike hits U of Indiana student body president BINGHAMTON, N.Y., May 6-Run­ baiting attack was launched against the ning on a socialist program, Gary Wurt­ YSA, twisting its support for the Arab Once again the administration concen­ somed. A mass movement of totally un­ zel, candidate of the Young Socialist Al­ revolution into the claim that it supported trated its efforts on a justification of the expected size had been unleashed. YSAers liance, was elected president of the Harpur Arab "violence and blooshed." It was ap­ budget and refused to answer the demands. and other radicals were kept busy run­ College United Student Government yes­ parently assumed that this would be ef­ The trustees of the university, represen­ ning from dormitory to dormitory for terday. He polled 1,306 votes as against fective since there are many Jewish stu­ tatives of the major banking and manu­ speaking engagements. Mass action had 850 for his opponent. The victory came dents on the campus. But when the YSAers explained their principled support of the facturing interests in Indiana, were invited opened the minds of thousands of students after an attempt by student government officials to prevent him from taking office Palestine liberation struggle, they won over to the meeting but declined to attend. The to revolutionary ideas. Red armbands be­ on the basis of an earlier election where many students. students delivered a 48-hour ultimatum came the symbol of strike unity and were he had won by a plurality. Andrea Baron, This debate and discussion of YSA poli­ to the administration. in evidence all over the campus. a YSA running mate, was elected secretary. cies was carried on the campus radio sta­ A Tuesday night rally to discuss tactics A May 4 rally to decide whether to Wurtzel's victory in the frrst election was tion and in public forums. A good number continue the strike drew over 10,000. They drew 4,000 people. The rally ended with arbitrarily voided on the basis of claimed, of subscriptions to The Militant were sold voted overwhelmingly to continue the strike a march to the main auditorium steps, in the course of the campaign. Election and called a rally for Friday to re-evaluate unspecified "irregularities" in the election. where Frank McKinney, Indiana's big­ leaflets effectively concretized and related the situation. The leadership, as in any The second vote brought a record turn­ gest banker, the boss of the Democratic out of students- 86 percent cast ballots socialist concepts to the campus. Party and chairman of the IU board mass struggle, involved people of different political tendencies. Any attempts at small, compared to about 50 percent the frrst The Harpur YSA will utilize its elected of trustees, was burned in effigy. positions to inititate militant campus vanguard ultraleft activities were isolated time- and the returns made the victory On Wednesday an outdoor rally was unmistakable. actions and to further the education of held to receive the answer to the demands. and subsumed in the mass rallies and the power of the strike. More importantly, the Wurtzel and five other YSA candidates students in the principles of socialism. Once again the administration stalled. Stu­ ran for student government posts on a In addition to the winning candidates, dents did not delay any longer, but im­ attempts by the administration and oppor­ tunistic elements centered around the stu­ socialist platform, and utilized the cam­ the YSA ran Peter Gellert for first vice­ mediately called for a boycott of classes paign to educate to socialist ideas. Their president; John Smith for second vice­ to last through the weekend and be re­ dent government to derail the strike have so far been put down by the momentum program included opposition to institu­ president; and Arnold Weissberg for advo­ considered at a meeting on Sunday. tionalized racism; support of self-determi­ cate; They polled between 300 and 800 On Thursday another rally was held of the action. Crass attempts to manipu­ late the microphone at the mass rallies nation for black students, with a special votes. to receive the administration's answer to admissions policy to boost black enroll­ Gary Wurtzel is a junior who has been the four demands. Forty-five minutes before and cloud over the clear determination of mobilized students to shut it down until ment; opposition to campus complicity active in the radical movement for three the scheduled 1:00 p.m. start of the rally, with the war machine and to university years, formerly as a member of SDS. fire broke out in the graduate library. the fees are rescinded have badly damaged the credibility of the so-called responsible cooperation with the selective service. Andrea Baron is also a well-known campus A pall of smoke from burning books In the course of the campaign a red- radical. hung over the crowd as Acting Chan­ student leaders. The Campus Caucus, which includes cellor John Snyder delivered the admi­ YSA, SDS, NUC andotherpoliticalgroups nistration response to student demands. as well as dormitories and fraternities, Snyder tried to use the fire to break the How to cope with the attacks has emerged as the strike steering com­ student strike. He said that people all mittee committed to continuing the struggle. over the state would blame the fire on The rightward elements have been forced student dissidents and demanded that the to participate in this Campus Caucus by on the campus struggles boycotters return to class. His ploy fell the pressure of the movement. short of the mark as students reacted with By Elizabeth Barnes also the issues which are of concern to the A very important effect of the mass The student upsurge reached an unprece­ masses of American people. These issues rage against Snyder's innuendo. A chorus nature of the movement is the incredible of boos swept through the crowd, and dented intensity during the past several are not difficult to pinpoint. The over­ rise of political consciousness on the cam­ weeks. At the same time, attacks on the whelming majority of student actions have defiant students shouted, "You set it your­ pus. The issue of the students being forced self." Snyder, who had apparently expected movement have also intensified. On anum­ either been initiated by Third World stu­ to pay for a budget cut, instead of the ber of campuses, militant actions have dents around issues such as open enroll­ the students to crawl back to class, was businesses which run and exploit the uni­ ended with the isolation and defeat of the ment or Third World studies programs or forced at the end of the meeting to retract versity, raises the central questionofpower demonstrators. around issues related to the Vietnam war. his statement and make it clear that he and class exploitation. Discussions about believed the boycotting students were not the class nature of the university, the theory It is thus becoming more urgent to con­ It has been proven concretely that if in­ responsible for the fire. of mass action against a ruling class, so­ sider how best to defend the movement telligent tactics are used in organizing ac­ against such defeats, of how to protect it During the meeting, 300 black students cialism, and the need for a revolution tions around these issues, themassesofstu­ from the onslaughts of cops and courts marched in together and demanded ex­ are being participated in by students who dents, as well as people in the community, as well as the more sophisticated- and emption from the proposed fee increase. two weeks ago would not have listened to can be won over. Everyone was surprised by the imme­ these ideas for five minutes. sometimes more dangerous- double-deal­ ing of college administrators. A series of discussions held at Amherst diate and decisive effectiveness ofthestrike. At a meeting today some 500 of the College recently resulted in a letter from the The attacks are coming from two direc­ During Thursday and Friday the strike 1,300 teaching assistants met on campus president of the college, Calvin Plimpton, tions. On the one hand, there are the "hawks" was 80-90 percent effective. Free univer­ and voted by an overwhelming majority to President Nixon. The letter criticized sities were set up in the dormitories. Classes to strike if any of the students were penal­ whose ranks include the more conservative politicians, including numerous state legis­ Nixon's recent attack on the student move­ were moved outside, turned into discus­ ized for their activity in the present shut­ ment on the grounds that Nixon had dis­ lators and Congressmen, who are trying to sions on the fee increase, the role of the down. On a campus with a generally con­ regarded the real issues involved. "The outdo each other in their cries for"cracking university in society, etc. All over campus aervative faculty, this was a very encou­ pervasive and insistent disquiet on many down" on the students. Seven state legis­ meetings, caucuses and discussions blos- raging development. campuses throughout the nation," the letter latures have rammed through laws speci­ said, "indicates that unrest results, not from fically aimed at student demonstrators. a conspiracy of a few, but from a shared Three different Congressional committees sense that the nation has no adequate plans are vying for the opportunity to spearhead for meeting the crisis of our society." investigations of student organizations. On the other hand, the movement is under As the Amherst letter points out, the op­ attack from sectors of the ruling class who ponents of the student upsurge are always favor an emphasis on a more flexible trying to divert discussion from the real strategy. Many college administrators fall issues involved. They are forever harping into this category, and their use of what on such familiar themes as "the demonstra­ could be called a more "liberal" approach tors only represent a tiny minority," or has been fairly effective thus far in contain­ "the demonstrators are denying other stu­ ing some student actions. dents their right of free speech," or"they are The essence of this liberal strategy was just demonstrating for the sake of demon­ summed up in a New York Times edi­ strating and causing a nuisance." torial May 5. The editorial warns .. against This type of distortion is one of the the development of a "mindless, vindictive strongest weapons the rulers of this coun­ backlash movement" which would "play try have, and the movement cannot afford lnto the hands of the disrupters." Calling to let them get away with it. Every pro­ in the cops, it asserts, is likely to result test action should be planned from the in "overkill" as happened last spring at point of view of showing clearly that it is Columbia and this spring at Harvard. the ruling class which is in reality denying What the Times recommends as an alter­ the rights of the majority, that it is the rul­ native is a "combination of concessions to ing class that tries to repress the student justified demands, improved communica­ movement because it cannot face up to the tions among students, administrators and issues of war and racist oppression. faculty, and firmness where required." With Emphasis in any struggle should be on this approach, they say, university ad­ actions which show clearly the democratic ministrators "can regain the initiative from nature of the student movement, as well the wildest dissenters and even mobilize as its power. This means organizing mass student majorities to back campus order meetings where decisions regarding the and peace." struggle can be made democratically, and The emphasis in this more sophisticated such actions as strikes, mass rallies or mass approach is on "divide and rule," on at­ demonstrations which make the numbers tempting to isolate the activists while either of people involved most visible. neutralizing or winning over the majority There is no such thing as "instant revolu­ of the students to the side of the administra­ tion" on campus. Winning people to an tion. understanding that war and racism are In defending the movement against these caused by the basic nature of the system liberal tactics, as well as the more obvious and that the system must be abolished, is oppression of the "hawks," it is important a drawn-out process. The present upsurge first and foremost to realize that the only is part of that process. effective protection the students have is the Any attempt to cut corners in the course development of mass support. Every step of the struggle by turning away from the taken in the struggle must thus be calculated key issues which continue to radicalize to win over the greatest possible number of whole new layers of people will only short­ people. circuit this process. On the other hand, Photo by John Fulton/Indiana Daily Student In attempting to win support for student if the lessons of the present upsurge are URGES CONTINUING ACTION. Russell Block, Young Socialist Alliance protests, it is of centralimp ortance to under­ absorbed, the "spring offensive" can lay the spokesman, addresses May 4 rally of 10,000 University of Indiana students. stand that the very same issues which are basis for even more massive actions in the Rally voted overwhelmingly to continue strike action against tuition hike. moving masses of students into action are future. Page 8 THE MILITANT Friday, May 16, 1969

An unvarnished history (IV)

Progressive Labor and the Cuban Revolution

By Mary-Alice Waters taken in by the volumes of slander printed Progressive Labor's attitude toward the about the Cuban revolution. Cuban revolution has gone through essen­ In a manner not unlike the pattern seen tially two stages-pro-Cuban revolution in Hazard and Monroe, PL set out to uti­ and anti-Cuban revolution. Or one might lize this sentiment-not to build the most label them "early PL" and "later PL." The effective united-front defense of the Cuban policies followed during the two periods, revolution, as the Fair Play for Cuba the differences between them, and the rea­ Committee had done earlier- but to make sons for the the shift are important, as they quick gains for PL. In late 1962 PL an­ offer an instructive example of PL's basic nounced its first Cuba trip. Close to 70 political approach. Fundamentally, neither people signed up to go during the Christ­ position was based on an understanding mas vacation, understanding they had been of the needs of the Cuban revolution, or invited by the Cuban Federation of Uni­ versity Students, that the ACLU had vo­ of the role it has played in the international SCORES PEKING'S POLICY. On March 13, 1966 Fidel Castro denounced class struggle in the last decade. Their lunteered to defend any of them who might be victimized for violating the State Dep­ the decision of the Chinese government to renege on its trade agreement position has been based primarily on the with Cuba. "It is a real felony, real blackmail, a real betrayal of the inter­ sectarian needs of Progressive Labor and artment travel ban, and that all the details had been worked out with the Cuban national working class to deprive us of almost half of our rice at a time of the policies of the Chinese Communist great difficulty for us." Party. government. During the early period, which lasted In reality, the travel details had not roughly from the time PL began in early been arranged, the ACL U had made no a broadcast made by Milt Rosen, PL ving believed in the internationalist spirit 1962 until the Tricontinental Congress such promise, and it is highly dubious editor. of the Chinese government." When he re­ in January 1966, PL attempted to iden­ that the Cuban government even knew of Lauded Cuba turned to the subject in a speech on March tify itself closely with the Cuban revolu­ the proposed trip until it was reported Rosen enumerated facts-such as the 13, he reiterated, "It is a real felony, real tion. Then, as now, defense of the Cuban in the U. S. press. Not surprisingly, elimination of racism in Cuba, the expan­ blackmail, a real betrayal of the inter­ revolution was a dividing line between the trip never materialized, as, among other sion of education, and health facilities, national working class to deprive us of revolutionary and nonrevolutionary, and things, the Canadian government refused the elimination of hunger, the destruction almost half of our rice at a time of great PL was interested in the thousands of stu­ to grant a landing permit to the plane of the profit system, and many others. difficulty for us." dents across the country who had not been that was to have taken the students to He pointed out that "Socialism is forging Economic dependence Cuba. ahead in Cuba, and that people all over Cuba's very existence depended, and still Two trip~ Latin America and elsewhere see clearly depends, on massive economic aid from the N.Y. court stalls Two successful trips to Cuba were orga­ Cuban progress, despite being forced to Soviet Union. This has posed delicate pro­ nized in the summers of 1963 and 1964. build Socialism while holding a gun in blems for the Cuban leaders numerous Between the two trips almost 150 young one hand." He commented that much of times during the last decade, when they on lowering bail people were able to see Cuba for themselves the rising tide of revolutionary activity have spoken out against the reformist and return to help spread the truth about in Latin America was "spurred on by the policies of the Kremlin or Kremlin-inspired the Cuban revolution. Despite the State success of Socialism in Cuba." parties around the world. Their condem­ Department ban, hundreds of students were Progressive Labor also carried frequent nation of Soviet aid and diplomatic rela­ for Panthers willing to take the risk of losing their reprints of articles by Che Guevara during tions with Latin American dictatorships, passports, fighting long court cases, and and the condemnation of the antistruggle By Derrick Morrison this period. facing up to $5,000 in fines and five years line of the Venezuelan CP are obvious NEW YORK, May 5-A bail hearing Exactly when the shift in PL's policy to­ in jail. This was the sentiment PL based examples. for the Panther 21 got underway today, ward Cuba and the Cuban leadership itself on. Despite the unquestionable pressure to as helmeted cops stood on the sidewalk, occurred is difficult to pin down. Several However, instead of trying to involve line up with Moscow in the Sino-S0viet in the corridors and hallways, and in articles intimate it was as early as 1964, and unite all the forces which supported dispute, Cuba remained silent, a fact that packed rooms adjacent to the courtroom. making vague references to a Havana the Cuban revolution, thereby contribu­ conference of Latin American "revisionisf' was generally understood to indicate non­ Of the 21 Black Panthers accused on ting to a broad united-front defense effort support for the Kremlin's factional attacks trumped-up charges of plotting to blow parties that year. for the revolution- and for those who on China. But this was not sufficient for up department stores and a police station, PL today charges that the Cuban leaders might be victimized fortravelingto Cuba­ Peking. If Cuba did not line up publicly 14 were present. In the courtroom, behind have definitively "put themselves in the re­ PL's policy was to screen out any appli­ and unequivocally with the Maoists, de­ each of the defendant's chairs, stood a cop. visionist camp" (PL, May 1969, page 63). cants for the Cuba trips who were known spite the consequences, which might even The audience of 40-60 people raised When did this qualitative change occur, members of other radical organizations. entail the destruction of the revolution, clenched fists as the defendants walked in. and how and why? This was true not only of YSAers and then Cuban had joined the "enemy camp" At the beginning of the hearing, Assis­ Position murky SWPers, but DuBois Club members, CPers, tant D. A. Joseph Phillips moved that the Unfortunately for those who follow PL's of the "revisionists" and deserved to be and anyone else who politically disagreed trial of the 14 take place, stating that the press, the answers to such questions have isolated. with Progressive Labor. Thus, in the name charges amounted to mass "terrorism." never been clearly spelled out-though Certainly, the Cuban revolution has been of fighting the travel ban, PL established His real motive, however, was to assure I'm sure many besides ourselves are won­ compelled to pay a price for its economic its own political ban. the existence of such a highly charged dering. PL now says that a formerly "so­ dependence on the Soviet Union. Within When the first group of students returned hysterical atmosphere around the case that cialist state"- one that followed a policy the revolutionary movement the necessity from Cuba in September 1963, their pass­ a verdict of guilty would be returned auto­ of deepening and consolidating the revolu­ for one or another particular concession ports were immediately invalidated, HU AC can be discussed. But Peking's policy to­ matically by any jury, despite the lack tion at home and a policy of politically scheduled a two-day hearing and sub­ of evidence. and materially aiding revolutionary move­ ward Cuba has been no more revolu­ poenaed the organizers, and a federal tionary than the Kremlin's. Defense attorney William Kunstler stated ments abroad-has placed itself in the grand jury rapidly indicted four PLers, If the Chinese policy had been one based in reply that the motion for an immediate camp of the "revisionists," i.e., is now three for violation of the McCarran Im­ on the needs of the Cuban revolution, on trial was totally unrealistic for preparing attempting to halt the progress oftheworld migration Act and the State Department an adequate defense. He said there were revolution. No serious Marxists would the needs of the world revolution, and the ban, and all four for conspiracy to violate central importance of supporting and rein­ still several motions to file on reduction make such charges without attempting to both. Many students recognized the import­ of bail, on inspection of the state's evidence thoroughly document and explain them. forcing the first socialist revolution in the against the 21, and on the unconstitutional ance of breaking the ban and wanted to On what do they base these charges, and Western hemisphere, Peking would have treatment of his clients while in jail. He support those indicted and deprived of their how do they explain this shift in policy? recognized the difficult position of the Cu­ asked for at least three months before any passports, but defense committees never The best one can do is to try to recon­ ban leaders, and rather than attempting trial came down. To rush the case, Kunstler got off the ground. PL was intent on ex­ struct PL's version of the history of the blackmail, would have sought to increase stated, would deny the defendants com­ cluding other political tendencies from par­ Cuban revolution from a series of articles its aid to Cuba in order to help free the plete due process of law. ticipating in them, and did not agree that appearing between October 1967 and the Cuban revolution from its economic straits. Defense attorney Gerald Lefcourt ran the purpose of the defense committees present, both in Progressive Labor, and Instead, Peking's break with Cuba served down the backgrounds of six of the de­ should be solely to mobilize defense sup­ in World Revolution, which is edited by only to reinforce the Kremlin's influence fendants, arguing the case for bail reduc­ port- and not be mere appendages of PL. PL members, but contains primarily re­ on Cuba's future, and gave Cuba less tion. He attempted to counter some of the The Committee to Uphold the Right to prints from articles appearing in the Maoist room to maneuver and carry out revolu­ obvious lies that had been presented by Travel (CURT), for example, held one press around the world. tionary policies in opposition to the the D. A. In reference to Richard Moore, or two successful rallies and public meet­ It seems clear that the decisive turning Kremlin. for example, the district attorney's office ings in the Bay Area, and then folded. point for PL came in early 1966, around Such considerations, however, were of had said that he was not married. At­ After several years of litigation, and a the time of the Tricontinental Congress, no more concern to PL than they were torney Lefcourt simply produced the mar­ number of court rulings in favor of free­ when Fidel Castro charged that the Chinese to the Mao regime. riage certificate. dom to travel, the charges against the Communist Party and government were The next article will deal with PL's "anti­ Presiding Judge John Murtaugh decided four PLers were finally dropped. guilty of economic blackmail of Cuba. Cuban revolution" period and the charges to continue the hearings rather than sum­ Throughout this "early'' period, Progres­ China had abruptly reneged on trade agree­ that the Maoists have leveled against the marily deny a bail reduction. sive Labor printed frequent articles cor­ ments which were extremely important to Cuban revolution and its leadership. To support the Panther 21, contributions rectly describing the important basic social the economy of Cuba. As a result, the rice can be sent to: Legal Defense Fund, Black advances made by the Cuban revolution. ration in Cuba had to be cut in half (This serial history of the PLP is ap­ Panther Party, Box 1224, Brooklyn, N.Y. Typical was an editorial published in the for the coming year. On February 6 Castro pearing on alternate weeks. The next ar­ 11202. March 1963 issue reproducing the text of apologized to the Cuban people "for ha- ticle will be in the issue dated May 30.) Friday, May 16, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 9

REPORT FROM PARIS: Revolutionists act on May Day

By G. Vergeat PARIS, May 1-In spite of the fact that the Communist Party-dominated CGT (Confederation Generale des Travail­ leurs- General Confederation of Labor) called off its traditional May Day dem­ onstration, and in spite of an order for­ bidding any demonstrations in Paris to­ day, a May Day march did take place in the Red Belt Paris suburb of St. Denis. The demonstration was organized by the newly-founded Communist League, French section of the Fourth International. For years the CGT has organized May Day demonstrations, which have tended to be more like holiday parades than militant mobilizations of the working class. The political content of these parades re­ flected the class-collaborationist politics of the French Communist Party. Before it had become apparent that the "no" vote in de Gaulle's April27 referendum had a chance of winning, the CP and the CGT had plan­ ned to hold the same kind of demonstra­ tion this year. But the outcome of the referendum changed the political situation, and put the CP into a quandary. The victory of the "no" vote was interpreted by the mass of workers as a victory against the Gaullist regime. The CP bureaucrats feared that PARIS RALLY. Mass meeting during revolutionary events capitalist groups, was banned by De Gaulle. Many of this feeling of confidence among the work­ of last May. Meeting was organized by the Revolutionary those associated with the JCR helped launch recently ers could be expressed in a massive dem­ Communist Youth (JCR), which, along with other anti- founded Communist League, French section of the Fourth onstration on May 1 that could slip out International. of the bureaucrats' control, and possibly of its strong-arm squads set up to main­ swered the CP in a statement released April organized to go to St. Denis this morning. trigger further independent struggles by tain discipline on the May Day march. 29 (both the CL and the CP statements St. Denis, technically outside Paris, is one the workers. The CP tops feared a repe­ It was common knowledge that the meeting appeared in the May 2 issue of Le Monde ). of the "reddesf' of the Red Belt suburbs, tition of the kind of thing that happened was called to discuss how to "deal'' with The CL charged that the reason given by with a working class that votes consistently last May 13, when a massive march of the "leftists" in the demonstration. However, the CGT for calling off the workers' march and massively for the Communist Party. workers and students, held after the stu­ they apparently decided that under the was a pretext. "The organized worker mili­ The demonstration began at 11:30 a.m. dent barricade battles, signaled the begin­ circumstances, they couldn't maintain their tants represent a considerable force," the with a march through the main streets ning of the occupations of the factories grip on the demonstration, and the CGT Communist League pointed out, "which is of the town with red flags and banners and the greatest general strike in history. announced that night that it was calling capable of handling" provocations from the reading "Long Live May 1- Workers' Adding to the nervousness of the CP the whole thing off. reactionaries. International Holiday." The marchers leadership was the fact that groups to the The official reason given by the CGT chanted "De Gaulle is gone- the struggle left of the CP, including the Communist "The true motivation of the CGT leader­ for its retreat appeared on the front page ship is clear," the statement continues. "After continues!"; "Defferre, Pompidou, no­ League, have won much greater influence of the CP newspaper, l'Humanite April30. workers' power, yes!" and "For a Consti­ among the vanguard section of the work­ the victory of the 'no,' a central demonstra­ The CGT bureaucrats claimed they "re­ tion of the working class" could be of huge tuent Assembly!" On the steps of City Hall ers than was the case before May 1968. The ceived precise information that a big poli­ (where the CP city government presides), participation of these groups in the May size and trigger a strong strike movement. tical provocation is being prepared against "It is to avoid the direct intervention of the marchers held a meeting. Day march, coupled with the developing the working class on this occasion." At 12:30, the special forces of the noto­ feeling of confidence among the workers the working class for its own objectives "Smarting from the defeat they received and with its own methods of struggle, rious riot police, the CRS arrived in full after the "no" vote, threatened to transform battle dress, with clubs and gas grenades. the march into a militant action with an on April27, the statement said, "and fearing which could disturb the 'peace' of the above all the unity of democratic and presidential election campaign, that the The meeting was calmly brought to a close, anticapitalist political thrust. This would and the demonstration dissolved before run counter to the CP's class-collabora­ workers' forces, reactionary circles and leadership of the CGT canceled the May the police could attack. tionist political line projected in the current especially the 'civic action committees' are 1 demonstration. The reaction of the St. Denis workers election campaign-for a "democratic" al­ organizing, under the cover ofthe decisions De Gaulle ban was at first one of curiousity- here were the ternative clearly within the limits of the taken by leftist groups to degenerate the Fearing that many workers would dem­ "leftists" their leaders have been warning capitalist system. Paris demonstration into riots. Once more it turns out that leftism serves the worst onstrate at the call of the groups to the them against (an interesting contrast to Goon squad meets enemies of the workers. One can imagine left of the CP in spite of the CGT retreat, the militant march was provided by CP On April 29, the CGT held a meeting what kind of capital the Gaullist and reac­ the government announced April 30 that activists on the sidewalks who were selling tionary forces could make in the case that it was banning all demonstrations in Paris flowers for May Day). After the march serious incidents should occur on May 1 on May 1. and arrival of the police, Communist in Paris and what advantages they could Facing this situation, the Communist League militants who melted into the cafes win on the political field to overcome League decided to hold a sympolic dem­ found the general opinion of the towns­ their present crisis." onstration. With only a few hours prepa­ people to be favorable to the demonstra­ The Communist League immediately an- ration last night, 1,200 people were tion.

I'll:·'<·····························<·······< · • King of Hearts is a delicate, mood­ melodramatic motion picture about amen­ into the tensions, horror and terror ofwar. provoking, genuinely human movie set tal retardate who undergoes an operation Shame is supposed to be lngmar Berg­ somewhere on the borderline between fan­ that makes him a genius. Unfortunately man's antiwar statement and as such it tasy and reality. for him, his emotional development does is disappointing. When one thinks of an It poses the sweet and playful innocence not quite keep pace with the development artistic antiwar statement today, it is diffi­ of the escaped inhabitants of a lunatic of his intelligence, and he is made to learn cult not to make an analogy with the war asylum against the absurd but homicidal the hard way that a grown man cannot in Vietnam, where it is not enough to be juggernaut of imperialist war. face the world with the unalienated open­ horrified by the war- it is also necessary The British and German armies are in ness of a child. to take sides against the U. S. aggression combat over a small town in the north In the process, he makes some painful causing that horror. of France at the end of World War I. The discoveries about what the drive for indi­ Shame does not take sides. It is a typi­ Germans retreat, leaving a time bomb vidual status and recognition can do to cally liberal-pacifist exercise, although which, if it is not disarmed, will blow up pervert and corrupt even so altruistic an without doubt as powerful an example the entire town. The British are informed enterprise as the medical profession. He of that genre as you are likely to find. of the time bomb by a member of the also learns about the cruel process by Bergman very poignantly portrays the French resistance and send an ornithologist which people take out their frustrated feel­ conflicts of his young couple as they try (played by Alan Bates), who is charged ings of social inferiority by ganging up to maintain their love for each other while with caring for carrier pigeons, into the on those less fortunate than themselves. they are forced to compromise their moral town to disarm it. On the other hand, Charly also learns principles in order to survive. In the process of fleeing from a few about precious things like love and human The young woman has first to play up left-over German soldiers, our ornitholo­ warmth. .to the local mayor who has the power, on gist inadvertently frees the inhabitants of the one hand, to dispense small material the local asylum. Thereafter, he finds him­ Since there are people around who are privileges and, on the other, to send them self drawn more and more into their fan­ ready, or almost ready, to advocate the to a death camp. Later the husband kills tasy life and away from the ridiculous use of atomic weapons in Vietnam, the a young Army deserter to get his boots. reality of the war. "war is hell" theme is still a valid filmic The dehumanizing actions that each comes Reminiscent of Peter Weiss's Marat/ enterprise. However, one would have hoped to find necessary for survival shock and Sade, King of Hearts utilizes the device for something more from the sensitive and dehumanize the other. of contrasting the insane with the sup­ unquestionably talented Swedish film direc­ But one can only hope that Bergman posedly sane in order to expose the ab­ tor lngmar Bergman. did not intend any analogy with Vietnam, For a free copy write to Merit surdities of "normal'' bourgeois thought­ Shame, a new Bergman film, is set up where the liberation fighers are motivated Publishers, 873 Broadway, patterns. as a conflict between two anonymous Eu­ by the high aspirations of freedom and ropean nations. It focuses in on a happily justice as the very best immunization New York, N.Y. 10003 Charly is a warm, engaging, somewhat married couple who are suddenly thrust against the dehumanizing aspects of war. -Malachi Constant Page 10 THE MILITANT Friday, May 16, 1969 Anti-community school bill rammed through In• N.Y. By Howard Reed 5) The local boards will have to appoint NEW YORK-The NewYorkcityschool their teachers from a centrally approved "decentralization" bill passed April 30 by list. the New York State legislature has as its 6) Each year, thecommunityboardscan object to destroy and eliminate the attempts submit budget requests, but a Board of by the black and Puerto Rican commu­ Education chancellor has the power to in­ nities to control their own education. crease, decrease, or modify requests, while The bill was passed with the active sup­ compiling a citywide budget for the schools. port and connivance of Albert Shanker and With a straight face, Shanker said he con­ his cohorts in the United Federation of siders this bill a "fair compromise." He Teachers, along with his allies, the racist declared, "We're supporting it. We think it school principals and AFL-CIO bureau­ has some pretty strong features on teachers' crats. rights and due process, and some pretty The major provisos of the bill are: strong features delegating powers to com­ 1) The abolition of the three experimental munity districts." school districts- Ocean Hill-Brownsville, Clearly, the reason Shanker is enthusias­ I. S. 201 in Harlem, and Two Bridges­ tic about the bill is because it abolishes where the black and Puerto Rican com­ any pretense of community control, and "FREE AMERICA." Cops patrol corridors in Brooklyn's Franklin Lane High munities have tried to institute control does away with the three demonstration School. Unprecedented action was demanded by teachers' union bureaucrats. over their education. These districts will districts Shanker struck eight weeks to get be absorbed into 30 to 33 "community rid of. It should also put to rest the lying school boards." Members of these boards claim that the UFT heads are not really would be elected every two years by pa­ "opposed' to decentralization. Latin America meeting rents in the districts, who are registered Shanker organized absolutely no oppo­ voters, have children in the schools, have sition to the drastic budget cutsjustenacted • 90 days residence, and who are 21 years in the field of education, nor did he fight of age. The boundaries for these districts against the crippling Taylor Law amend­ IS held in New England will be set by the central Board of Edu­ ments which further restrict the powers of cation and will thereby be subject to gerry­ public employee unions. The UFT brass By Mike Kelly and Roger Sheppard enemy, U.S. imperialism. mandering to hamstring blacks and Puerto is doing nothing except fighting against BOSTON- A conference on Latin Amer­ In a public meeting sponsored by CEPA, Ricans. black and Puerto Rican efforts to win con­ ican solidarity and several meetings the Young Socialist Alliance and COLAS, 2) The central Board of Education will trol of their education. In the process, this between Latin American and American Sunday evening at Harvard University be retained, and will consist of five repre­ corrupt gang of bureaucrats is disgracing radicals took place the weekend of April Juan Mari Bras made a major address. He sentatives, from each of New York's five unionism by supporting any measures, in­ 25-27 in Boston and Cambridge. traced the development of the Puerto Rican boroughs. This "nonpolitical" board will be cluding more and more cops in the schools, Prime objective of the conference was independence movement under the impact appointed by the machine-committed bo­ to thwart community will. to promote better communications and co­ of first the Spanish and then the American rough presidents. In addition, the mayor How did this setback for the black and ordination between the groups and indi­ imperialists. He reiterated his militant call will appoint two board members. Such .a Puerto Rican communities come about? viduals engaged in anti-imperialist cam­ for support to and participation in the world stacked board will have the power to decide Largely because the black and Puerto Rican paigns around Latin America. With such revolutionary struggle. and alter community district lines, exercise communities were not able to mobilize groups as CO LAS (the Committee on Latin He stressed the importance of the role ultimate control over courses, curri­ sufficient political power to defeat this bill. American Solidarity), the Boston-based of the working class in the Puerto Rican struggle and in the American struggle. culums, budgets and personnel selection This lack flows from the absence of a mass host group, the North American Com­ around the city. political force representing the black and mittee on Latin America (NACLA), the The revolution against American capital­ USLA Justice Committee, the Committee ism, he pointed out, is of extreme im­ 3) Local boards will be given such token Puerto Rican communities and standing of Returned Volunteers, AVILA (Against portance to the cause of social change and responsibilities as selecting textbooks from up in basic opposition to the racist Re­ another Vietnam in Latin America), CEPA justice throughout the rest of the world. a list approved by the central boards; publican and Democratic parties. (Circulo de lost Estudiantes Puertoriquenos He also noted the revolutionary impact Paul Boutelle, Socialist Workers Party and contract for repair and maintenance Autenticos ), the Maryknolls, Quaker Action that Cuba has had in this hemisphere. The candidate for Mayor of New York, scored up to $250,000 annually. Thus the boards and other groups, a wide range of first­ MPI had acknowledged this by partici­ the law and called for a renewed, massive would be the thinnest kind of window­ hand experience in Latin America and of pating in the founding of the Organization fight for black and Puerto Rican education. dressing for an attempt to palm off des­ organizing in the states was utilized to plan of Latin American Solidarity ( OLAS ). Juan truction of decentralization as something He pointed out that the Republican and future actions. Mari Bras, representing the MPI, is the resembling it. Democratic politicians will only give the Workshops for the weekend emphasized head of OLAS' colonial bureau and is fifth 4) But not even this token concession people of New York more laws like these, agencies and mechanisms of U.S. impe­ vice-president of OLAS. will be tolerated in the high schools, where and urged supportfor the Socialist Workers rialism, the colonial status of Puerto Rico, Those wishing further information con­ student unrest and discontent have been ticket in its campaign to establish the and Cuba as a social alternative. cerning the new Latin American coordi­ very great. These will remain under the rights of the black and Puerto Rican peo­ The proximity of Puerto Rico, it's colonial nating body, can write to: COLAS, c/o direct, unchallenged control of the central ples to control their schools and all other status, the fact that it is used as a major Bob Pearlman; 49 Lee St.; Cambridge, board. decisive aspects of community life. base of U. S. imperialism in Latin America, Mass. 02139. the large Puerto Rican minority in this country and the viable independence move­ ment in Puerto Rico made it a natural Gilly, others focus for the conference. Accordingly, Juan Mari Bras, Secretary-General of the Puerto Rican Pro-Independence Movement (MPI), sentenced accepted an invitation to attend the con­ ference. At a plenary session Friday night he spoke on the agencies and mechanisms in Mexico of imperialism. Saturday, he led a work­ shop with Rodolfo Rodriguez, alocalmem­ Adolfo Gilly, the well-known Argentine ber of CEPA and the MPI, on Puerto Rico. journalist arrested in Mexico City three This workshop, like the others, also years ago has been sentenced to six years treated the practical problems of organizing and three months imprisonment and fmed here in the States. Individuals specializing 5,000 pesos. The results of his trial in in Latin American affairs such as James Mexico City April 18 were announced by Petras, James O'Connor, Norm Diamond, the U. S. Committee for Justice to Latin Tom and Margie Melville, Dick Garza American Political Prisoners (USLA) in and others, addressed themselves in ple­ New York. nary and workshop sessions to such things The USLA reported that nine others were as socialism in Cuba, Cuba as a social given sentences ranging from two to eight alternative, the role of the working class, years. Seven were members of the Mexican religion's involvement in imperialism, etc. Partido Obrero Revolucionario (Revolu­ Besides raising the general level of con­ tionary Workers Party) with which Gilly sciousness, with regard to the mentioned was associated. topics, the conference stimulated a number They were among the first arrested, in of groups present to meet Sunday morning 1966, at the beginning of what has proved and laid the groundwork for an admini­ to be a massive witchhunt and jailing of strative organization to facilitate communi­ political opponents of the supposedly demo­ cation and coordination of the groups cratic Diaz Ordaz regime. The fact that the working on Latin America to make the trial occurred three years after the arrests general movement more effective and fur­ and allows no bail is a sample of this ther reaching. Since this weekend repre­ government's "justice." sented the first contact between Juan Mari Originally charged with organizing Bras and the Boston area radical move­ Marxist meetings, inciting to subversion, ment, the opportunity was taken to broaden conspiracy, criminal association and simi­ his contact in two special meetings apart lar "crimes," Gilly was charged only with from the conference itself. conspiracy at the time of sentencing. On Sunday, Juan Mari Bras and Ro­ The POR first fell victim to government dolfo Rodriguez met in Roxbury with the Black Panthers, Puerto-Afro, CEPA, and repression when scapegoats were needed to members of the United Front, a coalition explain student unrest in 1966. It was the of Roxbury community groups. In the meet­ all too familiar case of "foreign agitators." ing, set up by Chuck Turner, co-chairman USLA chairman Paul Sweezy sent a of the United Front, Juan Mari Bras letter to the Mexican president protesting these patently absurd charges and exces­ Photo by Shelley Ramsdell/ New York Press Service told of the liberation struggle in Puerto Rico and put himself in solidarity with the sively harsh sentences. The USLA has SET PRECEDENT. Attorney Juan Mari Bras, Puerto Rican independence leader, liberation struggles for self-determination called for renewed protests against the addresses unprecedented rally in front of federal building in New York. Rally here in the United States. He called for Ordaz regime's police-state tactics. was part of a "Law Day" demonstration staged by New York lawyers and law further meetings of movements, such as Further information, including subscrip­ students to demand respect for justice and legal rights. Apart from a lawyers' those of the Puerto Ricans, the Chicanos, tion to the USLA newsletter, can be ob­ demonstration in Italy last year, it is said to be the only known public dem­ and the black people to further the cause tained from P. 0. Box 2303, New York, onstration by attorneys. of mutual support against a common N. Y. 10001, 516-221-8543. Friday, May 16, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 11 Young Socialists describe

Transitional program-A"Veterans' Co­ the word "chicken" in big type, according lumn" .in the May Camden, N.J. Observer to Agriculture Dep't plans. Meanwhile the Cuba on many campuses warns of the current relevancy of a set department made public its defmition of of "Communist Rules for Revolution" re­ "meaf' as relating to "all meat'' hot dogs: portedly unearthed by Allied forces in "The edible part of the muscle of cattle, Dusseldorf in 1919. For instance:"Corrupt sheep, or swine or goats, in the diaphram, the young, get them away from religion. in the heart, or in the esophagus, with Get them interested in sex ... Get people's or without the accompanying and over­ minds off their government by focusing lying fat, and the portions of bone, skin, their attention on athletics, sexy books nerve and blood vessels which normally and plays and other trivialities . . . Di­ accompany the muscle tissue . . . It does vide the people into hostile groups by not include the muscle found in the lips, constantly harping on controversial mat­ snout or ear." ters of importance." Sounds like a great program, but how in the world do you Grilled eyeballs, no mustard- We don't get young people interested in sex? mean to press the point, but you can still call it a frankfurter (though not "all meat'') Better bring 'em home- "DETROIT, if it contains "meat by-products," to wit: April 29 (AP)- A psychiatrist says the "Any edible part other than meat which Vietnam war has produced more 'Dear has been derived from cattle, sheep, swine John' letters than any previous conflict. or goats." Dr. Emanuel Tanay, who made a study of what he calls the Dear John Syndrome, Lucky A&P, always in the middle- Re­ blames the increase on a lack of popular tail food prices keep climbing, while in­ support for the United States military posi­ creased productivity reduces the unit costs tion." of farm products. Last year retail food Familiar symptoms?- When a person prices were 23 percent higher than they IN CUBA. Young Socialist delegation discusses with North Vietnamese army is subjected to an unexpected or unwanted had been back in 1952. But farm prices officer during visit to Cuba in January. noise, says noted ear surgeon, Dr. Samuel were nine perecent lower. "All the increases­ Rosen, "the pupils dilate, skin pales, mu­ and more-goes to the middle man," a SAN FRANCISCO- Paul McKnight, on the Cuban revolution at Indiana Penn cous membrane dry, there are intestinal House Agriculture Committee report ex­ a member of the Young Socialist delega­ State University in Indiana, Pa., and at spasms and the adrenals explode secre­ plains. tion that spent a month in Cuba during Marshall University in Huntington. W.Va. tions." Haven't experienced that yet? Give January, has just completed a speaking Mareen Jasinski, one of the Young Socialist it time. The background noise level has Social progress- A British ironsmith tour of colleges in northern California delegation that was in Cuba recently, spoke more than doubled over the past 40 years reports a brisk business in hand-forged and Oregon. and showed slides illustrating the achieve­ and is expected to double each decade chastity belts. Indicative of present strides As a result of the tour, well over 1,000 ment of ten years of the Cuban revolution. from here on in. Until, we take it, there's toward equality, he's getting orders for students have been able to listen to a The only problem at the meetings was either one big bang or a socialist reorga­ a belt fashioned for men, as well as one first-hand report about revolutionary Cuba lack of literature-enroute to the meetings, nization of society. for women. Apparently esthetically in­ and see color slides taken there. she was in a car accident and the cops clined, he says the one for women "has Meetings were very well attended, a sign impounded all her literature when they For chopped liver fans- When in New flowers on the front and a little bell to of the growing interest in Cuba among came to report the accident. York, drop in a La Seine for a bite. Ac­ jingle." The one for men, we assume, is young people in the United States. In After hearing about the Cuban revolu­ cording to the New York Times eating fur-lined. California, there were meetings at the Col­ tion today, many of the people were in­ specialist, Craig Claiborne, "the most re­ lege of San Mateo, University of San spired to learn more about socialism and markable morsel sampled at La Seine It figures- Just in case you wondered Francisco, Sonoma State College, Uni­ the socialist youth group in the U.S., was . . . a heaping spoonful of truffled why the U.S is aloof to proposed UN versity of Santa Clara, Cal Poly, St. Mary's the YSA. Several bought subscriptions to fresh foie gras from an earthen crock, penalties against the racist South African College and others. The Militant and the Young Socialist. succulent and rich ..." $7 the spoonful. regime, current reports show 263 Amer­ McKnight reported meeting a total of At one of the Marshall meetings, the Crackers, we assume, extra. ican companies doing business in South nine Cuban "refugees" during his tour. town's leading conservatives attended, ex­ Africa, with a total investment of $756- Only four of them were hostile to the pecting to create a commotion by red­ Opium substitute?- A New York Times million. South African· imports from the Cuban revolution now. The others were baiting the speaker. They were unsuccess­ advertisement advises: "Thousands of peo­ U. S. virtually doubled in a five-year very interested in hearing about the latest ful, and a few of them fmally even had ple now studying Christian Science have period. developments in their homeland. to agree that the Cuban revolution was quit smoking. And they didn't use candy, a positive achievement. gum or willpower to do it. They turned, Thought for the week- "We rely on a By Herman Porter instead, to God. And through Him they system of rewards and punishments to pro­ PORTLAND - Paul McKnight spoke Students at Vanderbilt University in found happiness and satisfaction they never vide either motivation or restraints. Well, and showed slides of Cuba at the three really got from smoking." Nashville, Tenn. heard a report April 17 post-modern youth neither fears our whip state universities in Oregon: At Oregon on the progress of the Cuban revolution. nor lusts for our carrot."-William Boyd, State University in Corvallis, 180 people Linda Jenness, one of the Young Socialist A hot rooster, with!- "All meat" frank­ president of Central Michigan University, turned out for a meeting sponsored by the delegation that visited the island recently, furters containing no more ·than 15 per­ in an Iron Age interview. departments ofhistory and political science. spoke at a meeting sponsored by SDS cent chicken· will no longer have to use -Harry Ring At the University of Oregon in Eugene and and attended by approximately 40 people. at Portland State University, he addressed meetings sponsored by the universities' "The Cuban revolution is the most pro­ speakers bureaus. gressive development in the Western Hemi-, McKnight addressed other meetings at sphere since the abolition of slavery," the Lewis and Clark College and the Uni­ Young Socialist told the audience. Linda versity of Portland. Some 120 students Jenness said shew as particularly impressed by the Cuban peoples' hard work and ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Lindley Garner, 1010 MI. Prospect Ave., Newark, N.J. 07104. Tel: (201) heard him at Mount Hood Community College in Gresham, a suburb of Port­ devotion to the revolution, their strong lemon St., *12, Tempe, Arizona B52B1. 483-B513. feeling of internationalism and the revolu­ CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP and YSA, NEW YORK: Albany: YSA, c/o Bill O'Kain, 313 State land. The Resistance also organized a meeting in Portland. tionary spirit of the youth. 2519-A Telegraph Avenue, Berkeley, Calif. 94704. St., Albany, N.Y. 12210. McKnight had a two-hour radio inter­ She also attacked the U.S. government's Tel: (415)B4B-9334. Binghamton: YSA, c/o Peter Gellert, Box 13B9, Her­ view on the Fenwick Show, Portland's best economic blockade of Cuba. That, and los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1702 E. 4th St., los pur College, Binghamton, N.Y. 13901. Tel: (607) 79B- known talk show. Another radio interview Cuba's continuing need to maintain mili­ Angeles, Calif. 90033. Tel: (213) 269-4953. 3977. was taped while he was here. tary preparedness against the threat of Son Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant labor Forum, and New York City: SWP and YSA and bookstore, B73 The audiences were interested and U.S. attack, are the main reasons for the Pioneer Books, 2338 Market St., San Francisco, Calif. Broadway, N.Y., N.Y. 10003. Tel: (212)9B2-6051. generally friendly. Almost no hostility was economic squeeze in Cuba. 94114. Tel: (415)626-995B. NORTH CAROLINA: Chapel Hill-Durham: YSA, P. 0. shown the staunch defender of the Cuban But, she said, "nobody is starving in Son Diego: YSA, c/o Bill Williams, B97 Vista Grande, Box 10, Carrboro, N.C. 27510. revolution. Cuba. There is strict rationing of food Apt. 4, El Cajon, Calif. 92020. OHIO: Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 9B01 Euclid Ave., due to the vicious blockade of the island GEORGIA: Atlanta: YSA and bookstore, 1B7 14th Cleveland, Ohio 44106. Tel: (216)791-1669. PHILADELPHIA- Approximately 400 by the United States, and supplies have St., Atlanta, Ga. 30309. Tel: (404)B76-38B7. Kent: YSA, P. 0. Box 116, Kent, Ohio 44240. people attended meetings and discussions to be evenly distributed among the people." ILLINOIS: Champaign-Urbana: YSA, P. 0. Box 2099, Yellow Springs: YSA, c/o Peter Graumann, Antioch Sta. A, Champaign, Ill. 61B20. Tel: (217)359-1333. Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio 453B7. Tel: (513) 767- Chicago: SWP, YSA and bookstore, 302 S. Canal St., ------· clipandmail ------5511. Rm. 204, Chicago, Ill. 60606. Tel: (312)939-2667. OKLAHOMA: Norman: YSA, c/o Sudie Trippel, 412 DeKalb: YSA, c/o Marv Kotter, BlO Kimberly *100, West Eufaula, Norman, Oklahoma 73069. Tel: (4051 DeKalb, Ill. 60115. 321-2594. Peoria: YSA, c/o Mike Ghelfi, 1522 N. Bradley, Peoria, OREGON: Portland: YSA, c/o Tonie Porter, 5203 S. Ill. 61606. Special to New Readers W. Pomona, Portland, Oregon, 97219. Tel: (5031 246- INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Rick Congress, 207 9245. E. 2nd St., Bloomington, Ind. 47401. If you would like to get better acquainted with THE MILITANT, you PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, 6B6 MAINE: Brunswick: YSA, c/o Ted Parsons, Senior Cen­ N. Broad St., Philadelphia, Penna. 19130. Tel: (215) may obtain a special, introductory three-month subscription for $]. (If ter, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011. CE 6-699B. MASSACHUSETTS: Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant you're already sold on the paper, you can help out by sending a reg­ RHODE ISLAND: Providence: YSA, c/o Jell Powers, labor Forum, 295 Huntington Ave., Rm 307, Boston, ular one-year subscription for $4.) 134 Benefit St., Providence, R.I. 02902. Mass. 02115. Tel: (617) 536-69B1. MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP and YSA, Eugene V. Debs TEXAS: Austin: YSA, c/o Charles Cairns, 1B03 En­ D Enclosed is $1 for a 3 month introductory subscription. Hall, 3737 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. 4B201. Tel: field Rd., Austin, Texas 7B703. Tel: (512) 476-0B50. D Enclosed is $4 for a 1 year regular subscription. Houston: YSA, c/o Fred Brode, 5420 Olano, Houston, (313) TEl-6135. D For Gls- $1 for a 6-month introductory subscription. East lansing: YSA, P. 0. Box 9251, East lansing, Texas 77039. Michigan 4B909. UTAH: logon: YSA, c/o Sterne McMullen, 763 E. 9th Ypsilanti and Ann Arbor: YSA, c/o Ed Mattos, 913 North, logan, Utah B4321. Washtenaw *16, Ypsilanti, Mich. 4B197. Tel: (313)4B2- WASHINGTON, D.C.: YSA, c/o Kathy Coram, 351B NAME. 734B. Wisconsin Ave. N. W. *3 Tel: (202)362-0037. MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA and WASHINGTON: Seattle: SWP and YSA, 5257 Uni­ STREET ...... labor Bookstore, 704 Hennepin Ave., Rm. 240, Mpls. versity Way N.E., Seattle, Wash. 9B105. Tel: (206) 55403. Tel: (612) 332-77B1. 523-2555. MISSOURI: St. louis: YSA, c/o Bill Onasdi, Schardell WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, 202 W. Gilman, Madi­ CITY ...... STATE ...... ZIP .... . Hotel, Rm. 30, 2BO N. Skinker Blvd., St. louis, Mo. son, Wise. 53703. Tel: (60B) 256-0B57. 63130. Oshkosh: YSA, c/o Peter Kohlenberg, Gruenhagen NEW JERSEY: Newark: YSA, c/o Walt Brod, 425 Hall, WSU, Oshkosh, Wise. 5490 1. Send to: The Militant, 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003 Page 12 TH£ MILITANT Friday, May 16, 1969 Ft. Jackson brass beats P-,artial retreat No trial for several antiwar Gls

COLUMBIA, S.C., May 8-The Army In addition, Mays has been found guilty from barracks arrest, but restricted to has made a partial retreat in its efforts on ihe separate charge of breaking re­ post. The other four are still under ad­ to victimize servicemen associated with striction and given a maximum sentence ministrative security in the stockade, ha­ Gls United Against the War in Vietnam. of 30 days in the stockade. ving been confined illegally for seven weeks. The Ft. Jackson brass announced May 2 The GI Civil Liberties Defense Com­ The legality of their confinement was that it had dropped charges against Pvts. mittee has issued a statement saying: "The again contested in the courts on May 7, Dominick Duddie and Curtis Mays. The Army's retreat substantiates the argument where a writ of habeas corpus for their two men have been returned to their usual of defense attorneys and civilian support­ release was sought. No decision was reach­ company routine. Another of the original ers of Ft. Jackson Gls: that all of the ed, despite the fact that attorney Dorian Ft. Jackson 8, Pvt. Edilberto Chaparro, accused were and are innocent of any Bowman pointed out that a petition for was discharged from the Army on May crime and have been prosecuted and con­ a writ of habeas corpus implies a timely 1. The Army has also indicated that it fined solely to prevent them from conti­ decision and that nearly four weeks have will give Pvt. Delmar Thomas a discharge nuing to carry on constitutionally-protec­ elapsed without reaching any decision on in lieu of court-martial, although he is ted activities." By its backdown, the state­ the matter. still in the stockade. ment said, "the Army is confessing that The argument to the federal court of Still pending against four men (Tho­ it has no case against the antiwar soldiers." appeals came after attorneys had ex­ mas until released) are charges of dis­ The defense committee pointed out that the hausted military administrative remedies respect for an officer, holding an illegal Army's case was too weak even for "a by going through the army chain of com­ demonstration, and breach of the peace. court conducted by the Army itself." mand, had argued twice in district courts The charges against Pvts. Joe Cole, Jose The committee pledged to continue a without reaching the merits of the case, Rudder, Andrew Pulley and Tommy Wood­ "vigorous defense" of those Gls who still and had been refused jurisdiction by the fin stem from a March 20 meeting on the face the threat of court-martial. Military Court of Appeals. Photo by Hermes Last week Pvt. Woodfm was released war issue held on base. It is expected that Lt. Col. Miller, the As we went to press it was reported investigating officer of the pre-court-mar­ that the newly formed Communist tial hearings, will make his recommend­ League of France has just announced ations on the disposition of the cases it against the remaining men during the that is running Alain Krivine for week of May 12. President of the French Republic. Kri­ Pvts. Cole, Rudder and Pulley still face vine, who is currently serving an 18- the possibility of general court-martial, month tour of duty in the army, was which could levy stiff sentences. Pvt. Tom­ the main spokesman for the JCR my Woodfin confronts a special court­ during last May and June, and one martial that same week, although there of the foremost leaders of the revolu­ exists the possibility that the army will tionary student movement in France. again shrink from a confrontation and For earlier story on events in France, bring him up before a lesser body. see page 9.

Bradley race shows futility of Democratic party politics By Walter Lippman Yorty is a Communist just because he was LOS ANGELES-As the hotly-contested endorsed by a Communist newspaper or mayoralty campaign continues here be­ because he shared a platform with Com­ tween black Democratic Party councilman munist speakers," Tapia said. "But we feel Jose Rudder Joe Cole Thomas Bradley and incumbent Democrat he now must know what it's like to be Sam Yorty, Bradley, like Yorty, is expos­ criticized by red-baiters." ing himself more clearly as a candidate On April 26, a "key Bradley aide," was who will not represent the interests of the quoted in the L.A. Times as saying, "Some Arab students stage protest masses of people of Los Angeles. of us were mighty anxious to give Yorty A feature of the campaign has been the some of his own medicine. We hated to Yorty efforts to label Bradley, a 21-year see our guy answer one charge after an­ veteran on the police force, as being "anti­ other. We wanted him to start using some at Lebanon UN mission police." Bradley has responded to this with of the information we have on the mayor." By Joel Aber the comment, "We have the best police de­ Bradley remained silent about the red­ New York was sent to all the Arab missions baiting attacks on his opponent. Appar­ NEW YORK- The growing differentia­ partment in he nation. There'snoquestion here to make it clear that all Arab govern­ ently he believes that red-baiting will be tion between the revolutionary and non­ ments must refrain from interfering with the about it." Yorty has also attempted to characterize useful to him, just as it is useful to Yorty. revolutionary forces in the Arab world revolutionary fight for self-determination. Bradley also equivocates on the school was hit home here May 3 by a protest sit­ The statement said in part: Bradley's campaign as "pro-Communist," charging that two of Bradley's campaign issue. In a recently-issued position paper, in at the Lebanese U.N. embassy. "The heroic stand of the Palestinian refu­ he says, "The citizens of each community aides are ex-Communists. Here's how the The sit-in was sponsored by New York gees and students in outright rejection of must have the responsibility and the power area students from the various Arab coun­ these efforts [by the Lebanese government Bradley machine answered: On April 23 Abe Tapia, president of the to help determine the quality of life in their tries. They were protesting the armed at­ to hinder the commando operations] was neighborhoods." Bradley is opposed to tacks by the Lebanese army on Palestinian met with bullets and outrageous acts of Mexican-American Political Association and a top Bradley campaigner, held a community control of education. He merely guerrilla fighters in southern Lebanon and violence that left scores of dead and wants the facade of community participa­ press conference in which he "revealed" brutal suppression of recent mass demon­ wounded, and which prompted Israeli De­ tion without genuine power. that Yorty was supported by the Commu­ strations in Lebanon. fense Minister Dayan to arrogantly assert Both Yorty and Bradley represent the nist Party newspaper when he ran for the The sit-in began at 10 a.m., and con­ that Lebanon must have witnessed a lot ruling class in Los Angeles- only with state assembly three decades ago and that tinued until 6 p.m., an hour beyond the of 'soul searching' since the Israeli attack different ways of expressing the same goal: Yorty once shared a platform with two embassy's closing time. It was made clear on Beirut airport. Recent reports of mili­ maintaining capitalist law and order. Brad­ alleged Communists. 'We aren't saying to the ambassador that any move on his tary confrontations and ensuing casualties ley falsely presents himself as a genuine part to have the protesters arrested would are even more disturbing and ominous, representative of black people, Chicanos creat an international scandal, which would and signify a new and dangerous stage of and other oppressed people. His special only serve to expose the position of the Leb­ the conflict. . . . function is to corral their votes into support anese government. "In condemning and deploring these out­ Big Denver for the Democratic Party. Telegrams of protest to the embassy were rageous acts of violence, we take note of the The fact that a blackcandidateformayor sent by Arab Student Association chapters fact that they cannot be viewed in isolation. has a good chance of winning an election around the U.S. Recent indications from various Arab coun­ antiwar action in the third largest city in the U.S. is indic­ A press statement by the Arab students in tries betray what seems to be a concerted ative of the increased political power of effort to clamp down on the Palestinian By Mary F. Walter black people. But it also shows that as freedom fighter organizations. Let it be DENVER- Over 1,500 people partici­ long as the masses of black people con­ Fatah sets· terms known therefore that we are not oblivious pated in Denver's largest and most mili­ tinue to support Democratic Party can­ to these attempts. We thus wish to serve tant march and rally against the war in didates, this power will be ineffective. notice that the appropriate response will Vietnam on April26, 1969. About a third The key political lesson to be drawn from for····tebanon talks be made." of the participants were high school stu­ the Bradley campaign is the need for a Specific demands of the sit-in included: dents, and another large percentage were mass independent black political party, A Ne\V Y()r!tTimesd1s "1) Complete freedom of activity for the of college age. Chants and the general rooted in the black community, which can Beirut May 5<$ai~: ~· commandos, 2) Freedom of movement and attitude were much more militant than at . expose and provide an alternative to the 111ando .leadersJ:iip 11 supplies, 3) Withdrawal of security forces previous antiwar events. Democratic Party. ~banese·•·government from refugee camps, 4) Release of all per­ Rally speakers included "Corky" Gon­ ti~ti()I).$, accQ sons arrested, 5) The cancellation of the zalez, leader of the Denver-based Crusade on. the .···Fatah state of emergency, 6) Compensation for the for Justice; Lauren Watson, of Denver's ditionsfor Jjeg families of the victims, 7) Punishment of of­ Black Panther Party; Bernadine Dohrn, LOS ANGELES- The Militant Labor said, were ''te ficials who were responsible for the perpe­ SDS; Tom Hayden, a Chicago indictee; Forum will sponsor a panel discussion on arrested in tration of the flagrant acts of violence and Harry K. Nier, a Denver attorney; and "Bradley: Pro and Con," Fri, May 16, deJ11oustratlQris.•.•••1Il 8) Immediate disengagement from any con­ Joan Anderson, law student organizer of 8:30 p.m. at 1702 E. 4th St. Speakers will fi()n ..• ofarl'est wai'I'a§~s .t~~ frontation- military or otherwise-with the National Lawyers Guild. be Ken O'Duna of the Youth Committee the commando organizations." The first The march was coordinated by the Den­ for Bradley; a representative of the Black CQilllection· .. ··with. ···•·· t}le.• .. •••·· de~Q~~ ••~/;l~.· seven of these demands are the same ones ver Coordinating Committee to End the Panther Party; George Davis of the Social­ tions; •·.and.liftiug~f~esi~~e~~~u~d ist Workers Party; and Walter Lippman of refug~ .. c~ps.'' issued recently over Voice of Fatah Radio War in Vietnam, a broad coalition of in Cairo. groups. the Young Socialist Alliance.